CN205438045U - Interior surface grinding device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of grinding processing, in particular to an inner surface grinding device. The spindle table of the device is composed of a spindle lower table fixed on the machine tool, a spindle table assembled on the spindle lower table and reciprocatingly moving in the X-axis direction, and a spindle part assembled on the spindle table and capable of rotating in a horizontal plane; or, The spindle table is composed of the lower spindle table fixed on the machine tool, the spindle table assembled on the lower spindle table and reciprocatingly moving in the X-axis direction, and the spindle part assembled on the spindle table, and the detection workpiece is installed under the rotary axis of the grinding wheel table. Bend sensor. The utility model is carried out through various projects of low-precision grinding, high-precision grinding and non-spark cutting, and corrects the grinding wheel to the corresponding taper through the control device, so that the grinding process of the inner surface is more accurate and more in line with the installation requirements of the workpiece.

Description

A kind of inner surface grinding device

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of grinding processing, in particular to an inner surface grinding device.

Background technique

As shown in Figure 1, the grinding process of the original inner surface grinding device on the inner surface of the cylindrical workpiece is generally: the workpiece W is installed on the main shaft 20, and the main shaft 20 of the workpiece W and the rotary shaft 21 of the grinding wheel 22 Assuming an angle θ, the grinding wheel 22 is mounted on the front end of the rotary shaft 21, and the two are inserted into the workpiece, and processed through the sliding contact between the outer surface of the grinding wheel 22 and the inner surface of the cylindrical workpiece W.

However, since the outer diameter of the grinding wheel 22 changes, the surface cutting quality is constantly changing. Therefore, no matter how the size of the grinding wheel 22 is changed, even if the grinding process is performed under the same grinding conditions, the grinding accuracy will change. That is to say, if the diameter of the grinding wheel is large, the sharpness of the grinding wheel 22 will be poor, and the bending deformation of the rotary shaft 21 will be relatively large, so after the rough machining is completed, the difference (taper) between the inner diameters of the two end surfaces of the workpiece W will be very large. Big. Therefore, after higher-precision grinding and non-spark grinding, there will still be cutting residues, and the taper will not be too small.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide an inner surface grinding device to solve the problems of cutting residues in the prior art, so as to obtain high-precision machining workpieces.

The technical scheme of the utility model is:

An inner surface grinding device, in which a spindle table and a grinding wheel table are installed on a machine tool, the specific structure is as follows:

The spindle table is composed of the lower spindle table fixed on the machine tool, the spindle table assembled on the lower spindle table and reciprocatingly moving in the X-axis direction, and the spindle part assembled on the spindle table and capable of rotating in the horizontal plane. Servo motor connection, on the main shaft table, the main shaft part that can rotate independently around the support shaft is installed, and the main shaft part is connected with the servo motor for the main shaft rotation; a chuck is installed on one end of the main shaft part, and a circle is fixed on the chuck For cylindrical workpieces, the main shaft rotates together with the workpiece through the chuck;

The grinding wheel table is composed of the grinding wheel table body, the grinding wheel table and the grinding head. The grinding wheel table is arranged on the grinding wheel table body. The grinding head is fixed on the grinding wheel table. The grinding wheel is fixed at the front end of the rotary shaft extending from the grinding head. The grinding wheel table is connected with the driving servo motor of the working surface.

The inner surface grinding device, the cutting servo motor, the servo motor for spindle rotation, and the table driving servo motor are respectively connected with the control device.

An inner surface grinding device, in which a spindle table and a grinding wheel table are installed on a machine tool, the specific structure is as follows:

The spindle table is composed of the spindle lower table fixed on the machine tool, the spindle table assembled on the spindle lower table and reciprocating in the X-axis direction, and the spindle part assembled on the spindle table. The spindle table is connected with the cutting servo motor; the spindle part A chuck is installed at one end of the shaft, and a cylindrical workpiece is fixed on the chuck, and the main shaft rotates together with the workpiece W through the chuck;

The grinding wheel table is composed of the grinding wheel table body, the grinding wheel table and the grinding head. The grinding wheel table is arranged on the grinding wheel table body. The grinding head is fixed on the grinding wheel table. The grinding wheel is fixed at the front end of the rotary shaft extending from the grinding head. A sensor for detecting the bending degree of the workpiece is arranged below the rotary shaft, and the grinding wheel table is connected with the driving servo motor of the working surface.

The inner surface grinding device, the cutting servo motor and the table driving servo motor are respectively connected with the control device.

Advantage and beneficial effect of the present utility model are:

1. The utility model is carried out through various projects of low-precision grinding, high-precision grinding and non-spark cutting. Since the cut-in feed position of rough grinding and fine grinding will change with the change of the radius of the grinding wheel, in the case of a large radius of the grinding wheel Lower cutting residue at the end of rough and fine grinding.

