CN205275419U - Weisheng attitude filter bed water purification system - Google Patents
Weisheng attitude filter bed water purification system Download PDFInfo
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- CN205275419U CN205275419U CN201521092791.1U CN201521092791U CN205275419U CN 205275419 U CN205275419 U CN 205275419U CN 201521092791 U CN201521092791 U CN 201521092791U CN 205275419 U CN205275419 U CN 205275419U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a water purification system, especially a weisheng attitude filter bed water purification system. A weisheng attitude filter bed water purification system comprises aquatic landscape plant layer and ecological substrate matter layer two parts, aquatic landscape plant level in ecological substrate matter layer upper portion, ecological substrate matter level in ecological filter bed bottom, supreme barrier layer and the matrix layer of being is in proper order down followed on ecological substrate matter layer. The barrier layer can adopt loess layer, high density polythene or geotechnological cloth alone, also can use according to actual combination and reinforce the prevention of seepage effect. The matrix layer be water permeability matrix layer, be the core part of weisheng attitude filter bed, the matrix layer is adopted ecological filler of different particle diameters respectively and is packed, requires different packing layer matrix of configuration and floor height according to handling quality of water. Aquatic landscape plant layer is given birth to by aquatic, natural pond and is constituteed with hygrophyte, aquatic, natural pond is given birth to and is adopted the plant that is fit for growth in saturation water and matrix with hygrophyte.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of water cleaning systems, especially a kind of Tiny ecosystem filter bed water cleaning systems.
Background technology
Ecological filter bed water cleaning systems is the artificial ecological system of the simulating nature wetland got up by nitrate nitrogen contamination technical development, by artificial construction, Supervised Control, utilize the physics in ecosystem, chemical and biological triple synergism, realize the high-efficient purification to sewage by filtration, absorption, precipitation, ion exchange, plant absorption and microbial decomposition. Compared with natural wetland ecosystem, ecological filter bed water cleaning systems no matter the selection in place, loading carrying on, or in controllability and the disposal ability to sewage, all greatly exceed natural wetland ecosystem.
Nitrate nitrogen contamination technique functions comes from Europe, and its original master technology is ecological wetland ecoengineering. Tiny ecosystem filter bed technology is made up of aquatic landscape plant and the big system of ecological matrix layer two, is the achievement of collection Environmental Engineering, structural engineering, ecological forestry, the new integrated discipline processing for water ecology and repairing. Utilizing the ecosystem that two big systems are built jointly, the process factor such as comprehensive physical, chemistry, biology also amplifies effect, makes water purification process reach to maximize.
Adopting Constructed Wetland For Purifying waste water to start from the general institute of horse of Germany's the 1950's, within 1974, Germany starts the test of first man work wetland, and operation result is quite desirable. Nineteen ninety, Water Pollution Control Federation of the European Community (TheEuropeanCommunity/EuropeanWaterPollutionControlAssoci ation) has published the guide for use of artificial swamp, and the many European countries including Austria, Denmark, West Germany and Sweden at that time establish more than 500 artificial swamp. And also begun to the research to artificial swamp as far back as 20 century 70s, the Wolverton of Los Angeles,U.S and the Gersberg in California. Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) (TheTennesseeValleyAuthority) (TVA) has published Design of Constructed Wetland handbook in 1988, which includes new design standard. Along with the establishment of National Science Foundation, US National Aeronautics and Space Administration, EPA, CE, US Army, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the U.S. and United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) (NationalScienceFoundation, NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration, EnvironmentalProtectionAgency, U.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers, U.S.Dept.oftheInterior and theU.S.Dept.ofAgriculture) etc., the use of artificial swamp of having enriched constantly.
Eastern united states has more than 400 discharge of wastewater point to enter back into subsoil water river mouth, river and lake after being processed by artificial wet land system. In Michigan, winconsin, Florida, Oregon, the ground such as Tennessee State processed substantial amounts of city and industrial wastewater, urban storm water, agricultural runoff water acidic mine water etc. by wet land system. U.S. government gives sufficient support for artificial swamp construction. In addition the U.S. also published and distributed some relevant artificial swamps build Guidance Rule and guide be artificial swamp construction provide rational technical scheme. And some are national in Europe, artificial swamp has been introduced into ordinary people family and is truly realized wetland for mankind's service.
