CN205284197U - High -efficient whole rod -type sugarcane combine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-efficiency whole-rod sugarcane combine harvester, which comprises a tail removal device arranged on a vehicle frame, two or more sets of centering devices with adjustable spacing between outer rollers, and two or more sets of adjustable spacing devices. Root cutting device, conveying device and loading and unloading device, walking mechanism with adjustable left and right wheelbase, and frame structure with adjustable height from the ground; the tail removal device includes a leaf beating roller and a leaf beating roller that drives the leaf beating roller to rotate motor, the outer circumference of the leaf-threshing cylinder is provided with leaf-threshing bars and tail-clamping rods at intervals, and the tail-clamping rod is used to knock off the tail of sugarcane; The righting roller above the ground-attached cone, the said ground-attached cone shovels the sugarcane on the ground and sends it to the said righting roller, and the said righting roller guides the sugarcane and lifts it to the operation range of the root cutting device. The utility model has the characteristics of simple process, multiple functions of one machine, extremely high efficiency, reasonable structure and reliable operation.

Description

A high-efficiency whole-rod sugarcane combine harvester

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a high-efficiency whole-rod sugarcane combine harvester.

Background technique

At present, the harvesting of sugarcane is mainly carried out manually, and a small number of sugarcane harvesters put into use are also unable to adapt to the spacing of sugarcane planting rows, unable to protect the perennial roots, slow speed, low efficiency and high in impurities due to the small number of sugarcane harvesters in use. Recognized by the factory and sugarcane farmers, when harvesting sugarcane, it is necessary to cut the tail and root of the sugarcane, remove the excess leaves on the sugarcane and protect the perennial roots of the sugarcane so that they can germinate in the next year and use one machine for multiple purposes, so as to solve the problem of idle machines and operators At present, the harvesters used in the market are difficult to meet the above requirements, so there is an urgent need for a sugarcane harvester with high efficiency and strong environmental adaptability.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a high-efficiency whole-rod sugarcane combine harvester to solve the technical problems of high broken head rate, low efficiency and high impurities in the sugarcane harvester in the prior art.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the embodiment of the utility model provides a high-efficiency whole-rod sugarcane combine harvester, which includes a tail removal device arranged on the vehicle frame, two or more sets of centering devices with adjustable spacing between outer rollers, two Root cutting device, conveying device and loading and unloading device with adjustable spacing between groups and above, and walking mechanism with adjustable left and right wheelbase;

The tail removal device includes a leaf beating cylinder and a leaf beating motor that drives the leaf beating cylinder to rotate. The outer circumference of the leaf beating cylinder is provided with leaf beating bars and tail clipping rods at intervals. The tail clipping rod is used for Knock off the tail of sugar cane;

The righting device includes a ground-sticking cone and a righting roller arranged obliquely above the ground-sticking cone. The distance between the outer rollers of the two sets of righting devices can be adjusted. The ground-sticking cone scoops up sugarcane on the ground and sends it to the a righting drum that straightens the cane and lifts it to the root cutting device;

The root cutting device includes a cane-pressing roller and a header, the cane-pressing roller compresses and gathers the sugarcane and cuts the root of the sugarcane by the header, and the distance between the two sets of headers can be adjusted;

The conveying device includes an upper conveying device and a lower conveying drum which are set opposite to each other up and down. The upper conveying device and the lower conveying device are driven by a conveying motor to clamp and convey the cut sugarcane to the loading and unloading material. device;

The running mechanism is used to drive the vehicle frame.

Wherein, a leaf cutting device is also provided between the conveying device and the loading and unloading device, and the leaf cutting device includes a leaf removal fan arranged above the sugarcane and a leaf cutter mechanism arranged below the sugarcane, and the leaf removal fan blows The sugarcane leaves and cane tails mixed in the sugarcane are dropped and cut by the leaf cutter mechanism.

