CN204996568U - Adopt granule to erode spool formula high temperature electrostatic precipitator device of deashing - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a wire-pipe high-temperature electrostatic precipitator adopting particle flushing for dust removal, which is composed of a tapered pipe electric dust collector, a particle flushing dust removal device, a water cooling device, a storage bin, an ash hopper, and a separation device. The utility model inputs the dust-cleaning particles from the storage bin to the particle inlet of the dust-cleaning device through the feeding device, and then outputs the dust-cleaning particles through the particle guide groove, so that the dust-cleaning particles roll down along the pipe wall of the gradually shrinking dust collection pole, and the particles are washed away. The ash layer on the dust collector is broken and falls off, and falls into the ash hopper to complete the process of ash cleaning. The particles falling into the ash hopper are separated and purified from the dust by the separation device. The particle guide groove makes the dust-cleaning particles evenly distributed when they fall, and the inclination of the dust-collecting pole wall of the dust collector tube forms a track for the particles to accelerate and roll down, preventing them from falling directly from the space and improving the dust-cleaning efficiency of the particles. The utility model has the advantages of convenient operation, rapid dust removal, good stability, high dust removal efficiency, and recyclable raw materials, and is especially suitable for dust removal of electrostatic dust removal devices under high temperature.

Description

A line-pipe type high-temperature electrostatic precipitator using particle washing to remove dust

technical field

The utility model relates to a line tube type high-temperature electrostatic dust removal device which adopts particle washing to remove dust, and belongs to the technical field of high-temperature electrostatic dust removal.

Background technique

With the continuous improvement of industrialization and urbanization, my country's electricity demand continues to increase. By the end of 2013, the total installed capacity of power generation in my country had reached 1.247 billion kilowatts, ranking first in the world. Among the installed capacity of power generation from various resources, coal power ranks first, accounting for 63% of the total installed capacity. Restricted by my country's energy structure, coal is still the main primary fossil energy that my country's power production relies on for a long period of time. In 2013, my country's total coal consumption was 3.68 billion tons. According to the "Energy Development Strategic Action Plan (2014-2020)" issued by the General Office of the State Council, it will reach about 4.2 billion tons by 2020. It is expected that more coal will be used for generate electricity.

The coal-based energy structure and energy consumption have produced a series of environmental pollution, including atmospheric smoke and dust, acid rain, greenhouse effect and ozone layer destruction. The resulting atmospheric smog has changed from local pollution to global pollution, from sporadic become the norm. By 2020, if effective measures are not taken, the annual emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides will reach 40 million tons and 35 million tons, respectively, even according to the scenario with the least amount of pollutants produced. At present, the development of clean coal technologies such as coal graded conversion clean power generation and integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation has become a major national strategic demand. High temperature dedusting technology is a key link in improving the stability of these systems. Among them, the electrostatic dust removal technology has the advantages of high dust removal efficiency, large flue gas treatment range, and sustainable operation. Therefore, the development of high temperature electrostatic precipitator technology (especially above 400 ℃) has far-reaching engineering significance.

The line-tube electrostatic precipitator consists of a discharge electrode wire and a dust collection pole tube. The pole line is suspended in the center of the dust collection pole tube with a heavy hammer. Electrostatic dust removal is the process of using the charge generated by corona discharge to load the particles in the airflow, so that the charged particles move under the action of the electric field force and deposit on the dust collector. The dusty gas enters from the lower part of the dust collector, and the purified gas is discharged from the top. The line-tube electrostatic precipitator has a higher electric field intensity and uniform changes, but it is more difficult to clean the dust.

When the dust accumulation on the dust collector reaches a certain thickness, it must be removed in time, otherwise it will reduce the electric field strength, affect the dust removal efficiency, and even cause back corona discharge, thus affecting the normal operation of the electrostatic precipitator. Back corona discharge is a huge challenge affecting the operation of electrostatic precipitators, and it is more likely to occur at high temperatures. It is shown that at the same operating voltage, the thickness of ash deposits that cause back corona at high temperatures is much smaller than that at normal temperature. Generally, dust removal techniques commonly used in electrostatic precipitators include lateral mechanical rapping, top electromagnetic rapping and sonic cleaning.

