CN205510721U - Combined deep -loosing soil -working machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a combined subsoiling machine, which is characterized in that it includes a frame, an omnidirectional subsoiling device and a plowing device, and the plowing device is arranged in front of the omnidirectional subsoiling device; , upper suspension plate, lower suspension plate, crossbeam, fixed crossbeam, fixed plate, limit plate, rear beam, supporting beam, the described rear beam is provided with partial subsoiling device, and the support beam is provided with broken soil depth limiting device. The utility model first uses the plowing device to loosen the shallow layer and the cultivated soil layer, then cuts the deep soil through the omnidirectional subsoiling device, and crushes the deep soil with the local subsoiling device, and then passes the crushing The disc knife in the soil depth limiting device breaks and leveles the plowed soil. In short, according to the agronomic requirements of different crops, this design can carry out joint soil preparation or shallow plowing, single all-round subsoiling and local subsoiling, so that one machine can be used for multiple purposes, and it can reduce drag and save energy, and the operation effect is good.

Description

Combined subsoiling machine

technical field

The invention relates to a combined subsoiling machine.

Background technique

The cultivated land has been prepared by plowing or rotary tillage for a long time, resulting in thinning of the cultivated layer, compaction of the soil, increasing soil specific resistance year by year, and the need for more and more farming power. The widespread use of large-scale agricultural machinery such as high-horsepower tractors further intensifies the compaction of the soil, leading to a vicious circle, which makes the cultivated land form a thick and hard plow bottom layer. The existence of the plow stratum reduces the capacity of the plow layer and deteriorates the soil structure; it leads to more serious surface runoff and soil erosion, weakens the water storage capacity, and depletes farmland fertility; reduces soil porosity, limits the growth and development of plant roots, and reduces the stress resistance of crops , which restricts high and stable production. To fundamentally improve the soil, only through subsoiling technology. The Party Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to the role of subsoiling soil preparation technology in promoting grain production, and clearly put forward "vigorously promote mechanical subsoiling and soil preparation". The thickness of the tillage layer; the formation of rat holes, the soil can absorb more rainwater after deep loosening, establish a good "soil reservoir", increase the water holding capacity of the field, thereby reducing surface runoff, avoiding soil erosion, and improving the soil's ability to store water and moisture; improve soil Permeability, thereby improving the coordination ability of water, fertilizer, gas and heat of the soil, improving the level of soil fertility and buffering capacity, strengthening the activities of beneficial microorganisms, accelerating the mineralization and weathering of organic matter, and changing the soil structure. Enhance the soil adsorption capacity, change the physical and chemical properties of the soil, and improve the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers; loosen the deep soil, move the root-intensive area of the crop down, increase the root residue, improve the lodging resistance of the crop, and finally achieve the goal of stable and increased production.

The problems existing in the existing soil preparation machinery are: the operation depth of the traditional rotary tillage machinery is small, and the long-term shallow tillage makes the soil form a thick and hard plow layer; the traction resistance of the deep tillage machinery is too large, and a high-horsepower tractor is required Traction, excessive energy consumption, increases the economic burden of farmers. On the other hand, deep plowing machinery will plow the deep soil to the surface layer, destroying the original soil plow layer structure, which is not conducive to crop growth. According to the nature of the operation, mechanized subsoiling can be divided into two modes: omnidirectional subsoiling and partial subsoiling. However, all-round subsoiling has a large amount of disturbance to the soil, and there is a large amount of water evaporation. During the subsoiling process, such as working resistance Large, excessive energy consumption; local subsoiling has little disturbance to the soil, but subsoiling operation is difficult to ensure that the soil after subsoiling meets the requirements of flat surface, finely divided soil, and consistent plowing depth.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a method that can effectively reduce the traction resistance of the soil preparation machinery, reduce energy consumption, and ensure consistent plowing depth; break the bottom of the plow under the premise of ensuring a small amount of soil disturbance, and complete shallow plowing at one time. , subsoiling, crushing, suppression and other operations, and achieve good soil loosening effect, easy to disassemble and replace the combined subsoiling and soil preparation machine.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The present invention is characterized in that it includes a frame, an omnidirectional subsoiling device and a plowing device. The frame described above is composed of a front beam, an upper suspension plate, a lower suspension plate, a beam, a fixed beam, a fixed plate, a limit plate, a rear beam, and a support beam, and the lower end surface of the upper suspension plate is connected with the upper end surface of the front beam and the upper end surface of the fixed beam. , the lower suspension plate hugs and connects the front beam, the front end of the beam is connected to the inner side of the front beam, the lower end of the fixed plate is connected to the upper end of the beam, the front end of the support beam is connected to the fixed plate, the inner side of the limit plate is connected to the outer side of the support beam, the upper end of the rear beam is connected to the limit The front end of the rear beam is connected with the rear end of the beam; the omnidirectional subsoiling device is composed of a locking connector, an omnidirectional subsoiling handle, an omnidirectional subsoiling shovel, and an omnidirectional subsoiling shovel tip, and the locking connection The upper end of the omnidirectional subsoiling handle is connected to the lower end of the locking connector, and the omnidirectional subsoiling shovel is connected to the inner side of the omnidirectional subsoiling handle. tip; the tillage device is composed of a tiller handle and a tiller, the tiller is connected with the tiller handle, and the upper end of the tiller handle is connected with a locking connector; the rear beam is provided with a partial deep Loosening device, the broken soil depth limiting device is arranged behind the support beam.

