CN204981708U - Separator that industrialization of glossy ganoderma spore polysaccharide was drawed - Google Patents

Abstract

A separation device for industrialized extraction of Ganoderma lucidum spore polysaccharide, which is composed of extraction tank, decanter centrifuge, decanter liquid storage tank, decanter slag storage tank, butterfly centrifuge, butterfly powder slag storage tank , concentration device, the extraction tank is connected to the decanter centrifuge through a pipeline, the liquid phase separated by the decanter centrifuge enters the decanter liquid storage tank, the sediment enters the decanter slag storage tank, and the decanter liquid storage The tank is connected with the butterfly centrifuge. The powder slag separated by the butterfly centrifuge enters the butterfly powder slag storage tank, and the liquid phase enters the concentration device. catch. The device of the utility model is simple, compact and highly mechanized, and can effectively remove the spore powder residue from the ganoderma spore water extract, realize solid-liquid separation, and obtain high-purity and high-yield ganoderma spore polysaccharides. The labor intensity is suitable for the industrialized large-scale production of the ganoderma lucidum spore polysaccharide.

Description

Separation device for industrial extraction of ganoderma lucidum spore polysaccharide

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of edible fungus deep processing, in particular to an industrial extraction and separation method of ganoderma lucidum spore polysaccharide.

Background technique

Ganoderma lucidum (Ganodermalucidum) is a fungus of the genus Ganoderma lucidum in the Polyporaceae family. It is rich in nutrients and has a long history of consumption in China. Ganoderma lucidum spores are extremely tiny oval germ cells ejected from the gills of Ganoderma lucidum in the mature stage of growth. They are oval in shape, with an average short diameter of 8 μm and an average long diameter of 11 μm. Modern scientific research shows that Ganoderma lucidum spores have stronger physiological activities than Ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies, and the main role is Ganoderma lucidum spore polysaccharide, which has various biological activities, such as inhibiting tumors, improving the body's immunity, and improving the body's ability to withstand hypoxia , eliminate free radicals, etc.

However, in the in-depth study of the biological activity of Ganoderma lucidum spores, it was found that when extracting the polysaccharides of Ganoderma lucidum spores with water, it is a thorny problem to filter and remove the spore powder residue in the water extract. Because the particle size of Ganoderma lucidum spores is small, with an average of only about 10 μm, it can also pass through a 600-mesh high-density filter screen. Although a higher-density and finer filter screen passes through less, the filtration speed is very slow, and it is only suitable for A small amount of laboratory use is difficult to achieve industrialization.

The usual processing method for industrialization at present is that the extraction solution adopts static stratification, siphon supernatant, and 400-500 mesh filter cloth "sieving method" can only remove 60-70% of the ganoderma lucidum spore powder residue. Because the density of the spore powder and residue in the extract is close to that of the supernatant, the sedimentation is very slow, and it usually needs to be left standing overnight. However, the supernatant and the spore powder can not be effectively separated, and the supernatant accounts for only 60% of the total volume. %, and the long settling time will also cause the ganoderma lucidum spores to absorb water and ferment to produce rancidity and lose their utilization value. Because the conventional method takes too long and the operation process is cumbersome, it is usually only extracted once, and the extraction rate is about 62%. The extraction rate is low and the utilization rate of resources is also low. It takes a long time, the operation is cumbersome, and it is difficult to realize industrial production, which has become a bottleneck for the industrial development and utilization of Ganoderma lucidum spore polysaccharide.

In the existing public technology, the patent CN101703531B "a method for freeze-drying and purifying Ganoderma lucidum spore powder" uses 80-500 mesh silk cloth, cotton cloth, gauze or stainless steel sieve to filter, and the filtrate is then filtered with a pore size of 1-30 μm Air filter with filter membrane for pressure filtration. This method needs to constantly replace and clean the filter cloth, cannot be operated automatically, is labor-intensive, and has a lot of filter membrane consumables, so it is only suitable for small laboratory tests. Patent CN102766593A "a purification method of Ganoderma lucidum spores" is to pass the mixed liquid of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder through a spiral separator, filter it with a filter screen larger than 300 mesh, put the filtrate into a filter bag, and put it into the filter bag by an air compressor. If the water is pressed out, since the powder filter bag is easy to be blocked, it needs to be continuously cleaned or replaced. This method is not only complicated in process steps, but also cannot be operated automatically, and it is difficult to realize industrial production.

