CN205261817U - Adsorption catalysis enhancement mode air purifier based on heat pump dehumidification - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an adsorption and catalytic enhanced air purifier based on heat pump dehumidification. Belonging to the field of air dehumidification treatment and air purification, the purifier includes: particulate filter, dehumidification section, activated carbon adsorbent, throttle valve, preheating section, catalytic heating section, fan, compressor, electric three-way valve, temperature sensor , PLC programmable controller. Driven by the fan, the indoor air enters from the inlet, and passes through the coarse-effect filter to filter out the particles with large particle size, so as to prevent dust accumulation in the purifier and affect the adsorption efficiency of activated carbon and the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator and condenser. After the air passes through the dehumidification section for cooling and dehumidification, it enters the activated carbon adsorption device to remove macromolecular VOCs in the air, then passes through the preheating section for preheating, and finally passes through the catalytic heating section to catalyze the oxidation of formaldehyde, and re-enters the room from the outlet. The utility model combines the heat pump with dehumidification and VOC treatment, and realizes the purposes of air dehumidification, high-efficiency purification of VOC, energy saving and emission reduction.

Description

An Adsorption Catalytic Enhanced Air Purifier Based on Heat Pump Dehumidification

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of air dehumidification treatment and air purification, in particular to an enhanced air purifier structural design capable of achieving effective dehumidification of air, efficient removal of VOC and formaldehyde, and energy saving and emission reduction.

Background technique

With the development of China's economy and the improvement of living standards, people have higher and higher requirements for indoor environment. Since people spend 70%-90% of their time indoors, there is an increasingly urgent need for people to create an indoor environment with suitable temperature and humidity and good indoor air quality. However, with China's rapid urbanization, the current situation of my country's indoor air quality is not optimistic, as shown in: (1) The outdoor atmospheric air quality has declined significantly, and the smog phenomenon is serious. Commonly used control measures are to close doors and windows and use indoor air purifiers. However, this will inevitably lead to the accumulation of pollutants such as formaldehyde and toluene released from indoor materials and articles. (2) In the rapid urbanization, the market of interior decoration and decoration materials is mixed. A large number of synthetic building materials use additives such as urea-aldehyde resin, which makes building materials emit a large amount of harmful VOCs such as formaldehyde during use, which seriously endangers people's health. Moreover, the emission cycle of formaldehyde and other VOCs is long. For example, the emission cycle of formaldehyde can reach three to ten years. In addition, the emission of formaldehyde and other VOCs is easily affected by temperature and humidity. There are literatures that show that the temperature rises by 15°C, and the concentration of formaldehyde can be emitted in building materials. The increase can reach 200%-300%. It can be seen that the increase of temperature can significantly increase the formaldehyde content in building materials. This has brought great difficulties to the removal of indoor VOCs. Therefore, it is necessary to develop air purifiers that can efficiently remove indoor VOCs.

According to the survey, there are still some problems in the existing air purifiers and air purifier patents, which are specifically reflected as follows:

(1) The commonly used activated carbon adsorption purification method has low adsorption efficiency for VOC in the actual environment, short effective life, and does not solve the problem of water vapor in the air inhibiting the performance of adsorbent materials such as activated carbon to remove VOC;

(2) The air purifiers on the market are not effective in treating formaldehyde. Some products use activated carbon to adsorb small molecules of volatile organic compounds such as formaldehyde, and the adsorption rate and purification life are not good;

(3) There are some catalytic materials on the market that can decompose formaldehyde at room temperature. However, compared with higher temperature conditions, room temperature catalysis of formaldehyde requires the use of expensive noble metal catalysts, which are costly and have low catalytic efficiency. They are prone to poisoning and loss of activity. A higher temperature can enhance the activity of the catalytic material, prolong the life of the catalytic material, and reduce the dependence of the catalytic material on the noble metal catalyst, and use a cheaper catalytic material, thereby reducing the cost of use;

(4) Most areas in my country have high temperature and high humidity in summer, large indoor dehumidification load, and large indoor formaldehyde emission (affected by high temperature and high humidity). However, most air purifiers on the market have single functions and cannot efficiently meet the dual needs of indoor dehumidification and air purification;

Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an indoor air treatment device that takes into account both dehumidification and air purification.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the problem that the existing indoor air purification device has a single function, the adsorption effect of macromolecular VOC is not good in the environment of high air humidity, and the processing efficiency of formaldehyde is not high, and a kind of adsorption and catalysis based on heat pump dehumidification Enhanced air purifier, the utility model combines the heat pump with dehumidification and VOC treatment, and realizes the purpose of air dehumidification, VOC efficient purification, energy saving and emission reduction.

