CN205629419U - Dual -purpose blade of extreme heavy load cutting high -efficient rough machining " ox horn " turnning and milling of axle type forging - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an extremely heavy-duty cutting shaft forging for high-efficiency rough machining "ox horn" turning and milling dual-purpose blade, which belongs to the technical field of cutting tools for turning and milling. In order to solve the problem that in the process of extreme heavy-duty shaft forgings processing, there are defects on the surface of the barrel joint, the tool is easily broken by impact, poor heat dissipation is easy to cause the phenomenon of tool-swarf bonding, and the blades used in turning and milling processing cannot be used for each other. . There are four straight cutting edges on the rake face, an arc-shaped transition edge is set between the two straight edges, four triangular bosses are set on the diagonal position, and a hemispherical boss is set on the boss, the geometric center of the rake face platform A heat dissipation groove is set at the center to communicate with the fastening screw. A "horn" boss is arranged in the middle of the four straight cutting edges, and two hemispherical protrusions are arranged on both sides of the "horn" boss to form a chip breaker. The bottom surface of the tool is processed with a knife The bottom cooling groove communicates with the fastening screw hole. The utility model is used for turning and milling processing of large shaft forgings.

Description

High-efficiency roughing of extremely heavy-duty cutting shaft forgings "horn" turning and milling inserts

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of cutting tools for turning and milling of large and difficult-to-machine shaft forgings, and in particular relates to a dual-purpose cutting tool for high-efficiency rough machining of extremely heavy-duty cutting shaft forgings.