China starts the research work of artificial swamp in the enforcement period of the seventh five-year plan. It is 12.6hm that floor space has been built in white mud hole, Shenzhen, environmental protection place, State Bureau of Environmental Protection south China2, treatment scale be 3100m3The gravel bed system artificial swamp demonstration project of/d; It is 500m that treatment scale has been built up in Chang Ping County, beijing, environmental protection place, Beijing3The reed wetland of/d processes system demonstration project; Laboratory scale artificial swamp Study system was built up in Tianjin environmental protection, and had built up first, China occupation of land 6hm in 19872, treatment scale be 1400m3The reed wetland engineering of/d. In addition, there will be many units and the mechanism of artificial wet land treating system, design and relevant issues have been carried out preliminary research work. As a kind of New Technology about Wastewater Treatment with good characteristic, for the Water Pollution Problem that China is day by day serious, can yet be regarded as a kind of suitable treatment technology, but when being generalized to a degree of, again because factors such as its floor space is relatively big, effluent quality instability, limit the popularization and application of artificial swamp.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of Tiny ecosystem filter bed water cleaning systems for above-mentioned weak point, system is made up of aquatic landscape plant and ecological matrix layer two large divisions, sewage is when flowing through this system, various pollutant are through physical processes such as substrate absorption, filtration, volatilization, transpiration, precipitations, and after the biochemical process such as microbial transformation, oxidation Decomposition, reduction, absorption, final removal from water body, to reach to purify the purpose of sewage.
A kind of Tiny ecosystem filter bed water cleaning systems takes techniques below scheme to realize:
A kind of Tiny ecosystem filter bed water cleaning systems is made up of aquatic landscape plant layer and ecological matrix layer two parts, and aquatic landscape plant layer is positioned at ecological matrix layer top, and ecological matrix layer is positioned at ecological filter bed bottom; Described ecological matrix layer sequentially consists of impervious barrier and hypothallus, and according to different geological conditions, impervious barrier can individually adopt loess formation, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) or geotextiles, also can use according to practical combinations, strengthens anti-seepage effect.
Described hypothallus is water penetration hypothallus, is the core of Tiny ecosystem filter bed. Hypothallus is respectively adopted the ecological filler of different-grain diameter and fills, differently configured packing layer substrate and floor height is required according to water quality treatment, hypothallus effect is in that as substrate aquatic, that natural pond raw, hygrophyte growth offer is required, there is provided good hydraulics for sewage seepage flow wherein, provide good growing carrier for microorganism. The substrate of hypothallus can also adsorption fouling thing.
Aquatic landscape plant layer is made up of with hygrophyte aquatic, natural pond life, and described aquatic, natural pond life and hygrophyte adopt and be adapted at growing plants in saturation water and substrate; Ecological wetland adopts high aquatic vascular plants, such as phragmites communis, Herba Typhae, Rhizoma Acori Graminei, yellow flag, Canna generalis Bailey etc., generally require that wetland plant anti-pollution ability is strong, well developed root system, stem and leaf are luxuriant, diseases and insect pests resistance is strong, have the plant of certain economic worth and there is the function beautified the environment. It is typically under the premise of guarantee disposal ability, selects aquatic, natural pond life and the hygrophyte of native country growth as far as possible. So can well adapt to the weather of locality, the condition such as soil, simultaneously it is also contemplated that plant is at the winter cabbage of ecological wetland building site.
Stem under water that plant in Tiny ecosystem filter bed is flooded, litter, hypothallus also grow substantial amounts of microorganism, contributes to degradable organic pollutant.
Settled sludge layer bottom filter bed, the thick secretions produced by microbial metabolism effect under anaerobic state and the polysaccharide formed form natural impervious barrier.
Described impervious barrier stops sewage laterally to permeate to the vertical infiltration of body of groundwater with surface water body, it is to avoid polluted underground water and surface water. These are likely to result in the industrial wastewater of underground water pollution particularly significant for some.
Sewage is when flowing through this system, various pollutant are through physical processes such as substrate absorption, filtration, volatilization, transpiration, precipitations, and after the biochemical process such as microbial transformation, oxidation Decomposition, reduction, absorption, finally remove from water body, to reach to purify the purpose of sewage.
Whole water treatment procedure combines aerobic, hold concurrently oxygen, anaerobism three kinds reaction. Oxygen in plant roots district is discharged and is formed around the aerobic region of a ring-type by root. From root remotely, owing to the demand (BOD) of oxygen is made the oxygen concentration in this region be reduced to zero by biochemical aerobic change. The radius of oxygen-rich area is determined by the demand (BOD) of oxygen. When the sewage of high BOD flows through, oxygen-rich area radius reduces to meet oxygen demand, and when the sewage of low BOD flows through, oxygen-rich area radius increases. The ratio of aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria changes along with the change in depth of concentration of wastewater, load-carry duty, vegetation bed and root. Root area is a microecosystem complicated and changeable, and inorganic polymer composite flocculant, root system respiration, organic microbial convert all relevant to the final outflow water quality of sewage disposal.
