CN205408546U - Spiral process variable is driped irrigation and is joined in marriage fertile device - Google Patents

Abstract

<b>The utility model relates to the technical field. It is a spiral adjustable variable drip irrigation and fertilizer distribution device, which includes a fertilizer storage bin, a spiral fertilizer distribution device and a fertilizer dissolving tank. There is a fertilizer dispensing port on the upper right side of the fertilizer bin, and a screw fertilizer dispenser that can send the fertilizer in the fertilizer storage bin to the fertilizer distribution port is installed inside the fertilizer storage bin. Frequency conversion motor, the upper part of the fertilizer dissolving tank is provided with a water inlet, the lower part of the fertilizer dissolving tank is provided with a fertilizer liquid outlet, and the middle and upper part of the fertilizer dissolving tank is provided with a dissolving tank fertilizer inlet, a water inlet, a fertilizer liquid outlet and a dissolving tank fertilizer inlet communicate with the inner cavity of the fertilizer dissolving tank respectively. The utility model has a reasonable and compact structure and is easy to use. It can change the speed of fertilizer distribution by controlling the rotating speed of the screw fertilizer distribution device through a frequency conversion motor, and realize precise fertilizer distribution. The fertilizer has good uniformity and high stability. Moreover, it can realize real-time fertilization and fertilizer distribution, and has the characteristics of labor saving, simplicity and high efficiency. </b>

Description

Spiral adjustable variable drip irrigation and fertilizer distribution device

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field, which is a spiral adjustable variable variable drip irrigation and fertilizer distribution device.

Background technique

At present, with the development of drip irrigation technology under film in modern agriculture, it has become an inevitable trend in the development of modern agriculture to add fertilizer and irrigation to increase crop yield in the process of planting crops. Since most of the crops are planted under the plastic film, the additional fertilization of the crops under the plastic film is very troublesome. Under-mulch fertilization requires solid fertilizers to be dissolved in irrigation water to fertilize together with the irrigation water. For this reason, it is particularly critical to prepare a uniform, precise and stable irrigation fertilizer solution that meets the needs of crop growth. Therefore, the birth of an automatic drip irrigation and fertilizer distribution device appears to be particularly important. Under-mulch drip irrigation and fertilization mainly uses drip irrigation devices and uses drip irrigation water as a carrier to deliver the precise, uniform and stable nutrient solution prepared by the fertilizer distribution device to the plants to achieve integrated utilization and management of water and fertilizer. Make water and fertilizer supply crops to absorb and utilize in an optimal combination state in the soil.

In the general research process, it is difficult to control the concentration stability and uniformity of the drip irrigation fertilizer solution. The efficiency and precision of the traditional artificial fertilizer distribution method are low. Insufficient facilities and empiricism in the manual operation process will cause fertilizer utilization. The shortcomings of low fertilizer concentration, poor uniformity of fertilizer concentration, high labor intensity of field tasks, and non-real-time performance cannot meet the current needs of precise and real-time fertilization in farmland. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve the accuracy, uniformity and stability of the fertilizer solution and other comprehensive automation integration technologies to realize the automatic and precise variable preparation of the drip irrigation fertilizer solution for farmland and ensure reliable irrigation fertilizer solution for farmers. In this way, the amount of irrigation water, irrigation time, fertilization uniformity, and fertilization time can all reach a certain degree of precision, and it has the characteristics of synchronous and centralized supply of water and fertilizer, which can benefit from one investment for many years, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the utilization rate of water and fertilizer, instead of manual fertilization. Unnecessary damage to crops results in increased crop yields.

The currently used large-scale drip irrigation and fertilization devices for crops are generally pressure-difference drip irrigation and fertilization devices, which are composed of liquid storage tanks (fertilizer tanks), water inlet pipes, fertilizer supply liquid pipes, pressure regulating valves, etc. Although it can achieve fertilizer distribution and fertilization It will not cause fertilizer backflow and will not pollute water sources, but it cannot control the concentration of fertilizers in large-scale planting areas of crops, and it is difficult to achieve the purpose of uniform, stable and continuous fertilization of fertilizer liquid; at the same time, it will cause The addition time of solid granular fertilizer is uncertain, and there is no-load operation state; the most serious defect of fertilizer distribution is that the concentration of fertilizer will be too high at the beginning of fertilization, and the concentration will almost reach zero at the end; and the fertilizer distribution tank The volume is limited, and the frequent addition of solid granular fertilizer is not suitable for large-scale fertilization irrigation; and there are certain shortcomings such as head loss, which cannot meet the requirements of precise fertilization. At the same time, it is impossible to control the time and cycle of fertilization. The sharp increase in production costs cannot effectively increase the yield of crops to a large extent, and the utilization rate of fertilizers cannot achieve the expected purpose, resulting in waste of fertilizers and soil environmental pollution.

Therefore, the existing agricultural drip irrigation and fertilizer distribution devices have the following deficiencies in actual use: generally, artificial fertilizer distribution is used, which has a heavy workload, high labor intensity, and uncontrollable fertilizer addition time, and cannot realize real-time fertilizer addition and distribution. Fertilizer, failed to achieve multi-variable fertilization.

Most of the current agricultural plantings are planted in large areas, and the amount of fertilizer applied in the process of additional irrigation and fertilization is large. However, most of the existing fertilization devices are for fertilization of small areas, and they are still in the stage of manual fertilization. Therefore, it has been impossible to achieve The needs of modern agricultural development.

