CN204967298U - Novel charging station circuit - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a new charging station circuit, which sequentially includes a storage battery controller, a storage battery, a main switch, an auxiliary charging circuit, a rechargeable auxiliary power supply circuit, a synchronous switch and a charging pile, wherein the storage battery is powered by the mains power selected by the storage battery controller Mode, wind power supply mode or solar power supply mode for energy storage, the synchronous switch includes a normally open relay RLY, one end of the coil winding of the normally open relay RLY is connected to the output end of the main switch, and the other end is grounded; the normally open relay RLY The open contact is connected between the output terminal of the auxiliary charging circuit and the input terminal of the charging pile. The utility model can improve the overall performance of the charging station by improving the charging station and its subsystems or parts.

Description

A new charging station circuit

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of emergency charging, in particular to a charging station and its subsystems or components.

Background technique

The use of electronic devices such as smartphones is becoming more and more common, and the outstanding problem is that the battery is consumed too quickly, which brings great inconvenience to the user when the battery is exhausted. At present, some places have set up emergency charging piles in public places. One of the disadvantages is that the charging piles are charged by the mains to store energy. When the power environment is not good, it is easy to cause insufficient battery power, which leads to the failure of the charging piles. In addition, if too many electronic devices are charged at the same time, the battery will absorb a large amount of current, often causing the battery voltage to drop too quickly, which will shorten the life of the battery in the long run. In view of this, it is necessary to improve the charging station and its subsystems or components in order to improve the overall performance of the charging station.

Utility model content

In view of this, the purpose of the utility model is to improve the charging station and its subsystems or components, so as to improve the overall performance of the charging station.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a new charging station circuit, which sequentially includes a battery controller, a battery, a main switch, an auxiliary charging circuit, a rechargeable auxiliary power supply circuit, a synchronous switch and a charging pile, wherein the battery is powered by the battery The controller selects the mains power supply mode, the wind power supply mode or the solar power supply mode for energy storage. It is characterized in that the synchronous switch includes a normally open relay RLY, and one end of the coil winding of the normally open relay RLY is connected to the output end of the main switch, and the other is One end is grounded; the normally open contact of the normally open relay RLY is connected between the output terminal of the auxiliary charging circuit and the input terminal of the charging pile; a touch screen is set on the charging pile for user operation, and the charging pile is connected to the control center to monitor the operating status of the equipment and the user's use status; the mains power supply device of the charging station includes a mains access terminal and an AC-DC converter. The AC-DC converter is connected to the battery controller. It is direct current, charged to the battery under the control of the battery controller; the wind power supply device of the charging station includes a wind turbine, a generator, a rectifier, an inverter, a battery controller and a battery, a wind turbine, a generator, a rectifier and an inverter Connected in turn to form a main power supply circuit to supply power to AC loads; the rectifier, battery controller, battery, and inverter are connected in turn to form an energy storage branch. The battery controller controls the rectifier to charge the battery and controls the battery to discharge to the inverter; charging The solar power supply device of the station includes solar cells, battery controllers, batteries, and inverters. The charging circuit of the battery controller is connected between the solar battery and the battery, and the discharge circuit of the battery controller is connected between the battery and the inverter. The control circuit of the battery controller is respectively connected to the charging circuit of the battery controller, the discharge circuit of the battery controller and the battery, and the inverter is connected to the AC load; the inverter includes a power tube drive chip and six power tubes, and the power tube The driver chip is connected to the microprocessor circuit to drive the corresponding power tubes to turn on and off alternately according to the pulse width modulation signal output by the microprocessor circuit. The six power tubes are divided into three groups, and each group of power tubes controls one phase output.

Compared with the prior art, the charging station of the utility model can adopt three modes of commercial power, wind energy and solar energy to store energy, which not only helps to save energy, but also helps to overcome the adverse effects caused by poor power supply environment. In addition, because the auxiliary charging circuit, rechargeable auxiliary power supply circuit and synchronous switch are connected in series between the main switch of the charging station and the charging pile, the charging station will not absorb a large current to the battery during charging, making the charging station charging more stable , It also helps to extend the battery life.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the utility model charging station;

Fig. 2 is a functional block diagram of the charging station of the present invention shown in Fig. 1 after adding an auxiliary charging circuit, an auxiliary power supply circuit and a synchronous switch;

Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of the first embodiment of the utility model charging station;

Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of the second embodiment of the utility model after equivalently replacing the auxiliary charging circuit on the basis of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of the third embodiment of the utility model after equivalently replacing the synchronous switch circuit with a relay on the basis of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of the fourth embodiment of the utility model after adding an undervoltage bypass circuit on the basis of Fig. 3;

Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of the fifth embodiment of the utility model after adding anti-current backflow diodes to the undervoltage bypass circuit on the basis of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is the circuit diagram of the sixth embodiment of the utility model after the undervoltage bypass circuit is adjusted and improved on the basis of Fig. 6;

Fig. 9 is the circuit diagram of the seventh embodiment of the utility model after equivalently replacing the undervoltage bypass circuit on the basis of Fig. 6;

Fig. 10 is the circuit diagram of the eighth embodiment of the utility model after adding the sound and light alarm circuit on the basis of Fig. 8;

Fig. 11 is the circuit diagram of the ninth embodiment of the utility model after equivalent replacement of the switching power supply charging management module for the auxiliary charging circuit on the basis of Fig. 7;

Fig. 12 is a block diagram of the mains power supply device of the charging station of the present invention;

Fig. 13 is a block diagram of the storage battery controller of the charging station of the present invention;

Fig. 14 is a circuit diagram of the AC-DC converter of the charging station of the present invention;

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the wind power supply device of the charging station of the present invention;

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the wind power supply device of the charging station of the present invention;

Fig. 17 is the circuit diagram of the inverter of the utility model charging station;

Fig. 18 is a block diagram of the solar power supply device of the utility model charging station;

Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of a solar cell of the charging station of the present invention.

detailed description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the utility model, the utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Referring to Fig. 1, it is a block diagram of the utility model charging station. The charging station includes a battery controller 9, a battery 1, a main switch 2, and a charging pile 6 connected in sequence, wherein: the battery controller 9 is connected to three types of electric power: mains power, wind power, and solar power, and the mains power supply mode and wind power supply mode can be selected. One of the solar power supply mode and the solar power supply mode stores energy for the battery 1, and the battery 1 is connected to the charging pile 6 after the main switch 2, and several charging ports are set on the pile body of the charging pile 6 for charging the user terminal equipment. In addition, the charging pile 6 is provided with a touch screen for user operation, and the charging pile 6 is connected to the control center to monitor the operation status of the equipment and the usage status of the user.

Referring to Fig. 2, it is a functional block diagram of the charging station of the present invention. Between the main switch 2 and the charging pile 6, an auxiliary charging circuit 3, a rechargeable auxiliary power supply circuit 4 and a synchronous switch 5 are serially connected in series, wherein: the auxiliary charging circuit 3 is used to realize the connection between the battery 1 and the rechargeable auxiliary power supply circuit 4 Charging; the positive pole of the rechargeable auxiliary power supply circuit 4 is connected to the output end of the auxiliary charging circuit 3, and is used to realize that when the terminal voltage of the storage battery 1 drops at the moment of charging at the charging station, the rechargeable auxiliary power supply circuit 4 is added to the charging pile 6, so as to Ensure that the working voltage of the charging pile 6 is normal; the synchronous switch 5 is used to realize the power supply and power-off of the charging pile 6 by the rechargeable auxiliary power supply circuit 4 when the main switch 2 is turned on and off. As a result, the charging station does not absorb large currents from the storage battery during charging, so that various electrical appliances involved in charging are under normal operating voltages.

In Fig. 2, the rechargeable auxiliary power supply circuit 4 includes a battery-type power supply circuit 4A and a battery-powered filter circuit 4B, wherein: the battery-type power supply circuit 4A can be a small-capacity lead-acid battery or a lithium polymer battery pack, and is used to realize the battery 1 When the terminal voltage of the charging pile 6 at the charging station drops at the moment of charging, the battery power supply circuit 4A is added to the charging pile 6; the battery power supply filter circuit 4B is used to realize the circuit filtering of the battery power supply circuit 4A to ensure that the input voltage of the charging pile 5 is smooth .

To achieve the same purpose, the rechargeable auxiliary power supply circuit 4 can also be replaced by a charging circuit containing supercapacitors. Supercapacitors are also called electrical double layer capacitors (Electrical Doule-Layer Capacitor), gold capacitors, and farad capacitors. They store energy through polarized electrolytes, and their capacity is much larger than that of ordinary capacitors. Because the supercapacitor has a large capacity and has the same external performance as a battery, it is also called a "capacitor battery". Supercapacitors can provide instantaneous power output, and are often used as a supplement to the backup power supply of charging stations or other uninterrupted systems. The utility model can be selected according to specific conditions during implementation.

