CN205473572U - Rubbish multistage pyrolysis boiling carbomorphism secondary oxidation processing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a garbage multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization secondary oxidation treatment device, which comprises a screw feeder, a multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization furnace, a swing mechanism and a secondary oxidation furnace. There is a screw feeder installation port, the screw feeder is placed horizontally on the top of the secondary oxidation furnace through the screw feeder installation port, and the multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization furnace is installed on the secondary oxidation furnace The side of the side, the garbage feed port of the multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization furnace communicates with the waste discharge port of the screw feeder, and the cracked gas inlet of the secondary oxidation furnace communicates with the multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization furnace. The cracked gas outlets are connected; the swing mechanism is installed in the multi-stage pyrolysis fluidized carbonization furnace. The utility model solves the problem of accumulation and agglomeration of traditional garbage treatment incinerators through boiling carbonization and combustion, improves the continuous stability of the treatment furnace; fully controls and utilizes garbage combustion and heat energy; the design adopts multi-stage and multi-point distributed feeding, and realizes The garbage distribution in the furnace is uniform and the temperature gradient of the road layer is uniform; a large-volume high-temperature secondary oxidation furnace.

Description

Garbage multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization secondary oxidation treatment device

technical field

The utility model relates to a waste treatment device, in particular to a waste multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization secondary oxidation treatment device, which belongs to the technical field of waste treatment equipment.

Background technique

With the rapid development of my country's economy, the expansion of city scale and the acceleration of urbanization process, the generation and accumulation of urban domestic waste in my country are also increasing year by year. In recent years, the annual growth rate of municipal solid waste has been 5% to 8%, and the annual growth rate of a few large cities has reached 8% to 10%. The per capita daily garbage production has exceeded 1 kg, which is close to the level of moderately developed industrial countries; my country The amount of urban waste generation has shown a sharp increase, and the growth has a faster and faster trend.

my country started relatively late in the treatment of urban domestic waste. For a long time, the main purpose of my country's urban waste treatment is to find suitable places for "natural consumption". From the perspective of applied technology, foreign countries mainly use landfill, incineration, composting and other methods. The limitations of the above methods are: the treatment process itself will also generate a large amount of gas pollutants, and the energy conversion efficiency is very low, and it takes up a lot of land resources. .

It is a new trend to use garbage as energy after oxygen-poor combustion. The traditional oxygen-poor combustion furnace burns (smolders) the material through the combustion chamber, which takes a long time, consumes a lot of energy, and has low efficiency. The smoke and tar produced need to be discharged through the chimney, causing secondary pollution to the environment.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a garbage multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization secondary oxidation treatment device, which can quickly burn garbage with low oxygen and no secondary pollution, and realize the Heat is recycled.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a garbage multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization secondary oxidation treatment device, including a screw feeder, a multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization furnace, a swing mechanism and a secondary oxidation furnace, the secondary oxidation The top of the upper furnace box is provided with a screw feeder installation port, and the screw feeder is placed horizontally on the top of the secondary oxidation furnace through the screw feeder installation port, and the multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization furnace is installed on the The side of the secondary oxidation furnace, the garbage feed port of the multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization furnace communicates with the waste discharge port of the screw feeder, the cracked gas inlet of the secondary oxidation furnace communicates with the multi-stage thermal The pyrolysis gas outlets of the deboiling carbonization furnace are connected; the swing mechanism is installed in the multi-stage pyrolysis fluidized carbonization furnace.

The materials of the multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization furnace pass through the trays of each layer in turn depending on the potential difference and the swing mechanism, and finally fall into the bottom of the multi-stage gasification boiling cracking carbonization furnace; the furnace body is divided into: drying section, heating section from high to low Decomposition section, oxygen-lean boiling combustion carbonization section; each section is divided by multi-layer trays. Since the temperature and oxygen concentration of the multi-stage gasification boiling cracking carbonization furnace are controllable in the axial section, components are designed at the bottom for boiling carbonization combustion; the axial temperature can be controlled in sections, and the boiling combustion carbonization in the bottom section is 950-1100°C; Pyrolysis at 850-950°C and upper gasification pyrolysis at 650-850°C.

The technical solution further defined by the utility model is: the aforementioned garbage multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization secondary oxidation treatment device, the screw feeder includes a geared motor, a screw rod and a feeder cylinder with a garbage inlet and a garbage outlet body, the mounting seat of the screw rod is in the barrel of the feeder, the geared motor drives and connects the screw rod, and a steam outlet is provided at the top of the barrel of the feeder.