Modern agriculture is developing in the direction of automation, intelligence and precision, and has relatively high requirements for the uniformity and stability of fertilization concentration. However, the uniformity of fertilizer prepared by existing fertilization devices is relatively poor, and the stability is almost non-existent.

The existing drip irrigation and fertilization devices have not fully utilized modern high-tech, and there is a serious hysteresis in both the fertilizer distribution process and the fertilizer distribution mechanism.

Contents of the invention

The utility model provides a spiral adjustable variable-variable drip irrigation fertilizer distribution device, which overcomes the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, and can effectively solve the problems of time-consuming and laborious manual fertilizer distribution and low work efficiency in the existing agricultural drip irrigation fertilizer distribution device. The uniformity and stability of the fertilizers are poor, and it is impossible to add fertilizers and mix fertilizers in real time.

The technical scheme of the utility model is realized through the following measures: a spiral adjustable variable drip irrigation and fertilizer distribution device, including a fertilizer storage bin, a spiral fertilizer distribution device and a fertilizer dissolving tank, and the upper end of the fertilizer storage bin has a fertilizer port , there is a fertilizer distribution port on the upper right end of the fertilizer storage bin, and a screw-type fertilizer distribution device that can send the fertilizer in the fertilizer storage bin to the fertilizer distribution port is installed inside the fertilizer storage bin, and a screw-type fertilizer distribution device that can drive the fertilizer is installed on the fertilizer storage bin Working frequency conversion motor, the upper part of the fertilizer dissolving tank is provided with a water inlet, the lower part of the fertilizer dissolving tank is provided with a fertilizer liquid outlet, the middle and upper end of the fertilizer dissolving tank is provided with a dissolving tank fertilizer inlet, a water inlet, a fertilizer liquid outlet and a dissolving tank inlet The fertilizer ports communicate with the inner cavity of the fertilizer dissolving tank respectively, and the fertilizer inlet port of the dissolving tank communicates with the fertilizer distributing port through the fertilizer delivery pipe.

Below is the further optimization or/and improvement to above-mentioned utility model technical scheme:

The inside of the above-mentioned fertilizer storage bin can be fixed with a fertilizer dispensing working bin inclined along the left, lower, right and upper directions, and the bottom of the fertilizer storage bin corresponding to the lower left part of the fertilizer distributing working bin is provided with a sloping plate at the bottom of the bin that is inclined to the left and lower, and the fertilizer distributing work The position of the right end of the bin corresponds to the fertilizer distribution port, the lower end of the spiral fertilizer distribution device is installed in the lower left part of the inner cavity of the fertilizer storage bin, the upper part of the screw type fertilizer distribution device is installed in the fertilizer distribution port, and the middle part of the screw type fertilizer distribution device is located in the In the fertilizer distributing working chamber, the fertilizer delivery pipe is arranged inclined along the left, upper, right and lower directions. The fertilizer inlet of the dissolving tank is provided with a piston sealing device capable of closing the fertilizer inlet of the dissolving tank. The chamber communicates with the fertilizer inlet of the dissolving tank.

Above-mentioned piston sealing device can comprise piston cylinder body, linear motor, piston rod and piston, and the lower end of piston cylinder body is fixed on the fertilizer inlet of dissolving tank, and linear motor is fixedly installed above piston cylinder body, and the middle part of piston cylinder body is provided with The piston cylinder feed port connected to the inner cavity of the piston cylinder, the piston cylinder feed port communicates with the discharge port of the fertilizer delivery pipe, the lower end of the piston cylinder body is provided with the piston cylinder discharge port, and the piston cylinder discharge port enters the fertilizer through the melting tank. The fertilizer port communicates with the inner cavity of the fertilizer dissolving tank, the upper end of the piston rod is fixed on the mover of the linear motor, the lower end of the piston rod is fixedly equipped with a piston, and the piston is sleeved in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder and can move up and down.

The lower end of the above-mentioned rotary fertilizer distribution device can be installed in the lower left part of the inner cavity of the fertilizer storage bin through the inclination adjustment device. On the inner wall of the lower left part of the warehouse, the right end of the inclination adjustment disc is hingedly installed on the fertilizer distribution frame, and the lower end of the fertilizer distribution device frame corresponding to the left part of the inclination adjustment disc is provided with a screw hole for mounting the top screw. The screw hole of the top screw is fixedly installed on the frame of the fertilizer distribution device. The outer end of the adjustment top wire is located outside the fertilizer storage bin and is fixed with a bolt head or an adjustment handle. The inner end of the adjustment top wire is fastened to the lower left part of the inclination adjustment plate. .

The above-mentioned spiral fertilizer distribution device may include a fertilizer distribution drive shaft and a fertilizer distribution spiral blade. The fertilizer distribution spiral blade is arranged around the outer side of the fertilizer transmission shaft along the helix line. The fertilizer distribution spiral blade includes a spiral bottom plate and a spiral side plate. The edge is connected with the lower end of the cross-section of the spiral side plate to form a spiral conveying groove. The inner edge of the cross-section of the spiral bottom plate is fixed on the fertilizer distribution drive shaft through the connecting ribs. The lower end of the spiral conveying groove is provided with a fertilizer input port. The upper end of the slot is provided with a fertilizer port, the lower end of the fertilizer transmission shaft is installed on the inclination adjustment plate through a bearing, and the upper part of the fertilizer transmission shaft is fixed with a transmission part and is connected with the power output shaft of the frequency conversion motor through the transmission part.

