CN205052255U - Edible mushroom cultivation is with energy -conserving big -arch shelter of cooling - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an agricultural greenhouse's technical field discloses an edible mushroom cultivation is with energy -conserving big -arch shelter of cooling. The energy -conserving big -arch shelter of cooling down includes cascade, first fan, second fan, third fan, water catch bowl, sterilizing equipment, return water pond and ventilation pipe. The embedding of first fan sets up on a big -arch shelter lateral wall, the cascade sets up in the place ahead of first fan, the place ahead of cascade sets up the second fan, the embedding of third fan sets up on opposed big -arch shelter lateral wall of cascade, the water catch bowl sets up in the bottom in the big -arch shelter outside, sterilizing equipment's one end is connected with the delivery port of water catch bowl, and the other end is connected with the return water pond, the ventilation pipe sets up in the place ahead of second fan. The utility model discloses simple structure can convey the cold air to each corner of big -arch shelter through the combined action of cascade fan and ventilation pipe, makes the inside temperature of big -arch shelter even, can carry out cyclic utilization to water resource and the rainwater that provides again, and is energy -concerving and environment -protective.

Description

A cooling and energy-saving greenhouse for edible fungus cultivation

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural greenhouses, in particular to a cooling and energy-saving greenhouse for edible fungus cultivation.

Background technique

At present, the production seasons of edible fungi in most areas of my country are generally concentrated in the three low-temperature seasons of autumn, winter and spring, while mushrooms are rarely produced in summer in the high-temperature season. This is inseparable from the environmental conditions required for the growth of edible fungi. The environmental conditions that affect the growth of edible fungi mainly include temperature, humidity, light, air and ventilation. Temperature is one of the most important environmental conditions affecting the growth and development of edible fungi. Different species have different temperature requirements in different growth and development stages. Generally, the temperature required for the mycelium growth stage is higher, at 20-26°C, and the temperature required for the fruiting body growth stage is lower, generally at 13-18°C. The temperature affects the time of germination, fruiting time and quality, so the temperature determines the success or failure of production and economic benefits. Edible fungi do not need direct sunlight during the growth process, so it is necessary to shading the greenhouse. In addition, humidity is also one of the important factors affecting the growth of edible fungi. In the stage of mycelium growth, the relative air humidity should be below 75%; while in the fruiting stage, the relative air humidity should be above 90%.

Therefore, during the cultivation of edible fungi in greenhouses in summer, it is necessary to artificially adjust the environmental conditions that affect the growth of edible fungi, such as temperature, humidity, and light, to create the most suitable growth environment and improve the quality and output of edible fungi. In the prior art, using a water curtain fan system to cool down a greenhouse is a relatively common method. Generally, the water curtain is installed on the side wall of the greenhouse, and the fan is installed on the side wall of the greenhouse opposite the water curtain. The air inside the greenhouse is drawn out by the fan to form a pressure difference inside and outside the greenhouse, and the air outside the greenhouse is forced. Inhale the greenhouse from the water curtain, and when the air flows through the water curtain, the water evaporates and absorbs heat, thereby reducing the air temperature and increasing the air humidity. However, the water consumption of the above-mentioned method will be relatively large, and it is obviously unable to meet the requirements of long-term use under the condition of limited water resources. In addition, due to the influence of the location and quantity of water curtains and fans installed, the temperature inside the greenhouse is prone to unevenness, which may affect the normal growth of edible fungi.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a cooling and energy-saving greenhouse for edible fungus cultivation. The cooling and energy-saving greenhouse can transmit cold air to every corner of the greenhouse through the joint action of the water curtain fan and the ventilation pipe. , so that the temperature inside the greenhouse is uniform, and the water resources and rainwater provided can be recycled, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A cooling and energy-saving greenhouse for edible fungus cultivation, comprising a water curtain, a first fan, a second fan, a third fan, a cold water source device, a water pump, a water inlet pipe, a water delivery pipe, an insulation layer, a water spray device, a water collection tank, and a sterilization device , return pool and ventilation pipe; the first fan is embedded on the side wall of the greenhouse; the water curtain is arranged in front of the first fan; the second fan is arranged in front of the water curtain; the third fan is embedded It is arranged on the side wall of the greenhouse opposite to the water curtain; the outside of the greenhouse is covered with a plastic film; the outside of the plastic film is covered with an insulation layer, and the coverage of the insulation layer is the top of the greenhouse and the first fan and the second fan. The other two sides of the greenhouse where the three fans are located; the water spray device is arranged on the outside of the insulation layer and in the middle of the top of the greenhouse; one end of the water inlet pipe is respectively connected to the water inlet on the top of the water curtain and the water spray device , the other end is respectively connected to the cold water source device and the return pool through the water pump; one end of the water delivery pipe is connected to the water outlet of the sump, and the other end is connected to the return pool through a sterilizing device; the water outlet at the bottom of the water curtain is connected to the sump ; The first valve, the second valve, and the third valve are respectively arranged between the water pump, the cold water source device, the return pool, and the water spray device; the ventilation pipe is arranged in front of the second fan.

