CN205063929U - 一种煤矿井下封压一体化分段水力压裂装置 - Google Patents
一种煤矿井下封压一体化分段水力压裂装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN205063929U CN205063929U CN201520770574.7U CN201520770574U CN205063929U CN 205063929 U CN205063929 U CN 205063929U CN 201520770574 U CN201520770574 U CN 201520770574U CN 205063929 U CN205063929 U CN 205063929U
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- Prior art keywords
- coiled tubing
- capsule
- fracturing
- pressure
- separate
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- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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[C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种煤矿井下封压一体化分段水力压裂装置，包括连续油管上依次设置的孔口锚固器、第一封隔胶囊、单向阀、第二封隔胶囊等；连续油管穿过第一、第二封隔胶囊中间且在胶囊内部分开有出水孔，连续油管外接压裂泵，在末端设置有丝堵，第一、第二封隔胶囊与连续油管通过高压管箍及防突垫圈固定连接，单向阀与连续油管间丝扣连接。相比传统的井下钻孔先封后压且只进行一次全钻孔水力压裂的方式，本实用新型实现了封隔、压裂的一体化，并且可以将钻孔封隔成多段，分段进行水力压裂，在煤层中开启更加均匀的缝隙，结构简单，可操作性强。
Description
技术领域
[0001] 本实用新型涉及一种煤矿井下封压一体化分段水力压裂装置的技术领域。
背景技术
[0002] 伴随煤炭开采过程中产生的大量瓦斯对于煤矿的安全生产构成了重大的威胁。一直以来，煤炭生产技术人员都在致力于减少煤炭开采过程中的瓦斯涌出工作。采前预抽煤层瓦斯是我国目前治理瓦斯问题的一项重要手段。然而，我国煤层透气性系数普遍较低，一般的采前预抽很难达到理想的抽采效果。
[0003]目前，瓦斯抽采之前对煤层进行水力压裂作为一种有效的煤层增透技术在较多地方逐步得到大规模应用。但是，现行的水力压裂一般是对钻孔只进行一次全钻孔压裂，其对应的封孔方法就是将压裂管柱下入钻孔后，在孔口用封隔器或者水泥砂浆或者聚氨酯类化学浆液环空封堵孔口，高压水很容易在钻孔内煤层薄弱地方开启大量裂缝，甚至沿着一条主裂缝与其他临近钻孔沟通而对其他不易压裂的地方的增透效果并不理想，这使得钻孔局部位置的煤层透气性系数并没有得到较大程度的提高，降低了单孔的压裂效率，如果后期瓦斯抽采不充分，在煤炭开采过程中很容易出现局部瓦斯涌出过量的现象，这种増透效果的不均衡性严重制约着水力压裂技术的应用普及。另外，一次压裂全钻孔的方法要求压裂设备能够提供较大的压裂排量、较高的注液压力，因此这使得井下的压裂设备体积庞大，系统复杂，并不适应井下巷道狭窄、作业空间有限的特点。
[0004] 因此，发明一种能够缩短压裂段长，使煤层开启的裂缝更加均匀，提高压裂效率，更好的适应井下的作业特点的压裂及封孔方法，成为促进水力压裂技术应用推广的关键。
发明内容
[0005] 本实用新型的目的在于克服上述技术中的不足，提供一种结构简单，操作方便的水力压裂装置。
[0006] 本实用新型采用的技术方案是:一种煤矿井下封压一体化分段水力压裂装置，包括连续油管上依次设置的孔口锚固器、第一封隔胶囊、单向阀、第二封隔胶囊。
[0007] 所述的连续油管穿过第一、第二封隔胶囊中间且在胶囊内部分开有出水孔。
[0008] 所述的连续油管外端接有水力压裂栗，末端设置有丝堵。
[0009] 所述的封隔胶囊与连续油管通过高压管箍及防突垫圈固定连接。
[0010] 所述的单向阀上设有对称分布的两个注液孔，单向阀与连续油管间丝扣连接。
[0011] 所述的单向阀启动压力为5MPa。
[0012] 与传统的单孔一次全钻孔水力压裂方式相比，本实用新型采用两个封隔胶囊串联的方式将整个钻孔分隔成多段，每次将压力集中在一小段上压裂，然后按一定的次序逐段进行水力压裂，由于作用面比较集中，使煤层中开启的缝隙更加均匀，大大提高了压裂效率，同时也减小了水流量，从而降低了对压裂系统的要求，使设备体积大大减小，可以更好地适应井下的巷道条件，可操作性强，便于技术推广。
附图说明
[0013] 图1为本发明压裂前的结构示意图。
[0014] 图2为本发明压裂后的结构示意图。