If a traditional plate and frame filter press is used for separation, because the spore powder residue in the water extract has high viscosity and soft texture, as the filtration progresses, it will gradually gather on the filter cloth, causing the filter cloth to be clogged and the filtration speed to slow down. Time-consuming growth (about 10-12hr), and changing filter cloth is loaded down with trivial details, so this method is also not feasible. Some people use a tubular centrifuge for separation. Due to the high content of solids in the water extraction suspension of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder, the volume of the drum of the tubular centrifuge is small, and after the material enters the drum, a large amount of sediment is deposited on the drum in a short time , it is necessary to stop frequently to disassemble the drum for slag removal, which increases the complexity of the operation and affects the production efficiency. In addition, the sediment is sticky and difficult to clean. Therefore, the processing capacity and degree of automation of the tube centrifuge are relatively poor.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a Ganoderma lucidum spore polysaccharide industrialization that can be industrialized and has high extraction efficiency in view of the current disadvantages that the Ganoderma lucidum spore polysaccharide is extremely small, and it is difficult to filter and separate the solid and liquid when extracting the Ganoderma lucidum spore polysaccharide with water, resulting in low industrial production efficiency. Extraction of the separation device.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is a device for industrialized extraction and separation of Ganoderma lucidum spore polysaccharide, which is composed of an extraction tank, a horizontal screw centrifuge, a horizontal screw type liquid storage tank, a horizontal screw type slag storage tank, a butterfly type It consists of a centrifuge, a butterfly powder slag storage tank and a concentration device. The extraction tank is connected to the decanter centrifuge through a pipeline. The liquid phase separated by the decanter centrifuge enters the decanter liquid storage tank, and the sediment enters the decanter centrifuge. The slag storage tank, the horizontal screw liquid storage tank is connected with the butterfly centrifuge, the powder slag separated by the butterfly centrifuge enters the butterfly powder slag storage tank, and the liquid phase enters the concentration device, the horizontal screw slag storage tank, the butterfly centrifuge The powder slag storage tanks are respectively connected with the extraction tanks.

The horizontal screw type slag storage tank and the butterfly powder slag storage tank are respectively connected with the extraction tank. It means that the contents of the horizontal screw type slag storage tank and the dish type powder slag storage tank can be transported into the extraction tank through mechanical connection through the transfer pipe.

After the Ganoderma lucidum spores are put into the extraction tank for extraction, the extract directly enters the decanter centrifuge for separation, and the obtained liquid phase enters the decanter liquid storage tank (because the speeds of the two centrifuges are different, a decanter centrifuge is required. Type liquid storage tank for liquid storage and buffering, if the two speeds can reach the same level, they can be directly connected), the sediment enters the horizontal screw type storage tank, the horizontal screw type liquid storage tank is connected with the butterfly centrifuge, and the butterfly centrifuge separates The discharged powder and slag enters the butterfly powder and slag storage tank, and the liquid phase enters the concentration device. After all the separation is completed, the slag in the horizontal screw-type slag storage tank and butterfly powder and slag storage tank is put into the extraction tank for secondary extraction. .

The utility model uses two different separation devices to separate the water extract of spore powder from solid to liquid. The drum and the screw of the decanter centrifuge rotate at a high speed in the same direction at a certain differential speed, and the water extract suspension of Ganoderma lucidum spores in the machine is extracted. , under the action of the high-speed rotating centrifugal force field, the heavy spore powder solid-phase deposits on the inner wall of the drum to form precipitated powder slag, which is continuously pushed to the cone end of the drum by the rotating screw and discharged through the slag discharge port. The lighter microsuspension liquid phase (containing 10-20% powder slag) forms an inner liquid ring, which continuously overflows the drum from the overflow port at the large end of the drum, and is discharged through the liquid discharge port, so as to realize solid phase and micro-suspension. The suspension phase separated.

The butterfly separator is suitable for separating suspensions with low solid content. It rotates the disc drum around the main axis at high speed through electric drive. When the microsuspension separated by the decanter centrifuge flows from the upper central feeding pipe to the At the bottom of the drum, it goes to the wall of the drum through the diversion hole on the lower surface of the disc. Under the action of the centrifugal force field, the spore powder with a large specific gravity flows to the inner wall of the drum to form sediment, which is discharged through the slag outlet, and the liquid phase is separated along the The outer cone of the conical disc flows towards the axis, and the upper part is discharged through the liquid phase outlet to realize the separation of solid phase and liquid phase.