The working principle of the greenhouse is as follows: when the cold water source device is used for water supply, the first valve and the third valve are opened, and the second valve is closed. The cold water is sent to the water inlet and the water spray device at the top of the water curtain through the water pump through the water inlet pipe. The cold water at the top of the water curtain flows slowly from top to bottom to the bottom of the water curtain due to gravity, and the cold water sprayed or flowed out from the water spray device Slowly flow along the insulation layer on the top of the greenhouse to the bottom of the greenhouse, taking away the heat from the surface of the insulation layer and avoiding the heat from continuing to be transmitted to the interior of the greenhouse. The air outside the greenhouse is inhaled by the first fan and blows to the water curtain, the air passing through the water curtain reduces the temperature due to the heat absorbed by the water evaporation, and the cold air flowing out from the water curtain flows down to the greenhouse through the joint action of the second fan and the ventilation pipe The other end is conveyed to ensure an even temperature. At the same time, the third fan discharges the hot air inside the greenhouse to the outside of the greenhouse to promote the flow of air and accelerate the reduction of the temperature inside the greenhouse. If the first fan and the third fan are turned off, a relatively airtight space will be formed inside the greenhouse. When the second fan is working, an air pressure difference can be formed between the front and back of the water curtain, so that the air behind the water curtain will actively flow through the water curtain due to the high pressure. The cold air after the cooling treatment is sent to the other end of the greenhouse through the joint action of the second fan and the ventilation pipe, which can also cool down the interior of the greenhouse and make the temperature uniform. After passing through the water curtain, the remaining water is discharged from the water outlet at the bottom of the water curtain to the sump, and the water flowing down from the top of the greenhouse is also collected in the sump. The water pipe connected to the outlet of the sump transports the water in the sump to the sterilization The device is transported to the backwater tank for storage after being sterilized. When the storage capacity of water in the backwater pond reaches a certain amount, when the backwater pond can be used for water supply, the second valve and the third valve are opened, the first valve is closed, and the water pump will extract the water in the backwater pond for the greenhouse to cool down.

In order to better transmit the cold air flowing out of the water curtain to all corners of the greenhouse, ensure that the temperature inside the greenhouse is uniform. Further, ventilation holes are opened around the ventilation pipe.

In order to make full use of and collect water resources, realize the recycling of water resources. Further, there are two water collection tanks, which are respectively located at the bottom of the two sides of the greenhouse covered by the insulation layer.

For the convenience of transporting the water collected in the sump to the return basin, too much water will not remain in the sump. Further, a water outlet is provided at one end of the water collection tank near the bottom, and the bottom level of the end of the water collection tank with the water outlet is lower than that of the bottom of the other end of the water collection tank.

In order to filter out impurities contained in the water, make sure that equipment such as water pipes and sprinklers are working properly. Further, a filtering device is provided between the sterilizing device and the sump.

In order to effectively reduce the influence of the water pipes installed outside the greenhouse due to external sunlight and other conditions on the water pipes, thereby increasing the temperature of the water. Further, the outer sides of the water inlet pipe and the water delivery pipe are covered with thermal insulation cotton.

In order to realize temperature regulation inside the greenhouse by itself, without the help of outside air to realize temperature regulation. Further, a baffle is provided at the air suction port of the first fan, and the baffle is movably connected with the air suction port of the first fan.

