CN205619583U - Solar drying device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of drying technology. In order to solve the problem that the current solar drying device used for drying agricultural products or Chinese medicinal materials does not fully utilize solar energy and the drying effect is not good, the utility model proposes a solar drying device, which includes a drying room and a solar collector. The three side walls of the drying room are all glass, the other side wall of the drying room is a heat storage wall, the heat storage wall is a hollow structure, heat storage materials are distributed in the heat storage wall, and the heat storage wall is connected with Heat storage outlet valve; the outlet of the air cleaner is connected with the hot air valve, the solar heat collector and the air inlet of the drying room in turn, and the outlet of the air cleaner is also connected with the night valve, the heat storage wall and the air of the drying room The entrances are connected sequentially. The solar drying device of the utility model has high heat exchange efficiency and good heat exchange effect, improves the drying effect, can operate continuously in daytime, nighttime and rainy weather, and can fully utilize solar energy.

Description

A solar drying device

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of drying technology, in particular to a solar drying device.

Background technique

Drying is a high-energy-consuming operation. According to statistics, in developed countries such as France, the United States, and Sweden, as much as 12% of industrial energy consumption is used for drying processes. In my country, the energy consumption of drying operations accounts for about 10% of the total energy consumption. %. Among all kinds of industrial drying energy consumption, the energy consumption of drying agricultural products ranks second only to the paper industry. Therefore, how to obtain high-quality drying products with low energy consumption and low cost has become the current drying industry for agricultural products and Chinese medicinal materials. The problem that needs to be solved urgently is also an important challenge in the research and development of drying technology, and it is also an inevitable requirement for establishing a resource-saving society.

Taking fresh lilies as an example, two methods are usually used for drying fresh lilies at present. One is natural drying. Use other drying methods. The other is the method of drying in the drying room. The hot air is provided by a coal-fired hot air stove, and the hot air is sent into the drying room by a blower. There are many problems in the above two methods, for example, the natural drying method has a long operation cycle and is easily affected by rainy weather, and fresh lilies are prone to rot and browning, which affects the quality and grade of dried lilies; Disadvantages such as large energy consumption, large fluctuations in drying temperature, unsatisfactory color of dried lilies, and air pollution caused by soot.

Northwest China is rich in solar energy resources, such as Lanzhou, which is located between 102°30"-104°30" east longitude and 35°5"-38° north latitude. The total radiation amount is 4200-5400MJ/m ² , the average annual sunshine hours are 2446h, and the solar energy resources are abundant. It is very suitable for the drying and processing of agricultural products or Chinese medicinal materials using solar energy.

Solar drying is an energy-saving and clean drying technology. By directly using solar collectors to heat the air, the temperature and humidity of the air reach a certain state value, and then the hot air convection is generated under the action of the fan to dry the materials (agricultural products or Chinese medicinal materials). However, the current solar drying device does not fully utilize solar energy, and the drying effect is not good and cannot be continuously dried.

Utility model content

In order to solve the problem that the current solar drying device does not fully utilize solar energy, the drying effect is not good and cannot be dried continuously, the utility model proposes a solar drying device, which includes a drying room and a solar collector. The drying room has three The side walls are all glass, and the other side wall of the drying room is a heat storage wall, the heat storage wall is a hollow structure, heat storage materials are distributed in the heat storage wall, and the heat storage wall is connected with a heat storage outlet Valve; the drying room is provided with a hot air valve, a night valve and a fan, and the outlet of the fan is connected with the hot air valve, the solar heat collector and the air inlet of the drying room in sequence, and the outlet of the fan is connected in turn with the air inlet of the drying room. The outlet is also sequentially connected with the night valve, the heat storage wall and the air inlet of the drying room, the outlet of the solar heat collector is connected with the heat storage wall, and the outlet of the solar heat collector is connected with the air inlet of the drying room. A heat storage valve is arranged on the connecting pipeline of the heat storage wall.

