CN205313221U - " deposit + complexing " be filter effects's heavy metal wastewater purifier in coordination - Google Patents

" deposit + complexing " be filter effects's heavy metal wastewater purifier in coordination Download PDF

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CN205313221U
CN205313221U CN201521079513.2U CN201521079513U CN205313221U CN 205313221 U CN205313221 U CN 205313221U CN 201521079513 U CN201521079513 U CN 201521079513U CN 205313221 U CN205313221 U CN 205313221U
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complexation
heavy metal
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filter course
wastewater
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余义开
欧阳琴
贾倩
洪小玲
黎雨洁
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Jiangxi Normal University
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Abstract

本实用新型公开了一种“沉积+络合”协同过滤作用的重金属废水净化装置,属于净化装置技术。包括沉降过滤罐和络合过滤罐。所述的沉降过滤罐:入水口与重金属废水的排水管连同,出水口与一水泵相连,且内设置沉积功能的过滤层,填充有三维阳离子化棉纤维碳酸盐,一方面可释放出碳酸根负离子(CO3 2-),能与废水中的重金属离子形成化合物沉淀,另一方面,其“三维”立体的“笼式”空间结构能对金属化合物沉淀进行多个方向的“截留”作用。所述的络合过滤罐:入水口与一水泵相连,出水管连接有蓄水罐,且内设置络合功能的过滤层,内填充有三维阴离子化棉纤维,通过其结构按“三维”立体式“笼式”空间分布的众多阴离子,能进一步对废水残余的金属离子进行多个方向的“络合吸引”作用,由此也进一步增强了对重金属离子“截留”过滤效果。

The utility model discloses a heavy metal waste water purification device with "sedimentation + complexation" synergistic filtration, which belongs to the purification device technology. Including sedimentation filter tank and complexation filter tank. Said sedimentation filter tank: the water inlet is connected with the drain pipe of the heavy metal wastewater, the water outlet is connected with a water pump, and a filter layer with a sedimentation function is set inside, filled with three-dimensional cationized cotton fiber carbonate, on the one hand, it can release carbonic acid Root negative ions (CO 3 2- ) can form compound precipitation with heavy metal ions in wastewater. On the other hand, its "three-dimensional" three-dimensional "cage" space structure can "intercept" the precipitation of metal compounds in multiple directions . The complexation filter tank: the water inlet is connected to a water pump, the water outlet pipe is connected to a water storage tank, and a filter layer with a complexation function is arranged inside, filled with three-dimensional anionized cotton fibers, and through its structure according to the "three-dimensional" three-dimensional The many anions distributed in the "cage" space can further "complex and attract" the residual metal ions in the wastewater in multiple directions, thereby further enhancing the "retention" filtering effect on heavy metal ions.

Description

一种“沉积+络合”协同过滤作用的重金属废水净化装置A heavy metal wastewater purification device with "sedimentation + complexation" collaborative filtration

技术领域 technical field

本实用新型属于净化装置技术领域,特别涉及一种“沉积+过滤”协同过滤作用的重金属废水净化装置。 The utility model belongs to the technical field of purification devices, in particular to a heavy metal waste water purification device with "sedimentation + filtration" collaborative filtration.

背景技术 Background technique

水资源严重短缺尤其环境污染的质量型缺水十分严重,是影响我国生存和稳定的重大问题。我国目前的废水排放总量为439.5亿m3,超过环境容量的82%,其中重金属废水约占60%左右;一方面其排放造成资源浪费,另一方面重金属持久性污染严重、危害性大、影响居民的饮用水安全。其中,铅、铜、镍、镉、铬、汞等9种重金属被列入我国水中优先控制的68种污染物的黑名单,如2005年我国四大水体污染事件中就有两起因重金属镉污染引起。 The serious shortage of water resources, especially the quality-based water shortage caused by environmental pollution, is very serious, and it is a major problem affecting the survival and stability of our country. my country's current total wastewater discharge is 43.95 billion m3, exceeding 82% of the environmental capacity, of which heavy metal wastewater accounts for about 60%. Residents' drinking water is safe. Among them, 9 heavy metals including lead, copper, nickel, cadmium, chromium, and mercury have been included in the blacklist of 68 pollutants that are prioritized to be controlled in water in my country. cause.