In order to effectively adjust the water output of the water pump, avoid the water demand of the water curtain exceeding the demand, and save water resources. Further, the water pump is connected with a variable frequency motor.

In order to effectively reduce the temperature of the water flowing through the water curtain and improve the cooling effect. Further, the cold water source device is a water well or a water pool provided with a refrigeration device.

In order to make the air cooled by the water curtain quickly flow to all corners of the greenhouse to achieve uniform temperature inside the greenhouse. Further, an auxiliary fan is provided in the middle of the greenhouse.

In order to eliminate the interference of miscellaneous bacteria in the water, the sterilized water will not affect the normal growth of edible fungi. Further, the sterilizing device adopts one or more of ozone sterilizing, chlorine sterilizing, and ultraviolet sterilizing.

In order to ensure that the valve can work normally under certain conditions, the control process of the greenhouse can be realized smoothly. Further, the first valve, the second valve, and the third valve adopt one or more of electric valves, pneumatic valves, and hydraulic valves.

In order to ensure that the air is blown directly to the water curtain and transmitted forward, the air flow is promoted. Further, the first fan, the second fan, and the third fan are one or more of an axial fan, a centrifugal fan, and a diagonal fan.

In order to effectively reduce the temperature of the insulation layer outside the greenhouse and reduce the heat transfer from the outside of the greenhouse to the inside of the greenhouse. Further, the water spraying device is an automatic water spraying device or a metal pipe or a plastic pipe with a plurality of holes around it.

In order to realize effective thermal insulation of the greenhouse and prolong the service life of the plastic film at the same time. Further, the thermal insulation layer consists of a blanket and a black waterproof film from the inside to the outside.

In order to effectively reduce the temperature of the water flowing through the water curtain, at the same time, the temperature of the water in the return pool will not be too high so that it cannot be used for the greenhouse. Further, a refrigeration device is provided in the return pool.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

The cooling and energy-saving greenhouse for edible fungus cultivation has the characteristics of simple structural design and high resource utilization rate. It can not only transmit cold air to every corner of the greenhouse through the joint action of the water curtain fan and the ventilation pipe, so that the temperature inside the greenhouse can be uniform, but also can recycle the provided water resources and rainwater, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the cooling and energy-saving greenhouse.

detailed description

The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Wherein, the accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only, and represent only schematic diagrams, rather than actual drawings, and should not be construed as limitations on this patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model, some parts of the accompanying drawings will be omitted , enlargement or reduction, and do not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, a cooling and energy-saving greenhouse for edible fungus cultivation includes a water curtain 1, a first fan 2, a second fan 3, a third fan 4, a cold water source device 5, a water pump 6, a frequency conversion motor 7, and a water inlet pipe. 8. Water delivery pipe 9, plastic film 10, insulation layer 11, baffle plate 12, water spray device 13, sump 14, sterilizing device 15, return pool 16, first valve 17, second valve 18, third valve 19 and Ventilation pipe 20. The first fan 2 is embedded on the side wall of the greenhouse; the water curtain 1 is arranged in front of the first fan 2; the second fan 3 is arranged in front of the water curtain 1; the third fan 4 is embedded in the greenhouse opposite the water curtain 1 On the side wall; the outside of the greenhouse is covered with a plastic film 10; the outer side of the plastic film 10 is covered with an insulation layer 11, and the coverage of the insulation layer 11 is the top of the greenhouse and the two ends of the greenhouse where the first fan 2 and the third fan 4 are located. The remaining 2 sides of the water curtain 1; the water spray device 13 is arranged on the outside of the insulation layer 11 and is located in the middle of the top of the greenhouse; one end of the water inlet pipe 8 is connected with the water inlet and the water spray device 13 on the top of the water curtain 1 respectively, and the other end passes through the water pump 6 respectively Connect to the cold water source device 5 and the return pool 16; one end of the water delivery pipe 9 is connected to the water outlet of the sump 14, and the other end is connected to the return pool 16 through the sterilizing device 15; the water outlet at the bottom of the water curtain 1 is connected to the sump 14; the water pump A first valve 17, a second valve 18, and a third valve 19 are arranged between the cold water source device 5, the return pool 16, and the water spray device 13; the ventilation pipe 20 is arranged in front of the second fan 3. Wherein, the sump 14 is provided with 2, respectively positioned at the bottom of 2 sides of the greenhouse covered by the insulation layer 11; the top of the sump 14 is an open structure, and the bottom and surroundings are an airtight structure; There is a water outlet, and the sump 14 is provided with a level at the bottom of one end of the water outlet that is lower than that at the bottom of the other end of the sump; the return pool 16 is arranged below the ground surface, and its shape is a cuboid; the outside of the water inlet pipe 8 and the water delivery pipe 9 Covered with thermal insulation cotton; the air suction port of the first fan 2 is provided with a baffle 12, and the baffle 12 is flexibly connected with the air suction port of the first fan 2.

