CN205010248U - Doublestage formula vehicle front end energy -absorbing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a doublestage formula vehicle front end energy -absorbing device, including setting up the energy absorber at the vehicle front end, the energy absorber includes the elastic deformation mechanism and the plastic deformation mechanism that lies in the rear end that lie in the front end, power transmission each other between elastic deformation mechanism and the plastic deformation mechanism, the ultimate load of elastic deformation mechanism is fj1, the drive load of plastic deformation mechanism is fj2, wherein fj2 <= fj1. But the highly sensitive nature resilience of elastic deformation mechanism and the high energy -absorbing nature of controllability and plastic deformation mechanism have been utilized, impact energy under the different train collision condition of absorption that can be quick, sensitive, steady.

Description

A two-stage vehicle front end energy absorbing device

technical field

The utility model relates to a two-stage vehicle front-end energy-absorbing device, which belongs to the front-end energy-absorbing device for rail transit vehicles.

Background technique

The energy-absorbing device is generally applied to the end of the rail vehicle. When a train collides with the train, the energy-absorbing device absorbs the collision energy to protect the safety of the car body and passengers. At present, most of the front-end energy-absorbing devices of rail vehicles are mainly composed of anti-climbers and plastically deformed beams. The anti-climbers are mainly used to prevent the phenomenon of climbing and stacking when vehicles collide, and the plastically deformed beams are used to absorb collision energy.

In CN203402203 "Energy Absorbing Mechanism for Front End of Urban Railway Broad-gauge Vehicle", a structure is mentioned in which anti-climbers and plastically deformed beams are assembled on both sides of the vehicle. This structure mainly absorbs energy through a plastically deformed beam.

In CN203460874 "Energy Absorbing Mechanism for Front End of Urban Railway Broad-gauge Vehicle", a structure of wide-body anti-climber plus plastically deformed beam is also mentioned, and this structure also mainly absorbs energy through a plastically deformed beam.

However, this technical solution of using plastically deformed beams for energy absorption has relatively large defects:

(1) When the plastically deformed beam absorbs energy, it is prone to uncontrollable plastic crushing, which will affect the overall effect of energy absorption.

(2) This kind of energy absorption has no stages. Only when the collision energy reaches a certain value can the energy absorption of the plastically deformed beam be triggered. Therefore, the plastically deformed beam cannot absorb lower collision energy, and the plastically deformed beam cannot recover after absorbing the collision energy.

(3) Plastic deformation beams are generally rod-type structures. When a collision occurs, the deformation amount and deformation and twisting direction of the train in different directions and positions are relatively random. It is difficult for the energy-absorbing device of the rod-type structure to absorb the collision energy uniformly, and the stability is relatively high. Difference.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: to overcome the technical problems of poor controllability, poor stability and insensitivity of the deformation of the plastically deformed beam in the prior art, and provide a two-stage vehicle front end energy absorbing device.

The technical scheme that the utility model solves its technical problem adopts is:

A two-stage vehicle front end energy absorbing device, comprising an energy absorber arranged at the front end of the vehicle, the energy absorber includes an elastic deformation mechanism at the front end and a plastic deformation mechanism at the rear end, the elastic deformation mechanism and the plastic deformation mechanism Forces are transmitted between the deformation mechanisms, the limit load of the elastic deformation mechanism is Fj ¹ , and the driving load of the plastic deformation mechanism is Fj ² , wherein Fj ² ≤ Fj ¹ .

As a further innovation of the utility model, the elastic deformation mechanism includes a linear compression energy absorber, the linear compression energy absorber includes a guide outer cylinder 3, a guide inner cylinder 1 and an elastic compression medium 4, the guide outer The front end of the cylinder 3 is set on the guide inner cylinder 1, and the elastic compression medium 4 is arranged in the guide inner cylinder 1, and the elastic compression medium 4 is compressed or relaxed by the relative movement of the guide inner cylinder 1 in the guide outer cylinder 3.

As a further innovation of the present utility model, the inner wall of the guide outer cylinder 3 is provided with a support surface A3-1, the inner wall of the guide inner cylinder 1 is provided with a support surface B1-1, and the elastic compression medium 4 is arranged on the support surface A3-1. 1 and the supporting surface B1-1.

As a further innovation of the present utility model, the elastic compression medium 4 is a gas-liquid buffer.