Each part of the circuit of the utility model has multiple implementation forms, which will be further described in conjunction with the specific implementation circuit below.

For convenience, the function module numbers and component codes in the following embodiments are coded according to certain rules: the first number indicates the reference number, and the second number indicates the embodiment number, such as: auxiliary charging circuit 3-3 Among them, the first 3 indicates the auxiliary charging circuit, and the second 3 indicates the auxiliary charging circuit in the third embodiment; resistors R1-3, 1 indicates the position of the resistor, and 3 indicates the resistor in the third embodiment. It should be noted that in some occasions below, the second number that only represents the number of the embodiment may be omitted, and only the first number that is used as a reference sign is reserved.

Referring to Fig. 3, shown embodiment one is the more practical circuit diagram of the utility model, and diode D1-1 and resistor R1-1 are connected in series to form auxiliary charging circuit 3-1, and this circuit is often used in mobile phone charger; Rechargeable battery BT1 -1 constitutes a battery-powered power supply circuit and a battery-powered filter circuit 4-1, connected to the output of the auxiliary charging circuit 3-1; composed of resistor R7-1, NPN transistor Q7-1, resistor R8-1, and PNP transistor Q8-1 The synchronous switch 5-1, the emitter of the triode Q8-1 is connected to the output terminal of the auxiliary charging circuit 3-1, the collector is connected to the input terminal of the charging pile 6-1, the base is connected to the resistor R8-1, the emitter of the triode Q7-1 is grounded 1. The collector is connected to the base of the triode Q8-1 through the resistor R8-1, and the base is connected to the input terminal of the auxiliary charging circuit 3-1 through the resistor R7-1.

When the main switch 2-1 is on, the charging station works normally, and the battery terminal voltage varies between 13.2V and 14.7V; at this time, the battery supplies power to the rechargeable battery BT1- through diode D1-1 and resistor R1-1 1 charging to ensure that the rechargeable battery BT1-1 has enough capacity to supply power to the charging pile when charging at the charging station next time.

When the main switch 2-1 is in the on state, the synchronous switch 5-1 works, and the triode Q8-1 is saturated and turned on. The specific process is: after the main switch 2-1 is closed, the triode Q7-1 is turned on through the resistor R7-1, and a current flows through the resistor R8-1, so that the triode Q8-1 is saturated and turned on. In this way, the rechargeable battery BT1 The voltage of -1 is directly added to the charging pile; Q8-1 uses a PNP transistor, and the emitter is connected to the positive pole of the rechargeable battery BT1-1, so that the circuit of the synchronous switch 5-1 can obtain an extremely low voltage drop, so that the The voltage of the rechargeable battery BT1-1 is transmitted to the charging pile 6-1 almost without loss; when the main switch 2-1 is in the off state, the base of the transistor Q7-1 cannot obtain current, Q7-1 is cut off, and Q8-1 simultaneously In this way, the output of the rechargeable battery BT1-1 is turned off, and the BT1-1 is no longer discharged externally, and the synchronous switching function is realized.

The moment the charging switch is pressed, the charging pile of the charging station begins to absorb hundreds of amps of working current, and the voltage of the original battery 1-1 drops; at this time, due to the existence of the diode D1-1, the rechargeable battery BT1-1 is Due to the unidirectional conductive characteristics, it cannot discharge the original battery 1-1, and can only supply power to the charging pile 6-1; because the rechargeable battery BT1-1 has a strong discharge capacity and stable terminal voltage, such as being stable at 12.8V, even though The voltage of the original storage battery 1-1 drops, but due to the existence of the rechargeable battery BT1-1, the working voltage of the charging pile 6-1 is normal.

Due to the presence of the rechargeable battery BT1-1, the charging station can be charged successfully. After the charging station is successfully charged, the charging station works normally, and the rechargeable battery BT1-1 is charged through the diode D1-1 and the resistor R1-1 for the next charging.

In this embodiment, the rechargeable battery BT1-1 can be used as a battery-powered filter circuit (4B), which itself is equivalent to an electrolytic capacitor of several farads, and its equivalent series resistance ESR is extremely low, often as low as below 10mΩ, so the filtering effect is very good it is good.

When selecting the rechargeable battery BT1-1, ensure that it can be recharged more than dozens of times without charging. Preferably, the rechargeable battery BT1-1 can be a small-capacity lead-acid battery, a lithium polymer battery pack, etc., which can be recharged many times.