In this embodiment, the first fan 2, the second fan 3 and the third fan 4 are centrifugal fans, the first valve 17, the second valve 18 and the third valve 19 are electric valves, and the water pump 6 is connected to the frequency conversion motor 7 to adjust the pump. 6 water output, the water spray device 13 is a metal pipe with a plurality of holes around it, the cold water source device 5 is a water well, and the sterilizing device 15 adopts ultraviolet light to sterilize.

During work, if the cold water source device 5 is used for water supply, the first valve 17 and the third valve 19 are opened, and the second valve 18 is closed; The second valve 18 and the third valve 19 close the first valve 17. The cold water in the cold water source device 5 or the return pool is transported to the water inlet and the water spray device 13 on the top of the water curtain 1 through the water inlet pipe 8 through the water pump 6, and the cold water on the top of the water curtain is slowly flowing from top to bottom due to gravity. The bottom flows, and the cold water sprayed or flowed out from the sprinkler 13 slowly flows along the insulation layer 11 at the top of the greenhouse to the bottom of the greenhouse, taking away the heat on the surface of the insulation layer, and avoiding further heat transfer to the interior of the greenhouse.

When it is only necessary to cool down inside the greenhouse, open the second fan 3, close the first fan 2 and the third fan 4, and block the air suction port of the first fan 2 with the baffle plate 12. When the second fan 3 works, it can make the front and back of the water curtain 1 form an air pressure difference, that is, the air in front of the water curtain 1 is sucked by the second fan 3 and sent forward, so that the air pressure of the air in front of the water curtain is lower than that of the air behind the water curtain The air pressure at the back of the water curtain automatically flows through the water curtain 1 due to the high air pressure. The air flowing through the water curtain reduces the temperature of the air and increases the humidity due to the heat in the air being absorbed by the water, and then the second fan 3, the ventilation pipe 20 and the auxiliary fan arranged in the middle of the greenhouse will send the cooled air to the greenhouse. Transmission from all corners of the interior, thereby reducing the temperature inside the greenhouse and ensuring uniform temperature. Since the air suction port of the first fan 2 is blocked by the baffle plate 12, an airtight space is formed inside the greenhouse, which can effectively isolate the outside hot air from flowing into the greenhouse from the air suction port of the first fan 2 due to the pressure difference, thereby speeding up the cooling time inside the greenhouse. After passing through the water curtain 1, the remaining water is discharged to the sump 14 from the water outlet at the bottom of the water curtain to avoid waste. Equally, the water flowing down from the top of the greenhouse also collects respectively in two sump tanks 14, and the water delivery pipe 9 connected to the outlet of the sump tanks 14 transports the water in the sump tanks 14 to the sterilizing device 15, and transports it to The return pool 16 is stored for subsequent use.

When it is necessary to provide fresh air for the inside of the greenhouse during the above-mentioned cooling process, the baffle 12 at the air suction port of the first fan 2 can be removed, and the first fan 2 and the third fan 4 can be started at the same time. When the first fan 2 is working, the air outside the greenhouse is sucked by the first fan 2 and blows to the water curtain 1. The air passing through the water curtain 1 reduces the temperature and increases the humidity due to water evaporation and heat absorption, and the cold water flowing out from the water curtain 1 The air is sent to the other end of the greenhouse through the second fan 3, the ventilation pipe 20 and the auxiliary fan arranged in the middle of the greenhouse. At the same time, the third fan 4 discharges the hot air inside the greenhouse to the outside of the greenhouse to promote the flow of air and accelerate the cooling process.