The left part of the inner cavity and the right part of the inner cavity of the above-mentioned fertilizer dissolving tank can be respectively provided with a left filter screen and a right filter screen. chamber and the right chamber of the dissolving tank, the lower end of the middle part of the dissolving fertilizer tank is provided with a slag discharge port, the water inlet communicates with the left chamber of the dissolving tank, the fertilizer liquid outlet communicates with the right chamber of the dissolving tank, the fertilizer inlet and slag discharge port of the dissolving tank communicate with the dissolving tank The middle cavity is connected; or/and, the lower end of the fertilizer storage bin corresponding to the left end of the sloping plate at the bottom of the bin can be provided with a waste fertilizer outlet, and the upper right end of the fertilizer storage bin can be hingedly equipped with a bin cover; or/and, the lower end of the fertilizer storage bin can be The fertilizer bin bracket is fixed, and the lower end of the fertilizer dissolving tank can be fixed with a dissolving tank bracket.

The outside of the above-mentioned fertilizer storage bin can be equipped with a PLC control device, and the water inlet can be connected with a water inlet pipe through a water inlet solenoid valve. The fertilizer supply solenoid valve can be installed on the liquid outlet. The PLC control device can include a control box, a control touch screen and a PLC controller. The PLC controller is fixed inside the control box, and the control touch screen is fixed outside the control box. The communication terminal of the PLC controller is electrically connected with the communication terminal of the PLC controller, the power supply terminal of the PLC controller is electrically connected with the power supply through a switch, the power supply terminal of the frequency conversion motor and the power supply terminal of the linear motor are respectively connected with the power supply through a switch , the control terminal of the frequency conversion motor, the control terminal of the linear motor, the control terminal of the water inlet solenoid valve and the control terminal of the fertilizer supply solenoid valve are respectively electrically connected to the control terminals of the PLC controller.

The utility model has a reasonable and compact structure and is easy to use. It can change the speed of fertilizer distribution by controlling the rotating speed of the screw fertilizer distribution device through a frequency conversion motor, and realize precise fertilizer distribution. The fertilizer has good uniformity and high stability. Moreover, it can realize real-time fertilization and fertilizer distribution, and has the characteristics of labor saving, simplicity and high efficiency.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the front view sectional structural schematic diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing 2 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the spiral fertilizer distribution device in accompanying drawing 1.

The codes in the drawings are: 1 is the fertilizer storage bin, 2 is the fertilizer dissolving tank, 3 is the fertilizer adding port, 4 is the fertilizer distribution port, 5 is the frequency conversion motor, 6 is the water inlet, 7 is the fertilizer liquid outlet, 8 is the The fertilizer inlet of the dissolving tank, 9 is the fertilizer delivery pipe, 10 is the working chamber for fertilizer distribution, 11 is the inclined plate at the bottom of the chamber, 12 is the piston cylinder, 13 is the linear motor, 14 is the piston rod, 15 is the piston, and 16 is the fertilizer distribution Device frame, 17 is the inclination adjustment disc, 18 is the adjusting jackscrew, 19 is the jackscrew installation screw hole, 20 is the fertilizer transmission shaft, 21 is the spiral bottom plate, 22 is the spiral side plate, 23 is the connecting rib, 24 is the bearing, 25 is a transmission part, 26 is a left filter screen, 27 is a right filter screen, 28 is a slag discharge port, 29 is a waste fertilizer discharge port, 30 is a bin cover, 31 is a fertilizer bin bracket, 32 is a melting tank bracket, and 33 is an inlet Water solenoid valve, 34 is water inlet pipeline, and 35 is check valve, and 36 is fertilizer supply solenoid valve, and 37 is control box, and 38 is control touch screen.

detailed description

The utility model is not limited by the following examples, and the specific implementation manner can be determined according to the technical scheme of the utility model and actual conditions.

In this utility model, for the convenience of description, the description of the relative positional relationship of each component is described according to the layout method of Fig. The relationship is determined according to the layout direction of the drawings in the description.

Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described:

As shown in accompanying drawings 1 and 2, the spiral adjustable variable drip irrigation and fertilizer distribution device includes a fertilizer storage bin 1, a spiral fertilizer distribution device and a fertilizer dissolving tank 2. The upper end of the fertilizer storage bin 1 has a fertilizer port 3 for storing fertilizer. There is a fertilizer dispensing port 4 on the upper right end of the bin 1, and a screw type fertilizer dispenser that can send the fertilizer in the fertilizer storage bin 1 to the fertilizer distributing port 4 is installed inside the fertilizer storage bin 1. The frequency conversion motor 5 of the fertilizer dispenser works, the top of the fertilizer dissolving tank 2 is provided with a water inlet 6, the bottom of the fertilizer dissolving tank 2 is provided with a fertilizer liquid outlet 7, and the middle upper end of the fertilizer dissolving tank 2 is provided with a dissolving tank fertilizer inlet 8, The water inlet 6, the fertilizer liquid outlet 7 and the fertilizer inlet 8 of the dissolving tank communicate with the inner cavity of the fertilizer dissolving tank 2 respectively, and the fertilizer inlet 8 of the dissolving tank communicates with the fertilizer distribution port 4 through the fertilizer delivery pipe 9. Utilizing the variable speed principle of the frequency conversion motor 5, the speed of the screw fertilizer distribution device is changed by the speed of the frequency conversion motor 5, and then the speed of fertilizer distribution is changed to achieve precise fertilizer distribution. The fertilizer is not only uniform and stable , and can realize real-time fertilizer addition and fertilizer distribution. The utility model replaces the existing way of artificially adding solid granular fertilizers, which not only saves manpower, but also realizes the automatic real-time control of the addition amount of solid granular fertilizers, controls the uniformity and stability of the irrigation fertilizer liquid concentration, and realizes The purpose of on-demand fertilization and precision fertilization, while improving the efficiency of drip irrigation and fertilization and the utilization rate of fertilizers, has obvious advantages over traditional artificial survey methods.