The lateral rapping is driven by the motor, and the shaft and the rapping hammer are driven through the reducer to realize the rapping. Vibrating dust removal is to knock off the accumulated ash into the ash bin by vibrating to complete the dust removal of the dust collector. Lateral rapping is a single-point local rapping, which has a large attenuation along the way, and the cleaning range is limited. When it is applied to the line-tube electrostatic precipitator, the uniformity of the rapping acceleration distribution is poor. There is a transmission mechanism in the lateral mechanical rapping, and the failure rate is relatively high. After a failure occurs, it needs to be shut down for processing. As the electrode tube accumulates dust and thickens, the hammer force loss is obvious. Under high temperature environment, the dust collector tube will soften, resulting in a decrease in the force generated by rapping.

Electromagnetic rapping at the top uses the attractive force of the energized coil to lift the striking rod to a certain height, and when the power is turned off, the striking rod inertially falls and hits the polar plate or cathode frame to achieve rapping. The intermittent power supply for electromagnetic rapping at the top will easily cause the coil to heat up or even burn out, making the rapping device unable to work normally. In the line-tube high-temperature electrostatic precipitator, the cathode frame is a high-temperature-resistant insulating device, which is brittle and can easily damage the high-temperature device by vibration.

Sonic cleaning uses compressed air as the power source, feeds strong sound waves of a certain energy into the electric field space of the electrostatic precipitator, and converts them into mechanical energy after reaching the polar plate and polar line, causing the dust layer to oscillate at high frequency and offset the dust on the surface of the dust layer. The adhesion force makes the agglomerated dust layer loose and fall off, so as to achieve the purpose of dust removal. However, the size of the sonic cleaning is relatively large, and it is difficult to arrange it in the in-line electrostatic precipitator. The compressed air used in sonic cleaning will greatly reduce the temperature of the gas passing through the high-temperature electrostatic precipitator and increase energy consumption. The dust deposit is thinner at high temperature, and after the dust is loosened by sound waves, the dust is not easy to fall off under gravity, and it is easy to generate secondary dust under the action of airflow.

The current vibration cleaning technology of electrostatic precipitator requires continuous vibration for several minutes after running for a period of time. This is usually only applicable to electrostatic precipitators at medium and low temperatures. Due to the small thickness of allowed dust accumulation at high temperature, frequent vibration is required. , The rapping intensity is high, it is easy to generate secondary dust, and the failure rate will increase accordingly. Moreover, the softening of the dust collector tube in a high temperature environment will reduce the force generated by rapping. The brittleness of high-temperature resistant devices is high, and rapping can easily damage high-temperature devices.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the current high-temperature electrostatic precipitator dust removal technology, and to provide a wire-pipe high-temperature electrostatic dust collector with particle flushing type dust removal, which is easy to operate, good in stability, does not need to be stopped, and has recyclable raw materials. device.

A line-pipe type high-temperature electrostatic precipitator adopting a particle scouring type dust removal device, which is characterized in that it includes an ash hopper, a tapered tube type electrostatic precipitator, a water cooling device, a particle scouring type dust removal device, an ash discharge valve, a separation device, Storage silo, feed valve; tapered tube electrostatic precipitator including tapered dust collector tube, flue gas outlet tube, clip, corundum plate with holes, quartz insulator, corona pole wire, sealing ring, corundum weight , Flue gas inlet pipe, particle scouring type dust cleaning device includes particle inlet, particle guide groove; ash hopper is connected with tapered dust collection pole pipe through flange, tapered dust collection pole pipe is washed with particles through sealing ring, clip The particle flushing type ash removal device is connected to the water cooling device through a sealing ring, a corundum plate with holes, and a clip. The sealing ring, a corundum plate with holes and a quartz insulator are arranged on the upper side of the water cooling device, and the corona pole wire passes through The quartz insulator and the corundum plate with holes are connected with the corundum weight, the storage bin is connected with the particle inlet through the feed valve, the particle inlet is connected with the particle guide groove inlet, the ash hopper is connected with the separation device inlet through the ash discharge valve, and the tapered collection A flue gas outlet pipe and a flue gas inlet pipe are arranged on the dust electrode pipe, and dust cleaning particles are installed in the storage bin.

The particle guide groove is a partition groove, the depth of the groove is 5-20mm, the inlet width of each groove is 1-2cm, and the outlet width is 2-5cm. The particle size range of the dust-cleaning particles is 0.5-1mm non-conductive high-temperature-resistant particles. The minimum pipe diameter of the tapered dust collection pole pipe is 150-300mm, and the pipe length is 1.2-5m. The downward tapering angle of the tapered dust collection pole tube is 0.5°-3°.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

1. The dust cleaning operation of the utility model is easy to operate, has good stability, does not need to be stopped, and is especially suitable for dust removal of electrostatic dust removal devices at high temperatures.