Wherein, the solar heat collector includes a top plate, a bottom plate and a heat collecting plate, the top plate is made of glass, and several heat collecting plates are arranged obliquely between the top plate and the bottom plate, and the surface of the heat collecting plate is coated with matte Black paint, the heat collecting plate is provided with several flow holes, the outside air flows in from the inlet of the solar heat collector, then flows along the flow holes to pass through the heat collecting plate, and then from the The outlet of the solar collector flows out.

Wherein, two adjacent heat collecting plates form a V-shaped groove.

Wherein, for a V-shaped groove, the radius of the flow hole on the heat collecting plate near the inlet of the solar heat collector is greater than the radius of the flow hole on the heat collecting plate near the outlet of the solar heat collector.

Wherein, an air cleaner is also included, the inlet of the air cleaner is connected to the outlet of the fan, and the outlet of the air cleaner is connected to the hot air valve and the night valve respectively.

Wherein, it also includes a solar cell panel, the fan is a DC fan, and the solar cell panel is connected with the fan to provide electric energy for the fan to work.

Wherein, it also includes an outside air valve, the inlet of the outside air valve is connected with the outlet of the fan, and the outlet of the outside air valve is connected with the air inlet of the drying room.

Wherein, a three-way valve is also included, and the three ports of the three-way valve are respectively communicated with the air outlet of the drying room, the heat storage wall and the external environment.

Wherein, the heat storage materials are pebbles, fine sand, copper, iron and/or paraffin, and are distributed at intervals from the heat storage materials.

Wherein, the solar heat collector is located on the top of the drying room on a side close to the heat storage wall, and the solar panel is located on the top of the drying room on a side away from the heat storage wall.

The utility model solar drying device has the following beneficial effects:

The solar drying device of the utility model includes a solar heat collector, the air flows along the flow holes to pass through the heat collecting plate, and heat exchange occurs between the air and the heat collecting plate, and the flow holes on the heat collecting plate greatly increase the distance between the air and the heat collecting plate The contact area and contact time greatly increase the heat exchange effect, and the air flow flows through the flow holes, the turbulence of the air flow increases, and the heat exchange efficiency is higher. The two adjacent heat collecting plates of the solar collector form a V-shaped groove, so that the direct solar radiation injected into the V-shaped groove can leave the V-shaped groove after multiple reflections, and the absorption of solar radiation by the heat collecting plate is greatly increased. At the same time, because the heat collecting plate is inclined, the contact area and contact time between the air and the heat collecting plate are greatly increased, thereby greatly increasing the heat transfer coefficient, and the temperature of the outside air is higher after passing through the solar heat collector. The heat storage wall of the utility model can store and recycle solar heat, and realize the continuous operation of the solar drying device of the utility model in daytime, night and rainy weather. The solar drying device of the utility model can absorb more solar energy, utilize the solar energy more fully, and improve the drying effect.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the principle of the utility model solar drying device;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the utility model solar drying device;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the solar collector of the utility model solar drying device;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view along the direction of Fig. 3A-A;

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of part B of FIG. 3 .

detailed description

Introduce the technical scheme of the utility model below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