According to actual needs, the above-mentioned spiral adjustable variable drip irrigation and fertilizer distribution device can be further optimized or/and improved:

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the inside of the fertilizer storage bin 1 is fixed with a fertilizer distribution working bin 10 inclined along the lower left and upper right. The slant plate 11 at the bottom of the bin is inclined, the right end of the fertilizer distribution working bin 10 corresponds to the fertilizer distribution port 4, the lower end of the spiral fertilizer distribution device is installed at the lower left part of the inner cavity of the fertilizer storage bin 1, and the screw type fertilizer distribution device The upper part is installed in the fertilizer dispensing port 4, the middle part of the spiral fertilizer distributing device is located in the fertilizer distributing working chamber 10, the fertilizer conveying pipe 9 is arranged obliquely along the left, upper, right and lower directions, and the dissolving tank fertilizer inlet 8 is provided with a closed dissolving tank inlet. The piston sealing device of the fertilizer port 8, the discharge port of the fertilizer delivery pipe 9 communicates with the fertilizer inlet 8 of the dissolving tank through the inner chamber of the piston sealing device.

As shown in accompanying drawings 1 and 2, the piston sealing device includes a piston cylinder 12, a linear motor 13, a piston rod 14 and a piston 15. A linear motor 13 is fixedly installed, and the middle part of the piston cylinder body 12 is provided with a piston cylinder feed port communicating with the piston cylinder body 12 inner chambers, and the piston cylinder feed port communicates with the discharge port of the fertilizer delivery pipe 9, and the piston cylinder body 12 The lower end of the piston cylinder is provided with a discharge port of the piston cylinder, and the discharge port of the piston cylinder communicates with the inner cavity of the fertilizer tank 2 through the fertilizer inlet 8 of the dissolving tank. The upper end of the piston rod 14 is fixed on the mover of the linear motor 13, and the The lower end is fixedly equipped with a piston 15, and the piston 15 is sleeved in the cavity of the piston cylinder 12 and can move up and down. The sealing of the fertilizer dissolving tank 2 can be ensured when the fertilizer is dissolved by the piston sealing device.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the lower end of the rotary fertilizer dispenser is installed in the lower left part of the inner cavity of the fertilizer storage bin 1 through an inclination adjustment device. 18. The fertilizer distribution frame 16 is fixed on the lower left inner wall of the fertilizer storage bin 1, and the right end of the inclination adjustment disc 17 is hingedly mounted on the fertilizer distribution device frame 16, corresponding to the lower end of the fertilizer distribution device frame 16 at the left position of the inclination adjustment disc 17 There is a top screw mounting screw hole 19, and the middle part of the adjusting top screw 18 is fixedly installed on the fertilizer distribution frame 16 through the screw thread and the top screw mounting screw hole 19. The outer end of the adjusting top screw 18 is located outside the fertilizer storage bin 1 and is fixed with Bolt head or adjusting handle, the inner end of adjusting jackscrew 18 is tight on the left part lower end of inclination adjusting disc 17. By changing the extension length of the adjusting top wire 18, the inclination angle of the inclination adjustment disc 17 can be changed, and finally the single fertilizer input amount of the rotary fertilizer distributor can be changed to realize variable fertilizer distribution.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the spiral fertilizer distribution device includes a fertilizer distribution drive shaft 20 and a fertilizer distribution screw blade. The fertilizer distribution screw blade is arranged around the outer side of the fertilizer distribution drive shaft 20 along a spiral line, and the fertilizer distribution screw blade includes a spiral bottom plate 21. And the spiral side plate 22, the outer edge of the cross-section of the spiral bottom plate 21 is connected with the lower end of the cross-section of the spiral side plate 22 to form a spiral conveying groove, and the inner edge of the cross-section of the spiral bottom plate 21 is fixed on the fertilizer transmission shaft 20 through the connecting rib 23 , the lower end of the spiral conveying trough is provided with a fertilizer input port, the upper end of the spiral conveying trough is provided with a fertilizer outlet port, the lower end of the fertilizer distribution drive shaft 20 is installed on the inclination adjustment disc 17 through the bearing 24, and the upper part of the fertilizer distribution drive shaft 20 A transmission member 25 is fixed and connected with the power output shaft of the variable frequency motor 5 through the transmission member 25 .