2. The utility model adopts the detection of the bending degree of the grinding wheel shaft during processing, and a sensor for detecting the bending degree of the workpiece is installed under the rotary shaft. After the detection is completed, the feedback control device corrects the grinding wheel to the corresponding taper, so that the inner surface grinding process is more accurate. Accurate, more in line with workpiece installation requirements.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional internal surface grinding device.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the inner surface grinding device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the inner surface grinding device of the present invention.

In the figure, 1 machine tool; 2 spindle table; 3 grinding wheel table; 4 spindle lower table; 5 spindle table; 6 spindle part; 7 cutting servo motor; Table body; 12 grinding wheel table; 13 grinding head; 14 working surface drive servo motor; 15 rotary shaft; 16 grinding wheel.

detailed description

Example 1

As shown in Figure 2, the utility model inner surface grinding device installs a spindle bed 2 and a grinding wheel table 3 on the machine tool 1, and the specific structure is as follows:

The spindle table 2 consists of the spindle lower table 4 fixed on the machine tool 1, the spindle table 5 which is assembled on the spindle lower table 4 and reciprocates in the X-axis direction (up and down in Fig. 2 ), is assembled on the spindle table 5 and can be The main shaft part 6 that rotates in the horizontal plane is composed, the main shaft table 5 is connected with the cutting servo motor 7, and the main shaft table 5 is driven by the cutting servo motor 7 installed on the main shaft lower platform 4, so that its position is determined in the Z-axis direction (Fig. 2 in the left and right direction) to specify the position. On the main shaft table 5, the main shaft part 6 which can rotate independently about the support shaft 8 is attached. The main shaft unit 6 is connected to a main shaft turning servo motor 9 , and the turning position of the main shaft unit 6 can be adjusted by driving the main shaft turning servo motor 9 . A chuck 10 is attached to one end of the spindle unit 6 , and a cylindrical workpiece W is fixed to the chuck 10 , and the spindle unit 6 rotates together with the workpiece W via the chuck 10 .

The grinding wheel table 3 is composed of a grinding wheel table body 11, a grinding wheel worktable 12, and a grinding head 13. The grinding wheel workbench 12 is arranged on the grinding wheel table body 11. A grinding wheel 16 is fixed to the front end of the rotating shaft 15, and the inner surface of the workpiece W can be ground by rotating the grinding wheel 16 through the rotating shaft 15. The grinding wheel table 12 is connected with the working surface drive servo motor 14, and the grinding wheel table 12 can move back and forth in the Z-axis direction (the left and right direction in Fig. 2 ) within the scope of the grinding wheel table body 11 through the drive of the working surface driving servo motor 14 , so that its position is determined at the specified position in the Z-axis direction.

The cutting servo motor 7, the spindle turning servo motor 9, and the table driving servo motor 14 are respectively connected to the control device, and the cutting servo motor 7, the spindle turning servo motor 9, and the table driving servo motor 14 are input from the control device. Signal driven control.

The inner surface grinding method of this embodiment is performed by various processes of low-precision grinding, high-precision grinding, and non-spark cutting. Also, the above-mentioned cutting feed rate of the grinding wheel 16 is a constant value. In the grinding process, due to the bending of the rotary shaft 15, the inner diameter of the workpiece W cannot become as large as the cutting feed amount, and a cutting residue occurs. Since the sharpness of the grinding wheel 16 varies with the diameter of the grinding wheel, the amount of cutting residue also varies. Even in dimensional processing that does not use in-process measurement, in order to make the actual finishing grinding amount as constant as possible and the cylindricity and surface roughness of the inner surface of the workpiece W to be stable, the cutting feed position should be set according to the grinding wheel 16 The outer diameter size varies. During rough grinding, the cutting feed position will change as the outer diameter of the grinding wheel 16 changes.

That is to say, if the outer diameter of the grinding wheel 16 is larger, the grinding angle of the grinding surface of the workpiece W is smaller, and the sharpness of the grinding wheel is lower, which will take a large value when the outer diameter of the grinding wheel 16 is large, and change The timing of grinding speed switching essentially makes the fine grinding amount fixed. By the method described above, even if the grinding wheel 16 has a large outer diameter and low sharpness, the taper of the inner surface of the workpiece W will not be too large.

Afterwards, a certain number of workpieces are ground, and after the surface of the emery wheel 16 becomes rough and the processing accuracy becomes low, the surface of the emery wheel is returned to normal by dressing and forming. Moreover, the outer diameter of the grinding wheel 16 will gradually decrease through dressing, and as the outer diameter decreases, the grinding angle of the grinding wheel 16 on the grinding surface of the workpiece W will become larger and the sharpness will become higher. However, according to the outer diameter of the grinding wheel 16, the rough grinding cutting feed size B1 can realize both multi-stage control and stepless control.