The aforementioned multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization secondary oxidation treatment device, the multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization furnace includes a furnace body, a tray and an air distributor, the inner wall of the furnace is provided with multi-layer trays, and the air distribution The device is installed at the bottom of the furnace body, and the furnace body is also provided with a carbonization furnace ignition port, an ash outlet, an air inlet and an upper cracking gas outlet, and the ash outlet is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body.

In the aforementioned garbage multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization secondary oxidation treatment device, the number of the trays is 2 to 50; except that the first layer is a single 90° fan-shaped tray, each of the other layers is two opposite 90° Fan-shaped trays, the staggered angle of trays between each layer is 90°.

In the aforementioned garbage multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization secondary oxidation treatment device, the swing mechanism includes a swing shaft, a rake-type feeder, an upper water jacket, a lower water jacket, a crank rocker mechanism and a duster. The shaft is vertically installed in the multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization furnace, and an upper water jacket and a lower water jacket are provided at the connection between the swing shaft and the furnace body, and cooling water is passed into the water jacket for To cool down the connecting part, ensure that the swing shaft can operate normally; the rake-type feeder is installed on the swing shaft and arranged correspondingly to the tray on the furnace body, and the bottom of the swing shaft is connected by a rocker The crank-rocker mechanism drives the rake-type material puller to swing; the ash puller is installed on a swing shaft close to the bottom of the furnace body, and the furnace ash is pushed to the ash outlet through the ash puller.

In the aforementioned garbage multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization secondary oxidation treatment device, the swing shaft is a hollow shaft, and a cooling air interface is provided at the end of the shaft, through which cooling air is introduced inwardly.

In the aforementioned multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization secondary oxidation treatment device for garbage, the secondary oxidation furnace includes a furnace box and an air preheater, the air preheater is installed in the furnace box, and a There are flue gas outlet, pyrolysis gas inlet, air distribution port, oxidation furnace ignition port, screw feeder installation port and pyrolysis gas inlet. The preheated air of the air preheater is sent into the air distribution port and the For the air distributor in the multi-stage pyrolysis fluidized carbonization furnace, an igniter ignition probe is installed in the ignition port of the oxidation furnace and the ignition port of the carbonization furnace; the air distribution port is arranged at the top position of the furnace box; The fully combusted gas is rapidly oxygen-enriched in the furnace, and part of the heat released is taken away by the cold air in the air preheater, and the other part is used as the heat source for the waste in the screw feeder to heat up.

Further, in the aforementioned multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization secondary oxidation treatment device for garbage, the furnace box is also provided with an explosion-proof port.

The utility model heats the screw feeder through the secondary oxidation furnace, so that the garbage can be preheated in the screw feeder, and at the same time, oxygen-poor cracking is carried out, which not only utilizes the waste heat in the secondary oxidation furnace, but also improves The conversion efficiency of garbage in the multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization furnace; in the multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization furnace, the combination of multi-layer rake-type feeder and rake-type feeder is set to increase the heating area of the garbage in the carbonization furnace, so that the garbage in the carbonization furnace Thoroughly decompose in the carbonization furnace to avoid secondary pollution caused by incompletely carbonized garbage in the ash discharge; the pyrolysis gas generated in the multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization furnace passes through the oxygen-enriched combustion in the secondary oxidation furnace to ensure that the pyrolysis gas is Harmful substances can be fully oxidized at high temperature to effectively control the generation and emission of dioxin pollutants. At the same time, the waste heat in the secondary oxidation furnace can also be used to preheat the screw feeder and the air that passes into the treatment device. The energy consumption of the garbage treatment device is reduced, the garbage treatment capacity is improved, and the discharge of pollutants is greatly reduced.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects: (1) Stability: the problem of accumulation and agglomeration of traditional garbage treatment incinerators is solved through boiling carbonization and combustion, and the continuous stability of the treatment furnace is improved; (2) Thermal balance: full control and utilization of garbage burning and burning Heat energy balances the heat of gasification, pyrolysis, and carbonization, and improves the thermal balance of the system; (3) uniformity: the design adopts multi-stage and multi-point distributed feeding, which realizes uniform garbage distribution in the furnace and uniform temperature gradient of the road layer; (4) Pollution control: large Volumetric high-temperature secondary oxidation furnace; designed with multi-chamber heat storage function to prolong the high-temperature oxidation time of pollutants and effectively control the generation and emission of dioxin pollutants.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model.

detailed description

Example 1

A garbage multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization secondary oxidation treatment device provided in this embodiment has a structure as shown in Figure 1, including a screw feeder 1, a multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization furnace 2, a swing mechanism 3 and a secondary oxidation furnace 4 , the top of the upper furnace box of the secondary oxidation furnace 4 is provided with a screw feeder installation port 47, and the screw feeder 1 is horizontally placed on the top of the secondary oxidation furnace 4 through the screw feeder installation port 47, and the multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization furnace 2 is installed on the side of the secondary oxidation furnace 4, the garbage feed port 22 of the multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization furnace 2 communicates with the waste discharge port 16 of the screw feeder, and the cracked gas inlet 41 of the secondary oxidation furnace 4 communicates with the multi-stage thermal The pyrolysis gas outlet 25 of the deboiling carbonization furnace 2 is connected; the swing mechanism 3 is installed in the multi-stage pyrolysis fluidized carbonization furnace 2 .