As shown in accompanying drawing 1,2, the inner chamber left part and the right part of the inner cavity of the fertilizer dissolving tank 2 are respectively provided with a left filter screen 26 and a right filter screen 27, and the left filter screen 26 and the right filter screen 27 make the fertilizer dissolving tank 2 The inner cavity of the tank is divided into the left cavity of the dissolving tank, the middle cavity of the dissolving tank and the right cavity of the dissolving tank. The lower end of the middle part of the fertilizer dissolving tank 2 is provided with a slagging outlet 28, the water inlet 6 communicates with the left cavity of the dissolving tank, and the fertilizer liquid outlet 7 communicates with the dissolving tank. The right cavity of the tank is connected, and the fertilizer inlet 8 and the slag discharge port 28 of the melting tank are connected with the middle cavity of the melting tank. The fertilizer solution in the fertilizer dissolving tank 2 can be filtered by the left filter screen 26 and the right filter screen 27, so that the water-insoluble residue is left in the cavity of the dissolving tank, and can be discharged through the slag outlet 28 after the operation is finished.

As shown in accompanying drawings 1 and 2, the lower end of the fertilizer storage bin 1 corresponding to the left end position of the bottom inclined plate 11 is provided with a fertilizer discharge port 29, and the upper right end of the fertilizer storage bin 1 is hingedly equipped with a bin cover 30. After the operation, the remaining solid granular fertilizer in the fertilizer storage bin 1 can be discharged through the waste fertilizer discharge port 29, and the fertilizer port 3 can be covered by the bin cover 30 to prevent impurities such as sand and dust from entering the fertilizer storage bin 1.

As shown in accompanying drawings 1 and 2, the lower end of the fertilizer storage bin 1 is fixed with a fertilizer bin support 31, and the lower end of the fertilizer dissolving tank 2 is fixed with a dissolving tank support 32. The fertilizer storage bin 1 and the fertilizer dissolving tank 2 can be supported by the fertilizer bin bracket 31 and the dissolving tank bracket 32, which not only make their placement more stable, but also can prevent moisture and water, and prolong the service life of the equipment.

As shown in the accompanying drawings 1 and 2, the outside of the fertilizer storage bin 1 is provided with a PLC control device, and the water inlet 6 is connected with a water inlet pipe 34 through a water inlet solenoid valve 33, and the water inlet pipe 34 is installed with a fertilizer tank 2 that can prevent the fertilizer from dissolving. The inner liquid enters the one-way valve 35 of the water inlet pipe 34, and the fertilizer supply solenoid valve 36 is installed on the fertilizer liquid outlet 7. The PLC control device includes a control box 37, a control touch screen 38 and a PLC controller, and the PLC controller is fixedly installed on the control panel. Inside the box 37, the control touch screen 38 is fixedly installed outside the control box 37, the communication terminal of the control touch screen 38 is electrically connected with the communication terminal of the PLC controller, and the power terminal of the PLC controller is electrically connected with the power supply through a switch. The power supply terminal of the frequency conversion motor 5 and the power supply terminal of the linear motor 13 are electrically connected together with the power supply respectively by a switch, the control terminal of the frequency conversion motor 5, the control terminal of the linear motor 13, the control terminal of the water inlet solenoid valve 33 and the fertilizer supply solenoid valve The control terminals of 36 are electrically connected with the control terminals of the PLC controller respectively. Automatic control can be realized by PLC control device.

In addition, it can be combined with the SPAD value chlorophyll analyzer to detect the SPAD value of crop leaves, determine the amount of fertilizer applied and input it into the PLC control device to realize automatic fertilization and fertilization. The SPAD value chlorophyll meter is an existing well-known and public device. The SPAD value chlorophyll meter evaluates the relative content of chlorophyll in the current leaves by measuring the absorption rate of leaves in two wavelength bands. The SPAD value refers to the relative content of chlorophyll. Content, through the SPAD value, we can understand the plant nitro demand, and can also calculate the content of nitrogen fertilizer. By calculating the amount of light transmitted by leaves in two different wavelength regions, chlorophyll absorbs light differently in these two regions, and these two regions are red light regions (higher absorption of light and not affected by carrots) element effect) and infrared region (very low absorption of light). Because the SPAD value is related to the chlorophyll content of the plant, as long as the chlorophyll content in the plant is measured, the SPAD value can be known. Chlorophyll is the main substance that absorbs light. Different wavelengths of light have different amounts of light absorbed by leaves, so through two wavelengths The relative amount of chlorophyll in leaves is determined by the light transmittance coefficient within a certain range. Therefore, by detecting the SPAD value of crop leaves, the amount of fertilizer can be determined through a model based on crop nitrogen nutrition assessment. Input the amount of fertilization, fertilization area and fertilization time into the PLC control device to precisely control the amount of solid granular fertilizer added to realize automatic and precise variable fertilization.

The above technical features constitute the best embodiment of the utility model, which has strong adaptability and best implementation effect, and non-essential technical features can be increased or decreased according to actual needs to meet the needs of different situations.