2. The utility model can quickly remove the dust and greatly shorten the cleaning time.

3. In the utility model, the dust collection pole pipe is tapered from top to bottom, which improves the scouring efficiency of dust-cleaning particles, and the dust-cleaning efficiency is high.

4. The dust removal particles can be recycled.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a wire-pipe type high-temperature electrostatic precipitator that adopts particle scouring type dust removal;

Fig. 2 is the front view of the particle scouring type ash removal device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a side view sectional view of the particle scouring type ash removal device of the present invention;

In the figure: ash hopper 1, tapered dust collector tube 2, tapered tube electrostatic precipitator 3, flue gas outlet pipe 4, clip 5, particle inlet 6, corundum plate with holes 7, quartz insulator 8, corona Pole line 9, sealing ring 10, water cooling device 11, particle scouring type ash cleaning device 12, particle guide groove 13, corundum weight 14, flue gas inlet pipe 15, ash discharge valve 16, separation device 17, storage bin 18, Cleaning particles 19, feed valve 20.

detailed description

As shown in Figure 1-3, the line-pipe high-temperature electrostatic precipitator using particle scouring type dust removal device includes ash hopper 1, tapered tube type electrostatic precipitator 3, water cooling device 11, particle scouring type dust removal device 12, discharger Ash valve 16, separation device 17, storage bin 18, feed valve 20; tapered tube electrostatic precipitator 3 includes tapered dust collection pole tube 2, flue gas outlet tube 4, clip 5, corundum plate with holes 7 , quartz insulator 8, corona pole wire 9, sealing ring 10, corundum weight 14, flue gas inlet pipe 15, particle flushing type ash cleaning device 12 includes particle inlet 6, particle guide groove 13; ash hopper 1 passes flange and The tapered dust collection pole tube 2 is connected, and the tapered dust collection pole tube 2 is connected with the particle scouring type dust cleaning device 12 through the sealing ring 10 and the clip 5. The plate 7 and the clip 5 are connected to the water cooling device 11. The sealing ring 10, the corundum plate 7 with holes and the quartz insulator 8 are arranged on the upper side of the water cooling device 11. The corona pole line 9 passes through the quartz insulator 8, the corundum plate 7 with holes and the corundum The heavy hammer 14 is connected, the storage bin 18 is connected with the particle inlet 6 through the feeding valve 20, the particle inlet 6 is connected with the particle guide groove 13 inlet, the ash hopper 1 is connected with the separation device 17 inlet through the ash discharge valve 16, and the tapered The dust pole pipe 2 is provided with a flue gas outlet pipe 4 and a flue gas inlet pipe 15 , and the storage bin 18 is equipped with dust removal particles 19 .

The particle guide groove 13 is a separator groove, the depth of the groove is 5-20mm, the entrance width of each groove is 1-2cm, and the exit width is 2-5cm. The particle size range of the dust-cleaning particles 19 is 0.5-1mm non-conductive high-temperature-resistant particles, and the non-conductive high-temperature-resistant particles can be materials such as sand and gravel. The minimum diameter of the tapered dust collection pole tube 2 is It is 150-300mm, and the pipe length is 1.2-5m. The downward tapering angle of the tapered dust collecting pole tube 2 is 0.5°-3°.

The cleaning method of the particle flushing type is: open the feed valve 20, the storage bin 18 falls into the cleaning particles 19 from the particle inlet 6 of the cleaning device, and after the particles enter the cleaning device 12, they pass through the particle guide groove 13 under the action of gravity. , evenly fall into the dust collection space of the reducer tube type electrostatic precipitator 3 in the circumferential direction above the dust collection pole tube 2. The dust-cleaning particles 19 falling into the dust-collecting space accelerate and roll down along the inclined wall surface of the tapered dust-collecting pole tube 2, scour the dust layer on the wall surface to make it break and fall off. The ash and dust removal particles 19 falling into the ash hopper 1 pass through the dust discharge valve 20 and enter a separation device 17 for separation. The dust removal particles 19 after sieving can be recovered and recycled.

Working process of the present utility model:

First, fill the storage box with full dust removal particles. When the dust layer accumulated on the dust collector reaches a certain thickness, open the feed valve connected to the particle inlet of the dust removal device, and input the dust removal particles into the dust removal device. Under the action, the dust-cleaning particles pass through the particle guide groove, and fall uniformly from the top of the dust collection tube into the reducer tube electrostatic precipitator, and fall onto the inclined wall of the dust collection tube, forming a uniform flow of particles. Washes and breaks up the ash deposits on the walls of the dust collector tubes. The broken ash will fall off with the particles, slide down the pipe, and fall into the ash hopper. After a certain amount of dust and dust-cleaning particles are accumulated in the ash hopper, the ash discharge valve can be opened to drop the mixed particles into the separation device for screening, and the dust-cleaning particles after screening and purification can be recycled for recycling.