The screw feeder 1 of the present embodiment comprises a reduction motor 11, a screw rod 13 and a feeder barrel with a garbage inlet 12 and a garbage discharge port 16, the screw rod 13 mounting seat is in the feeder barrel, and the reduction motor 11 The screw rod 13 is driven and connected, and a steam outlet 14 is provided on the top of the barrel of the feeder; the multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization furnace 2 includes a furnace body 26, a tray 24 and an air distributor 27, and the inner wall of the furnace body 26 is provided with a multi-layer The tray 24 and the air distributor 27 are installed at the bottom of the furnace body, and the furnace body 26 is also provided with a carbonization furnace ignition port 29, an ash outlet 28, an air inlet 23 and an upper cracking gas outlet 21, and the ash outlet 28 is arranged on the furnace body. The bottom of the body 26. The number of trays 24 is 3 layers; except that the first layer is a single 90° fan-shaped tray, each other layer is two opposite 90° fan-shaped trays, and the staggered angle of the trays between each layer is 90°.

The swing mechanism 3 includes a swing shaft 32, a rake type feeder 33, an upper water jacket 31, a lower water jacket 34, a crank rocker mechanism 35 and a duster 37. The swing shaft 32 is vertically installed in the multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization In the furnace 2, an upper water jacket 31 and a lower water jacket 34 are provided at the connection between the swing shaft 32 and the furnace body 26; The disc 24 is correspondingly arranged, and the bottom of the swing shaft 32 is connected to the crank rocker mechanism 35 through the rocker 351 to drive the rake type material pusher 33 to swing; the dust pusher 37 is installed on the swing shaft near the bottom of the furnace body 26; the swing shaft is a hollow shaft, The shaft end is provided with a cooling air interface 36, through which the cooling air is introduced inwardly, the swing shaft is installed on the rocker of the crank rocker mechanism, and the rake type feeder moves with the crank rocker mechanism to make the furnace The internal garbage passes through each layer of trays sequentially from top to bottom.

The secondary oxidation furnace 4 includes a furnace box and an air preheater 45, the air preheater is installed in the furnace box, and the furnace box is provided with a flue gas outlet 15, a cracked gas inlet 44, an air distribution port 43, an explosion-proof port 48, an oxidation Furnace ignition port 42, screw feeder installation port 47 and pyrolysis gas inlet 41, the preheated air of air preheater 45 is sent into the air distribution port 43 and the air distributor 27 in the multi-stage pyrolysis boiling carbonization furnace 2 respectively through pipelines, An igniter ignition probe is installed in the ignition port 42 of the oxidation furnace and the ignition port 29 of the carbonization furnace; the air distribution port 43 is arranged at the top position of the furnace box.

When this embodiment is working, the garbage enters the screw feeder after sorting and pretreatment, controls the rotating speed and the heating temperature of the garbage, and pushes it into the upper feeding element of the multi-stage gasification boiling cracking carbonization furnace; the screw feeder is connected with the secondary After indirect heat exchange with the high-temperature hot furnace gas after combustion in the oxidation furnace, the garbage inside the screw feeder is continuously vaporized and cracked by heating and enters the multi-stage gasification boiling cracking and carbonization furnace. Pass through each layer of trays, and finally fall into the bottom of the multi-stage gasification boiling pyrolysis carbonization furnace; design components at the bottom to carry out boiling pyrolysis carbonization combustion. Since the temperature and oxygen concentration of the multi-stage gasification boiling cracking carbonization furnace can be controlled in the axial section, the garbage entering the furnace will go through the gasification-pyrolysis-boiling combustion carbonization stage from top to bottom, and a certain amount of mixed gas will be produced at the same time. The upper outlet of the multi-stage gasification boiling cracking carbonization furnace enters the secondary oxidation furnace; high-temperature oxidation is carried out under the oxygen-enriched condition of the secondary oxidation furnace to generate hot flue gas. A heat exchanger is installed in the secondary oxidation furnace to provide hot air for the combustion process; the hot flue gas at the outlet of the secondary oxidation furnace is used for indirect heat exchange with the garbage in the screw feeder.