As a further innovation of the present utility model, the outer wall of the guide inner cylinder 1 has an anti-rotation groove 1-3, and an anti-rotation strip 9 is fixed on the guide outer cylinder 3, and the anti-rotation strip 9 passes through the cylinder of the guide outer cylinder 3 The wall is snapped into the anti-rotation groove 1-3, and the anti-rotation bar 9 is slidingly matched with the anti-rotation groove 1-3.

As a further innovation of the present utility model, a limit ring A2 is installed on the inner wall of the front end of the guide outer cylinder 3, and a limit step C1-2 is provided on the outer wall of the guide inner cylinder 1. The abutment of the limit ring A2 and the limit step C1-2 limits the guide inner cylinder 1 .

As a further innovation of the present utility model, the plastic deformation mechanism includes a crushing tube 6, and the rear end of the guiding outer cylinder 3 is pressed into the crushing tube ⁶ with a force of Fj2.

As a further innovation of the present utility model, the energy absorber also includes a mounting base 8 through which the energy absorber is fixedly connected to the front end of the vehicle.

As a further innovation of the present utility model, the inner wall of the mounting seat 8 is provided with an annular inner flange 8-1, and the crushing pipe 6 is provided with an outer flange 6-1 corresponding to the inner flange 8-1, and the elastic The pin 7 passes through the inner flange 8-1 and the outer flange 6-1 to securely connect the crush pipe 6 to the installation base 8 .

As a further innovation of the present utility model, a limit ring B5 is installed on the inner wall of the mounting seat 8, and a limit step D3-2 is arranged on the outer wall of the guide outer cylinder 3, and the limit ring B5 and the limit step D3-2 are offset Limit the guide outer cylinder 3.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

1. The utility model includes an elastic deformation mechanism with relatively gentle compression linearity and a plastic deformation mechanism with relatively steep compression linearity and relatively high preload, which utilizes the high sensitivity, resilience, controllability and plasticity of the elastic deformation mechanism The high energy absorption of the deformation mechanism can quickly, sensitively and smoothly absorb the impact energy of different train collision situations. When the train collides at low speed, the collision impact energy is small, and the small impact energy is absorbed by the elastic deformation mechanism. Compared with the plastic deformation beam, the elastic deformation mechanism can not only absorb the small impact energy, but also recover quickly after energy absorption To the initial state, there is no need to replace the energy absorber; when the train collides at high speed, the impact energy of the collision is relatively large. In addition to the elastic energy-absorbing mechanism absorbing the impact energy, the plastic deformation mechanism can absorb the energy that the elastic deformation mechanism cannot absorb. Compared with the plastically deformed beam, it will not produce irregular and nonlinear deformation, and can effectively control the entire shock absorption process.

2. The driving load of the plastic deformation mechanism of the utility model is not greater than the limit load of the elastic deformation mechanism, so that the energy absorption between the elastic deformation mechanism and the plastic deformation mechanism is more consistent, and there will be no damage to the plastic deformation mechanism when the elastic deformation mechanism is completely compressed. The situation that has not been triggered eliminates the energy-absorbing blind zone and improves reliability.

3. The elastic deformation mechanism of the present invention is an energy absorber with a guide mechanism. The setting of the guide mechanism makes the elastic deformation mechanism not produce irregular compression deformation like a plastic deformation beam, which further improves the reliability of the entire energy absorption process. control and stability.

4. The elastic compression medium of the elastic deformation mechanism of the utility model mainly adopts a gas-liquid buffer, and the gas-liquid buffer has a high energy absorption rate. Under the same stroke and resistance, the energy that can be absorbed is relatively high. Compared with Compared with the linear compression of solid spring media, it has better relaxation.

5. The crushing tube of the utility model is fixed on the mounting seat, which can further prevent the crushing tube from rotating and improve stability.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described.

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram when the original state of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram during the low-speed collision state of the present utility model;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram during the high-speed collision state of the present utility model;

Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view of the utility model;

Fig. 5 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present utility model;

Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the guide inner cylinder;

Fig. 7 is a schematic sectional view of the guide outer cylinder;

Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the crush tube;

Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the mounting seat;

The figure includes: guide inner cylinder 1, support surface B1-1, limit step C1-2, anti-rotation groove 1-3, limit ring A2, guide outer cylinder 3, support surface A3-1, limit step D3- 2. Installation hole 3-3, elastic compression medium 4, limit ring B5, crush tube 6, outer flange 6-1, elastic pin 7, mounting seat 8, inner flange 8-1, anti-rotation strip 9, Fastener 10.

detailed description

Now in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail. These drawings are all simplified schematic diagrams, and only schematically illustrate the basic structure of the utility model, so they only show the configurations related to the utility model.