Embodiment 1: the convergent tube type electrostatic precipitator is a single tube, the length of the dust collection pole tube is 1.7m, the bottom pipe diameter of the dust collection pole pipe is 20cm, and the taper angle is 0.674 ° (the upper pipe diameter is 24cm), and the dust-containing gas The pressure is normal pressure, the volume flow rate is 8Nm ³ /h, the inlet ash concentration is 200-3600mg/Nm ³ , the temperature is 350, 500, 620, and 700°C, the voltage of the two pole ports is set to 15900V, and the dust removal efficiency can reach 0.984. The port voltage is set to 18100V, and the dust removal efficiency can reach 0.996.

Embodiment 2: adopt the arrangement mode of 5 round pipes side by side, each dust collection pole tube is long 1.7m, the pipe diameter of the bottom of dust collection pole pipe is 20cm, taper angle is 0.674 ° (upper pipe diameter is 24cm), dust-containing The gas volume flow rate is 40Nm ³ /h, the inlet ash concentration is 2000mg/Nm ³ , the outlet mass concentration is required to be lower than 50mg/Nm ³ , and the dust collection space temperature is 700°C, the most energy-saving voltage to meet the outlet mass concentration requirement is 15900V. The electric power is 79.3W.

Embodiment 3: adopt the arrangement mode of 3 * 3 circular tubes in parallel first and then in series, the length of each dust collection pole tube is 1.5m, the diameter of the lower part of the dust collection pole tube is 20cm, and the taper angle is 0.764 ° (the upper pipe diameter is 24cm), the volume flow rate of dusty gas is 24Nm ³ /h, the inlet ash concentration is 3600mg/Nm ³ , the temperature is 350, 500, 620, 700°C, the voltage of the two pole ports is set to 15900V, and the dust removal efficiency can reach 0.998.

Claims (5)

1. adopt a spool formula high temperature electrostatic dust arrester for particle scouring type deashing device, it is characterized in that comprising ash bucket (1), convergent tube-type esp (3), water cooling plant (11), particle scouring type deashing device (12), unloading valve (16), separator (17), storage bin (18), feed valve (20), convergent tube-type esp (3) comprises tapering type dust collector pole pipe (2), smoke outlet tube (4), clip (5), corundum plate with holes (7), quartz insulator (8), corona polar line (9), sealing ring (10), corundum weight (14), smoke inlet pipe (15), and particle scouring type deashing device (12) comprises article inlet (6), particle guiding groove (13), ash bucket (1) is connected with tapering type dust collector pole pipe (2) by flange, tapering type dust collector pole pipe (2) is by sealing ring (10), clip (5) is connected with particle scouring type deashing device (12), particle scouring type deashing device (12) is by sealing ring (10), corundum plate (7) with holes, clip (5) is connected with water cooling plant (11), water cooling plant (11) upside arranges sealing ring (10), corundum plate (7) with holes and quartz insulator (8), corona polar line (9) is through quartz insulator (8), corundum plate (7) with holes is connected with corundum weight (14), storage bin (18) is connected with article inlet (6) through feed valve (20), article inlet (6) is connected with particle guiding groove (13) entrance, ash bucket (1) is connected with separator (17) entrance through unloading valve (16), tapering type dust collector pole pipe (2) is provided with smoke outlet tube (4) and smoke inlet pipe (15), storage bin (18) is built with deashing particle (19).

2. a kind of spool formula high temperature electrostatic dust arrester adopting particle scouring type deashing device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described particle guiding groove (13) is septalium, the degree of depth of groove is 5-20mm, the throat width of each groove be 1 ?2cm, exit width 2 ?5cm.

3. a kind of spool formula high temperature electrostatic dust arrester adopting particle scouring type deashing device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described deashing particle (19) for particle size range 0.5 ?the non-conductive high-temperature resistant particle of 1mm.

4. a kind of spool formula high temperature electrostatic dust arrester adopting particle scouring type deashing device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described tapering type dust collector pole pipe (2) minimum place caliber be 150 ?300mm, pipe range be 1.2 ?5m.

5. a kind of spool formula high temperature electrostatic dust arrester adopting particle scouring type deashing device according to claim 1, is characterized in that the angle of the downward convergent of described tapering type dust collector pole pipe (2) is 0.5 °-3 °.