As shown in Figure 1-2, the utility model solar drying device comprises a drying room 20 and a solar heat collector 16, and the three side walls 23, 24 and 25 of the drying room 20 are all glass, so that sunlight can irradiate into the drying room 20, to increase the temperature in the drying room 20, the other side wall of the drying room 20 is a heat storage wall 21, the heat storage wall 21 is a hollow structure, and heat storage materials are distributed in the heat storage wall 21, and the heat storage wall 21 A heat storage outlet valve 19 is connected, wherein the three side walls of the drying room 20 can be single-layer glass or double-layer glass, and when double-layer glass is used, the heat preservation effect is better, and the distance between the double-layer glass can be 0.6 -1.5cm. The heat storage material in the heat storage wall 21 can be pebbles, fine sand, copper, iron and/or paraffin, and different heat storage materials are distributed in the heat storage wall 21 at intervals. When using the solar drying device of the present utility model, the heat storage wall 21 of the drying room 20 faces north, and the remaining three side walls of the drying room 20 face east, west and south respectively to receive more solar energy. A drying material rack (not shown) is placed in the solar drying device of the utility model, and an operator can place agricultural products or Chinese medicinal materials on the drying material rack for heating and drying. The drying room 20 is also provided with a door 22 for operators to enter and exit. The utility model solar drying device also includes a three-way valve 18, the three-way valve 18 includes three ports a, b, and c, the a port is connected to the heat storage wall 21, the c port is connected to the air outlet of the drying room 20, and the b port Connect with the external environment.

Drying room 20 is provided with hot air valve 13, night valve 15, fan 11 and air cleaner 12, and hot air valve 13, night valve 15, fan 11 and air cleaner 12 can be positioned at the inside of drying room 20, also can be positioned at The exterior of the drying room 20 . Fan 11 is connected with the inlet of air cleaner 12, and the outlet of air cleaner 12 is connected with the air inlet of hot air valve 13, solar heat collector 16 and drying room 20 successively, and the outlet of air cleaner 12 is also connected with night valve 15, The heat storage wall 21 and the air inlet of the drying room 20 are connected sequentially; the outlet of the solar heat collector 16 is connected with the heat storage wall 21, and a heat storage valve is provided on the connecting pipeline between the outlet of the solar heat collector 16 and the heat storage wall 21 17.

Below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 introduce the using method of the solar drying device of the present utility model, when daytime is sunny, close night valve 15, open hot air valve 13, the c port of three-way valve 18 communicates with b port, the outside air is blown by fan like this 11 Inhale the air cleaner 12, the air cleaner 12 is used to filter the floating and sinking particles in the outside air, so as to avoid polluting the drying materials, and then the outside air flows into the drying room 20 through the hot air valve 13 and the solar heat collector 16, wherein, the outside air When the air flows through the solar heat collector 16, the solar heat absorbed by the solar heat collector 16 performs heat exchange with the outside air, so that the temperature of the outside air rises to become hot air, and the hot air flows into the drying room 20 to heat and dry the materials, and the heat The air becomes moist air after drying the material, and the moist air is discharged from the air outlet of the drying room 20 through the c port and the b port of the three-way valve 18. When the sun is sufficient during the day, the temperature of the air flowing through the solar heat collector 16 is relatively high. At this time, the heat storage valve 17 and the heat storage outlet valve 19 are opened, so that a part of the hot air flowing out from the solar heat collector 16 passes through the heat storage valve 17 1. The heat storage wall 21 and the heat storage outlet valve 19 flow to the outside. When the hot air flows through the heat storage wall 21, it exchanges heat with the heat storage material in the heat storage wall 21, and the temperature of the heat storage material rises to store heat. In addition, if the temperature of the humid air flowing out from the air outlet of the drying room 20 is also high, the c port and the b port of the three-way valve 18 can be closed, and the c port and the a port can be opened, so that the air flowing out from the drying room 20 can pass through three The c port and a port of the valve 18, the heat storage wall 21 and the heat storage outlet valve 19 flow to the outside, and when the humid air with high temperature flows through the heat storage wall 21, it will exchange heat with the heat storage material, and the heat storage The temperature of the material rises, which realizes the recovery of heat.

At night or in rainy weather, close the hot air valve 13, open the night valve 15 and the heat storage valve 17, the c port of the three-way valve 18 is connected with the b port, and the outside air passes through the blower fan 11, the air cleaner 12, the night valve 15, the storage The heat wall 21 and the heat storage valve 17 flow into the drying room 20, wherein, when the outside air flows through the heat storage wall 21, heat exchange occurs with the heat storage material, the temperature of the outside air rises, and the air with a higher temperature flows into the drying room 20 On the one hand, the material can be heated and dried, on the other hand, it can prevent the cold air from causing the temperature in the drying room 20 to drop sharply, and the hot air condenses on the inner wall of the drying room 20 to make the material regain moisture. The heat is stored and recovered through the heat storage wall 21, realizing the continuous operation of the solar drying device of the present utility model in daytime, nighttime or rainy weather.