Referring to Fig. 4, the second embodiment only shows the auxiliary charging circuit 3-2, and other functional modules are the same as those of the first embodiment. It is an alternative to the auxiliary charging circuit in Embodiment 1. As shown in FIG. 4, the MOS transistor Qt is a P-channel, low-voltage, body-free MOS transistor without a body diode (BodyDiode), and its gate is grounded through a resistor Rg, thus realizing its The source (S pole) and the drain (D pole) respectively correspond to the equivalent replacement of the positive pole (anode) and negative pole (cathode) of the diode.

The working principle of the circuit of this embodiment is: the MOS transistor Qt is a voltage control device, when connected as shown in Figure 4, the gate of the field effect MOS transistor Qt is grounded through the resistor Rg, and the source voltage is the battery voltage, which is set to 12.8V ; At this time, its VGS=-12.8V, which is greater than the turn-on voltage of the MOS tube, so that the MOS tube Qt is completely turned on. At present, the conduction internal resistance of the P-channel MOS transistor can be as low as below 10mΩ, which is fully capable of meeting the above design requirements. At the moment of charging at the charging station, the voltage of the original battery drops at the moment of charging, and at the same time the VGS of the field effect MOS transistor Qt drops, the MOS transistor exits conduction and enters an off state, and its D pole and S pole return to an open state , the rechargeable battery BT1-2 therefore cannot discharge to the original storage battery. Therefore, the field effect MOS transistor Q in this embodiment is equivalent to a diode.

Incidentally, in the second embodiment above, any end of Rg can be connected to a diode, and its function is to adjust the turn-off sensitivity of the field effect MOS transistor Qt.

Referring to Fig. 5, the synchronous switch 5-3 in the third embodiment shown is a normally open relay RLY, and other functional modules are the same as those in the first embodiment. Referring to Fig. 5, the coil winding of the relay RLY is connected to the original main switch, and the other end is grounded; the normally open contact is connected between the rechargeable battery BT1-3 and the charging pile 6-3. When the main switch 2-3 is in the on state, the relay RLY coil is energized, and the normally open contact becomes closed under the pull-in of the relay, and the voltage of the rechargeable battery BT1-3 is added to the charging pile through the closed contact On 6-3, the charging pile 6-3 is powered and works normally.

Referring to Figure 6, the fourth embodiment shown is based on the first embodiment, adding an undervoltage bypass circuit 7-4, which is connected to the output end of the main switch 2-4 and the charging pile 6-4 between the input terminals. Referring to Fig. 6, the undervoltage bypass circuit 7-4 can realize: when the voltage of the rechargeable battery BT1-4 is insufficient or has no voltage for some reason, the undervoltage bypass circuit 7-4 can reduce the voltage of the original storage battery to nearly Add it to the charging pile 6-4 without loss, thereby ensuring the recovery of the original car's circuit and charging station performance.

In this embodiment, the undervoltage bypass circuit 7-4 is composed of PNP transistor Q1-4, resistor R3-4, NPN transistor Q2-4, resistor R2-4, PNP transistor Q3-4, and resistor R4-4; After the battery 1-4 voltage passes through the main switch 2-4, one path is added to the auxiliary charging circuit 3-4, and the other two paths are applied to the emitters of the triode Q1-4 and Q3-4; the collector of the triode Q1-4 is connected to the charging circuit. Pile 6-4 power supply terminal, the base of transistor Q1-4 is connected to the collector of Q2-4 through resistor R3-4; the emitter of Q2-4 is grounded, and the base of Q2-4 is connected to Q3 through resistor R2-4 The collector of -4; the base of Q3-4 is connected to the positive pole of the rechargeable battery BT1-4 through the resistor R4-4.

The working principle of this circuit is: when the voltage of the rechargeable battery BT1-4 is insufficient or has no voltage for some reason, the voltage at the connection end of the resistor R4-4 and the rechargeable battery BT1-4 drops, and the voltage of the battery 1-4 passes through the main switch 2 After -4, the rechargeable battery BT1-4 is charged with a small current through the emitter of the triode Q3-4, the base of the triode Q3-4, and the resistor R4-4. Because the value of the resistor R4-4 is large, the current is very small. At this time, the triode Q3-4 will be turned on, causing the current to flow through the resistor R2-4, the base and emitter of the triode Q2-4 will have current flow, and the triode Q2-4 will be turned on; the current will flow in the resistor R3-4 Over, causing the triode Q1-4 to be saturated and turned on. Since the saturation voltage drop of the triode Q1-4 is very low, between 0.07V and 0.15V, the voltage of the original storage battery 1-4 is added to the charging pile 6-4 through the collector of the triode Q1-4. At this time, the voltage obtained on the charging pile 6-4 is 12.65V (the voltage drop of the original battery is -0.15V, and the voltage of the original battery is 12.8V), so that the circuit in the charging pile 6 basically works on the battery voltage .