重金属废水源自于冶金、电镀、采矿、化工等部门,如矿山排水、废石场淋浸水、选矿厂尾矿排水、有色金属冶厂排水、有色金属加工厂酸洗水、电镀厂镀件洗涤水、钢铁厂酸洗排水等。废水中重金属离子的种类、含量及其存在形态随不同生产种类而异,差异很大。随着人类对重金属的开采、冶炼、加工等生产活动的日益增多,产生的重金属废水不论是从数量上还是从种类上都大大增加,造成了不少重金属进入生态系统,引起了严重的环境污染和资源浪费。因此,重金属废水的治理一直是世界环保领域的重大课题。 Heavy metal wastewater comes from metallurgy, electroplating, mining, chemical and other departments, such as mine drainage, leaching water from waste rock yards, tailings drainage from ore dressing plants, drainage from non-ferrous metal smelting plants, pickling water from non-ferrous metal processing plants, and washing of plated parts in electroplating plants Water, steel plant pickling drainage, etc. The types, contents and forms of heavy metal ions in wastewater vary greatly with different production types. With the increasing production activities such as mining, smelting and processing of heavy metals, the heavy metal wastewater produced has greatly increased both in quantity and in types, causing a lot of heavy metals to enter the ecosystem and causing serious environmental pollution. and waste of resources. Therefore, the treatment of heavy metal wastewater has always been a major issue in the field of environmental protection in the world.

目前,重金属废水的处理方法大致有化学法、物理处理法及生物处理法等三大类,各种方法均有优缺点。 At present, the treatment methods of heavy metal wastewater generally fall into three categories: chemical method, physical treatment method and biological treatment method, and each method has advantages and disadvantages.

化学法是国内外处理含重金属废水的主要方法,其包括化学沉淀法和电解法。化学沉淀法是通过化学反应使废水中重金属离子转变为不溶于水的重金属化合物沉淀,以达到从水溶液中去除的目的,包括中和沉淀法、硫化物沉淀法、铁氧体共沉淀法。它能快速去除废水中的金属离子,工艺过程简单,但由于受沉淀剂和环境条件的影响,沉淀法出水浓度一般达不到要求,且产生的沉淀物必须很好地处理与处置,否则会造成二次污染。电解法则是通过对金属离子的电解作用,使其能够从相对高浓度的溶液中分离出来,电主要用于电镀废水的处理,这种方法的缺点是水中的重金属离子浓度不能降的很低,不适于处理较低浓度的含重金属离子的废水;同时又存在电耗量大、出水水质差以及废水处理量小等不足。 Chemical methods are the main methods for treating heavy metal-containing wastewater at home and abroad, including chemical precipitation and electrolysis. The chemical precipitation method is to transform the heavy metal ions in the wastewater into water-insoluble heavy metal compound precipitation through chemical reaction, so as to achieve the purpose of removal from the aqueous solution, including neutralization precipitation method, sulfide precipitation method, and ferrite co-precipitation method. It can quickly remove metal ions in wastewater, and the process is simple, but due to the influence of precipitant and environmental conditions, the concentration of the effluent of the precipitation method generally does not meet the requirements, and the produced sediment must be well treated and disposed of, otherwise it will be cause secondary pollution. The electrolysis method is to separate metal ions from relatively high-concentration solutions through electrolysis. Electrolysis is mainly used for the treatment of electroplating wastewater. The disadvantage of this method is that the concentration of heavy metal ions in water cannot be reduced very low. It is not suitable for treating low concentration wastewater containing heavy metal ions; at the same time, it has the disadvantages of high power consumption, poor effluent quality and small wastewater treatment capacity.

一些物理处理法如离子交换法、活性炭吸附法、电渗析及反渗透等,虽然处理效果较好,但由于运行费用及原材料成本相对过高,如传统的吸附法采用昂贵的活性炭和离子交换树脂等吸附剂,难于适应大规模废水处理的需要。 Some physical treatment methods such as ion exchange, activated carbon adsorption, electrodialysis and reverse osmosis, etc., although the treatment effect is good, but due to the relatively high operating costs and raw material costs, such as the traditional adsorption method using expensive activated carbon and ion exchange resin It is difficult to adapt to the needs of large-scale wastewater treatment.

生物法借助微生物或植物的絮凝、吸收、积累、富集等作用去除废水中的重金属,是近年来发展起来的一种新方法,包括生物吸附、生物絮凝、植物修复等方法,具有经济高效、环境友好且无回用障碍等优点。但也存在应用工艺不稳定、适用范围窄等弱点,且其进一步工业化扩大仍有许多急待解决的问题。 The biological method is a new method developed in recent years to remove heavy metals in wastewater by means of flocculation, absorption, accumulation, and enrichment of microorganisms or plants, including biosorption, bioflocculation, and phytoremediation. It is economical, efficient, Environmentally friendly and no barriers to reuse. However, there are also weaknesses such as unstable application process and narrow application range, and there are still many problems to be solved urgently for its further industrialization.

