CN205705214U - The hollow single screw extrusion machine of inner screw channel formula - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an inner screw groove type hollow single-screw extruder, comprising an extruder head, a barrel, a hollow screw, a hopper, a first seat, a centripetal thrust bearing group, a transmission mechanism, a motor, and a second seat sub, gear and mandrel; the hollow screw is located in the barrel, a radial channel and a central hole are provided on the hollow screw, the mandrel is located in the central hole of the hollow screw, the barrel, hollow screw and mandrel They are all coaxial, and the hollow screw can rotate relatively between the barrel and the mandrel; the characteristic is that the inner wall of the central hole of the hollow screw is provided with a continuous inner screw groove that runs through the entire length, and the left end of the inner screw groove is in line with the radial direction. The channel is connected, and the right end of the inner screw groove is connected with the discharge port of the machine barrel. The dragging, homogenizing, stretching and shearing effects of the internal screw groove on the material are significantly increased, the melt quality is high, and the product quality is good.

Description

Internal screw channel hollow single screw extruder

technical field

The utility model relates to an inner screw groove type hollow single-screw extruder, which is mainly used for mixing, plasticizing and extruding polymer materials, and belongs to the technical field of polymer material molding equipment.

Background technique

Plastic extrusion molding machine is an important equipment for processing polymers. After polymers (granules, powders, etc.) enter the barrel and screw groove space through the hopper, they move forward under the push of the screw flight. Every time the screw rotates, The material moves forward by a lead, and the material has to go through a series of processes such as plasticizing and melting in the screw groove. Its shape changes from the initial solid state to the molten state through many links such as plug flow, molten film, circulation, and solid phase crushing. state, and then molded into plastic products through machine heads, molds and other equipment. Obviously, in plastic extrusion molding machines, the screw is the most important and core component. Its structure and shape not only affect the quality of processed products, but also affect the machine. service life and energy consumption.

Among the many forms of screw extruders, the single-screw extruder was the first to appear and is also the most widely used one. After years of development, the single-screw extruder itself has also been changed and improved. For example, the patent numbers are "ZL95219311" .6", "ZL 200820121548.1" and the single-screw extruder with the authorization number "201446671 U" have changed the structure of the screw or barrel or fuselage respectively, in order to improve the extrusion processing performance, and there are also single-screw extruders Adopt a conical single-screw structure with stronger plasticizing and extrusion performance, such as the patent "Conical single-screw extruder with parallel screw head section (authorized announcement number CN 201792480 U)", change the screw to have a section of parallel head The conical single-screw extruder further expands the functions of the single-screw extruder; the existing single-screw extruder, whether it is an ordinary single-screw extruder or a conical single-screw extruder, has a simple structure, It has the characteristics of convenient operation and relatively low production cost, but it also has obvious shortcomings, that is: because the screw groove of the traditional screw is on the outer circumference of the screw, the dragging, homogenization, The mixing effect is not particularly strong, and because the screw groove is on the outer circumference of the screw, the electric heating coil is installed outside the barrel, so the heat is lost quickly, the thermal efficiency is low, and the energy consumption is large.

Therefore, it is also necessary to change the screw structure of the traditional "screw groove outside" to further strengthen its function.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an inner screw groove type hollow single screw extruder, which not only has a simple structure, but also significantly increases the dragging, mixing, stretching and shearing effects of the screw on the material , has a significant impact on the processing form, the melt quality is high, the product quality is good, and the heat loss is slow and the thermal efficiency is high.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model is achieved in that it is a hollow single-screw extruder with an inner screw groove, including an extruder head, a machine barrel, a hollow screw, a hopper, a first seat, and a centripetal thrust Bearing set, transmission mechanism, motor, second seat, gear and mandrel; the hollow screw is located in the barrel, the mandrel is located in the center hole of the hollow screw, and the barrel, hollow screw and mandrel are all the same Shaft, the hollow screw can rotate relatively between the barrel and the mandrel; it is characterized in that on the inner wall of the central hole of the hollow screw, there is a continuous inner screw groove that runs through the entire length, and the left end of the inner screw groove is connected to the radial channel. Connected, the right end of the inner screw groove communicates with the discharge port of the machine barrel.

In this technical solution, the central hole of the hollow screw is cylindrical or conical or other shapes, and the shape of the barrel and the mandrel is adapted to the shape of the hollow screw.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

1. Due to the use of "inner screw groove" in the inner hole of the hollow screw, it has completely subverted and changed the structure of the traditional screw extruder screw groove on the outer circle of the screw, and changed the mechanism of plasticizing extrusion, which is a principle The innovation on the surface has changed the processing method of the material, so that the dragging, homogenizing, mixing, stretching and shearing effects of the screw on the material have been significantly increased, which has a significant impact on the processing form, and the quality of the melt is high and the quality of the product is good. .

2. Since there is an internal screw groove in the inner hole of the hollow screw, the electric heating device is installed inside the hollow screw and is in a completely sealed state, so the heat loss is much lower than that of the traditional single-screw extruder (the screw of the traditional single-screw extruder The slot is outside the screw, therefore, the corresponding electric heating ring is also installed outside the barrel), so the thermal efficiency is high, the energy consumption is much less, and the production cost is low.