The utility model proposes an adsorption-catalysis-enhanced air purifier based on heat pump dehumidification. It is the pipeline room, and the lower part is the pipeline room and the equipment box. The air duct is divided into dehumidification section, adsorption section, preheating section, and catalytic heating section from the air inlet to the air outlet. The section is composed of a heat pump evaporator installed in the air duct, the adsorption section is composed of an activated carbon adsorbent device, the preheating section is composed of the front end of the heat pump condenser, and the catalytic heating section is composed of the rear end of the condenser and the formaldehyde catalyst coated on the surface of the fins The fan installed at the air outlet of the catalytic heating section also includes a throttle valve installed in the upper pipeline chamber connecting the inlet of the evaporator and the outlet at the front end of the condenser, and a valve connecting the outlet at the front end of the condenser and the outlet at the rear end of the condenser. pipeline; the compressor and the electric three-way valve arranged in the pipeline connecting the outlet of the evaporator with the inlet of the front end of the condenser and the inlet of the rear end of the condenser in the lower pipeline chamber, the temperature sensor arranged at the rear end of the condenser, and the temperature sensor and the electric three-way valve The PLC programmable controller connected with the through valve; the temperature measuring point of the temperature sensor is located on the surface of the condenser in the catalytic heating section, and is connected with the electric three-way valve through the PLC programmable controller to automatically adjust the flow distribution of the condensing agent to realize the control of the catalytic temperature. control.

The technical solution features of the utility model are as follows:

1. Driven by a fan, the indoor air passes through the inlet of the purifier, the particle filter, the evaporator, the activated carbon adsorption section, the condenser, the formaldehyde catalytic material section, the fan, and the outlet of the purifier in sequence.

2. Use the particulate matter filter to remove particulate matter in the air in advance to ensure the cleanliness of the purifier, improve the stability of the internal device operation, and prolong the service life of the adsorption material and the purifier.

3. The evaporator is used to cool and dehumidify the air, and the condensed water enters the condensate pan below the evaporator and is discharged from the drain.

4. The low-temperature dry air after cooling and dehumidification passes through the activated carbon adsorption section. Because the water vapor content in the air is reduced, and the lower temperature is conducive to the removal of macromolecular VOCs (such as toluene, etc.) in the air by the activated carbon adsorption section, the VOC removal efficiency is improved.

5. The dry and cold air that has passed through the activated carbon first enters the first heating section provided by the condenser to preheat the air, and then passes through the second heating section with a formaldehyde catalyst for continuous heating and catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde, providing the catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde. High temperature increases the catalytic efficiency. Moreover, the problem of insufficient formaldehyde catalysis when the air flow rate is too slow and the catalyst surface temperature is too high and the air flow rate is too fast is prevented.

6. The heat sources of the first heating section and the second heating section are both the condenser end of the heat pump, which are connected in parallel. There is a three-way valve to adjust the flow rate of the condensing agent in the heating section. The second heating section has a temperature measuring point and is equipped with The electronic controller intelligently distributes the flow according to the optimal temperature required by the catalytic material to achieve the purpose of temperature control and prevent the surface temperature of the catalyst from being too high.

The beneficial effects of the utility model compared with the prior art are:

1. Combining dehumidification and air VOC purification, multiple efficient treatments of air humidity and pollutants are realized.

2. The air treatment process is optimized, and the method of dehumidification first and then VOC removal is adopted, which reduces the competitive adsorption of water vapor, improves the adsorption effect of activated carbon and the catalytic efficiency of formaldehyde catalytic materials.

3. The formaldehyde catalytic material is heated by the condenser of the heat pump, which improves the catalytic efficiency of formaldehyde.

4. Renewable formaldehyde catalytic materials are used, which can realize the adsorption and catalytic regeneration of formaldehyde in situ under heating, and catalyze the oxidation of formaldehyde into CO ₂ and H ₂ O, realizing zero pollution emissions and prolonging the service life of catalytic materials. Long service life and low cost of use.

5. The heat pump is used to combine cooling and dehumidification with heating and catalysis, so that the air temperature before and after treatment is basically unchanged, saving the energy of air reheating and catalyst heating, and achieving the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction.

6. There are two heating sections and a three-way valve for flow adjustment, which can adjust the temperature of the catalyst surface in the second heating section within a certain range, so as to achieve the purpose of optimal catalytic temperature control.

7. This device is especially suitable for the indoor environment with high humidity and large formaldehyde release in southern my country.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an adsorption-catalysis-enhanced air purifier based on heat pump dehumidification;

detailed description

The purifier will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The structure of an adsorption-catalysis-enhanced air purifier based on heat pump dehumidification proposed by the utility model is shown in Figure 1. The pipeline room, the lower part is the pipeline room and the equipment box, in which the air duct is divided into a dehumidification section, an adsorption section, a preheating section, and a catalytic heating section in sequence from the air inlet to the air outlet. The section is composed of heat pump evaporator 2 installed in the air duct, the adsorption section is composed of activated carbon adsorbent device 3, the preheating section is composed of the front end of heat pump condenser 5, and the catalytic heating section is composed of the rear end of the condenser and coated on the surface of the fins. The formaldehyde catalyst layer 6 is composed of a fan 7 installed at the air outlet end of the catalytic heating section, and also includes a throttle valve 4 arranged in the upper pipeline chamber connecting the evaporator inlet and the outlet of the front end of the condenser, connecting the front outlet of the condenser and the outlet of the front end of the condenser. The pipeline at the outlet of the condenser rear end; the compressor 8 and the electric three-way valve 9 are arranged in the pipeline connecting the evaporator outlet, the front inlet of the condenser and the rear inlet of the condenser in the lower pipeline room, and the temperature at the rear end of the condenser is set. Sensor 10, the PLC programmable controller 11 that links to each other with temperature sensor and electric three-way valve 9.