The above-mentioned local subsoiling device is composed of a locking groove, a subsoiling shovel handle, a subsoiling shovel wing, and a subsoiling shovel tip. The locking groove is connected with the rear beam of the frame, and the subsoiling shovel wings are arranged on both sides of the subsoiling shovel handle. , There is a subsoiling shovel tip in front of the subsoiling shovel wing.

The above-mentioned broken soil depth limiting device is composed of a connecting arm, a fixed clip, a connecting beam, a vibrating part, a ground wheel, a drum shaft, a drum baffle, a drum, and a disc knife. The lower end surface of the connecting arm is connected to the outer end surface of the fixed clip. , the inner end surface of the fixed clip hugs the connecting beam and connects, the vibrating part is set between the connecting beam and the rolling shaft, ground wheels are arranged on both sides of the rolling shaft, the drum baffle is connected to the drum shaft, and the inner surface of the drum is connected to the drum baffle, A disc knife is provided on the outer surface of the drum; the vibrating part is composed of a spring end cover, a hydraulic cylinder, a spring, and a hydraulic rod. The internal thread of the spring end cover is connected with the external thread of the cylinder wall of the hydraulic cylinder, the lower end surface of the spring is connected with the hydraulic rod, and the hydraulic rod is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder.

In the present invention, firstly, the plowing device is used to loosen the shallow layer and the cultivated soil layer, so as to ensure that the bottom soil layer and the surface mature soil layer are not mixed with each other under the condition of small disturbance to the soil, and the original soil layer is not affected. structure and crop cultivation;

Then the deep soil is cut by the omnidirectional subsoiling device, and the deep soil is broken by the partial subsoiling device. The omnidirectional subsoiling shovel handle of the omnidirectional subsoiling device is designed as a circular arc, and its curvature is deeper than that of the traditional omnidirectional subsoiling device. The handle of the loosening shovel is small, and this design can greatly reduce the resistance of the all-round subsoiling shovel. In addition, the deep soil is plowed step by step through the all-round subsoiling shovel and the local subsoiling shovel, which can also effectively reduce the impact of subsoiling. The traction resistance of the tool during operation reduces energy consumption and prevents the deep soil from being disturbed to the soil surface; finally, the plowed soil is broken and leveled by the disc knife in the soil breaking depth limit device, and the rotation is completed at one time. Plowing, subsoiling, crushing, leveling and other operations, to ensure that the soil after site preparation is level, the soil is finely broken, and the plowing depth is consistent. Among them, the vibrating parts in the broken soil depth limiting device can, on the one hand, enable the drum to better contact the ground to ensure the quality of the land preparation operation, and on the other hand, ensure the profiling of the ground wheel and the ground to ensure the consistency of the plowing depth. At the same time, by adjusting the connection length between the internal thread on the spring upper end cover and the external thread of the pipe wall of the telescopic tube, the height of the disc cutter and the ground wheel can be adjusted at the same time, and then the depth of crushed soil can be adjusted; The components are easy to disassemble and assemble. On the one hand, by changing the number, spacing and combination of subsoiling components, the soil subsoiling depth, subsoiling row interval and subsoiling row number are easy to adjust, and are suitable for soil cultivation in different growth periods of crops. ; On the other hand, it is also convenient for transportation, maintenance and replacement of various devices and parts. In addition, the plowing device, all-round subsoiling device, local subsoiling device and crushed soil depth limiting device can be disassembled. Therefore, according to the agronomic requirements of different crops, this design can carry out a single all-round subsoiling operation, local subsoiling operation, shallow plowing operation and joint land preparation operation, realizing one machine with multiple functions.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the side view of Fig. 1, and the ground wheel is not drawn among the figure;

Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the middle frame of Figure 1;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the omnidirectional subsoiling device in Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is the broken soil depth limiting device of Fig. 2, and the connecting arm on the right side among the figure, fixed clip and ground wheel are drawn;

Fig. 6 is the vibrating part in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the vibrating part in Fig. 6 .