When the voltage of the rechargeable battery BT1-4 is normal, no current flows through the resistor R4-4, and the transistors Q3-4, Q2-4, and Q1-4 are all in cut-off state. At this time, the power consumption of the undervoltage bypass circuit 7-4 in FIG. -4 and the abnormal discharge of the rechargeable battery BT1-4, thus meeting the requirement of small or zero self-discharge for diesel fuel.

Referring to Fig. 7, the fifth embodiment shown is an improved solution of the fourth embodiment. As shown in Figure 7, a diode D2-5 is added to the undervoltage bypass circuit 7-5, the positive pole of the diode D2-5 is connected to the positive pole of the rechargeable battery BT1-5, and the negative pole is connected to the input terminal of the synchronous switch 5 to prevent undervoltage bypass When the circuit 7-5 is working, the voltage is poured back to the rechargeable battery BT1-5 with insufficient voltage, which is accomplished by utilizing the known unidirectional conduction characteristic of a diode. Of course, D2-5 can also replace the diode in Fig. 3 with a P-channel MOS transistor and a resistor as shown in Fig. 4 .

Referring to Fig. 8, the shown embodiment 6 is another improved solution of the fourth embodiment. Referring to FIG. 8 , for the convenience of analysis, the improved undervoltage bypass circuit 7-6 is described separately. In Fig. 8, compared with Fig. 6, the undervoltage bypass circuit 7-6 adds a resistor R5-6. One end of the resistor R5-6 is connected to the emitter of the triode Q3-6, and the other end is connected to the base of the triode Q3-6. poles are connected.

In this embodiment, due to the newly added resistor R5-6, the function of the circuit is enhanced. In Fig. 6, when the voltage of the rechargeable battery BT1-6 is 0.7V lower than the voltage of the original battery, the undervoltage bypass circuit 7-6 in Fig. 6 may work; and in Fig. 8, due to the resistance R5-6 The shunt function enables the voltage difference to be adjusted by adjusting the resistance of R5-6, thereby adjusting the working sensitivity and reliability of the circuit.

Referring to Fig. 9, the seventh embodiment shown is an equivalent alternative to the fourth embodiment. Here, the undervoltage bypass circuit 7 - 7 that has been equivalently replaced is independently drawn and described. Referring to Fig. 9, the undervoltage bypass circuit 7-7 is composed of transistors Q1-7, Q2-7, Q3-7 and resistors R2-7, R3-7, R4-7 and R5-7, wherein the transistors Q2-7 and Q3-7 is an NPN transistor, and the transistor Q1-7 is a PNP transistor. The specific connection method is: the output terminal of the total switch is connected to the emitter of Q1-7 and R2-7, and the other end of R2-7 is connected to the base of the transistor Q2-7 and the collector of Q3-7; the transistor Q3-7, Q2 The emitter of -7 is grounded; the base of the triode Q3-7 is connected to the series point where R4-7 and R5-7 are connected in series, the other end of R5-7 is grounded, and the other end of R4-7 is connected to the positive pole of the rechargeable battery BT1; the triode The collector of Q2-7 is connected to the base of Q1-7 through the resistor R3-7, and the collector of Q1-7 is connected to the charging pile.

The circuit principle of the seventh embodiment is: if the voltage of the rechargeable battery BT1 is low, the voltage divided by R4-7 and R5-7 is less than 0.7V, and at this time the base and emitter of Q3-7 cannot be turned on ; When Q3-7 is cut off, the voltage on battery 1 is added to the base and emitter of Q2-7 through R2-7, and the base and emitter of Q2-7 are turned on because of the current, and the collector of Q2-7 The electrode voltage drops, and current flows in R3-7, causing Q1-7 to be saturated and turned on; the saturation voltage drop of Q1-7 is very low, between 0.07V and 0.15V, so that the original battery voltage is passed through Q1-7 The collector of the charging pile is added to the charging pile, and the voltage obtained on the charging pile 6-7 is: the voltage of the original battery -0.15V. If the voltage of the original battery is 12.8V, then the voltage obtained on the charging pile is 12.65V. The circuit in the charging pile basically works on the battery voltage.

