CN205205794U - Three -dimensional regulation and control system of accumulated water farmland moisture - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a three-dimensional water control system for waterlogged farmland. The two sides of the farmland drainage ditch of this system are connected with the farmland. The ditch walls on both sides of the drainage ditch are a permeable lower layer and an impermeable upper layer from bottom to top. The height of the lower layer of the ditch wall is equal to the thickness of the water channel layer. The farmland is provided with a composite tillage layer and a moisture channel layer in sequence from top to bottom. The moisture channel layer is a permeable layer, and the composite tillage layer is a topsoil cover layer and a guest soil layer from top to bottom. The maximum elevation of the topsoil cover layer is greater than that of the trench wall. The maximum elevation of the layer, the minimum elevation of the guest soil layer and the upper layer of the ditch wall are the same, and a water control gate is installed at the end of the water flow direction of the drainage ditch. The utility model not only has the function of ensuring the moisture content of the upper layer of the farmland soil, but also has the function of three-dimensional bidirectional regulation of the water in the ditch and the field, and at the same time solves the problem of large seasonal water differences in the field.

Description

A three-dimensional water control system for flooded farmland

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of field water control, in particular to a three-dimensional water control system for waterlogged farmland.

Background technique

In the intermountain basin area in Southwest my country, due to the low-lying terrain, the groundwater level in the field rises rapidly when the seasonal rainfall bursts, which is likely to cause long-term water accumulation on the field surface, and the deterioration of soil aeration and water permeability is prominent.

At present, field water control methods usually use farmland drainage ditches, but the above methods exist: farmland drainage ditches can only discharge field water, and excess soil water is difficult to discharge, and field water cannot be regulated three-dimensionally, resulting in waste of water resources.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the technical problems of the existing waterlogged farmland, such as difficult drainage of soil water, time-consuming and labor-consuming, waste of water resources, etc., the utility model provides a three-dimensional moisture control system for waterlogged farmland.

The technical scheme of the utility model is:

1. A three-dimensional control system for flooded farmland moisture, comprising a farmland drainage ditch and two fields, the farmland drainage ditch is arranged between the two fields, and the two fields are respectively connected to the ditch on the left and right sides of the farmland drainage ditch The maximum elevation of the bottom of the farmland drainage ditch is the same as the elevation after stripping the topsoil of the field. The bottom of the ditch is an impermeable layer of ordinary concrete. It is: the lower layer of the ditch wall and the upper layer of the ditch wall from bottom to top. The end is equipped with a moisture control gate;

The fields on the left and right have the same structure, and the structure of the fields is as follows: a composite tillage layer and a water channel layer are arranged sequentially from top to bottom, the water channel layer is a coarse sand permeable layer, and the water channel layer is connected to The design elevation of the layers is the same, and the thickness of the water channel layer is equal to the height of the layer below the ditch wall; the composite tillage layer is top soil covering layer and guest soil layer in turn, and the maximum elevation of the surface soil covering layer is greater than that of the layer above the ditch wall. The maximum elevation of the guest soil layer is the same as the minimum elevation of the upper layer of the ditch wall, the ratio of the thickness of the compound tillage layer to the thickness of the moisture channel layer is equal to or greater than 3:1, and the ratio of the thickness of the topsoil covering layer to the thickness of the guest soil layer Equal to or greater than 2:1.

2. According to the three-dimensional moisture control system for water-logged farmland described in technical scheme 1, the thickness of the composite tillage layer is 20-30 cm, the thickness of the moisture channel layer is 5-10 cm; the thickness of the topsoil covering layer is 15-20 cm , The thickness of the guest soil layer is 5-10cm.

3. According to the three-dimensional control system for water-logged farmland according to technical solution 1 or 2, the topsoil cover layer is the topsoil stripped from the field, and the foreign soil layer is the soil outside the field.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the utility model is:

1. The utility model not only has the function of ensuring the moisture content of the upper layer of the farmland soil, but also has the function of three-dimensional bidirectional regulation of the moisture in the ditch and the field.

The utility model is set on the ditch wall as two structural layers, the lower layer of the ditch wall and the upper layer of the ditch wall. The upper layer of the two ditch walls is an impermeable layer, which can ensure the moisture content of the upper layer of farmland soil. The lower layer of the two ditch walls is The water-permeable layer, and the layer below the ditch wall corresponds to the water channel layer of the fields on both sides. The water channel layer is a coarse sand water-permeable layer, so that the layer below the two ditch walls and the water channel layer of the farmland form a lateral water-permeable channel, which realizes the water flow in the ditch. It has the function of three-dimensional two-way regulation with field moisture.