Wherein, the tail removal device also includes a leaf beating lifting cylinder and a leaf beating support arm, one end of the leaf beating support arm is connected to the leaf beating drum, and the other end is connected to the vehicle frame, and the leaf beating lifting cylinder is used to drive Hit the leaf brace.

Wherein, the leaf beating cylinder can be rotated at a certain angle so as to change from being horizontal to the ground to being vertical to the ground, so as to avoid over-width when traveling on the road.

Wherein, each header has two groups of cutter heads that rotate in opposite directions.

Wherein, the loading and unloading device includes a dump bucket brace connected to the vehicle frame and a dump bucket connected to the outer end of the dump bucket brace.

Wherein, a weighing mechanism is also provided between the self-unloading bucket brace and the self-unloading hopper.

Wherein, a leaf and tail temporary storage and compression mechanism is also provided below the leaf cutter mechanism.

Wherein, the vehicle chassis is also provided with a vehicle frame lifting oil cylinder for driving the vehicle frame to change the height from the ground.

Wherein, the traveling mechanism is provided at the bottom of the vehicle frame, and the wheelbase of the traveling mechanism is adjusted by a wheelbase adjusting mechanism to adapt to different sugarcane planting row distances.

The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned technical solution of the utility model are as follows:

1. Thin the leaves first to remove the tail tips, then cut the leaves, and then cut the leaves for the second time, which reduces the impurity content of sugarcane and simplifies the machine structure.

2. Harvesting two or more ridges of sugarcane at one time ensures that the vehicle has sufficient width and lowers the center of gravity to ensure driving safety. It is also suitable for harvesting and planting sugarcane with a row spacing of 0.8-1.4m.

3. The wheel base can be adjusted from 1.6m to 2.8m, which ensures that the wheels or crawlers will not press against the sugarcane roots when harvesting two ridges, greatly reducing the rate of sugarcane head breakage, so that the machine of the utility model can harvest perennial sugarcane, Beyond the domestic and foreign models.

4. The front and rear independent lifting frame can adapt to uphill and downhill operations, and it is convenient to raise the harvesting mechanism when not harvesting, without hindering walking. At the same time, when the machine is used for field management, the harvesting mechanism can be removed and the vehicle can be raised The height of the frame from the ground is more than 80cm, which is convenient for shuttling in the sugarcane field and cultivating the soil without damaging the sugarcane seedlings.

5. The self-unloading bucket that can be weighed and the GPS navigation control system that can be installed can drive automatically, which is convenient for the combined harvesting management of farmers in small fields, and integrates the land from small to large for farmers to increase production, rationally fertilize, and provide Effective means, easy to realize the information management of farmland.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the efficient whole bar type sugarcane combine harvester of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the high-efficiency whole-rod sugarcane combine harvester of the present invention.

[Description of main component symbols]

1: Clamp tail rod;

2: Tip rod support seat;

3: beating leaves;

4: Threshing drum;

5: Threshing motor;

6: Leaf beater arm;

7: Righting the roller;

8: Ground cone;

9: The first cane pressing roller;

10: The second cane pressing roller;

11: header;

12: header adjustment mechanism;

13: The feeding roller;

14: Lower conveying roller;

15: Lifting oil cylinder for beating leaves;

16: manipulation mechanism;

17: simple cab;

18: Leaf cutter mechanism;

19: leaf and tail temporary storage box and compression mechanism;

20: Exhaust fan;

21: Exhaust fan motor;

22: Dump bucket brace;

23: weighing mechanism;

24: Self-unloading hopper;

25: Frame lift cylinder;

26: walking mechanism;

27: Wheelbase adjustment mechanism.

detailed description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the utility model clearer, the following will describe in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

The utility model aims at the technical problems of high head breaking rate, low efficiency and high impurity content of sugarcane harvesters in the prior art, and provides a high-efficiency whole-rod sugarcane combine harvester.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the embodiment of the utility model provides a high-efficiency whole-rod sugarcane combine harvester, including a tail removal device arranged on the frame, and two or more sets of centering devices with adjustable spacing between outer drums , Two or more sets of root cutting devices with adjustable spacing, conveying devices and loading and unloading devices, and a walking mechanism that can adjust the left and right wheel bases;