Referring to Figure 10, the eighth embodiment shown is a further improvement on the basis of the fourth embodiment, specifically adding an audible and light alarm circuit 8-8 on the basis of the undervoltage bypass circuit 7-8, which can be used as a rechargeable battery When a low voltage appears in the voltage, the undervoltage bypass circuit 7-8 outputs an audible and visual alarm signal when it is working, so that the operator can get a timely audible and visual prompt, so as to deal with the normal situation in time.

Referring to Fig. 10, this circuit is obtained by adding an NPN transistor Q6-8, a resistor R6-8 and an acousto-optic prompt circuit to the circuit in Fig. 8, wherein: resistor R6-8 is connected to resistor R2-8 and At the connection point of the collector of the transistor Q3-8, the other end of the resistor R6-8 is connected to the base of the transistor Q6-8; the emitter of the transistor Q6-8 is grounded, and the collector of the transistor Q6-8 is connected to the power supply of the sound and light prompt circuit Negative pole; the positive pole of the power supply of the sound and light prompt circuit is connected to the output terminal of the main switch.

The working principle of the circuit is: when the voltage of the rechargeable battery BT1 is low, the triode Q3-8 will be turned on; at this time, the base of the triode Q6-8 will obtain current through the resistor R6-8, and the triode Q6-8 will be saturated and turned on; drive The acousto-optic prompting circuit makes a sound or lights up the normal indicator or the normal indicator to send a flash signal; thus, the operator can get a timely acousto-optic prompt in order to deal with the abnormal situation in time.

Referring to Fig. 11, the ninth embodiment shown uses the switching power supply charging management module 3-9 to replace the diode D1 and the resistor R1 in the first embodiment, thereby forming a relatively constant current linear auxiliary charging circuit; this circuit is more reliable and can be Realize the purpose of utility model.

Referring to Fig. 11, the working principle of this circuit is the same as that of Fig. 7. The switching power supply charging management module is generally used in the battery charging management of mobile phones, referred to as "mobile phones". The switching power supply charging management module used in the utility model has the following characteristics: (1) the output is a constant current, so as to prolong the life of the rechargeable battery BT1; (2) when the charging termination voltage of the rechargeable battery BT1 is reached, the (3) When the original battery voltage is lower than a certain value, the recoverable self-shutdown power supply charging management module can realize the reduction of the discharge current of the original battery when working at the charging station.

The rechargeable battery BT1 is used as the battery-powered filter circuit in the above-mentioned embodiment 1 to embodiment 9, which itself is equivalent to an electrolytic capacitor of several farads, and its equivalent series resistance ESR is extremely low, as low as below 10mΩ, and the filtering effect is excellent; After using the switching power supply charging management module to replace the auxiliary charging circuit composed of diode D1 and resistor R1, the filtering effect is more than ten times higher than that of the dedicated capacitor, thus ensuring that the circuit does not generate high voltage charging due to the influence of switching power supply fail.

The storage battery in the embodiment of the utility model has a mains power storage mode, a wind power storage mode and a solar power storage mode, wherein: the mains power supply device, the wind power power supply device, and the solar power supply device can share the battery controller and the battery; the wind power power supply device and the solar power supply device Solar powered units can also share inverters. Of course, corresponding units can also be set up for the mains power supply device, the wind power supply device, and the solar power supply device. The various charging methods are described below.

Referring to Fig. 12, it shows a block diagram of the commercial power supply device of the present utility model. The mains power supply device includes a mains power supply terminal 20 and an AC-DC converter 11 in sequence. Converter 11 is converted into direct current, and charges battery 1 under the control of battery controller 9, to ensure that battery 1 has enough electric energy. When the air volume or the sun is insufficient, the mains working mode starts, and the 220v or 380v mains alternating current is converted into direct current through the AC-DC converter 11, and the battery 1 is charged under the control of the battery controller 9, so that the battery 1 maintains sufficient electric energy. In this way, the utility model realizes power supply in three modes, which is beneficial to realize the purpose of energy saving.