A kind of Tiny ecosystem filter bed water cleaning systems technical characterstic:
1, reasonable distribution is aerobic, hold concurrently oxygen, anaerobism three deblocking reaction district, promotes nitrated, anti-nitration reaction to carry out on year-on-year basis simultaneously, and nitrogen-removing rate is high;
2, without plant equipment such as aerations, whole system is run automatically, it is not necessary to specialized apparatus and personal management, and long service life can reach more than 50 years;
3, whole Tiny ecosystem filter bed system is without earth, adopt new bio affinity media and proportioning, significantly improve bioreediation efficiency, stable and dry tack free is without hydrops, not easily grow mosquito, high with surrounding landscape fitness, effluent quality is up to national II class water standard and stable effluent quality, and technical merit is far ahead of tradition wetland;
4, do not use chemical agent, secondary pollution will not be produced, possess good ecological security;
5, energy-conservation, efficient, low-carbon environment-friendly, regular maintenance is with low cost.
6, operating cost is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail:
Fig. 1 is a kind of Tiny ecosystem filter bed water cleaning systems schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
With reference to accompanying drawing 1, a kind of Tiny ecosystem filter bed water cleaning systems is made up of aquatic landscape plant layer 2 and ecological matrix layer two parts, and aquatic landscape plant layer 2 is positioned at ecological matrix layer top, and ecological matrix layer is positioned at ecological filter bed bottom; Described ecological matrix layer sequentially consists of impervious barrier 3 and hypothallus 1, and according to different geological conditions, impervious barrier 3 can individually adopt loess formation, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) or geotextiles, also can use according to practical combinations, strengthens anti-seepage effect.
Described hypothallus 1 is water penetration hypothallus, is the core of Tiny ecosystem filter bed. Hypothallus 1 is respectively adopted the ecological filler of different-grain diameter and fills, differently configured packing layer substrate and floor height is required according to water quality treatment, hypothallus 1 effect is in that as substrate aquatic, that natural pond raw, hygrophyte growth offer is required, there is provided good hydraulics for sewage seepage flow wherein, provide good growing carrier for microorganism. The all right adsorption fouling thing of the substrate of hypothallus;
Aquatic landscape plant layer 2 is made up of with hygrophyte aquatic, natural pond life, and described aquatic, natural pond life and hygrophyte adopt and be adapted at growing plants in saturation water and substrate; Ecological wetland adopts high aquatic vascular plants, such as phragmites communis, Herba Typhae, Rhizoma Acori Graminei, yellow flag, Canna generalis Bailey etc., generally require that wetland plant anti-pollution ability is strong, well developed root system, stem and leaf are luxuriant, diseases and insect pests resistance is strong, have the plant of certain economic worth and there is the function beautified the environment. It is typically under the premise of guarantee disposal ability, selects aquatic, natural pond life and the hygrophyte of native country growth as far as possible. So can well adapt to the weather of locality, the condition such as soil, simultaneously it is also contemplated that plant is at the winter cabbage of ecological wetland building site.
Stem under water that plant in Tiny ecosystem filter bed is flooded, litter, hypothallus also grow substantial amounts of microorganism, contributes to degradable organic pollutant.
Settled sludge layer bottom filter bed, the thick secretions produced by microbial metabolism effect under anaerobic state and the polysaccharide formed form natural impervious barrier.
Described impervious barrier 3 stops sewage laterally to permeate to the vertical infiltration of body of groundwater with surface water body, it is to avoid polluted underground water and surface water. These are likely to result in the industrial wastewater of underground water pollution particularly significant for some.
Sewage is when flowing through this system, various pollutant are through physical processes such as substrate absorption, filtration, volatilization, transpiration, precipitations, and after the biochemical process such as microbial transformation, oxidation Decomposition, reduction, absorption, finally remove from water body, to reach to purify the purpose of sewage.
Whole water treatment procedure combines aerobic, hold concurrently oxygen, anaerobism three kinds reaction. Oxygen in plant roots district is discharged and is formed around the aerobic region of a ring-type by root. From root remotely, owing to the demand (BOD) of oxygen is made the oxygen concentration in this region be reduced to zero by biochemical aerobic change. The radius of oxygen-rich area is determined by the demand (BOD) of oxygen. When the sewage of high BOD flows through, oxygen-rich area radius reduces to meet oxygen demand, and when the sewage of low BOD flows through, oxygen-rich area radius increases. The ratio of aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria changes along with the change in depth of concentration of wastewater, load-carry duty, vegetation bed and root. Root area is a microecosystem complicated and changeable, and inorganic polymer composite flocculant, root system respiration, organic microbial convert all relevant to the final outflow water quality of sewage disposal.