The tail removal device includes a beating cylinder 4 and a beating motor 5 that drives the beating cylinder 4 to rotate. The outer circumference of the beating cylinder 4 is provided with beating bars 3 and tail tip rods 1 at intervals. The clamping tip bar 1 is connected to the leaf-threshing cylinder 4 through the tip bar support seat 2, and the described clamping tip bar 1 is used for knocking off the tail of sugarcane; The support arm 6, the leaf beating support arm 6 is connected to the leaf beating cylinder 4, the leaf beating lifting cylinder 15 is used to drive the leaf beating support arm 6, a drum type leaf beating and tail removal device that can be adjusted in height, about 3 The beating cylinder 4 is perpendicular to the sugarcane, and the height from the ground of the beating cylinder 4 is adjusted to be about 60% of the height of the sugarcane, so that the pressed sugarcane is inclined at an angle of not less than 45 degrees on the ground. When the beating cylinder 4 rotates, Drive to beat the leaf bar 3 and knock down the uneven sugarcane leaves. The leaf-threshing cylinder 4 is equipped with 1 to 3 clamping rods or a length of 10-20cm with a parallel gap of 2-4cm with the leaf-beating roller 3, and a 3-8cm closed bucket groove with the surface clearance of the leaf-beating roller 4, which can make the leaves After the sugarcane tail passes through, the tail tip can be cut off during the rotation of the leaf beating cylinder 4; Wide and easy to pass the road. Because the width of the threshing drum is usually greater than 3 meters, it is inconvenient to cross the road. After rotating 90 degrees, it becomes 3 meters high, which can easily pass the road.

The righting device includes a ground-sticking cone 8 and a righting roller 7 arranged obliquely above the ground-sticking cone 8. The ground-sticking cone 8 scoops up the sugarcane on the ground and sends it to the righting roller 7. The righting roller 7 guides The sugarcane is straightened and lifted to the root-cutting device; each group of righting drums 7 is composed of two long cylinders spirally wound with metal steel bars, and a pyramid-shaped ground-sticking cone is arranged below the righting drums 7, which is attached to the ground. It is used to shovel up the lodging sugarcane, straighten it, and enter the header channel; the position adjustment cylinder can adjust the height of the righting drum 7 from the ground, which is convenient for the walking and harvesting operations of the whole machine.

Described root cutting device comprises cane-pressing roller and header 11, and described cane-pressing roller comprises first cane-pressing roller 9 and second cane-pressing roller 10, and described first cane-pressing roller 9 and second cane-pressing roller 10 are connected Cooperative dynamic compression gathers the sugarcane and cuts the root of the sugarcane by the header 11; two groups of headers 11 with adjustable spacing are arranged at the front lower end of the frame, and the headers 11 are adjusted by the header adjustment mechanism 12 The distance between the centers of the two sets of headers can range from 0.8m to 1.4m, and two ridges can be harvested at a time, which greatly improves work efficiency; each set of headers is composed of a motor, a wheel shaft, a cane guide roller, and two sets of cutter heads that rotate in opposite directions Composition, the root of the sugarcane stalk is cut off by the cutting knife of the header, and the cut sugarcane enters the conveying device.

The conveying device includes an upper conveying device and a lower conveying device arranged up and down oppositely, and the upper conveying device and the lower conveying device are driven by a conveying motor to clamp and convey the cut sugarcane to the loading and unloading material. device; the upper feeding device can be the upper drum 13 for feeding, and the lower feeding device can be the lower drum 14 for feeding, and can also be a conveyor belt; the feeding device can send the cut sugarcane stalk on the header 11 into The conveying channel, after the sugarcane stalks are further leaf-cut in the conveying channel, the sugarcane stalks are finally transported to the loading and unloading hopper for stacking. The conveying device is mainly composed of more than 5 sets of rollers that are set up and down from low to high. The channel height of the lowest group of cylinders is just in the extension line of the outlet height of header 11 cutterheads, so that after the sugarcane is cut, it can directly enter the conveying device. Further, the upper drum 13 of the feeding material is floating, and the upper drum 13 of the feeding material can be lifted naturally when the sugarcane passes through, and there is a minimum gap between the upper drum 13 of the feeding material and the lower drum 14 of the feeding material, so as to avoid mutual collision, each drum is Independently driven by motor.