In the figure: 1 is the locking groove, 2 is the subsoiling shovel handle, 3 is the frame, 31 is the front beam, 32 is the upper suspension plate, 33 is the lower suspension plate, 34 is the beam, 35 is the fixed plate, 36 37 is a limit plate, 38 is a support beam, 39 is a fixed beam, 4 is a subsoiling shovel wing, 5 is a subsoiling shovel tip, 6 is a locking connector, 7 is an all-round subsoiling handle, 8 is a All-round subsoiling shovel, 9 is all-round subsoiling shovel tip; 10 is plowing shovel, 11 is plowing shovel handle, 12 is connecting arm, 13 is fixed clip, 14 is connecting beam, 15 is spring end cover, 16 Be a hydraulic cylinder, 17 is a spring, 18 is a hydraulic rod, 19 is a ground wheel, 20 is a drum shaft, 21 is a drum baffle, 22 is a drum, and 23 is a disc cutter.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention will be described in further detail:

With reference to accompanying drawing 1～4, the present invention is characterized in that: comprise frame 3, all-round subsoiling device and plowing device, described all-round subsoiling device is located at frame 3, and described plowing device is set Before the all-round subsoiling device, the frame 3 is composed of a front beam 31, an upper suspension plate 32, a lower suspension plate 33, a crossbeam 34, a fixed beam 39, a fixed plate 35, a limit plate 37, a rear beam 36, and a support beam. 38, the lower end surface of the upper suspension plate 32 is connected with the upper end surface of the front beam 31 and the upper end surface of the fixed cross beam 39, the lower suspension plate 33 embraces the front beam 31 and is connected, and the front end surface of the cross beam 34 is connected to the inner side of the front beam 31, fixed The lower end of the plate 35 is connected to the upper end of the beam 34, the front end of the support beam 38 is connected to the fixed plate 35, the inner side of the limit plate 37 is connected to the outside of the support beam 38, the upper end of the back beam 36 is connected to the limit plate 37, and the front end of the back beam 36 is connected to the cross beam. 34 rear face connection. The omnidirectional subsoiling device is composed of a locking connector 6, an omnidirectional subsoiling handle 7, an omnidirectional subsoiling shovel 8, and an omnidirectional subsoiling shovel tip 9. The locking connector 6 embraces the frame 3 The front beam 31 is connected in parallel, the upper end of the omnidirectional subsoiling handle 7 is connected to the lower end of the locking connector 6, the omnidirectional subsoiling shovel 8 is connected to the inner side of the omnidirectional subsoiling handle 7, and the omnidirectional subsoiling shovel 8 is provided with an omnidirectional The subsoiling shovel tip 9, the all-round subsoiling shovel handle in the azimuth subsoiling device is designed as a circular arc, and its curvature is smaller than that of the traditional all-round subsoiling shovel. This design can greatly reduce the impact on the all-round subsoiling shovel. resistance; the tiller device is composed of a tiller handle 11 and a tiller handle 10, the tiller handle 10 is connected with the tiller handle 11, and the upper end of the tiller handle 11 is connected with the locking connector 6; the described The back beam 36 is provided with a partial subsoiling device, and the back of the support beam 38 is provided with a broken soil depth limiting device; 1. Subsoiling shovel tip 5 constitutes, locking groove 1 is connected with frame 3 rear beam 36, subsoiling shovel wing 4 is located at subsoiling shovel handle 2 both sides, and subsoiling shovel wing 4 front is provided with subsoiling shovel tip 5.