In addition, the variable frequency motor 7 can effectively adjust the water output of the water pump through the control of the water pump 6, so as to avoid oversupply of the water demand of the water curtain and save water resources. The filtering device provided between the sump 14 and the sterilizing device 15 can filter out impurities contained in the water. In order to avoid too much water in the backwater pool and the water temperature is too high to be used for cooling the greenhouse, a refrigeration device is also provided in the backwater pool.

Apparently, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, rather than limiting the implementation manner of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other changes or changes in different forms can be made on the basis of the above description. All modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A cooling and energy-saving greenhouse for edible fungus cultivation, characterized in that it includes a water curtain (1), a first fan (2), a second fan (3), a third fan (4), and a cold water source device (5) , water pump (6), water inlet pipe (8), water delivery pipe (9), insulation layer (11), water spray device (13), sump (14), sterilizing device (15), return pool (16) and ventilation pipe (20); the first fan (2) is embedded on the side wall of the greenhouse; the water curtain (1) is arranged in front of the first fan (2); the water curtain (1) is arranged in front of The second fan (3); the third fan (4) is embedded on the side wall of the greenhouse opposite the water curtain (1); the outside of the greenhouse is covered with a plastic film (10); the plastic film (10 ) is covered with an insulation layer (11), and the coverage of the insulation layer is the top of the greenhouse and the other two sides except the two ends of the greenhouse where the first fan (2) and the third fan (4) are located; the said The water spray device (13) is arranged on the outside of the insulation layer (11) and in the middle of the top of the greenhouse; one end of the water inlet pipe (8) is respectively connected to the water inlet on the top of the water curtain (1) and the water spray device (13), The other end is respectively connected to the cold water source device (5) and the return pool (16) through the water pump (6); one end of the water delivery pipe (9) is connected to the water outlet of the sump (14), and the other end is passed through the sterilizing device (15) Connected to the return pool (16); the water outlet at the bottom of the water curtain (1) is connected to the sump (14); the water pump (6) is connected to the cold water source device (5), the return pool (16), and the water spray device The first valve (17), the second valve (18) and the third valve (19) are respectively arranged between (13); the ventilation pipe (20) is arranged in front of the second fan (3). 2. The cooling and energy-saving greenhouse for edible fungus cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that ventilation holes are opened around the ventilation pipe (20). 3. The cooling and energy-saving greenhouse for edible fungus cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that there are two water collection tanks (14), which are respectively located at the bottom of the two sides of the greenhouse covered by the insulation layer (11). 4. The cooling and energy-saving greenhouse for edible fungus cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, one end of the sump (14) is provided with a water outlet near the bottom, and the bottom of the sump (14) is provided with a water outlet The horizontal height is lower than the horizontal height of the bottom of the other end of the sump (14). 5 . The cooling and energy-saving greenhouse for edible fungus cultivation according to claim 1 , characterized in that a filtering device is provided between the sterilizing device ( 15 ) and the water collection tank ( 14 ). 6 . The cooling and energy-saving greenhouse for edible fungus cultivation according to claim 1 , characterized in that, the outer sides of the water inlet pipe ( 8 ) and the water delivery pipe ( 9 ) are covered with thermal insulation cotton. 7. The cooling and energy-saving greenhouse for edible fungus cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that a baffle (12) is provided at the air suction port of the first fan (2), and the baffle (12) is connected to the first The suction port of the blower fan (2) is flexibly connected. 8. The cooling and energy-saving greenhouse for edible fungus cultivation according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the water pump (6) is connected to a frequency conversion motor (7). 9. The cooling and energy-saving greenhouse for edible fungus cultivation according to claim 8, characterized in that, the cold water source device (5) is a water well or a pool equipped with a refrigeration device. 10 . The cooling and energy-saving greenhouse for edible fungus cultivation according to claim 8 , wherein an auxiliary fan is provided in the middle of the greenhouse. 11 .