Also be provided with blade cutting device between described conveying device and loading and unloading device, described blade cutting device comprises the fan 20 that is arranged on the sugarcane top and is located at the leaf cutter mechanism 18 below sugarcane, and described leaf fan 20 Driven by the rowing fan motor 21, the sugarcane leaves and sugarcane tails mixed in the sugarcane are blown off, and then the blown sugarcane leaves are cut by the leaf cutter mechanism 18, and the chopped sugarcane leaves and sugarcane tails are separated by leaves and tails. Deposit box and compression mechanism 19 compressions and concentrate on unloading again.

The loading and unloading device includes a self-unloading bucket brace 22 connected to the fuselage and a self-unloading hopper 24 connected to the outer end of the dump bucket brace 22; sugarcane stalks are finally transported to the self-loading bucket 24 for stacking , After the vehicle walks to the field ridge, the sugar cane can be unloaded onto the field ridge. A weighing mechanism 23 is also provided between the self-unloading bucket strut 22 and the self-unloading hopper 24, and the weighing mechanism 23 can evaluate the output, which is convenient for harvest management.

The vehicle frame is also provided with a vehicle frame lifting cylinder 25 for driving the vehicle frame to change the ground clearance. The height-adjustable mechanism of the frame can carry out uphill and downhill operations and raise the harvesting mechanism to walk alone. Lift the frame from a height of about 0.3 meters to a height of 1.5 meters, so that the crops will not be damaged when passing the crops, which is convenient for field management of sugarcane. It can be equipped with relevant actuators and after removing the harvesting mechanism, the harvesting machine can be applied to the field management of sugarcane, avoiding idleness of the machine, and achieving multiple functions of one machine.

Wheelbase adjustable walking mechanism 26 can make its wheelbase adjustable to 2.8 meters from 1.6 meters by wheelbase adjustment mechanism 27, to adapt to the sugarcane of two ridges different planting distances. And make the harvester not crush the sugarcane roots when walking, so as to ensure that the germination rate in the coming year will not be greatly affected. Mechanisms such as righting, header, and walking that can adjust the spacing are set up to adapt to sugarcane with different planting row spacing, and the usually adjusted spacing is between 1.6 and 2.8 meters.

The harvester is provided with a simple cab 17, and the operating mechanism 16 of the harvester includes a manual control handle; further, computer control and GPS navigation systems can be placed to realize unmanned driving.

The beneficial effects of the technical solution of the utility model are as follows:

1. Thin the leaves first to remove the tail tips, then cut the leaves, and then cut the leaves for the second time, which reduces the impurity content of sugarcane and simplifies the machine structure.

2. Harvesting two or more ridges of sugarcane at one time ensures that the vehicle has sufficient width and lowers the center of gravity to ensure driving safety. It is also suitable for harvesting and planting sugarcane with a row spacing of 0.8-1.4m.

3. The wheel base can be adjusted from 1.6m to 2.8m, which ensures that the wheels or crawlers will not press against the sugarcane roots when harvesting two ridges, greatly reducing the rate of sugarcane head breakage, so that the machine of the utility model can harvest perennial sugarcane, Beyond the domestic and foreign models.

4. The front and rear independent lifting frame can adapt to uphill and downhill operations, and it is convenient to raise the harvesting mechanism when not harvesting, without hindering walking. At the same time, when the machine is used for field management, the harvesting mechanism can be removed and the vehicle can be raised The height of the frame from the ground is more than 80cm, which is convenient for shuttling in the sugarcane field and cultivating the soil without damaging the sugarcane seedlings.