In the utility model, after being separated by a horizontal screw centrifuge, 80-90% of the solid-phase powder residue in the ganoderma lucidum spore water extract is separated and discharged. The separated microsuspension phase is separated by a butterfly centrifuge, and the obtained upper liquid phase has low turbidity (about 100ntu) and is almost clear. Because the time of above-mentioned separation is shorter, generally 240kg defatted spore powder, its water extract liquid is about 2.4T, and the time of solid-liquid separation is 1.5 hours, and the time is short, so can continue to carry out secondary extraction to make extraction rate by existing 62% increased to 90%. The above two machines are used in series and recycled to separate the water-extracted suspension of Ganoderma lucidum spores to achieve solid-liquid separation. Since the online continuous automatic operation of automatic feeding and automatic discharging can be realized, it is suitable for the needs of industrialized large-scale production of polysaccharides prepared from Ganoderma lucidum spores.

Make further settings on the above devices:

The rotating speed of the decanter centrifuge is 3800r/min---5000r/min, and the separation factor is 2870-3530; the drum rotating speed of the butterfly centrifuge is 7000r/min--7600r/min, and the separation factor is 10000-11200.

After numerous repeated experiments by the applicant, the effect of solid-liquid separation is the best when the equipment reaches the above conditions.

The beneficial effect of the utility model is that the solid-liquid separation of the water extract of ganoderma lucidum spores is automated, the material can be fed continuously and the material can be discharged continuously, and the industrial operation can be carried out continuously for 24 hours. The operation is simple and the separation speed is fast, the time for soaking the spores in the water extract is shortened, the fermentation and rancidity can be effectively avoided, and the original aromatic flavor of the ganoderma lucidum spore powder can be well maintained. The utility model transports the powder slag separated from the conventional primary extraction to the extraction tank for secondary automatic extraction, which reduces the loss caused by traditional manual operations and multiple steps of separation, and the secondary extraction improves the yield of polysaccharides. The total yield of the secondary extraction is 90%, which is 45% higher than the traditional primary extraction, which not only increases the added value, but also improves the utilization rate of natural resources. The device of the utility model is simple, compact and has a high degree of mechanization.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the water extraction device figure of the utility model Ganoderma lucidum spore polysaccharide

Among them, 1 extraction tank, 2 horizontal screw centrifuges, 3 horizontal screw liquid storage tanks, 4 horizontal screw slag storage tanks, 5 butterfly centrifuges, 6 butterfly powder slag storage tanks, 7 discharge ports, and 8 concentration devices.

detailed description

The following examples can make those skilled in the art better understand the utility model, but do not limit the utility model in any form.

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of device of the industrialized extraction and separation of Ganoderma lucidum spore polysaccharide, it is made of extraction tank 1, decanter centrifuge 2, decanter liquid storage tank 3, decanter slag storage tank 4, butterfly The extraction tank 1 is connected to the decanter centrifuge 2 through pipelines, and the liquid phase separated by the decanter centrifuge 2 enters the decanter liquid storage Tank 3, the sediment enters the horizontal screw type slag storage tank 4, the horizontal screw type liquid storage tank 3 is connected with the butterfly centrifuge 5, and the powder slag separated by the butterfly centrifuge 5 enters the butterfly type powder slag storage tank 6, and the liquid phase Entering the concentration device 8, the horizontal screw type slag storage tank 4 and the butterfly powder slag storage tank 6 are respectively connected with the extraction tank 1. The horizontal screw-type slag storage tank 4 and the butterfly powder-slag storage tank 6 are respectively connected to the extraction tank 1. This is for the feeding of the secondary extraction, mainly through the delivery pipe, etc., or by mechanically connecting the horizontal screw type The contents of the type slag storage tank 4 and the dish type powder slag storage tank 6 are transported into the extraction tank 1, and the outlets of the horizontal screw type slag storage tank 4 and the butterfly powder slag storage tank 6 are connected with three links, one of which is connected with the tank body, The other port is connected with the extraction tank 1, and another is the discharge port 7, and the sediment is discharged from the discharge port 7 after the second extraction.

The rotation speed of the decanter centrifuge is 2500-5000r/min, and the separation factor is 2300-3530; the drum speed of the butterfly centrifuge is 6000-7600r/min, and the separation factor is 9900-12800.