As shown in Figures 3-4, the solar heat collector 16 is a rectangular structure, including a top plate 163, a bottom plate 164 and a heat collecting plate 162. The top plate 163 of the solar heat collector 16 is glass, and the top plate 163 can be single-layer glass or Double-layer glass, double-layer glass is preferably used, because double-layer glass is more conducive to heat insulation and prevents dust from entering the solar heat collector 16, so as to keep the inside of the solar heat collector 16 clean and hygienic. Between the top plate 163 and the bottom plate 164 of the solar heat collector 16, several heat collecting plates 162 are arranged obliquely. The surfaces of the heat collecting plates 162 are coated with matte black paint. Irradiated on the heat collecting plate 162, the heat collecting plate 162 absorbs the heat of the solar energy. As shown in FIG. 5 , several flow holes 166 are provided on the heat collecting plate 162 . Outside air flows in from the inlet 161 of the solar heat collector 16, then flows along the flow hole 166 to pass through the heat collecting plate 162, and then flows out from the outlet 165 of the solar heat collector 16, wherein the heat collecting plate 162 can absorb solar heat, When the air passes through the heat collecting plate 162, it exchanges heat with the heat collecting plate 162, so that the temperature of the air rises and becomes hot air. On the one hand, the air flows along the flow holes 166, greatly increasing the contact area and contact time between the air and the heat collecting plate 162 , thereby greatly increasing the heat exchange effect. On the other hand, the air flow flows through the flow holes 166, the turbulence of the air flow increases, and the heat exchange efficiency is higher. As shown in Figure 5, preferably, for a V-shaped groove, the radius of the flow hole 166 on the heat collecting plate 162 near the solar heat collector 16 inlet is greater than the flow on the heat collecting plate 162 near the solar heat collector 16 outlet The radius of the hole 166 is such that when the air flows through a V-shaped groove, it flows in from the larger flow hole 166 and flows out from the smaller flow hole 166, which increases the time of the air in the heat collecting plate 162, thereby increasing the heat transfer Effect.

As shown in Figure 3-4, two adjacent heat collector plates 162 form a V-shaped groove, so that the direct solar radiation injected into the V-shaped groove can leave the V-shaped groove after multiple reflections. The absorption of radiation is greatly increased, and at the same time, the contact area and contact time between the air and the heat collecting plate 162 are also greatly increased, thereby greatly increasing the heat transfer coefficient. Preferably, the angle θ between two adjacent heat collecting plates 162 is 90 degrees, so that the heat exchange efficiency is higher. The bottom plate 164 and the surrounding side plates 168 of the solar heat collector 16 are made of thermal insulation materials, such as polystyrene.

As shown in Figure 1-2, the utility model solar drying device also includes a solar cell panel 10, the solar cell panel 10 is located at the top of the drying room 20, the fan 11 is a direct current fan, and the solar cell panel 10 is connected with the fan 11 to form a fan 11 The work provides electric energy, and the solar panel 10 can also provide electric energy for the operation of lighting facilities in the drying room 20 and various control instruments. The solar heat collector 16 is positioned at the top of the drying room 20, and the solar heat collector 16 is installed obliquely on the top of the drying room 20, for example, the angle between the solar heat collector 16 and the horizontal plane is 41-45 degrees, and the solar heat collector 16 The roof 163 faces due south for maximum solar reception. Preferably, a ladder (not shown) is provided on the heat storage wall 21, and the solar collector 16 is positioned at a side close to the heat storage wall 21, so that the operator can climb to the top of the drying room 20 along the ladder to clean the solar energy. The top plate 163 of the heat collector 16 ; the solar panel 10 is located on the side away from the heat storage wall 21 . Because the hot air is lighter and the moist air is heavier, the air inlet of the drying room 20 is located at the top of the drying room 20, and the air outlet of the drying room 20 is located at the bottom of the drying room 20, which facilitates the flow of hot air and moist air. Preferably, an air distributor (not shown) is provided in the drying room 20, and the hot air flowing out from the solar collector 16 or the heat storage wall 21 flows into the drying room 20 through the air distributor, so that the hot air can be uniformly Flow into the drying room 20.