In this embodiment, because this product is an energy-absorbing device for rail transit vehicles, it is subjected to a relatively large impact force. In order to ensure the strength, the support surface A3-1, support surface B1-1, limit step C1-2, limit The steps D3-2 are all annular step structures as shown in Figures 1-3.

As shown in Figures 4 to 9, the utility model is a two-stage vehicle front end energy-absorbing device, including an elastic deformation mechanism, a plastic deformation mechanism and related connecting components; wherein the elastic deformation mechanism mainly includes a guiding mechanism and an elastic compression medium , wherein the guide mechanism includes a guide inner cylinder 1 and a guide outer cylinder 3, elastically supporting the guide inner cylinder 1 and the guide outer cylinder 3 through an elastic compression medium, wherein the guide inner cylinder 1 is a semi-closed cylinder with a front end seal mechanism, an interface for connecting with the anti-climber of the vehicle is provided at the closed end of the guide inner cylinder 1, the front end of the guide outer cylinder 3 is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide inner cylinder 1, and the inner wall of the guide outer cylinder 3 is set There is a support surface A3-1, a support surface B1-1 is provided on the inner wall of the guide inner cylinder 1 at the closed end, and an elastic buffer such as a gas-liquid buffer is provided between the support surface A3-1 and the support surface B1-1. The compression medium 4 realizes the compression or relaxation of the elastic compression medium 4 through the relative use of the guide inner cylinder 1 in the guide outer cylinder 3; a limit ring A2 is threaded on the front end of the guide outer cylinder 3, and the inner guide A limit step C1-2 is provided on the outer wall of the cylinder 1, and when the elastic compression medium 4 is in a relaxed state, the guide inner cylinder 1 is limited by the confrontation between the limit ring A2 and the limit step C1-2.

As shown in Figures 4 to 7, anti-rotation grooves 1-3 are also arranged on the guide inner cylinder 1 of the present utility model, and anti-rotation strips 9 are fixed on the guide outer cylinder 3 by fasteners 10, and anti-rotation strips 9 Through the installation hole 3-3 on the guide outer cylinder 3, snap into the anti-rotation groove 1-3, the cooperation of the anti-rotation bar 9 and the anti-rotation groove 1-3 prevents the anti-climbing device from rotating with the vehicle, and avoids the rotation of the vehicle. In the event of overturning, the safety of the train is improved.

As shown in Figures 4, 5, 8, and 9, the plastic deformation mechanism of the present utility model includes a crushing tube 6, and the rear end of the guiding outer cylinder 3 is pressed into the crushing tube 6 with the force of Fj ² ; The device also includes a mounting seat 8, the mounting seat 8 is annular, an annular inner flange 8-1 is arranged on the inner wall of the mounting seat 8, and an outer flange corresponding to the inner flange 8-1 is arranged on the crushing pipe 6. flange 6-1, the elastic pin 7 passes through the outer flange 6-1 and the inner flange 8-1 to fix the crushing tube 6 on the mounting seat; A limit step D3-2 is provided on the outer wall of the cylinder 3, and the guide outer cylinder 3 is limited by the confrontation between the limit ring B5 and the limit step D3-2.

As shown in Figures 3 to 5, the energy absorbing device of the present utility model is fixedly installed on the front end of the vehicle through the mounting base 8, and the energy absorbing device absorbs collision energy to protect the safety of the vehicle body and passengers.

The original state of the energy-absorbing device is shown in Figure 1. At this time, the elastic compression medium is in a state of complete relaxation, and the crushing tube 6 has not undergone plastic deformation. The limiting step C1-2 presses against the limiting ring A2, and The position step D3-2 presses on the limit ring B5.

When a train collides at a low speed, as shown in Figure 2, the impact force is within the limit load Fj ¹ of the elastic deformation mechanism and less than the driving load Fj ² of the plastic deformation mechanism, and only the elastic deformation mechanism operates at this time. Under the impact force, the guide inner cylinder 1 moves in the guide outer cylinder 3, compresses the elastic compression medium 4, absorbs the collision energy quickly and smoothly through the elastic deformation of the elastic compression medium 4; when the energy absorption is completed, the elastic compression medium returns to In the initial diastolic state, there is no need to replace the energy-absorbing device.