综上所述,重金属废水处理应该努力的方向是既降低成本、出水水质良好,又不产生二次污染。目前采用单一的处理方法很难彻底地解决重金属废水的污染问题,集合使用两种或者多种方法则应可以更好更快地达到治理重金属废水的目的,所以,在将来重金属废水处理的领域,通过各种处理方法的复合应用预计会收到较好的效果。 To sum up, the direction of heavy metal wastewater treatment should be to reduce costs, improve effluent quality, and avoid secondary pollution. At present, it is difficult to completely solve the pollution problem of heavy metal wastewater by using a single treatment method. The combination of two or more methods should be able to achieve the purpose of treating heavy metal wastewater better and faster. Therefore, in the field of heavy metal wastewater treatment in the future, Composite application of various treatment methods is expected to receive better results.

实用新型内容 Utility model content

本实用新型的目的之一是为解决现有单一的处理方法均无法彻底根除重金属废水污染的问题,提供了一种“沉积+络合”协同过滤作用的重金属废水净化装置,具有高效、经济且无二次污染的优点。 One of the purposes of this utility model is to solve the problem that the existing single treatment method cannot completely eradicate the pollution of heavy metal wastewater, and to provide a heavy metal wastewater purification device with "sedimentation + complexation" collaborative filtration, which is efficient, economical and The advantage of no secondary pollution.

为达到上述目的,采用的技术方案为: In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted is:

一种“沉积+络合”协同过滤作用的重金属废水净化装置,包括沉降过滤罐和络合过滤罐。 A heavy metal wastewater purification device with "sedimentation + complexation" collaborative filtration, including a sedimentation filter tank and a complexation filter tank.

所述的沉降过滤罐:入水口与重金属废水的排水管连同,出水口与一水泵相连,且内设置沉积功能的过滤层,所述的沉积过滤层从上到下包含二层结构,分别是:第一过滤层和第二过滤层,所述第一过滤层内填充有三维阳离子化棉纤维碳酸盐,所述第二过滤层填充有石英砂。所述的络合过滤罐:入水口与一水泵相连,出水管连接有蓄水罐,且内设置络合功能的过滤层,所述络合过滤层从上到下包含二层结构,分别是:第一过滤层和第二过滤层,所述第一过滤层内填充有三维阴离子化棉纤维,所述第二过滤层填充有活性炭。 The sedimentation filter tank: the water inlet is connected with the drain pipe of the heavy metal wastewater, the water outlet is connected with a water pump, and a filter layer with a sedimentation function is arranged inside, and the sedimentation filter layer includes a two-layer structure from top to bottom, which are respectively : a first filter layer and a second filter layer, the first filter layer is filled with three-dimensional cationized cotton fiber carbonate, and the second filter layer is filled with quartz sand. The complexation filter tank: the water inlet is connected to a water pump, the water outlet pipe is connected to a water storage tank, and a filter layer with a complexation function is arranged inside, and the complexation filter layer includes a two-layer structure from top to bottom, which are respectively : a first filter layer and a second filter layer, the first filter layer is filled with three-dimensional anionized cotton fibers, and the second filter layer is filled with activated carbon.

进一步的,每层之间过滤层均分别设置有金属支撑架。 Further, the filter layers between each layer are respectively provided with metal support frames.

进一步的,所述两个过滤罐中的第一过滤层厚均为30~40cm,所述第二过滤层厚均为15~25cm。 Further, the thickness of the first filter layer in the two filter tanks is 30-40 cm, and the thickness of the second filter layer is 15-25 cm.

本实用新型的有益效果为:(1)在沉降过滤罐中,其填充的三维阳离子化棉纤维碳酸盐一方面可释放出碳酸根负离子(CO32-),能与废水中的重金属离子形成化合物沉淀,另一方面,其“三维”立体的“笼式”空间结构能对金属化合物沉淀进行多个方向的“截留”作用,由此可表现出更强的重金属“截留”过滤效果。(2)在络合过滤罐中,其填充的三维阴离子化棉纤维中,通过其结构按“三维”立体式“笼式”空间分布的众多阴离子,能进一步对废水残余的金属离子进行多个方向的“络合吸引”作用,由此也进一步增强了对重金属离子“截留”过滤效果。总之,通过上述“沉积+络合”的协同过滤作用,可实现重金属废水的高效净化。 The beneficial effects of the utility model are: (1) In the sedimentation filter tank, the three-dimensional cationized cotton fiber carbonate filled on the one hand can release carbonate negative ions (CO32-), which can form compounds with heavy metal ions in wastewater Precipitation, on the other hand, its "three-dimensional" three-dimensional "cage" space structure can "intercept" the metal compound precipitation in multiple directions, thus showing a stronger heavy metal "intercept" filtering effect. (2) In the complex filter tank, the three-dimensional anionized cotton fibers filled in it, through the numerous anions distributed in the "three-dimensional" three-dimensional "cage" space through its structure, can further carry out multiple treatment of residual metal ions in wastewater. The "complexation and attraction" effect of the direction further enhances the filtering effect of "retention" of heavy metal ions. In short, through the above-mentioned "sedimentation + complexation" collaborative filtration, the efficient purification of heavy metal wastewater can be achieved.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1为本实用新型装置示意图。 Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the utility model device.