3. Due to the low heat loss and high thermal efficiency, the dragging, mixing and homogenization of the material by the hollow screw are strengthened, so the material can be fully homogenized and melted in a short time and within a short screw stroke , so the length of the screw can be greatly shortened, the inherent rigidity and poor stability of the long screw can be overcome, and the scraping and friction of the screw on the mandrel and the barrel can be reduced. Moreover, shortening the residence time of the material in the barrel will reduce the material in the barrel. Degradation in the barrel, which is more beneficial for extrusion processing of temperature-sensitive materials.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model embodiment one;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the utility model.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present utility model will be further described. It should be noted here that the descriptions of these implementations are used to help understand the utility model, but are not intended to limit the utility model. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not constitute conflicts with each other.

In the description of the present utility model, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "left" and "right" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and does not require that the utility model must be based on Specific orientation configurations and operations, therefore, should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

Embodiment one

As shown in Figure 1, it is a hollow single-screw extruder with an internal screw groove, including an extruder head 1, a barrel 2, a hollow screw 3, a hopper 4, a first seat 5, and a radial thrust bearing group 6. Transmission mechanism 7, motor 8, second seat 9, gear 10 and mandrel 11; among them

The barrel 2 is cylindrical, the hopper 4 is installed on the left end of the barrel 2, the extruder head 1 is installed on the right end of the barrel 2, that is, the discharge port of the barrel 2, and the extruder head 1 It communicates with the discharge port of barrel 2;

The hollow screw 3 is located in the barrel 2 and is rotatable. The hollow screw 3 is provided with a radial channel 301 and a central hole, and the inner wall of the central hole of the hollow screw 3 is provided with a continuous inner screw that runs through the entire length. Groove 302, the left end of described inner screw groove 302 communicates with hopper 4, the right end of inner screw groove 302 communicates with the discharge port of machine barrel 2; The left end of hollow screw rod 3 protrudes outside machine barrel 2; Electric heater is arranged on Inside the hollow screw 3, the heating device heats the material in the inner screw groove 302;

The first seat 5, the centripetal thrust bearing group 6 and the gear 10 are all mounted on the left end of the hollow screw 3, the motor 8 drives the transmission mechanism 7, the transmission mechanism 7 drives the gear 10 to rotate, and the gear 10 drives the hollow screw 3 turn;

The mandrel 11 is located in the central hole of the hollow screw 3, the left end of the mandrel 11 extends out of the hollow screw 3, the hollow screw 3 is rotatable relative to the mandrel 11, and the left end of the mandrel 11 is installed on the second seat 9; The barrel 1, the hollow screw 3 and the mandrel 11 are all coaxial, the hollow screw 3 and the mandrel 11 are cylindrical, the shape of the barrel 1 and the mandrel 11 is adapted to the shape of the hollow screw 3, and the hollow screw 3 is in the barrel 2 and mandrel 11 can be relatively rotated;

When working, the motor 8 drives the hollow screw 3 to rotate through the transmission mechanism 7 and the gear 10. The material passes through the barrel 1 and the radial channel 301 of the hollow screw 3 from the hopper 4, and then enters the screw groove 302 in the center hole of the hollow screw 3. Driven by the screw edge, it moves to the extruder head 1 along the inner screw groove 302 in the central hole, and finally passes through the extrusion die.

The electric heater is installed inside the hollow screw 3 to heat the material; since the electric heating technology is relatively mature and not the focus of this patent, it is not shown in the schematic diagram of the screw structure, and because the electric heating device is set in the inner screw groove The inside of the plasticizing screw 3 is in a completely closed environment, and the heat loss is small, so the thermal efficiency is high.

Embodiment two

As shown in Figure 2, it is a hollow single-screw extruder with internal screw groove. Its structure and working principle are basically the same as those of Implementation 1. The difference is that the central hole of the hollow screw 3 is conical, and the corresponding barrel 2 and the shape of the mandrel 11 is also conical.

The embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present utility model is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, replacements and deformations to these embodiments without departing from the principle and purpose of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. the hollow single screw extrusion machine of inner screw channel formula, including extruder head (1), machine barrel (2), cored screw (3), hopper (4), the first stand (5), radial thrust bearing group (6), drive mechanism (7), motor (8), the second stand (9), gear (10) and Mandrel (11)；In described cored screw (3) is located at machine barrel (2), cored screw (3) is provided with radial passage (301) and in Central hole, described mandrel (11) is positioned at the centre bore of cored screw (3), machine barrel (2), cored screw (3) and mandrel (11) all with Axle, cored screw (3) can relatively rotate between machine barrel (2) and mandrel (11)；It is characterized in that the centre bore in cored screw (3) Inwall be provided with through total length continuous print inner screw channel (302), the left end of described inner screw channel (302) and radial passage (301) Connection, the right-hand member of inner screw channel (302) connects with the discharging opening of machine barrel (2).

The hollow single screw extrusion machine of inner screw channel formula the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described cored screw (3) Centre bore is cylindrical or conical or other shapes, the shape of described machine barrel (2) and mandrel (11) and cored screw (3) Shape adapts.