When a train collides at high speed, as shown in Figure 3, the impact force exceeds the limit load Fj ¹ of the elastic deformation mechanism. Under the action of the impact force, the guide inner cylinder 1 is quickly used in the guide outer cylinder 3 to completely compress the elastic compression medium 4 , to absorb part of the collision energy; at the same time, since the impact force is greater than the driving load Fj ² of plastic deformation, the guiding outer cylinder 3 is quickly pressed into the crushing tube 6 under the action of the impact force, and the crushing tube 6 undergoes plastic deformation and quickly absorbs the remaining the collision energy. Through the joint action of the elastic deformation mechanism and the plastic deformation mechanism, the energy of the high-speed collision of the train can be quickly, sensitively and smoothly absorbed. Compared with the plastic deformation beam, there will be no irregular and nonlinear deformation, and the entire shock absorption process can be effectively controlled. .

Inspired by the above ideal embodiment according to the utility model, through the above description content, relevant staff can completely make various changes and modifications within the scope of not deviating from the technical idea of the utility model. The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the content in the description, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. a stage type vehicle front energy absorption device, comprise the energy absorber being arranged on vehicle front, it is characterized in that: described energy absorber comprises the plastic deformation mechanism that an elastic deformation mechanism being positioned at front end and are positioned at rear end, between described elastic deformation mechanism and plastic deformation mechanism, power is transmitted mutually, and the ultimate load of described elastic deformation mechanism is Fj ¹, the driving load of described plastic deformation mechanism is Fj ², wherein Fj ²≤ Fj ¹.

2. a kind of stage type vehicle front energy absorption device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described elastic deformation mechanism comprises a straight line compression energy absorber, described straight line compression energy absorber comprises guiding urceolus (3), guiding inner core (1) and elastic compression medium (4), the front end sleeve of described guiding urceolus (3) is in guiding inner core (1), elastic compression medium (4) is arranged in guiding inner core (1), by the relative motion realization of inner core (1) in guiding urceolus (3) of leading to the compression of elastic compression medium (4) or diastole.

3. a kind of stage type vehicle front energy absorption device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the inwall of described guiding urceolus (3) is provided with bearing surface A(3-1), the inwall of guiding inner core (1) is provided with bearing surface B(1-1), described elastic compression medium (4) is arranged on bearing surface A(3-1) and bearing surface B(1-1) between.

4. a kind of stage type vehicle front energy absorption device as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described elastic compression medium (4) is Liquid and gas damper.

5. a kind of stage type vehicle front energy absorption device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the outer wall of described guiding inner core (1) has anti-rotation groove (1-3), guiding urceolus (3) is fixed with anti-rotation bar (9), described anti-rotation bar (9) through guiding urceolus (3) barrel, snap onto on anti-rotation groove (1-3), anti-rotation bar (9) and anti-rotation groove (1-3) bearing fit.

6. a kind of stage type vehicle front energy absorption device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the inwall of described guiding urceolus (3) leading section is provided with spacing ring A(2), the outer wall of described guiding inner core (1) is provided with limited step C(1-2), under elastic compression medium (4) diastole state, by spacing ring A(2) with limited step C(1-2) offset and carry out spacing to the inner core (1) that leads.

7. a kind of stage type vehicle front energy absorption device as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described plastic deformation mechanism comprises a conquassation pipe (6), with Fj ²power will lead urceolus (3) rear end press-in conquassation pipe (6).

8. a kind of stage type vehicle front energy absorption device as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that: described energy absorber also comprises a mount pad (8), and energy absorber is fixedly connected on vehicle front by mount pad (8).

9. a kind of stage type vehicle front energy absorption device as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: the inwall of described mount pad (8) is provided with an annular inside flange (8-1), conquassation pipe (6) is provided with the outward flange (6-1) corresponding with inside flange (8-1), and conquassation pipe (6) is fixedly connected on mount pad (8) through inside flange (8-1) and outward flange (6-1) by resilient pin (7).

10. a kind of stage type vehicle front energy absorption device as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: the inwall of described mount pad (8) is provided with spacing ring B(5), guiding urceolus (3) outer wall be provided with limited step D(3-2), by spacing ring B(5) and limited step D(3-2) offset to lead urceolus (3) carry out spacing.