5. The self-unloading bucket that can be weighed and the Beidou GPS navigation control system that can be installed can facilitate the combined harvesting management of farmers in small fields, integrate farmers’ land from small to large, increase production, rationally fertilize, and provide effective It is easy to realize the information management of farmland.

The above is a preferred embodiment of the utility model, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the utility model, some improvements and modifications can also be made. And retouching should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A high-efficiency whole-rod sugarcane combine harvester, characterized in that it includes a tail-removing device arranged on the vehicle frame, a centering device with adjustable spacing between two groups and above of outer drums, and an adjustable spacing between two groups and above The root cutting device, conveying device, loading and unloading device, and the walking mechanism that can adjust the left and right wheelbase; The tail removal device includes a leaf beating cylinder and a leaf beating motor that drives the leaf beating cylinder to rotate. The outer circumference of the leaf beating cylinder is provided with leaf beating bars and tail clipping rods at intervals. The tail clipping rod is used for Knock off the tail of sugar cane; The righting device includes a ground-sticking cone and a righting roller arranged obliquely above the ground-sticking cone. The distance between the outer rollers of the two sets of righting devices can be adjusted. The ground-sticking cone scoops up sugarcane on the ground and sends it to the a righting drum that straightens the cane and lifts it to the root cutting device; The root cutting device includes a cane-pressing roller and a header, the cane-pressing roller compresses and gathers the sugarcane and cuts the root of the sugarcane by the header, and the distance between the two sets of headers can be adjusted; The conveying device includes an upper conveying device and a lower conveying device arranged up and down oppositely, and the upper conveying device and the lower conveying device are driven by a conveying motor to clamp and convey the cut sugarcane to the loading and unloading material. device; The running mechanism is used to drive the vehicle frame. 2. The high-efficiency whole-rod sugarcane combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, a leaf cutting device is also provided between the conveying device and the loading and unloading device, and the leaf cutting device includes a leaf cutting device located above the sugarcane The leaf row fan and the leaf cutter mechanism arranged under the sugarcane, the leaf row fan blows off the sugarcane leaves and sugarcane tails mixed in the sugarcane and cuts them by the leaf cutter mechanism. 3. The high-efficiency whole-rod sugarcane combine harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that, the tail removal device also includes a leaf beating lifting cylinder and a leaf beating support arm, and one end of the leaf beating support arm is connected to the beating leaf The leaf roller is connected to the vehicle frame at the other end, and the leaf beating lifting cylinder is used to drive the leaf beating support arm. 4. The high-efficiency whole-rod sugarcane combine harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that, the leaf beating cylinder can rotate at a certain angle to change from being horizontal to the ground to being vertical to the ground, so as to avoid overtaking when traveling on the road. width. 5. The high-efficiency whole-rod sugarcane combine harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that, each header has two groups of cutter heads rotating in opposite directions. 6. The high-efficiency whole-rod sugarcane combine harvester according to claim 2, wherein the loading and unloading device comprises a dump bucket strut connected to the vehicle frame and an outer end connected to the dump bucket strut. self-unloading hopper. 7. The high-efficiency whole-rod sugarcane combine harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that a weighing mechanism is also provided between the self-unloading bucket strut and the self-unloading hopper. 8. The high-efficiency whole-rod sugarcane combine harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that a leaf and tail temporary storage and compression mechanism is provided below the leaf cutter mechanism. 9. The high-efficiency whole-rod sugarcane combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, the chassis of the vehicle frame is also provided with a vehicle frame lifting cylinder for driving the vehicle frame to change the height from the ground. 10. The high-efficiency whole-rod sugarcane combine harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that, the bottom of the frame is provided with the running gear, and the running gear is regulated by a wheelbase adjusting mechanism, so as to Adapt to different sugarcane planting row spacing.