Example 1: Industrial extraction and separation of Ganoderma lucidum spore polysaccharides using the above-mentioned device: Weigh 240kg of defatted spore powder and place it in a 3.0T extraction tank 1, add 8 times the amount of water of the spore powder to a total of 1.92T, heat to 100 degrees, extract with boiling water, and keep the temperature constant After stirring and extracting for 2 hours, the above-mentioned spore powder water extraction suspension was separated by decanter centrifuge 2 (drum speed 3800r/min, separation factor 2860) to obtain decanter solid phase powder slag and microsuspension liquid phase, respectively It is stored in the horizontal screw type slag storage tank 4 and the horizontal screw type liquid storage tank 3. Since the speeds of the two centrifuges are different, a horizontal screw type liquid storage tank is required for liquid storage. If the speed of the two can reach the same, Can be directly connected, the microsuspension liquid phase in the horizontal screw type liquid storage tank 3 enters the butterfly centrifuge 5 (drum speed 7600r/min, separation factor 10000), separates the liquid phase and sediment, and the liquid phase enters the concentration device 8. The sediment enters the butterfly powder and residue storage tank 6. After the first extraction and separation is completed, the sediment in the horizontal screw type slag storage tank 4 and the butterfly powder residue storage tank 6 is transported into the extraction tank 1 to repeat the steps of the first extraction and separation for the second extraction. The outlets of the type slag storage tank 4 and the butterfly powder slag storage tank 6 are connected with a tee, one end is connected with the tank body, the other end is connected with the extraction tank 1, and the other is a discharge port 7. After the second extraction, the sediment is discharged from the discharge port. Discharge, the sediment in the horizontal screw type slag storage tank 4 and the butterfly powder slag storage tank 6 is discarded, and finally the butterfly liquid phase that enters the concentration device 8 twice is refined and concentrated to obtain the polysaccharide extract of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder (polysaccharide yield is 9.8%, and the content is 15.4%). The liquid phase was sampled for experimental analysis, and the turbidity of the liquid phase was 114nut, which was relatively clear.

Embodiment two: take by weighing 240kg degreasing spore powder and place in 3.0T extraction tank 1, add the water of 10 times of spore powder amount altogether 2.4T and make boiling water extraction, after stirring and extracting at constant temperature for 2 hours, extract the above-mentioned spore powder water suspension The liquid phase and the solid phase are separated by a decanter centrifuge (drum speed 3800r/min, separation factor 2860) and a butterfly centrifuge (drum speed 7600r/min, separation factor 10000) in series. Finally, the polysaccharide extract of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder was obtained by concentration (the polysaccharide yield was 10.2%, and the content was 15.9%). The liquid phase was sampled for experimental analysis, and the turbidity of the liquid phase was 107nut, which was relatively clear. Other unmentioned parts are the same as the above example.

Embodiment 3: Weigh 200kg of defatted spore powder and place it in the extraction device, add 12 times the amount of water of spore powder to a total of 2.4T for boiling water extraction, stir and extract at a constant temperature for 2 hours, pass the above-mentioned spore powder water extraction suspension successively through Decanter centrifuge (drum speed 5000r/min, separation factor 3525) and butterfly centrifuge (drum speed 7060r/min, separation factor 11200) are connected in series to separate liquid and solid phases. Concentrate to obtain Ganoderma lucidum spore powder polysaccharide extract (polysaccharide yield 10.5%, content 16%). The liquid phase was sampled for experimental analysis, and the turbidity of the liquid phase was 100nut, which was relatively clear. All the other undescribed parts are the same as in Example 1.

Claims (2)

1. the device of a ganoderma spore polysaccharide industrialization extraction and isolation, it is characterized in that it is by extractor (1), Horizontal helical type centrifuge (2), horizontal helical type container for storing liquid (3), horizontal helical type slag ladle (4), butterfly centrifugal machine (5), butterfly granulated slag storage tank (6), concentrating unit (8) forms, extractor (1) is connected by pipeline with Horizontal helical type centrifuge (2), Horizontal helical type centrifuge (2) isolated liquid phase enters horizontal helical type container for storing liquid (3), sediment enters horizontal helical type slag ladle (4), horizontal helical type container for storing liquid (3) connects with butterfly centrifugal machine (5), butterfly centrifugal machine (5) isolated granulated slag enters butterfly granulated slag storage tank (6), liquid phase enters concentrating unit (8), horizontal helical type slag ladle (4), butterfly granulated slag storage tank (6) connects with extractor (1) respectively.

2. the device of a kind of ganoderma spore polysaccharide industrialization extraction and isolation according to claim 1, is characterized in that the rotating speed 2500-5000r/min of Horizontal helical type centrifuge, separating factor 2300-3530; The rotary drum rotating speed 6000-7600r/min of butterfly centrifugal machine, separating factor 9900-12800.