The use process of the most preferred embodiment of the present utility model: first, according to the growth situation of crops in a certain area, measure the SPAD value of crop leaves by the SPAD value chlorophyll measuring instrument, determine the amount of fertilizer application based on the model of crop nitrogen nutrition evaluation, that is The amount of solid fertilizer that needs to be added; Then, after determining the additional amount of solid fertilizer, input the crop area of fertigation, the applied amount of solid granular fertilizer and the time of fertigation by the control touch screen 38 of the PLC control device, Thereby determine the number of times of fertilization, the amount of fertilization each time, the time of fertilization and the time of single fertilization. At this time, the PLC control device can determine the speed of the variable frequency motor 5 according to these data and the fertilization efficiency of the fertilization machine; then , when the above parameters are determined, the amount of fertilizer delivered by the spiral fertilizer dispenser can be changed by adjusting the length of the top wire 18 and the inclination angle of the inclination adjustment disc 17 to meet the fertilization requirements of this fertilization. At the same time, the frequency conversion The motor 5 drives the fertilizer transmission shaft 20 to transport the solid ingredients from the bottom of the fertilizer storage bin 1 to the fertilizer delivery pipe 9, and then enters the fertilizer dissolving tank 2 through the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 12, so as to realize the precise preparation of uniform fertilizer liquid; after that , when the addition of a single solid fertilizer is completed, the variable frequency motor 5 automatically stops working, and the linear motor 13 drives the piston 15 to move downward to ensure the sealing performance of the fertilizer dissolving tank 2 when dissolving the fertilizer. At the same time, the water inlet solenoid valve 33 is opened, and the high pressure The irrigation water enters the fertilizer dissolving tank 2. After the dissolution is completed, the fertilizer supply solenoid valve 36 is opened, and the fertilizer solution is sent to the drip irrigation belt to complete fertilization; finally, when the configured irrigation fertilizer solution is filled within the irrigation time, the fertilizer supply solenoid valve 36 is closed, the water inlet solenoid valve 33 is closed, and the linear motor 13 drives the piston 15 to move up simultaneously, ensuring that the solid granular fertilizer in the fertilizer storage bin 1 enters the fertilizer dissolving tank 2 smoothly again through the screw fertilizer distributor. At this time, the PLC control device will start the frequency conversion motor 5 to work again, and carry out the next cycle of fertilization and fertilization until the required number of times of fertilization and fertilization is reached.

Because the planting area and the growth of crops are different, the quality of the solid fertilizer that needs to be added is different. For this reason, the utility model also has the effect of variable fertilization, which is mainly manifested in the controllability of the variable frequency motor 5 speeds. To change the running speed of the spiral fertilizer distribution device, so as to determine the working efficiency of the spiral fertilizer distribution device per unit time, and at the same time, the spiral fertilizer distribution device of the utility model can achieve uniform intermittent time during the process of tilting and rotating Rotational addition of solid fertilizers in the system, so as to realize precise variable addition and preparation of fertilizers through the accumulated fertilizer input and output process to change the quality of solid fertilizers added by configuration, so as to achieve precise variable control. After testing and trial use, the utility model can control the accuracy of the concentration of the fertilizer solution prepared by drip irrigation and fertilization to more than 92%, which not only has good timeliness, but also has high accuracy; and the effect of variable fertilization can meet the current requirements for large-scale planting of crops. It realizes the concept of automatic fertilizer distribution and fertilization, breaks the traditional manual fertilizer distribution, and plays a pivotal role in guiding the actual production of crops by drip irrigation and fertilization.

Claims (14)

1. a spiral regulated variable drip irrigation joins fertile device, it is characterized in that including storing up fertile storehouse, spiral fertilizer compounding device and molten fertile tank, the upper end in the fertile storehouse of storage has and adds fertile mouth, the right-hand member top in the fertile storehouse of storage has joins fertile mouth, the fertile storehouse of storage is internally installed the spiral fertilizer compounding device that fertilizer in fertile for storage storehouse can be delivered to join fertile mouth, storage is provided with, on fertile storehouse, the frequency conversion motor that spiral fertilizer compounding device can be driven to work, the top of molten fertile tank is provided with water inlet, the bottom of molten fertile tank is provided with solution outlet, the upper end, middle part of molten fertile tank is provided with molten tank and enters Fei Kou, water inlet, solution outlet and molten tank enter the fertile mouth inner chamber respectively with molten fertile tank and communicate, molten tank is entered fertile mouth and is communicated with joining fertile mouth by fertilizer delivering pipe.

Spiral regulated variable drip irrigation the most according to claim 1 joins fertile device, it is characterized in that storing up the inside in fertile storehouse to be fixed with and join fertile working bin along what lower-left upper right was obliquely installed, correspondence joins swash plate at the bottom of the storehouse being provided with inclined downward to the left bottom the fertile storehouse of storage of fertile working bin left part lower end position, the right end position joining fertile working bin is corresponding with joining fertile mouth, the lower end of spiral fertilizer compounding device is arranged on the inner chamber lower left quarter in the fertile storehouse of storage, the top of spiral fertilizer compounding device is arranged on joins in fertile mouth, the middle part of spiral fertilizer compounding device is positioned at joins fertile working bin, fertilizer delivering pipe is obliquely installed along upper left lower right, molten tank enters Fei Kouchu and is provided with and can close molten tank and enter the piston closing device of fertile mouth, the discharging opening of fertilizer delivering pipe enters Fei Kou by the inner chamber of piston closing device with molten tank and communicates.

Spiral regulated variable drip irrigation the most according to claim 2 joins fertile device, it is characterized in that piston closing device includes piston/cylinder, linear electric motors, piston rod and piston, the lower end of piston/cylinder is fixed on molten tank and enters Fei Kouchu, piston/cylinder is fixed above is provided with linear electric motors, the middle part of piston/cylinder is provided with the piston cylinder charging aperture communicated with piston/cylinder inner chamber, piston cylinder charging aperture communicates with the discharging opening of fertilizer delivering pipe, the lower end of piston/cylinder is provided with piston cylinder discharging opening, piston cylinder discharging opening enters fertile mouth by molten tank and communicates with molten fertile tank inner chamber, the upper end of piston rod is fixed on the mover of linear electric motors, the lower end of piston rod is installed with piston, piston bush is contained in piston/cylinder intracavity and can move up and down.