The conditions such as the removal of nitrogen and the design of filter bed system in filter bed system, floristics, the chemical property of plant root environment, plant intake, available carbon source are relevant. It addition, the removal amount of ecological filter bed middle nitrogen also relies on sewage residence time in wetland. In filter bed, the circulation of nitrogen occurs mainly through series of complex biological chemistry action mode, and it includes being directly translated into nitride and other mineral combines. Nitrated, denitrification is a kind of important channel denitrogenated in Tiny ecosystem filter bed, and plant conveying oxygen arrives root district, bottom, is jointly formed aerobic zone in root district, and nitrogen carries out the nitrifying process of ammonia nitrogen under the effect of microorganism:
NH4+��NO2--NO3-
At the position away from root district, NO3-Denitrification process is carried out, so that nitrogen is removed in gaseous form due to anaerobic environment:
NO3-��NO2-��NO��N2O��N2
The relatively low dissolved oxygen concentration of the decomposition of filter bed bottom organics and biodegradation and bottom, and the Organic substance of abundance makes carbon source, these are all that denitrification process provides condition.
Phosphorus in filter bed is mainly through the absorption of plant and is combined removal with other Organic substance, and it is another approach that generation gaseous state thing is discharged into the atmosphere. The reaction that phosphorus is removed by precipitation in wetland is:
5Ca2++3PO4 3-+OH-��Ca5(PO4)3OH
Al3++PO4 3-��AlPO4
Fe3++PO4 3-��FePO4
In filter bed, the selection of plant and base material has a significant impact removing phosphorus. Mainly in base material, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus effect form precipitation. As time goes on, in base material, phosphorus reaches capacity, filter bed is removed phosphorus ability and is reduced, so being the dephosphorization ability strengthening the wetland initial stage, it should be noted that select the soil that calcic, magnesium are higher as base material in filter bed selects, because plant is but without forming more stable biota in initial stage filter bed. After base material absorption phosphorus is saturated, the biota that can pass through in substrate again removes phosphorus.
Insoluble Organic substance in filter bed is trapped within wetland mainly through the precipitation of filter bed, filtration; Dissolved organic matter removal that is decomposed by the biomembranous absorption of root system of plant, absorption and biodegradation process. Biodegradation process is degraded mainly through aerobic and anaerobic metabolism, thus reducing BOD and the COD of sewage. Aerobic metabolic process is represented by: complicated Organic substance+O2��CO2+H2O+ stable product, wherein stable product is synthesized for own cells by microorganism. Anaerobic metabolic process is relatively slow, is only used for removing a small amount of BOD and COD: complicated Organic substance CO2+CH4+ unstable product.
The core of running is the size to aerobic region and the management of quantity. By selecting different substrate and root system, the aerobic or anaerobic reaction in processing procedure can obtain Appropriate application, improves treatment effeciency.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Southern Yangtze University Shuo Mei building rainwater ecological processes, Inlet and outlet water water quality situation:
Note: " ND " expression does not detect.
Claims (4)
1. a Tiny ecosystem filter bed water cleaning systems, it is characterised in that: being made up of aquatic landscape plant layer and ecological matrix layer two parts, aquatic landscape plant layer is positioned at ecological matrix layer top, and ecological matrix layer is positioned at ecological filter bed bottom; Described ecological matrix layer sequentially consists of impervious barrier and hypothallus.
2. a kind of Tiny ecosystem filter bed water cleaning systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: impervious barrier can individually adopt loess formation, high-density polyethylene or geotextiles, also can use according to practical combinations, strengthens anti-seepage effect.
3. a kind of Tiny ecosystem filter bed water cleaning systems according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described hypothallus is water penetration hypothallus, it it is the core of Tiny ecosystem filter bed, hypothallus is respectively adopted the ecological filler of different-grain diameter and fills, and requires differently configured packing layer substrate and floor height according to water quality treatment.
4. a kind of Tiny ecosystem filter bed water cleaning systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: aquatic landscape plant layer is made up of with hygrophyte aquatic, natural pond life, and described aquatic, natural pond life and hygrophyte adopt and be adapted at growing plants in saturation water and substrate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201521092791.1U CN205275419U (en) | 2015-12-25 | 2015-12-25 | Weisheng attitude filter bed water purification system |
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| CN201521092791.1U CN205275419U (en) | 2015-12-25 | 2015-12-25 | Weisheng attitude filter bed water purification system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107867780A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-04-03 | 安徽蓝鼎环保能源科技有限公司 | A kind of ecological filter bed further treatment technique of microkinetic |
| CN109354207A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-02-19 | 无锡龙盛生态科技有限公司 | Tiny ecosystem filter bed |
| CN109987790A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-07-09 | 河海大学 | A micro-ecological filter bed |
-
2015
- 2015-12-25 CN CN201521092791.1U patent/CN205275419U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107867780A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-04-03 | 安徽蓝鼎环保能源科技有限公司 | A kind of ecological filter bed further treatment technique of microkinetic |
| CN109354207A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-02-19 | 无锡龙盛生态科技有限公司 | Tiny ecosystem filter bed |
| CN109987790A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-07-09 | 河海大学 | A micro-ecological filter bed |
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Granted publication date: 20160601 Termination date: 20161225 |
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