CN205482419U - Horizontal high pressure feed water heater - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of high-pressure heaters, in particular to a horizontal high-pressure heater, which includes a water chamber, a tube plate, a pipe body and a heat transfer tube; the water chamber is fixedly connected to one side of the tube plate, and a separate The water chamber includes a water inlet part and a water outlet part separated by a split-range board. The water inlet part is provided with a water supply inlet, the water outlet part is provided with a water supply outlet, and the water chamber is also provided with a manhole; the pipe body is fixedly connected to the other part of the tube plate. On one side, the tube body includes a superheating section, a cooling section and a condensation section. The superheating section and the cooling section are located side by side at one end of the tube body close to the tube sheet, and the condensation section is located at the other end of the tube body; the heat transfer tube is U-shaped and located at The tube body is connected with the tube sheet, and the heat transfer tube passes through the superheating section, the cooling section and the condensation section; the purpose of the utility model is to provide a horizontal high-pressure heating that can protect the heat transfer tube from being directly eroded by hydrophobic and expansion steam device.

Description

A horizontal high pressure heater

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of high-pressure heaters, in particular to a horizontal high-pressure heater.

Background technique

In power plants, in order to improve the thermal economy of unit operation, regenerative cycles are used, and high-pressure heaters are important heating equipment in regenerative cycles. Whether the high-pressure heater is put into use or not, and whether the operation is good or bad, has a great influence on the thermal economy of the unit operation.

High-pressure heaters can be divided into two categories: vertical and horizontal according to their layout. The cross-sectional area of the vertical high-pressure heater is small, so the hydrophobic volume per unit height of the water level is small, the water level control is difficult, and the exhaust is not sufficient, which affects the heat transfer effect. Therefore, in power plants, large units generally use horizontal high-pressure heaters.

The high-pressure heater usually needs to receive the drainage of the upper high-pressure heater. In the intermediate reheat system, it also needs to accept the drainage and sweeping steam of the intermediate reheater. In this case, on the one hand, the drainage of the upper high-pressure heater and the intermediate The expansion steam of the reheating system will directly scour and corrode the heat transfer tubes of the high-pressure heaters at this stage, causing the heat transfer tubes to rupture and cause safety production accidents; on the other hand, this two-phase flow of steam and water will disturb the high-pressure heaters at this stage. The normal flow of heating steam and its condensed water will cause the tube bundle to vibrate and reduce the heat transfer effect.

Utility model content

In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a horizontal high-pressure heater capable of protecting the heat transfer tubes from being directly eroded by hydrophobic and expansion steam.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

A horizontal high-pressure heater, including a water chamber, a tube plate, a tube body, and a heat transfer tube; The water inlet part and the water outlet part, the water inlet part is equipped with a water supply inlet, the water outlet part is equipped with a water supply outlet, and the water chamber is also equipped with a manhole; the pipe body is fixedly connected to the other side of the tube plate, and the pipe body includes a superheating section and a cooling section The condensation section, the superheating section and the cooling section are located side by side at one end of the tube body close to the tube sheet, and the condensation section is located at the other end of the tube body; the heat transfer tube is U-shaped and is located in the tube body to connect with the tube sheet, and the heat transfer tube passes through The overheating section, the cooling section and the condensation section; the condensation section is provided with a hydrophobic inlet, and a hydrophobic diffusion tube is provided at the hydrophobic inlet, and a stainless steel cavity is provided in the tube below the hydrophobic inlet, and the hydrophobic diffusion tube penetrates into the stainless steel cavity and The stainless steel cavity is connected, and the bottom of the stainless steel cavity is provided with a hydrophobic discharge hole, and the side of the stainless steel cavity close to the heat transfer tube is provided with a steam discharge hole, and a condensation anti-shock baffle is provided between the stainless steel cavity and the heat transfer tube.

Wherein, the hydrophobic diffusion pipe is provided with a nozzle.

Wherein, a steam inlet is provided on the superheating section, a superheating section cladding is provided in the superheating section, a heat shield is provided between the superheating section and the tube sheet, and an overheating anti-shock is provided in the superheating section cladding below the steam inlet. The baffles are staggered with baffles in the cladding of the superheating section, and the baffles are provided with steam holes.

Wherein, a protection ring is provided between the superheating section and the condensation section, and the protection ring is located on the outer periphery of the heat transfer tube.

Wherein, the cooling section is provided with a cooling section cladding, and an end plate is provided between the cooling section and the condensation section, and the end plate and the cooling section cladding form a siphon inlet. Separators are arranged alternately, water holes are provided on the separators, and drainage outlets are also provided in the cooling section.