Referring to Fig. 13, a block diagram of the storage battery controller of the present invention is shown. The storage battery controller 9 can be connected to mains power, wind energy and solar power in time intervals. The storage battery controller 9 includes a charging circuit 91, a discharging circuit 93, a control circuit 92 and a lightning protection circuit 94. 1 in parallel, and the lightning protection circuit 94 and the storage battery 1 are connected in series. Due to the addition of the lightning protection circuit 94, the lightning strike current flowing through the storage battery 1 is greatly reduced.

The lightning protection circuit 94 in this embodiment is specifically a lightning protection inductor. After adding the lightning protection inductor, the lightning strike current flowing through the battery 1 is greatly reduced; at the same time, the inductance of the lightning protection inductor is much greater than the internal resistance of the battery, thus The residual voltage distributed at both ends of the storage battery 1 is also greatly reduced, which also enhances the lightning protection capability of the system. In addition, lightning protection inductors can also be connected in series with the charging circuit 91 and the discharging circuit 93 to further improve the lightning protection capability.

Referring to Fig. 14, it shows the circuit principle diagram of the AC-DC converter of the present invention. The AC-DC converter mainly includes a rectifier circuit 111 and a filter circuit 112, wherein: the rectifier circuit 111 is used to rectify the input AC power, preferably a full-wave bridge rectifier circuit BR1, which is composed of four diodes, The design is simple and practical, and can well meet the rectification needs of customers; the filter circuit 112 is used to filter the rectified AC V+, which includes diodes D3.11, diodes D4.11, diodes D8.11, and diodes D9. 11. Capacitor C7.11 and capacitor C9.11, the anode of diode D3.11 is connected to the output of the rectifier circuit, the cathode of diode D3.11 is connected to the cathode of diode D9.11, and one end of capacitor C7.11 is connected to diode D3. 11, the other end of capacitor C7.11 is respectively connected to the anode of diode D8.11 and the cathode of diode D4.11, the cathode of diode D8.11 is connected to the anode of diode D9.11, and one end of capacitor C9.11 It is connected to the anode of diode D4.11, the other end of capacitor C9.11 is connected to the anode of diode D9.11, and the cathode of diode D9.11 is also connected to the DC output terminal.

As shown in Figure 14, the working principle and working engineering of the AC-DC converter is: when converting, capacitor C7.11 and capacitor C9.11 are connected in series to store energy, so that capacitor C7.11 and capacitor C9.11 are small capacitors, namely The AC-DC conversion originally realized by using a large capacitor can be completed, the realization cost of the AC-DC converter is reduced, and the power factor of the whole circuit is reduced at the same time. When the voltage of the rectified alternating current is greater than the sum of the voltages of capacitor C7.11 and capacitor C9.11, the rectified alternating current passes through diode D3.11, capacitor C7.11, diode D8.11 and capacitor C9.11 to The ground charges the capacitor C7.11 and the capacitor C9.11, and the diode D4.11 and the diode D9.11 are cut off. Here capacitor C7.11 and capacitor C9.11 use capacitors with equal capacitance values, and these two capacitors can be charged to (Vbuck/2)=(Vac peak value/2). At this time, the rectified AC voltage is less than or equal to the voltage sum of capacitor C7.11 and capacitor C9.11, that is, V+ changes to less than or equal to (Vac peak value/2), diode D3.11 is cut off, and V+ is no longer supplied to the DC output terminal. When supplying power, the diode D8.11 is cut off, and the diode D4.11 and the diode D9.11 are turned on. The DC output terminal is discharged through the capacitor C7.11, the diode D4.11, the capacitor C9.11, and the diode D9.11, that is, the load circuit is powered through the capacitor C7.11 and the capacitor C9.11. At this time, the voltage change of the DC output terminal (ie Vbuck) will not have the same peaks and valleys as V+, but a smoothly changing peak, thereby achieving the effect of waveform chopping. At the same time, when V+ changes to less than or equal to (Vac peak value/2), V+ does not supply power to the DC output terminal, that is, when the voltage changes to a valley, the input current also decreases to 0, so the consistency of voltage and current changes is better than that of a large electrolytic capacitor. The consistency of the circuit is better, so the input power factor of the power supply of the AC-DC converter in this embodiment will also be improved.