2. The water control gate of the utility model can realize the requirement of waterlogging and drainage in the farmland by opening the gate in the rainy season. In the dry season, the gate is closed to store water in the ditch, and through the lateral permeable channel formed by the ditch wall and the farmland, the field soil Water recharge is realized, which solves the practical problem of large seasonal water differences in the field.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional schematic view of drainage ditches and one side of the field in the utility model;

The marks in the figure are: 1—field, 2—farmland drainage ditch, 3—water control sluice, 4—compound tillage layer, 5—moisture channel layer, 6—basic soil layer, 7—topsoil cover layer, 8— Ditch bottom, 9—the lower layer of the ditch wall, 10—the upper layer of the ditch wall, H1 is the height of the lower layer of the ditch wall, H2 is the height of the upper layer of the ditch wall, G is the thickness of the compound tillage layer, and G1 is the thickness of the surface soil covering layer , G2 is the thickness of guest soil layer, G3 is the thickness of moisture channel layer.

detailed description

Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 2, a kind of three-dimensional regulation and control system of flooded farmland moisture provided by the utility model is that a farmland drainage ditch 2 is arranged between two fields 1, and the two fields 1 are respectively connected to the left side of the farmland drainage ditch 2. , the ditch walls on the right sides are connected, the maximum elevation of the ditch bottom 8 of the farmland drainage ditch 2 is the same as the elevation after stripping the topsoil of the field piece 1, the ditch bottom 8 is an ordinary concrete impermeable layer, and the left and right sides of the farmland drainage ditch 2 The structure of the ditch wall on the side is the same, and the structure of the ditch wall is: from bottom to top, the lower layer 9 of the ditch wall and the upper layer 10 of the ditch wall, the lower layer 9 of the ditch wall is a sandless concrete permeable layer, and the upper layer 10 is a masonry impermeable layer, and a water control gate 3 is arranged at the end of the farmland drainage ditch 2 in the water flow direction;

The structures of the fields 1 on the left and right sides are the same, and the structure of the field 1 is as follows: a composite tillage layer 4 and a water channel layer 5 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the water channel layer 5 is a coarse sand permeable layer, and the water channel The design elevation of layer 5 and layer 9 below the ditch wall is the same, the thickness G3 of the water passage layer 5 is equal to the height H1 of the layer 9 below the ditch wall, G3=H1, and the thickness G3 of the water passage layer 5 is 10cm; the composite tillage layer 4 From top to bottom, there are surface soil covering layer 7 and guest soil layer 6, the maximum elevation of the surface soil covering layer 7 is greater than the maximum elevation of the layer 10 above the ditch wall, and the minimum elevation of the guest soil layer 6 and the layer 10 above the ditch wall is the same , the thickness G of the composite tillage layer 4 is 30 cm, the ratio of the thickness G of the composite tillage layer 4 to the thickness G3 of the moisture passage layer 5 is equal to 3:1, G:G3=3:1, and the thickness G1 of the topsoil covering layer 7 is 20cm, the thickness G2 of guest soil layer 6 is 10cm, the ratio of the thickness G1 of topsoil cover layer 7 and the thickness G2 of guest soil layer 6 is equal to 2:1, G1:G2=2:1; Described topsoil cover layer 7 is The stripped topsoil structure of the field 1, the guest soil layer 6 is the soil structure outside the field 1.

Claims (3)

1. A three-dimensional control system for flooded farmland moisture, comprising a farmland drainage ditch and two fields, the farmland drainage ditch is arranged between the two fields, and the two fields are respectively connected to the ditch on the left and right sides of the farmland drainage ditch A wall connection, characterized by: The maximum elevation of the ditch bottom (8) of the farmland drainage ditch (2) is the same as the elevation after stripping the topsoil of the field (1), the ditch bottom (8) is an ordinary concrete impermeable layer, and the left and right sides of the farmland drainage ditch (2) are The structures of the ditch walls on both sides are the same, and the structure of the ditch walls is: from bottom to top, the lower layer of the ditch wall (9) and the upper layer of the ditch wall (10), the lower layer of the ditch wall (9) is sand-free concrete permeable layer, the upper layer (10) of the ditch wall is an impermeable layer of masonry, and a water control gate (3) is arranged at the end of the water flow direction of the farmland drainage ditch (2); The fields (1) on the left and right sides have the same structure, and the structure of the field (1) is: a compound tillage layer (4) and a water channel layer (5) are arranged sequentially from top to bottom, and the water channel layer ( 5) is a coarse sand permeable layer, the water channel layer (5) has the same design elevation as the lower layer (9) of the ditch wall, the thickness G3 of the water channel layer (5) is equal to the height H1 of the lower layer (9) of the ditch wall, G3 = H1; the compound tillage layer (4) is successively topsoil covering layer (7) and guest soil layer (6) from top to bottom, and the maximum elevation of the topsoil covering layer (7) is greater than the maximum height of the top layer (10) on the ditch wall. Elevation, the minimum elevation of the guest soil layer (6) and the upper layer (10) of the ditch wall is the same, the ratio of the thickness G of the compound tillage layer (4) to the thickness G3 of the moisture channel layer (5) is equal to or greater than 3:1, G : G3≥3:1, the ratio of the thickness G1 of the topsoil cover layer (7) to the thickness G2 of the guest soil layer (6) is equal to or greater than 2:1, G1:G2≥2:1. 2. The three-dimensional control system for moisture in waterlogged farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness G of the composite tillage layer (4) is 20-30 cm, and the thickness G3 of the moisture channel layer (5) is 5-10 cm ; The thickness G1 of the surface soil covering layer (7) is 15-20 cm, and the thickness G2 of the guest soil layer (6) is 5-10 cm. 3. according to claim 1 and 2 described three-dimensional regulation and control system of waterlogging farmland moisture, described topsoil covering layer (7) is the stripped topsoil of field piece (1), and described guest soil layer (6) is field piece ( 1) Outside the soil.