Among them, the temperature measuring point of the temperature sensor 10 is located on the surface of the condenser in the catalytic heating section, and is connected with the electric three-way valve 9 through a PLC programmable controller to automatically adjust the flow distribution of the condensing agent to realize the control of the catalytic temperature.

The operation method of the purifier is as follows: Driven by the fan, the indoor air enters from the inlet, and the particles with larger particle sizes are filtered out through the coarse-effect filter to prevent dust accumulation in the purifier, which affects the adsorption efficiency of activated carbon and the evaporator condenser. heat transfer efficiency. After the air passes through the dehumidification section for cooling and dehumidification, it enters the activated carbon adsorption device to remove macromolecular VOCs in the air, then passes through the preheating section for preheating, and finally passes through the catalytic heating section to catalyze the oxidation of formaldehyde, and re-enters the room from the outlet.

The specific implementation and functions of each component of the device are described as follows:

1 Particle filter: Use a conventional coarse-effect filter (a low-efficiency flat filter with an efficiency specification of G3-G4 under the European standard EN779: 1993) to filter particles with a larger particle size (above 5 μm) in the air to prevent Dust accumulation in the purifier affects the adsorption efficiency of activated carbon and the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator and condenser.

2 Dehumidification section: use a conventional heat pump, the evaporator of the heat pump cools and dehumidifies the air, and the condensed water flows into the condensate pan under the evaporator of the heat pump, and is discharged from the drain.

3 Activated carbon adsorption device: use broken synthetic material granular activated carbon filler to remove macromolecular VOC in the air after cooling and dehumidification.

4 Throttle valve: It adopts the conventional external balance thermodynamic throttle valve, which is used to throttle and cool the working medium in the heat pump.

5. Preheating section: Conventional heat pump products are used, in which the first two rows of condensers constitute the preheating section to preheat dry and cold air.

6 Catalytic heating section: the last two rows of the condenser, and the surface of the heat transfer fins of the condenser is coated with a formaldehyde catalyst layer (the catalyst is customized by a professional manufacturer in this field and belongs to a metal oxide catalyst, which can catalyze formaldehyde at room temperature. , and the catalytic efficiency increases with the increase of the working temperature), the preheated air is further heated to catalyze the oxidation of formaldehyde in the air.

7 Fan: Axial flow fan is used to provide the power of air flow.

8 Compressor: A conventional compression heat pump is used, and there is a circulating working medium R22 in it.

9. Electric three-way valve: It adopts conventional products and is controlled by PLC. The catalytic temperature of the catalytic heating section is controlled by adjusting the flow rate of the working medium in the preheating section and the catalytic heating section.

10 Temperature sensor: Platinum thermal resistance temperature sensor is used, and the measuring head is located on the surface of the condenser in the catalytic heating section to measure the temperature and input the electrical signal to PLC.

11PLC programmable controller: adopt conventional products, and pre-store the program of controlling the electric three-way valve according to the input temperature of the temperature measuring point and the pre-set catalytic temperature compiled by conventional technology.

Claims (1)

1. An adsorption catalytic enhanced air cleaner based on heat pump dehumidification, characterized in that the cleaner comprises: a housing, which is divided into three parts with a partition in the housing, wherein the middle part is an air duct, and the upper part is a pipeline chamber , the lower part is the pipeline room and the equipment box, in which the air duct is divided into a dehumidification section, an adsorption section, a preheating section, and a catalytic heating section in turn from the air inlet to the air outlet. The heat pump evaporator of the air duct is formed, the adsorption section is composed of an activated carbon adsorbent device, the preheating section is composed of the front end of the heat pump condenser, and the catalytic heating section is composed of the rear end of the condenser and the formaldehyde catalyst layer coated on the surface of the fins. The fan at the air outlet of the catalytic heating section also includes a throttle valve arranged in the upper pipeline chamber connecting the inlet of the evaporator and the outlet of the front end of the condenser, and a pipe connecting the outlet of the front end of the condenser and the outlet of the rear end of the condenser; The compressor and the electric three-way valve in the pipeline connecting the outlet of the evaporator with the inlet of the front end of the condenser and the inlet of the rear end of the condenser in the pipeline room, the temperature sensor installed at the rear end of the condenser, and the temperature sensor connected with the electric three-way valve PLC programmable controller; wherein, the temperature measuring point of the temperature sensor is located on the surface of the condenser in the catalytic heating section, and is connected with the electric three-way valve through the PLC programmable controller.