[0015] 图中，I一连续油管，2—第一封隔胶囊，3—单向阀，4一第二封隔胶囊，5—出水孔，6—高压管箍，7—丝扣，8—注液孔，9一压裂栗，10—孔口锚固器，11 一丝堵，12—钻孔。
具体实施方式
[0016] 如图1所示，一种煤矿井下封压一体化分段水力压裂装置，包括连续油管(I)上依次设置的孔口锚固器(10)、第一封隔胶囊(2)、单向阀(3)、第二封隔胶囊(4)。
[0017] 特别的，连续油管(I)穿过第一、第二封隔胶囊中间且在胶囊内部分开有出水孔
(5)0
[0018] 特别的，连续油管(I)外端接有水力压裂栗(9 )，末端设置有丝堵(11)。
[0019] 特别的，封隔胶囊与连续油管(I)通过高压管箍(6)及防突垫圈固定连接。
[0020] 特别的，单向阀(3 )上设有对称分布的两个注液孔(8 )，单向阀(3 )与连续油管(I)间丝扣(7)连接。
[0021 ] 特别的，单向阀(3)启动压力为5MPa。
[0022] 如图2所示，本发明工作时与其他井下压裂设备配合使用。首先，将压裂管柱下入钻孔(12)内预定位置，开启压裂栗(9)，高压水通过连续油管上(I)的出水孔(5)进入第一封隔胶囊(2)和第二封隔胶囊(4)内，高压水使封隔胶囊膨胀坐封，与钻孔壁紧密接触，在两个封隔胶囊之间形成密闭空间。随着压力的升高，连续油管(I)内的高压水压力达到单向阀(3 )的启动压力5MPa后，单向阀(3 )阀门开启，高压水通过单向阀(3 )的注液孔(8 )进入到封隔胶囊形成的封闭空间内，随着注液压力的不断增大高压水压裂煤层，在煤层中开启、扩展新生裂隙，沟通、延伸次生裂缝。压裂完成后，关闭压裂栗(9)，封隔胶囊解封，将压裂管柱外提一个压裂单元后，重复上述步骤直至完成整个钻孔(12)的压裂工作。
Claims (6)
1.一种煤矿井下封压一体化分段水力压裂装置，其特征在于:包括连续油管上依次设置的孔口锚固器、第一封隔胶囊、单向阀、第二封隔胶囊、丝堵。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种煤矿井下封压一体化分段水力压裂装置，其特征在于:所述的连续油管穿过第一、第二封隔胶囊中间且在胶囊内部分开有出水孔。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种煤矿井下封压一体化分段水力压裂装置，其特征在于:所述的连续油管外端接有水力压裂栗，末端设置有丝堵。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种煤矿井下封压一体化分段水力压裂装置，其特征在于:所述的封隔胶囊与连续油管通过高压管箍及防突垫圈固定连接。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种煤矿井下封压一体化分段水力压裂装置，其特征在于:所述的单向阀上设有对称分布的两个注液孔，单向阀与连续油管间丝扣连接。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种煤矿井下封压一体化分段水力压裂装置，其特征在于:所述的单向阀启动压力为5MPa。
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105891001A (zh) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-24 | 中南大学 | 岩石孔内分段加卸荷试验装置 |
| CN108643877A (zh) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-10-12 | 中国矿业大学 | 煤矿井下煤层长钻孔分段压裂增透与抽采瓦斯方法 |
| WO2019196503A1 (zh) * | 2018-04-12 | 2019-10-17 | 山东科技大学 | 一种基于钻机动力的井下快速割缝定向水力压裂系统及方法 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105891001A (zh) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-24 | 中南大学 | 岩石孔内分段加卸荷试验装置 |
| WO2019196503A1 (zh) * | 2018-04-12 | 2019-10-17 | 山东科技大学 | 一种基于钻机动力的井下快速割缝定向水力压裂系统及方法 |
| CN108643877A (zh) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-10-12 | 中国矿业大学 | 煤矿井下煤层长钻孔分段压裂增透与抽采瓦斯方法 |
| CN108643877B (zh) * | 2018-05-21 | 2022-03-04 | 中国矿业大学 | 煤矿井下煤层长钻孔分段压裂增透与抽采瓦斯方法 |
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