Wherein, the tube body is further provided with an air extraction pipe, and the air extraction pipe extends along the direction of the central axis of the heat transfer tube.

Wherein, the air extraction pipe is a straight pipe, and uniformly distributed small holes are opened on the wall of the air extraction pipe.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1) The superheating section is formed by the superheating section cladding and heat shielding plate to form a sealed space, which increases the flow rate of steam, improves heat exchange, and reduces the heat transfer area;

2) The superheating section is equipped with a superheating anti-shock baffle to protect the heat transfer tube from the erosion of high-speed steam;

3) A baffle is installed in the superheating section to enhance the rigidity of the heat transfer tube and reduce the vibration of the heat transfer tube. At the same time, it can increase the flow rate of the steam to enhance the heat transfer. There are steam holes on the baffle , reduce the pressure resistance of the overheating section and reduce vibration;

4) The superheating section is equipped with a heat shield to prevent the high-temperature superheated steam from directly impacting and corroding the tube sheet and reducing the thermal stress of the tube sheet;

5) A protective ring is set between the superheating section and the condensation section. When the tube body must be disassembled, the tube body can be cut here so as not to damage the heat transfer tube;

6) The cooling section adopts a siphon structure, and uses the siphon principle to introduce hydrophobicity in the condensation section, and the hydrophobic section seals the water in the cooling section;

7) The cooling section is equipped with partitions to enhance the rigidity of the heat transfer tube and reduce the vibration of the heat transfer tube. The partition is provided with water holes to reduce the pressure resistance of the cooling section and reduce vibration;

8) Set up the exhaust pipe, and the wall of the exhaust pipe is provided with evenly distributed small holes, so as to extract air evenly and effectively;

9) In the condensation section, a hydrophobic diffusion tube, a stainless steel cavity, and a condensation anti-shock baffle are set to avoid the direct impact of the hydrophobic and expansion steam on the heat transfer tube, and to prevent the two-phase flow of steam and water from disturbing the high-pressure heater of this stage The normal flow of heating steam and its condensed water, so as not to cause vibration of the tube bundle and reduce the heat transfer effect.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of horizontal high pressure heater of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the overheating section of the horizontal high pressure heater of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the cooling section of the horizontal high-pressure heater of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the exhaust pipe of the horizontal high-pressure heater of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic side view of the other end of the tube body of the horizontal high-pressure heater of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic front view of the other end of the tube body of the horizontal high-pressure heater of the present invention.

Explanation of reference signs:

1-water chamber, 11-division plate, 12-water inlet, 121-water supply inlet, 13-water outlet, 131-water supply outlet, 14-manhole, 2-tube plate, 3-tube body, 300-circle Cylinder, 301-head, 32-superheating section, 321-steam inlet, 322-superheating anti-shock baffle, 323-superheating section cladding, 324-heat shield, 325-baffle, 326-protection ring, 33 - Cooling section, 331-Colding section of cooling section, 332-Baffle, 333-Drainage outlet, 334-End plate, 335-Siphon inlet, 34-Condensation section, 341-Drainage inlet, 35-Exhaust pipe, 351 -small hole, 4-heat transfer tube, 421-hydrophobic diffusion tube, 422-stainless steel cavity, 423-condensation anti-scour baffle, 424-hydrophobic discharge hole, 425-steam discharge hole, 426-nozzle.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the utility model is described in further detail:

As shown in Figure 1, a horizontal high-pressure heater includes a water chamber 1, a tube sheet 2, a tube body 3 and a heat transfer tube 4;

The water chamber 1 is hemispherical and is located on one side of the tube plate 2. The water chamber 1 and the tube plate 2 are fixedly connected by welding. The water chamber 1 is provided with a splitter plate 11, which divides the water chamber 1 into The water part 12 and the water outlet part 13 are two parts. The water inlet part 12 of the water chamber 1 is provided with a water supply inlet 121, and the water outlet part 13 is provided with a water supply outlet 131. The water chamber 1 is also provided with a detachable manhole 14 for maintenance.

The tube body 3 is arranged on the other side of the tube sheet 2, and is fixedly connected with the tube sheet 2; the tube body 3 includes a cylinder 300 and a head 301, and the cylinder 300 and the head 301 are fixedly connected; the tube body 3 includes a superheating section 32, The cooling section 33 and the condensation section 34, the superheating section 32 and the cooling section 33 are located side by side at one end of the tube body 3 close to the tube sheet 2, the superheating section 32 is located on the cooling section 33, and the condensation section 34 is located at the other end of the tube body 3, The heat transfer tube 4 is U-shaped, located in the tube body 3, and connected with the tube plate 2 by welding, expansion joint or welding and expansion joint, and the heat transfer tube 4 passes through the overheating section 32 and the cooling section 33 and condensation section 34 .