The above embodiments are only to illustrate the technical ideas of the utility model, and cannot limit the protection scope of the utility model with this. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solutions according to the technical ideas proposed by the utility model all fall into the scope of the utility model. within the scope of the new protection.

Claims (8)

1. null1. rubbish multistage pyrolysis boiling carbonization secondary oxidative treatments device，Including feed screw (1)、Multistage pyrolysis boiling retort (2)、Swing mechanism (3) and secondary oxidation stove (4)，It is characterized in that: the upper furnace box top of described secondary oxidation stove (4) is provided with feed screw installing port (47)，Described feed screw (1) passes through the horizontal top described secondary oxidation stove (4) of feed screw installing port (47)，Described multistage pyrolysis boiling retort (2) is arranged on the side of described secondary oxidation stove (4)，The garbage inlet (22) of described multistage pyrolysis boiling retort (2) communicates with described feed screw rubbish discharging opening (16)，The cracking gas import (41) of described secondary oxidation stove (4) communicates with cracking gas outlet (25) of described multistage pyrolysis boiling retort (2)；Described swing mechanism (3) is arranged in described multistage pyrolysis boiling retort (2).
2. Rubbish multistage the most according to claim 1 pyrolysis boiling carbonization secondary oxidative treatments device, it is characterized in that: described feed screw (1) includes reducing motor (11), screw rod (13) and has garbage inlet (12) and the charger cylinder of rubbish discharging opening (16), described screw rod (13) mounting seat is in charger cylinder, screw rod (13) described in described reducing motor (11) drive connection, and it is provided with steam (vapor) outlet (14) at described charger cylinder top.
3. Rubbish multistage the most according to claim 1 pyrolysis boiling carbonization secondary oxidative treatments device, it is characterized in that: described multistage pyrolysis boiling retort (2) includes body of heater (26), tower tray (24) and air sparger (27), described body of heater (26) inwall is provided with multilamellar tower tray (24), described air sparger (27) is arranged on described bottom of furnace body, described body of heater (26) is additionally provided with retort lighting-up tuyere (29), ash hole (28), air intlet (23) and top cracking gas outlet (21), described ash hole (28) is arranged on the bottom of described body of heater (26).
4. Rubbish multistage the most according to claim 3 pyrolysis boiling carbonization secondary oxidative treatments device, it is characterised in that: the quantity of described tower tray (24) is 2～50 layers；In addition to ground floor is single 90 ° of fan-shaped tower trays, remaining every layer is two fan-shaped tower trays in relative 90 °, and between each layer, tower tray alternate angle is 90 °.
5. Rubbish multistage the most according to claim 3 pyrolysis boiling carbonization secondary oxidative treatments device, it is characterized in that: described swing mechanism (3) includes swinging axle (32), rake setting gauge (33), upper water chuck (31), bottom water leg (34), crank and rocker mechanism (35) and ash-cleaning device (37), described swinging axle (32) is vertically installed in described multistage pyrolysis boiling retort (2), and is provided with upper water chuck (31) and bottom water leg (34) in described body of heater (26) junction at swinging axle (32)；Described rake setting gauge (33) is arranged on described swinging axle (32), and corresponding with the tower tray (24) on described body of heater (26) arrange, described swinging axle (32) bottom is connected described crank and rocker mechanism (35) driven described rake setting gauge (33) to swing by rocking bar (351)；Described ash-cleaning device (37) is installed on the swinging axle of body of heater (26) bottom.
6. Rubbish multistage the most according to claim 5 pyrolysis boiling carbonization secondary oxidative treatments device, it is characterized in that: described swinging axle is hollow axle, it is provided with cooling air interface (36) at its axle head, opens inwards into cooling air by described cooling air interface (36).
7. Rubbish multistage the most according to claim 3 pyrolysis boiling carbonization secondary oxidative treatments device, it is characterized in that: described secondary oxidation stove (4) includes furnace box and air preheater (45), described air preheater is arranged in described furnace box, described furnace box is provided with exhanst gas outlet (15), cracking gas entrance (44), air distribution outlet (43), oxidation furnace lighting-up tuyere (42), feed screw installing port (47) and cracking gas import (41), the preheated air of described air preheater (45) is respectively fed to the air sparger (27) in described air distribution outlet (43) and described multistage pyrolysis boiling retort (2) by pipeline, it is mounted on igniter fire probe in described oxidation furnace lighting-up tuyere (42) and retort lighting-up tuyere (29)；Described air distribution outlet (43) is arranged on the tip position of described furnace box.
8. Rubbish multistage the most according to claim 7 pyrolysis boiling carbonization secondary oxidative treatments device, it is characterised in that: described furnace box is additionally provided with venting (48).