Preferably, as shown in Figure 1, the utility model solar drying device also includes an outside air valve 14, the inlet of the outside air valve 14 is connected with the outlet of the air purifier 12, and the outlet of the outside air valve 14 is connected with the air inlet of the drying room 20 Connect, when the temperature in drying room 20 will be reduced like this, night valve 15 and hot air valve 13 are closed, outside air valve 14 is opened and just can directly pass into outside air in drying room 20.

Claims (10)

1. a solar drying apparatus, it is characterised in that include drying shed and solar thermal collector, this is dried Three sidewalls in room are glass, and another sidewall of this drying shed is heat accumulation wall, and described heat accumulation wall is Hollow structure, is distributed heat accumulating in described heat accumulation wall, described heat accumulation wall connects heat accumulation outlet valve Door；Described drying shed is provided with hot-air valve, valve at night and blower fan, the outlet of described blower fan and institute The air intake stating hot-air valve, described solar thermal collector and described drying shed is sequentially connected with, institute State the outlet of the blower fan air intake also with valve at described night, described heat accumulation wall and described drying shed to depend on Secondary connection, the outlet of described solar thermal collector connects with described heat accumulation wall, and described solar energy heating The outlet of device is provided with heat accumulation valve with the connecting line of described heat accumulation wall.

Solar drying apparatus the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described solar thermal collector Including top board, base plate and collecting plate, described top board is glass, tilts to set between described top board and base plate Several collecting plates, the surface of described collecting plate is had to scribble Berlin black, if described collecting plate is provided with Dry flow orifice, outside air flows into from the entrance of described solar thermal collector, then along described stream The flowing of dynamic hole is with through described collecting plate, then flows out from the outlet of described solar thermal collector.

Solar drying apparatus the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that adjacent two described thermal-arrests Plate composition V-groove.

Solar drying apparatus the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that for a V-groove, Near described solar thermal collector entrance collecting plate on flow orifice radius more than near described too The radius of the flow orifice on the collecting plate of sun energy heat collector outlet.

5. according to the solar drying apparatus according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that also include Air purifier, the entrance of described air purifier is connected with the outlet of described blower fan, and described air is clean The outlet changing device is connected with described hot-air valve and valve at night respectively.

6. according to the solar drying apparatus according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that also include Solar panel, described blower fan is DC fan, and described solar panel is connected with described blower fan, Electric energy is provided for the work of described blower fan.

7. according to the solar drying apparatus according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that also include Outside air valve, the entrance of described outside air valve is connected with the outlet of described blower fan, described outside The outlet of boundary's air door is connected with the air intake of described drying shed.

8. according to the solar drying apparatus according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that also include Three-way valve, three ports of described three-way valve respectively with the air outlet slit of described drying shed, described Heat accumulation wall connects with external environment.

9. according to the solar drying apparatus according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that described storage Hot material is cobblestone, fine sand grain, copper, ferrum and/or paraffin, and different described heat accumulating interval Distribution.

10. according to the solar drying apparatus according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that described too Sun can be positioned at the top of described drying shed near the side of described heat accumulation wall, described solar-electricity by heat collector Pond plate is positioned at the side away from described heat accumulation wall, the top of described drying shed.