As shown in accompanying drawings 5 to 7, the broken soil depth limiting device is composed of a connecting arm 12, a fixed clip 13, a connecting beam 14, a vibrating part, a ground wheel 19, a drum shaft 20, a drum baffle 21, a drum 22, and a disc knife 23. The lower end surface of the connecting arm 12 is connected to the outer end surface of the fixed clip 13, and the inner end surface of the fixed clip 13 embraces the connecting beam 14 and is connected. The ground wheel 19, the drum baffle 21 is connected with the drum shaft 20, the inner side of the drum 22 is connected with the drum baffle 21, and the outer side of the drum 22 is provided with a disc cutter 23; , spring 17, hydraulic rod 18, the spring end cover 15 is connected with the connecting beam 14, the lower end surface of the spring end cover 15 is in contact with the upper end surface of the spring 17, and is connected with the external thread of the cylinder wall of the hydraulic cylinder 16 through the internal thread of the spring end cover 15 , the lower end surface of the spring 17 is connected with the hydraulic rod 18, and the hydraulic rod 18 is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder 16; the vibrating part in the soil breaking depth limit device can make the drum better contact with the ground on the one hand, and ensure the quality of the land preparation operation. On the other hand, it also ensures the profiling of the ground wheel and the ground, ensuring the consistency of plowing depth. Simultaneously, by adjusting the connection length of the internal thread on the spring upper end cover and the pipe wall external thread of the telescopic tube, the height of the disc knife and the ground wheel can be adjusted simultaneously, and then the depth of broken soil can be adjusted.

The present invention is suitable for soil preparation and subsoiling of crops, and completes operations such as shallow plowing, subsoiling, crushing, and leveling at one time to ensure that the soil is level, the soil is finely broken, and the plowing depth is consistent after the site preparation; It is required to carry out combined land preparation operations or shallow plowing operations, single all-round subsoiling operations and local subsoiling operations to achieve multiple functions of one machine.

Claims (3)

1. A combined subsoiling and soil preparation machine is characterized in that: it comprises a frame, an all-round subsoiling device and a plowing device, and the all-round subsoiling device is arranged under the frame, and the described plowing device is located at Before the all-round subsoiling device, the frame is composed of a front beam, an upper suspension plate, a lower suspension plate, a beam, a fixed beam, a fixed plate, a limit plate, a rear beam, and a support beam, and the lower end surface of the upper suspension plate and the front beam The upper end surface and the upper end surface of the fixed beam are connected, the lower suspension plate hugs the front beam and is connected, the front end of the beam is connected to the inner side of the front beam, the lower end of the fixed plate is connected to the upper end of the beam, the front end of the support beam is connected to the fixed plate, and the inner side of the limit plate is connected to the support On the outside of the beam, the upper end surface of the back beam is connected to the limit plate, and the front end surface of the back beam is connected to the rear end surface of the beam; The tip of the loose shovel is composed of a locking connector that embraces and connects the front beam of the frame. There is a full range of subsoiling shovel tips below; the tillage device is composed of a tiller handle and a tiller shovel, the tiller is connected to the tiller handle, and the upper end of the tiller handle is connected to the locking connector; A partial subsoiling device is provided on the rear beam, and a soil depth limiting device is provided behind the support beam. 2. A combined subsoiling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the local subsoiling device is composed of a locking groove, a subsoiling shovel handle, a subsoiling shovel wing, and a subsoiling shovel tip, The locking groove is connected with the rear beam of the frame, the subsoiling shovel wings are arranged on both sides of the subsoiling shovel handle, and the subsoiling shovel tip is arranged in front of the subsoiling shovel wings. 3. A combined subsoiling and soil preparation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the above-mentioned broken soil depth limit device is composed of a connecting arm, a fixed clip, a connecting beam, a vibrating part, a ground wheel, a drum shaft, and a drum baffle , a drum, and a disc knife, the lower end of the connecting arm is connected to the outer end of the fixed clip, the inner end of the fixed clip embraces the connecting beam and is connected, the vibration part is arranged between the connecting beam and the rolling shaft, and the two sides of the rolling shaft are arranged There are ground wheels, the drum baffle is connected to the drum shaft, the inner side of the drum is connected to the drum baffle, and the outer side of the drum is provided with a disc knife; the vibration part is composed of a spring end cover, a hydraulic cylinder, a spring, and a hydraulic rod. The spring end cover is connected with the connecting beam, the lower end surface of the spring end cover is in contact with the upper end surface of the spring, and is connected with the external thread of the cylinder wall of the hydraulic cylinder through the inner thread of the spring end cover, and the lower end surface of the spring is connected with the hydraulic rod, and the hydraulic rod is set in the hydraulic in the cylinder.