4. join fertile device according to the spiral regulated variable drip irrigation described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that the lower end of rotating fertilizer compounding device is arranged on the inner chamber lower left quarter in the fertile storehouse of storage by inclination-angle regulating device, inclination-angle regulating device includes fertilizer compounding device frame, tilt adjustment dish and regulation jackscrew, fertilizer compounding device frame is fixed on the lower left quarter inwall in the fertile storehouse of storage, the right-hand member of tilt adjustment dish is hingedly mounted on fertilizer compounding device frame, the fertilizer compounding device frame lower end of counter-bevel adjustment disk left part position is provided with jackscrew installation screw, the middle part of regulation jackscrew is fixedly mounted on fertilizer compounding device frame by screw thread and jackscrew installation screw, the outer end of regulation jackscrew is positioned at storage outside, fertile storehouse and is fixed with bolt head or adjusting tap, the inner of regulation jackscrew holds out against the left part lower end at tilt adjustment dish.

Spiral regulated variable drip irrigation the most according to claim 4 joins fertile device, it is characterized in that spiral fertilizer compounding device includes joining fertile power transmission shaft and joining fertile helical blade, join fertile helical blade along helix around joining setting outside fertile power transmission shaft, join fertile helical blade and include spiral bottom board and spiral side plate, the cross section outer rim of spiral bottom board and the lower end, cross section of spiral side plate are connected as a single entity and form helical form delivery chute, the inner edge, cross section of spiral bottom board is fixed on by dowel joins on fertile power transmission shaft, the lower end of helical form delivery chute is provided with into fertile port, the upper end of helical form delivery chute is provided with out fertile port, the lower end joining fertile power transmission shaft is arranged on tilt adjustment dish by bearing, the top joining fertile power transmission shaft is fixed with driving member and is connected with the power output shaft of frequency conversion motor by driving member.

6. join fertile device according to the spiral regulated variable drip irrigation described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that inner chamber left part and the inner chamber right part of molten fertile tank are respectively equipped with left filter screen and right filter screen, the inner chamber of molten fertile tank is divided into the left chamber of molten tank, molten tank lumen and the right chamber of molten tank by left filter screen and right filter screen, the lower end, middle part of molten fertile tank is provided with slag-drip opening, water inlet chamber left with molten tank communicates, solution exports chamber right with molten tank and communicates, and molten tank enters fertile mouth and slag-drip opening communicates with molten tank lumen；Or/and, the storage Fei Cang lower end of swash plate left position at the bottom of corresponding storehouse is provided with remaining fertile outlet, and the right-hand member upper articulation in the fertile storehouse of storage is provided with Cang Gai；Or/and, the lower end in the fertile storehouse of storage is fixed with fertile bin bracket, and the lower end of molten fertile tank is fixed with molten tank bracket.

Spiral regulated variable drip irrigation the most according to claim 4 joins fertile device, it is characterized in that inner chamber left part and the inner chamber right part of molten fertile tank are respectively equipped with left filter screen and right filter screen, the inner chamber of molten fertile tank is divided into the left chamber of molten tank, molten tank lumen and the right chamber of molten tank by left filter screen and right filter screen, the lower end, middle part of molten fertile tank is provided with slag-drip opening, water inlet chamber left with molten tank communicates, solution exports chamber right with molten tank and communicates, and molten tank enters fertile mouth and slag-drip opening communicates with molten tank lumen；Or/and, the storage Fei Cang lower end of swash plate left position at the bottom of corresponding storehouse is provided with remaining fertile outlet, and the right-hand member upper articulation in the fertile storehouse of storage is provided with Cang Gai；Or/and, the lower end in the fertile storehouse of storage is fixed with fertile bin bracket, and the lower end of molten fertile tank is fixed with molten tank bracket.

Spiral regulated variable drip irrigation the most according to claim 5 joins fertile device, it is characterized in that inner chamber left part and the inner chamber right part of molten fertile tank are respectively equipped with left filter screen and right filter screen, the inner chamber of molten fertile tank is divided into the left chamber of molten tank, molten tank lumen and the right chamber of molten tank by left filter screen and right filter screen, the lower end, middle part of molten fertile tank is provided with slag-drip opening, water inlet chamber left with molten tank communicates, solution exports chamber right with molten tank and communicates, and molten tank enters fertile mouth and slag-drip opening communicates with molten tank lumen；Or/and, the storage Fei Cang lower end of swash plate left position at the bottom of corresponding storehouse is provided with remaining fertile outlet, and the right-hand member upper articulation in the fertile storehouse of storage is provided with Cang Gai；Or/and, the lower end in the fertile storehouse of storage is fixed with fertile bin bracket, and the lower end of molten fertile tank is fixed with molten tank bracket.

nullSpiral regulated variable drip irrigation the most according to claim 3 joins fertile device，It is characterized in that storing up and outside fertile storehouse, be provided with PLC control device，Connected by entering water electromagnetic valve on water inlet and have inlet channel，The check valve being prevented from molten fertile pot liquid entrance inlet channel is installed on inlet channel，In solution outlet, fertilizer electromagnetic valve is installed，PLC controls device and includes control chamber、Control touch screen and PLC，PLC is fixedly mounted on inside control chamber，Control touch screen to be fixedly mounted on outside control chamber，The communication terminal of the communication terminal and PLC that control touch screen is electrically connected，The power supply terminal of PLC is electrically connected with power supply by switch，The power supply terminal of frequency conversion motor and the power supply terminal of linear electric motors are electrically connected with power supply by switch respectively，The control terminal of frequency conversion motor、The control terminal of linear electric motors、The control terminal of entering water electromagnetic valve and the control terminal of fertilizer electromagnetic valve control terminal with PLC respectively is electrically connected.