Background technique

The blank of the large hydrogenation cylinder section is directly forged, and the weight can reach more than 500 tons. There are many forging defects on the surface to be processed, such as: forging shovels, folds, cracks and metal coverings, etc.; the material of the hydrogenation cylinder section is relatively special , has strong high-temperature toughness; at present, turning and milling are required for hydrogenation cylinder cutting, the material removal rate can reach 50%, and the back cutting amount can reach more than 30mm. The cutting amount caused by forging defects in the processing process changes very much Large, the tool is subjected to dynamic mechanical impact at all times, and the cutting force can reach up to about 10 tons. The tool is easily broken by the impact. In addition, the current tool does not have a chip breaker, which makes it difficult to break the chips during processing. The chips are entangled in the On the cutting tool, it affects the quality of the machined surface and makes the heat dissipation condition of the cutting tool worse, which leads to a continuous increase in the temperature of the cutting area (up to 800 ° C); a large amount of cutting heat accumulates in the cutting area, which accelerates the softening of the cutting tool, which is easy to cause The cutting edge of the tool and the chip produce a tool-chip bonding phenomenon, the tool life is low, and the improvement of production efficiency is seriously restricted; in addition, the blades used in the turning and milling of extremely heavy-duty cutting shaft forgings are different in structure and function. They are the same, cannot be used mutually, and have the problems of single function, narrow application range and poor versatility.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dual-purpose blade for high-efficiency rough machining of extremely heavy-duty cutting shaft forgings, "ox horn" turning and milling inserts, so as to solve the difficulty of breaking large chips during the current processing of extremely heavy-duty shaft forgings with hydrogenation cylinders. , The tool-chip friction is large, resulting in serious tool wear, poor heat dissipation conditions during the cutting process, high temperature softens the tool body, resulting in tool-chip bonding, and the problem that the inserts used in turning and milling cannot be used interchangeably.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: high-efficiency rough machining of "ox horn" dual-purpose turning and milling blades for extremely heavy-duty cutting cylinder section forgings. The area is smaller than the area of the rake face of the blade, and four straight cutting edges are processed on the four outer edges of the rake face of the blade, and a circular arc-shaped transition edge is provided at the tip of each adjacent two straight cutting edges. Every two adjacent linear cutting edges are connected by a circular arc-shaped transition edge. The middle part of the rake face of the blade is provided with a cooling groove that communicates with the counterbore of the fastening screw. The surrounding of the cooling groove is a square raised platform. There are four sets of triangular bosses on the corner line, and there are hemispherical bosses on the triangular bosses. Each group of triangular bosses is composed of a triangular boss and a hemispherical boss. The triangular bosses are arranged on the diagonal of the raised platform. On the top, the tips of the four triangular bosses are all set towards the direction of the arc-shaped transition edge. There are two hemispherical bosses at both ends of the triangular bosses, and four sets of middle bosses are arranged in the middle of the four side cutting edges. The middle bosses of the group are set close to the corresponding straight cutting edge, and each group of middle bosses is composed of two "horn" bosses, and the two arc-shaped bosses are symmetrically arranged on the middle boss with respect to the center line of the middle boss. Both sides of the two arc-shaped "horn" bosses and the top of the middle boss are set outward, and the two ends of the middle boss are respectively connected with one end of one of the "horn" bosses. Two hemispherical protrusions are set on both sides of the table to form a chip breaker, and the adjacent sides are all slopes inclined towards the bottom face of the insert. The raised platform is located at the geometric center of the insert and processed with fastening screws along the thickness of the insert. Counterbore, the four diagonal lines and the center line of the raised platform are processed with rake surface cooling grooves communicating with the counterbore holes of the fastening screws. There is a square boss at the geometric center of the bottom surface of the blade that communicates with the counterbore holes of the fastening screws. The four centerlines are processed with heat dissipation grooves at the bottom of the knife, and the heat dissipation grooves surround the square boss.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. The shape of the blade is a square truss shape, and is provided with four cutting edges, which are three more cutting edges than the existing heavy-duty blades for rough processing; the number of cutting edges is four times that of the present, and the service life It will be doubled, theoretically it can be four times the current; 2. Every two adjacent straight cutting edges are connected by a circular transition edge, which can not only improve the strength of the tool tip, but also improve the impact resistance of the tool, and at the same time Make cutting stable and reduce vibration; 3. Four sets of triangular bosses are set near the arc-shaped transition edge, which act as reinforcing ribs and improve the impact resistance of the tool tip. The hemispherical boss above the triangular boss reduces large The friction of the chips against the rake corner of the cutting edge reduces the contact area between the tool and chips, and at the same time reduces the curling radius of the chips, which plays the role of chip breaking; 4. There are four sets of central bosses in the middle of the straight cutting edge , and the four sets of central bosses are set close to the cutting edge, which act as reinforcing ribs, reduce the contact area of the knife-chips, and increase the effective heat dissipation area; in addition, the chips are blocked to prevent large chips from curling up and flowing out. 5. The cooling groove on the rake face is set up, which increases the heat dissipation area of the rake face, facilitates the circulation of air, and facilitates the rapid cooling of the blade; when cutting fluid is used, it can conduct volumetric drainage of the cutting fluid, Make the cutting fluid take away the heat on the rake face and the fastening screw in time, and play a great cooling and lubricating effect; The curling radius of the small chip reduces the contact time and area between the chip and the tool, so that most of the cutting heat will be taken away by the chip, thus playing a great role in cooling and lubrication; if there is coolant, the chip breaker on the rake face will also Acts as a volumetric coolant for rapid blade cooling. And because the chip breaker on the rake face is a three-dimensional structure, it plays a good role in guiding and curling the chips, so that the chips with high toughness will be greatly curled and deformed under the action of the curling force, and finally broken; 7 . The bottom knife surface is used as the supporting convex surface of the tool, which can effectively prevent vibration and improve the cutting stability; 8. The bottom of the knife surface is designed with a cooling groove, mainly to protect the tool holder (turning) and the cutter head (milling) and to dissipate heat. The existence of the groove allows air to circulate in the contact area between the blade and the tool holder (or cutter head), which acts as a cooling effect, and also reduces the contact area between the blade and the cutter holder (or cutter head); when using cutting fluid, it can The cutting fluid is volumetrically drained, so that the cutting fluid can take away the heat on the bottom of the blade, the cutter bar (or cutter head) and the fastening screw in time, so that it is fully protected; 9. The blade of the present invention can be used for both turning and milling, and has The feature of strong practicability, the tool has strong impact resistance, and it is not easy to be cut back by the workpiece during the cutting process.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the extremely heavy-duty cutting shaft forgings of the present invention for high-efficiency rough machining "ox horn" dual-purpose turning and milling inserts, Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is Fig. 2 Figure 5 is a B-B sectional view of Figure 4; straight cutting edge 1, arc-shaped transition edge 2, fastening screw counterbore 3, raised platform 4, triangular boss 5, hemispherical protrusion 6, hemispherical convex 7, arc-shaped "horn" boss 8, chip breaker 9, rake face cooling groove 10, knife bottom cooling groove 11, blade bottom surface 12.

detailed description

Specific Embodiment 1: As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the extremely heavy-duty cutting shaft forgings of this embodiment are used for efficient roughing of the "ox horn" dual-purpose turning and milling blade. The area of the base cutter face is smaller than the area of the rake face of the insert; it is characterized in that four straight cutting edges 1 are respectively processed on the four outer edges of the rake face of the insert, and the knife between every two adjacent straight cutting edges 1 The tip is provided with a circular arc-shaped transition edge 2, and every two adjacent linear cutting edges 1 are connected by a circular arc-shaped transition edge 2, and the middle part of the rake face of the blade is provided with a raised platform 4 in the shape of a square truss. The four corners of the raised platform 4 are provided with four groups of triangular bosses, each group of triangular bosses is composed of a triangular boss 5 and a hemispherical boss 6, the triangular boss is arranged on the diagonal of the blade, the hemispherical Protrusions 7 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of triangular boss 5 with respect to the center line of triangular boss 5, and the tips of triangular boss 5 are all arranged towards the direction of arc-shaped transition edge 2, and four sets of The central bosses, each group of central bosses are set close to the corresponding straight cutting edge 1, each group of middle bosses is composed of two arc-shaped "horn" bosses 8 and one middle boss, two arc-shaped bosses The platform 8 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the middle boss with respect to the central line of the middle boss, and the tops of the two arc-shaped bosses 8 and the middle boss are all arranged inwardly, and the two ends of the middle boss are respectively connected with one of the One end of the arc-shaped "ox horn" boss 8 is connected, and two hemispherical protrusions 7 are arranged on both sides of the "ox horn" boss 8 to form a chip breaker 9. The raised platform 4 is located at the geometric center of the blade along the thickness direction of the blade. The fastening screw counterbore 3 is processed, and the four diagonals of the raised platform 4 are processed with the rake surface cooling groove 10 communicating with the fastening screw counterbore 3, and there is a square boss at the geometric center of the bottom surface of the blade and the tight The fixing screw counterbore 3 communicates, and four knife bottom cooling grooves 11 are processed on the four centerlines of the bottom surface, and the cooling grooves surround the square boss; specific embodiment two: with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, the present embodiment describes The thickness of the blade is S = 12 mm, which meets the strength requirements. The undisclosed technical features in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1; Embodiment 3: In conjunction with Fig. 1 , the relief angle of the blade described in this embodiment is α ₀ =6 °; meet the design requirements. Undisclosed technical features in this embodiment are the same as specific embodiment two; specific embodiment four: the rake angle=7 ° of the blade described in this embodiment; The specific implementation manners are three the same;