As shown in Figure 2, a steam inlet 321 is provided on the superheating section 32, a superheating section cladding 323 is arranged in the superheating section 32 to separate the superheated steam from the steam of the condensing section 34, and a steam inlet 323 is arranged between the superheating section 32 and the tube sheet 2. There is a heat shield 324 to prevent the high-temperature superheated steam from directly impacting and corroding the tube sheet 2, and reduce the thermal stress of the tube sheet 2; the superheated section 32 forms a sealed space with the superheated section cladding 323 and the heat shield 324, which improves the flow rate of the steam , to improve heat exchange and reduce the heat transfer area; in the superheated section cladding 323 below the steam inlet 321, a superheated anti-shock baffle 322 is provided to protect the heat transfer tube 4 from the erosion of high-speed steam; Baffles 325 are staggered in the cladding 323 of the superheating section to enhance the rigidity of the heat transfer tube 4 and reduce the vibration of the heat transfer tube 4. At the same time, the flow rate of the steam can be increased to enhance the heat transfer. The plate 325 is provided with steam vents to reduce the pressure resistance of the overheating section and reduce vibration;

A protective ring 326 is provided between the superheating section 32 and the condensation section 34. The protective ring 326 is located on the outer periphery of the heat transfer tube 4. When the tube body 3 must be disassembled, the tube body 3 can be cut here so as not to damage the heat transfer tube 4. ;

As shown in Figure 3, be provided with the cold-draining section cladding 331 that separates the steam of hydrophobic and condensation section 34 in the cold-draining section 33; Be provided with end plate 334 between the cold-draining section 33 and the condensation section 34, end plate 334 and the cladding 331 of the cooling section form a siphon inlet 335, and the cooling section 33 adopts a siphon structure, and utilizes the siphon principle to introduce the hydrophobicity of the condensation section 34, and the hydrophobic section 33 is water-sealed; the cladding 331 of the cooling section Interlaced partitions 332 are provided to enhance the rigidity of the heat transfer tube 4 and reduce the vibration of the heat transfer tube 4. The partitions 332 are provided with water holes to reduce the pressure resistance of the cooling section 33 and reduce vibration; A hydrophobic outlet 333 is also provided in the cold section 33;

The condensed water in the condensing section 34 is hydrophobic, and the cooling section 33 is set. On the one hand, the temperature difference of the hydrophobic temperature is about 30 ºC higher than that of the feedwater inlet 121 to heat the feedwater, so as to reduce the draining of the steam with lower pressure in the next stage. , which is conducive to improving the heat recovery effect. On the other hand, the water is cooled to a supercooled water with a certain degree of supercooling, so that the water is not easy to vaporize in the pipeline, so as to avoid or reduce the damage of the steam and water two-phase flow to the water drainage system.

As shown in Figure 1, a suction pipe 35 is also provided in the pipe body 3, and the suction pipe 35 utilizes part of the heating steam to carry air and discharges it into an external expander, deaerator or condenser. Preferably, the suction pipe 35 is located at The central position of the heat transfer tube 4 extends along the direction of the central axis of the heat transfer tube 4 to the part of the heat transfer tube 4 farthest from the feed water inlet 121, so that air can be extracted more effectively here; as shown in Figure 4, the exhaust tube 35 is a straight pipe, and there are evenly distributed apertures 351 on the pipe wall of the suction pipe 35, so that the air can be extracted evenly and effectively.

As shown in Figure 1, the condensation section 34 is provided with a hydrophobic inlet 341, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, the hydrophobic diffuser 421 is provided at the hydrophobic inlet 341, and the hydrophobic diffuser 421 is provided with a number of nozzles 426 to reduce the drain and The erosive force of expansion steam; the pipe body 3 below the hydrophobic inlet 341 is provided with a stainless steel cavity 422, the stainless steel cavity 422 is located inside the head 301 of the pipe body 3, and the hydrophobic diffusion tube 421 penetrates the stainless steel cavity 422 and The stainless steel cavity 422 is connected, and the bottom end of the stainless steel cavity 422 is provided with a hydrophobic discharge hole 424 for draining water. Condensation anti-shock baffles 423 are provided between the heat pipes 4 .