nullSpiral regulated variable drip irrigation the most according to claim 4 joins fertile device，It is characterized in that storing up and outside fertile storehouse, be provided with PLC control device，Connected by entering water electromagnetic valve on water inlet and have inlet channel，The check valve being prevented from molten fertile pot liquid entrance inlet channel is installed on inlet channel，In solution outlet, fertilizer electromagnetic valve is installed，PLC controls device and includes control chamber、Control touch screen and PLC，PLC is fixedly mounted on inside control chamber，Control touch screen to be fixedly mounted on outside control chamber，The communication terminal of the communication terminal and PLC that control touch screen is electrically connected，The power supply terminal of PLC is electrically connected with power supply by switch，The power supply terminal of frequency conversion motor and the power supply terminal of linear electric motors are electrically connected with power supply by switch respectively，The control terminal of frequency conversion motor、The control terminal of linear electric motors、The control terminal of entering water electromagnetic valve and the control terminal of fertilizer electromagnetic valve control terminal with PLC respectively is electrically connected.

null11. spiral regulated variable drip irrigations according to claim 5 join fertile device，It is characterized in that storing up and outside fertile storehouse, be provided with PLC control device，Connected by entering water electromagnetic valve on water inlet and have inlet channel，The check valve being prevented from molten fertile pot liquid entrance inlet channel is installed on inlet channel，In solution outlet, fertilizer electromagnetic valve is installed，PLC controls device and includes control chamber、Control touch screen and PLC，PLC is fixedly mounted on inside control chamber，Control touch screen to be fixedly mounted on outside control chamber，The communication terminal of the communication terminal and PLC that control touch screen is electrically connected，The power supply terminal of PLC is electrically connected with power supply by switch，The power supply terminal of frequency conversion motor and the power supply terminal of linear electric motors are electrically connected with power supply by switch respectively，The control terminal of frequency conversion motor、The control terminal of linear electric motors、The control terminal of entering water electromagnetic valve and the control terminal of fertilizer electromagnetic valve control terminal with PLC respectively is electrically connected.

null12. spiral regulated variable drip irrigations according to claim 6 join fertile device，It is characterized in that storing up and outside fertile storehouse, be provided with PLC control device，Connected by entering water electromagnetic valve on water inlet and have inlet channel，The check valve being prevented from molten fertile pot liquid entrance inlet channel is installed on inlet channel，In solution outlet, fertilizer electromagnetic valve is installed，PLC controls device and includes control chamber、Control touch screen and PLC，PLC is fixedly mounted on inside control chamber，Control touch screen to be fixedly mounted on outside control chamber，The communication terminal of the communication terminal and PLC that control touch screen is electrically connected，The power supply terminal of PLC is electrically connected with power supply by switch，The power supply terminal of frequency conversion motor and the power supply terminal of linear electric motors are electrically connected with power supply by switch respectively，The control terminal of frequency conversion motor、The control terminal of linear electric motors、The control terminal of entering water electromagnetic valve and the control terminal of fertilizer electromagnetic valve control terminal with PLC respectively is electrically connected.

null13. spiral regulated variable drip irrigations according to claim 7 join fertile device，It is characterized in that storing up and outside fertile storehouse, be provided with PLC control device，Connected by entering water electromagnetic valve on water inlet and have inlet channel，The check valve being prevented from molten fertile pot liquid entrance inlet channel is installed on inlet channel，In solution outlet, fertilizer electromagnetic valve is installed，PLC controls device and includes control chamber、Control touch screen and PLC，PLC is fixedly mounted on inside control chamber，Control touch screen to be fixedly mounted on outside control chamber，The communication terminal of the communication terminal and PLC that control touch screen is electrically connected，The power supply terminal of PLC is electrically connected with power supply by switch，The power supply terminal of frequency conversion motor and the power supply terminal of linear electric motors are electrically connected with power supply by switch respectively，The control terminal of frequency conversion motor、The control terminal of linear electric motors、The control terminal of entering water electromagnetic valve and the control terminal of fertilizer electromagnetic valve control terminal with PLC respectively is electrically connected.

null14. spiral regulated variable drip irrigations according to claim 8 join fertile device，It is characterized in that storing up and outside fertile storehouse, be provided with PLC control device，Connected by entering water electromagnetic valve on water inlet and have inlet channel，The check valve being prevented from molten fertile pot liquid entrance inlet channel is installed on inlet channel，In solution outlet, fertilizer electromagnetic valve is installed，PLC controls device and includes control chamber、Control touch screen and PLC，PLC is fixedly mounted on inside control chamber，Control touch screen to be fixedly mounted on outside control chamber，The communication terminal of the communication terminal and PLC that control touch screen is electrically connected，The power supply terminal of PLC is electrically connected with power supply by switch，The power supply terminal of frequency conversion motor and the power supply terminal of linear electric motors are electrically connected with power supply by switch respectively，The control terminal of frequency conversion motor、The control terminal of linear electric motors、The control terminal of entering water electromagnetic valve and the control terminal of fertilizer electromagnetic valve control terminal with PLC respectively is electrically connected.