The finish grinding is the same as the above-mentioned rough grinding, and the cutting feed position changes according to the change of the outer diameter of the grinding wheel 16 .

In sparkless grinding, when the cutting feed of the grinding wheel 16 to the workpiece W is completed, the workpiece W and the grinding wheel 16 continue to rotate in the previous state. In this case, the sparkless grinding time varies according to the outer diameter of the grinding wheel 16 . When the outer diameter of the grinding wheel 16 is large, the grinding angle of the workpiece W is small, and desired surface roughness can be obtained. When the outer diameter becomes smaller, the sharpness of the grinding wheel 16 becomes higher and the surface roughness becomes worse.

Since the cut-in feed position of the rough grinding and the fine grinding will change with the radius of the grinding wheel, the cutting residual amount will be smaller when the rough grinding and fine grinding end when the radius of the grinding wheel 16 is large.

However, even according to the aforementioned grinding method, when the diameter of the grinding wheel is large, the taper angle at the end of finishing grinding and sparkless grinding is not improved. Then, in the grinding method of this embodiment, the inclination angle of the axis center of the rotary shaft 15 with respect to the main shaft part 6 is also changed corresponding to the change of the diameter of the grinding wheel.

When the diameter of the grinding wheel is large, the inclination angle of the main shaft part 6 corresponding to the axis of the rotary shaft 15 increases by α compared with the inclination angle when the outer diameter of the grinding wheel 16 is small. The change of the feeding position is the same, and the radial dimension corresponding to the grinding wheel 16 is not only suitable for step control, but also suitable for stepless control.

According to the cutting speed of the original workpiece W, the corresponding diameter of the grinding wheel will not change within a certain range. At the same time, not only the desired surface roughness can be obtained, but also the finishing size of the inner diameter can be determined within a certain range. Eliminates the inclination of the grinding surface.

Furthermore, if the grinding surface of the workpiece W is corrected by adjusting the rotation position of the main shaft portion 6, the outer surface shape of the grinding wheel 16 itself maintains its inclination and does not change even after correction. That is to say, the section of the emery wheel 16 gradually increases along the front end direction and is trimmed and formed. In this case, the larger the outer diameter of the grinding wheel 16, the greater the inclination of the obtained dressing and forming based on the aforementioned grinding results. Needless to say, when the outer diameter is small, the inclination decreases accordingly. .

From the above description, it can be clearly understood that if the inner surface grinding device related to the utility model is used to adjust the angle of the center of rotation between the workpiece and the grinding wheel, the grinding wheel will be trimmed and shaped according to the prescribed inclination. Rotary deflection, you can get a suitable grinding surface without inclination. But this kind of grinding device reduces the taper of the inner surface of the workpiece during grinding because it relies on machinery. For this reason, we need to develop a device with higher quality to complete the inner surface grinding process.

Example 2

As shown in Figure 3, the inner surface grinding device of the present utility model installs a spindle bed 2 and a grinding wheel table 3 on the machine tool 1, and the specific structure is as follows:

The spindle base 2 consists of a spindle lower base 4 fixed on the machine tool 1, a spindle table 5 mounted on the spindle lower base 4 and reciprocating in the X-axis direction (up and down in FIG. 3 ), and a spindle portion mounted on the spindle table 5. 6 structure, the main shaft table 5 is connected with the cutting servo motor 7, the main shaft table 5 is driven by the cutting servo motor 7 installed on the main shaft lower table 4, and its position is determined in the direction of the Z axis (the left and right direction in Fig. 3). Location. A chuck 10 is attached to one end of the spindle unit 6 , and a cylindrical workpiece W is fixed to the chuck 10 , and the spindle unit 6 rotates together with the workpiece W via the chuck 10 .

The grinding wheel table 3 is composed of a grinding wheel table body 11, a grinding wheel worktable 12, and a grinding head 13. The grinding wheel workbench 12 is arranged on the grinding wheel table body 11. The front end of the rotating shaft 15 is fixed with a grinding wheel 16, and a sensor G for detecting the bending degree of the workpiece is arranged below the rotating shaft 15, and the grinding wheel 16 is rotated through the rotating shaft 15, and the inner surface of the workpiece W is also ground. possible. The grinding wheel table 12 is connected with the working surface drive servo motor 14, and the grinding wheel table 12 can move back and forth in the Z-axis direction (the left and right direction in Fig. 3 ) within the scope of the grinding wheel table body 11 through the drive of the working surface driving servo motor 14 , so that its position is determined at the specified position in the Z-axis direction.