Specific embodiment five: the blade inclination angle of the blade described in this embodiment is 0°; the undisclosed technical features in this embodiment are the same as those in specific embodiment four; specific embodiment six: with reference to Fig. 2 The radius of the arc-shaped transition edge 6 is about 8mm; the large arc design is selected to improve the strength of the tool tip and the impact resistance of the tool, and at the same time make the cutting stable and reduce the vibration; the undisclosed technical characteristics and specific implementation methods in this embodiment Four are the same; when the extremely heavy-duty cutting shaft forgings of the present invention are used for high-efficiency rough machining "ox horns" turning and milling dual-purpose blades, the entire blade is fixed on the turning tool holder (or milling cutter head) by fastening screws; extreme Heavy-duty cutting shaft forgings generally refer to the processing of large cylindrical workpieces or thick-walled barrel materials under high temperature and high pressure environments. The impact is relatively serious, so the standard requirements for the tool are high; the cutting process is difficult, mainly in the huge cutting force (up to about 10t), high cutting temperature (up to 800°C in actual processing), high toughness of the material, and fracture Chips are difficult, the tool life is short, and the production efficiency is low; the designed tool is resistant to high temperature, high in strength, and strong in impact resistance, which can improve processing efficiency.

Claims (6)

1. An extremely heavy-duty cutting shaft forgings for high-efficiency rough machining "ox horn" dual-purpose turning and milling inserts. The shape of the insert is a square truss shape, and the area of the bottom face of the insert is smaller than the area of the rake face of the insert. It is characterized in that four straight cutting edges (1) are respectively processed on the four outer edges of the rake face of the insert, and a circular arc-shaped transition edge ( 2), every two adjacent linear cutting edges (1) are connected by a circular arc-shaped transition edge (2), and the middle part of the rake face of the blade is provided with a raised platform (4) in the shape of a square truss. Four sets of triangular bosses are arranged at each corner, and there is a hemispherical boss on each group of triangular bosses. Two hemispherical protrusions (7) are symmetrically distributed on both ends of (5), and four sets of central bosses are arranged in the middle of the four sides of the raised platform (4), and each set of middle bosses is close to the corresponding straight line. The cutting edge (1) is set, and each group of middle bosses is composed of an arc-shaped "horn" boss (8), and two arc-shaped bosses are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the middle boss with respect to the center line of the middle boss. On the side, the tops of the two arc-shaped bosses and the middle boss are set inward, and two hemispherical bosses (7) are set on both sides of the "horn" boss (8) to form a chip breaker (9). The lifting platform (4) is located at the geometric center of the blade and is processed with fastening screw counterbores (3) along the thickness direction of the blade, and the four diagonals of the raised platform (4) are processed with fastening screw counterbores (3) Connected rake face cooling grooves (10), a square boss at the geometric center of the bottom surface of the blade communicates with the fastening screw counterbore (3), and four bottom cooling grooves (11) are processed on the four centerlines of the bottom surface for heat dissipation The groove surrounds the square boss. 2. According to claim 1, the "ox horn" dual-purpose turning and milling blade for high-efficiency rough machining of extremely heavy-duty cutting shaft forgings, characterized in that: the thickness of the blade is S = 12mm. 3. According to claim 2, the "ox horn" dual-purpose turning and milling insert for high-efficiency rough machining of extremely heavy-duty cutting shaft forgings is characterized in that: the relief angle of the insert is α ₀ =6°. 4. According to claim 3, the "ox horn" dual-purpose turning and milling insert for efficient rough machining of extremely heavy-duty cutting shaft forgings is characterized in that: the rake angle of the insert is 7°. 5. According to claim 4, the "ox horn" dual-purpose turning and milling blade for efficient rough machining of extremely heavy-duty cutting shaft forgings, characterized in that: the blade inclination angle of the blade is 0°. 6. According to claim 4, the extremely heavy-duty cutting shaft forgings for high-efficiency rough machining "ox horn" turning and milling insert, characterized in that: the radius of the arc-shaped transition edge (2) is about 8mm.