When the high-pressure heater receives the water from the upper high-pressure heater and the water and steam from the intermediate reheater, the water is discharged from the water-diffusion pipe 421 into the stainless steel cavity 422, and then discharged from the water discharge hole 424 to prevent the upper-level water from affecting the high pressure of the current stage. The erosion of the heat transfer tube 4 of the heater; expansion steam enters the stainless steel cavity 422, a part of which condenses into water and is discharged from the hydrophobic discharge hole 424, and the other part is discharged from the steam discharge hole 425, due to the blocking effect of the condensation anti-scour baffle 423 , avoiding the direct impact of the expansion steam on the heat transfer tube 4, effectively protecting the heat transfer tube 4, and preventing this two-phase flow of steam and water from disturbing the normal flow of the heating steam of the high-pressure heater and its condensed drainage, so as to avoid Vibration of the heat transfer tube 4 is generated and the heat transfer effect is reduced.

The working principle of the above device is:

The feed water enters the water chamber 1 through the feed water inlet 121, passes through the heat transfer pipe 4, first passes through the cooling section 33, then passes through the condensation section 34 and the overheating section 32, and finally passes through the water chamber 1 and is discharged from the feed water outlet 131.

The heating steam enters the pipe body 3 from the steam inlet 321, and first passes through the superheating section 32. During the heat transfer process of the superheating section 32, the feed water is heated by the sensible heat of the superheated steam, and the steam exchanges heat with the heat transfer pipe 4 by convection. The pipe wall conducts sensible heat transfer, which is the heat transfer between steam and liquid single-phase steam; after passing through the condensation section 34, the steam condenses into water, and in the heat transfer process of the condensation section 34, it is heated by the latent heat of condensation of saturated steam Feed water is the heat transfer between vapor and liquid with phase change; after that, it passes through the cooling section 33, and finally is discharged from the drainage outlet 333. The cooling section 33 heats the feed water with the sensible heat of water after the steam condenses, which is liquid , Heat transfer between liquid and single-phase steam.

The above is only a specific embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the patent scope of the utility model. Any equivalent structural transformation made by using the utility model description and the contents of the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other related technologies Fields are all included in the scope of patent protection of the utility model in the same way.

Claims (7)

1. A horizontal high-pressure heater is characterized in that: it comprises a water chamber, a tube sheet, a pipe body and a heat transfer tube; the water chamber is fixedly connected to one side of the tube sheet, and the water chamber is provided with a split plate, and the water chamber includes The water inlet part and the water outlet part are separated by the divider plate. The water inlet part is provided with a water supply inlet, the water outlet part is provided with a water supply outlet, and the water chamber is also provided with a manhole; the pipe body is fixedly connected to the other side of the tube plate, and the pipe body includes The superheating section, the cooling section and the condensation section, the superheating section and the cooling section are located side by side at one end of the tube body close to the tube sheet, and the condensation section is located at the other end of the tube body; the heat transfer tube is U-shaped, and is located in the tube body and the tube sheet Connection, the heat transfer tube passes through the superheating section, the cooling section and the condensation section; the condensation section is provided with a hydrophobic inlet, and a hydrophobic diffusion tube is provided at the hydrophobic inlet, and a stainless steel cavity is provided in the tube below the hydrophobic inlet, and the hydrophobic diffusion tube It penetrates into the stainless steel cavity and communicates with the stainless steel cavity. The bottom of the stainless steel cavity is provided with a hydrophobic discharge hole. Punch the baffle. 2. The horizontal high-pressure heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydrophobic diffusion pipe is provided with a nozzle. 3. The horizontal high-pressure heater according to claim 2, characterized in that: the superheating section is provided with a steam inlet, the superheating section is provided with a superheating section cladding, and a heat shield is provided between the superheating section and the tube sheet The superheating anti-shock baffle is arranged in the superheating section shell below the steam inlet, and the baffles are arranged alternately in the superheating section shell, and the baffles are provided with steam holes. 4. The horizontal high-pressure heater according to claim 3, characterized in that: a protective ring is provided between the superheating section and the condensation section, and the protective ring is located on the outer periphery of the heat transfer tube. 5. The horizontal high-pressure heater according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the cold-draining section is provided with a cold-draining section cladding, and between the cold-draining section and the condensation section is provided The end plate, the end plate and the cladding of the cooling section form a siphon inlet, the cladding of the cooling section is interlaced with partitions, the partitions are provided with water holes, and the cooling section is also provided with a hydrophobic outlet. 6. The horizontal high-pressure heater according to claim 5, characterized in that: the tube body is further provided with an air extraction pipe, and the air extraction pipe extends along the central axis of the heat transfer tube. 7. The horizontal high-pressure heater according to claim 6, characterized in that: the air extraction pipe is a straight pipe, and the wall of the air extraction pipe has uniformly distributed small holes.