The cutting servo motor 7 and the table driving servo motor 14 are respectively connected to the control device, and the cutting servo motor 7, the table driving servo motor 14 and other motors are driven and controlled by input signals from the control device.

The inner surface grinding method of this embodiment is performed by various processes of low-precision grinding, high-precision grinding, and non-spark cutting. Also, the above-mentioned cutting feed rate of the grinding wheel 16 is a constant value. In the grinding process, due to the bending of the rotary shaft 15, the inner diameter of the workpiece W cannot become as large as the cutting feed amount, and a cutting residue occurs. Since the sharpness of the grinding wheel 16 varies with the diameter of the grinding wheel, the amount of cutting residue also varies. Even in dimensional processing that does not use in-process measurement, in order to make the actual finishing grinding amount as constant as possible and the cylindricity and surface roughness of the inner surface of the workpiece W to be stable, the cutting feed position should be set according to the grinding wheel 16 The outer diameter size varies. During rough grinding, the cutting feed position will change as the outer diameter of the grinding wheel 16 changes.

As shown in Figure 3, the internal surface grinding device of this embodiment improves the angle of the main shaft part 6 by using the main shaft rotation servo motor, cancels the supporting shaft and the main shaft rotation servo motor, and replaces it with the detection of the bending degree of the grinding wheel shaft during processing A sensor G for detecting the degree of curvature of the workpiece is installed below the rotary shaft 15. After the detection is completed, the feedback control device corrects the grinding wheel to a corresponding taper, so that the grinding process of the inner surface is more accurate and more in line with the installation requirements of the workpiece.

The inner surface grinding method of this embodiment is performed by various processes of low-precision grinding, high-precision grinding, and non-spark cutting. Also, the above-mentioned cutting feed rate of the grinding wheel 16 is a constant value. In the grinding process, due to the bending of the rotary shaft 15, the inner diameter of the workpiece W cannot become as large as the cutting feed amount, and a cutting residue occurs. Since the sharpness of the grinding wheel 16 varies with the diameter of the grinding wheel, the amount of cutting residue also varies. Even in dimensional processing that does not use in-process measurement, in order to make the actual finishing grinding amount as constant as possible and the cylindricity and surface roughness of the inner surface of the workpiece W to be stable, the cutting feed position should be set according to the grinding wheel 16 The outer diameter size varies. During rough grinding, the cutting feed position will change as the outer diameter of the grinding wheel 16 changes.

Claims (4)

1. a grinding internal surface device, it is characterised in that installing fast headstock and emery wheel platform on lathe, concrete structure is as follows:

Fast headstock by the main shaft lower stage being fixed on lathe, be assemblied in main shaft lower stage and the spindle table moved back and forth in X-direction, be assemblied in spindle table and the main shaft part that can turn round in horizontal plane is constituted, spindle table is connected with cutting servomotor, in spindle table, being installed with the main shaft part can independently turned round centered by fulcrum, main shaft part is connected with main shaft gyration servomotor；One end of main shaft part is provided with chuck, the workpiece of fixed cylindrical shape on chuck, and main shaft part is turned round with workpiece jointly by chuck；

Emery wheel platform is made up of emery wheel playscript with stage directions body, stone platform, bistrique, on emery wheel playscript with stage directions body, stone platform is set, bistrique is fixed on stone platform, and at the fixed abrasive grinding wheel in the front end of the gyroaxis extended out from bistrique, stone platform drives servomotor to be connected with work surface.

2. according to the grinding internal surface device described in claim 1, it is characterised in that cutting servomotor, main shaft gyration servomotor, workbench drive servomotor to be connected with control device respectively.

3. a grinding internal surface device, it is characterised in that installing fast headstock and emery wheel platform on lathe, concrete structure is as follows:

Fast headstock by the main shaft lower stage being fixed on lathe, be assemblied in main shaft lower stage and the spindle table moved back and forth in X-direction, the main shaft part that is assemblied in spindle table is constituted, spindle table is connected with cutting servomotor；One end of main shaft part is provided with chuck, the workpiece of fixed cylindrical shape on chuck, and main shaft part is turned round with workpiece W jointly by chuck；

Emery wheel platform is made up of emery wheel playscript with stage directions body, stone platform, bistrique, on emery wheel playscript with stage directions body, stone platform is set, bistrique is fixed on stone platform, at the fixed abrasive grinding wheel in the front end of the gyroaxis extended out from bistrique, arrange the sensor of detection workpiece bows degree in the lower section of gyroaxis, stone platform drives servomotor to be connected with work surface.

4. according to the grinding internal surface device described in claim 3, it is characterised in that cutting servomotor, workbench drive servomotor to be connected with control device respectively.