具体实施方式 detailed description

下文将结合实施例详细描述本实用新型的内容。应当注意的是,下述实施例中描述的技术特征或者技术特征的组合不应当被认为是孤立的,它们可以被相互组合从而达到更好的技术效果。 The content of the utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be noted that the technical features or combinations of technical features described in the following embodiments should not be regarded as isolated, and they can be combined with each other to achieve better technical effects.

一种“沉积+络合”协同过滤作用的重金属废水净化装置,包括沉降过滤罐1和络合过滤罐2。所述的沉降过滤罐:入水口与重金属废水的排水管连同,出水口与一水泵3相连,且内设置沉积功能的过滤层,所述的沉积过滤层从上到下包含二层结构,分别是:第一过滤层和第二过滤层,所述第一过滤层内填充有三维阳离子化棉纤维碳酸盐,厚30~40cm,所述第二过滤层填充有石英砂,厚15~25cm。所述的络合过滤罐:入水口与一水泵3相连,出水管连接有蓄水罐,且内设置络合功能的过滤层,所述络合过滤层从上到下包含二层结构,分别是:第一过滤层和第二过滤层,所述第一过滤层内填充有三维阴离子化棉纤维,厚30~40cm,所述第二过滤层填充有活性炭,厚15~25cm。 A "sedimentation + complexation" collaborative filtration heavy metal wastewater purification device, including a sedimentation filter tank 1 and a complexation filter tank 2. The sedimentation filter tank: the water inlet is connected with the drain pipe of the heavy metal wastewater, the water outlet is connected with a water pump 3, and a filter layer with a sedimentation function is arranged inside, and the sedimentation filter layer includes a two-layer structure from top to bottom, respectively It is: the first filter layer and the second filter layer, the first filter layer is filled with three-dimensional cationized cotton fiber carbonate, 30~40cm thick, and the second filter layer is filled with quartz sand, 15~25cm thick . Described complexation filter tank: the water inlet is connected with a water pump 3, the water outlet pipe is connected with a water storage tank, and a filter layer with a complexation function is arranged inside, and the complexation filter layer includes a two-layer structure from top to bottom, respectively It is: a first filter layer and a second filter layer, the first filter layer is filled with three-dimensional anionized cotton fibers, 30-40cm thick, and the second filter layer is filled with activated carbon, 15-25cm thick.

本文虽然已经给出了本实用新型的一些实施例,但是本领域的技术人员应当理解,在不脱离本实用新型精神的情况下,可以对本文的实施例进行改变。上述实施例只是示例性的,不应以本文的实施例作为本实用新型权利范围的限定。 Although some embodiments of the present invention have been given herein, those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments herein can be changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary, and the embodiments herein should not be taken as limiting the scope of rights of the present utility model.

Claims (3)

1. the heavy metal wastewater thereby purifier of one kind " deposition+complexation " collaborative filtering effect, including sedimentation filtration tank and complexation filtering tank, described sedimentation filtration tank: the drain pipe of water inlet and heavy metal wastewater thereby together with, outlet and a water pump are connected, and in the filter course of deposition function is set, described cake filtration layer comprises two-layer structure from top to bottom, respectively: the first filter course and the second filter course, being filled with three-dimensional cationization cotton fiber carbonate in described first filter course, described second filter course is filled with quartz sand;Described complexation filtering tank: water inlet and a water pump are connected, outlet pipe is connected to water tank, and in the filter course of complexation function is set, described complexation filter course comprises two-layer structure from top to bottom, respectively: the first filter course and the second filter course, being filled with three-dimensional anionization cotton fiber in described first filter course, described second filter course is filled with activated carbon.
2. the heavy metal wastewater thereby purifier of " deposition+complexation " collaborative filtering effect as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that between every layer, filter course is provided with metal supporting frames respectively.
3. the heavy metal wastewater thereby purifier of " deposition+complexation " collaborative filtering effect as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that first in said two filtering tank is filtered thickness and be 30 ~ 40cm, described second filters thickness is 15 ~ 25cm.
CN201521079513.2U 2015-12-23 2015-12-23 " deposit + complexing " be filter effects's heavy metal wastewater purifier in coordination Expired - Fee Related CN205313221U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108815916A (en) * 2018-05-21 2018-11-16 陈键锋 A kind of stone pulp-water processing technique and processing equipment

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108815916A (en) * 2018-05-21 2018-11-16 陈键锋 A kind of stone pulp-water processing technique and processing equipment

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