In FIG. 14 , the AC-DC converter further includes a filter capacitor C10.11, one end of the filter capacitor C10.11 is connected to the DC output terminal, and the other end of the filter capacitor C10.11 is grounded. Filtering by the filter electrolytic capacitor C10 makes the output voltage of the DC output terminal smoother, and better meets the needs of users for DC power supply. In addition, the AC-DC converter also includes a light-emitting diode D1.11 for indicating the working state of the AC-DC converter. The cathode of the light-emitting diode D1.11 is grounded, and the anode of the light-emitting diode D1.11 is connected to the DC output through a resistor R5.11. Terminal Vbuck connection. Further, the AC-DC converter also includes a Zener diode D2.11 for protecting the light-emitting diode D1.11, the anode of the Zener diode D2.11 is grounded, and the cathode of the Zener diode D2.11 passes through the resistor R4.11 respectively Connect with the DC output terminal and the anode of the light-emitting diode D1.11. When the AC-DC converter of this embodiment supplies power to the DC output terminal, the light-emitting diode D1.11 will be lit at this time to indicate that the AC-DC converter is in a working state. The Zener diode D2.11 can ensure that the working voltage at both ends of the LED D1.11 will not be too large and damage the LED D1.11.

Referring to Fig. 15, it shows a block diagram of the wind power supply device of the present utility model. The wind energy power supply device includes a wind turbine 14, a generator 13, a rectifier 12, an inverter 10, a storage battery controller 9 and a storage battery 1, and the wind turbine 14, the generator 13, the rectifier 12 and the inverter 10 are sequentially connected to form a power supply main circuit , to supply power to the AC load; the rectifier 12, the battery controller 9, the battery 1, and the inverter 10 are sequentially connected to form an energy storage branch, and the battery controller 9 controls the rectifier 12 to charge the battery 1 and controls the battery 1 to charge the inverter 10 discharge.

In the wind power supply mode, the wind turbine 14 drives the generator 13 with the captured wind energy in the form of mechanical energy, and the output alternating current with variable voltage and frequency is converted into direct current through the rectifier 12, and converted into constant voltage through the inverter 10 when the wind volume is sufficient Constant frequency AC power is used for AC loads, and the excess power is charged to the battery 1 under the control of the battery controller 9; the electric energy of the battery 1 is provided to the DC load, and can also be discharged to the inverter 10 when the air volume is insufficient.

Referring to Fig. 16, it shows a block diagram of an improved wind energy power supply device according to another embodiment of the present invention. The wind power supply device consists of a wind turbine 14, a generator 13, a rectifier 12, a DC boost circuit 19, an inverter 10, a storage battery controller 9, a storage battery 1, a system controller 15, a discharge load controller 17, and a discharge load. 18. Composition of braking device 16, etc., wherein: wind turbine 14, generator 13, rectifier 12, DC boost circuit 19, and inverter 10 are sequentially connected to form a main power supply road to supply power to AC loads; battery controller 9 , battery 1, and inverter 10 are sequentially connected to form an energy storage branch. The battery controller 9 controls the rectifier 12 to charge the battery 1 and discharge the battery 1 to the inverter 10; the braking device 16 acts on the power of the wind turbine 14 Shaft; the energy dissipation load 18 is connected to the output end of the generator 13 through the energy dissipation load controller 17; the system controller 15 is respectively connected to the braking device 16, the energy dissipation load controller 17 and the battery controller 9, so as to control the braking The brake device 16 brakes, the energy discharge load 18 discharges energy and the storage battery 1 charges; the system controller 15 is connected to the acquisition signal of the inverter 10, the storage battery 1 and the wind energy sensor, so that the system can be controlled according to the load status, energy storage status and wind speed conditions. Adjust the operating status of the wind power supply device.

When the wind speed reaches the cut-in wind speed of the wind turbine operation, and does not exceed the cut-out wind speed, within the stable working wind speed, the system controller controls the state of the switches T1~T5 to transmit energy according to the wind speed status, the load current threshold, and the threshold of the battery. , mainly including the following situations (as shown in Figure 16):

(1) Wind turbine → generator → rectifier → DC boost circuit → inverter → AC load.

(2) Line 1: wind turbine → generator → rectifier → DC boost circuit → inverter → AC load; line 2: wind turbine → generator → rectifier → battery (charging); line 3: wind turbine → generator → energy discharge load; line 4: wind turbine → braking brake device.

(3) Circuit 5: wind turbine→generator→rectifier→DC boost circuit→inverter→AC load; circuit 6: battery (discharging)→DC boost circuit→inverter→AC load.

(4) Battery (discharging) → DC boost circuit → inverter → AC load.

If there is no wind and the wind speed is too high, exceeding the maximum wind speed that the wind turbine can withstand, then the mechanical brake device will be activated to lock the wind turbine to protect the wind power generation system.

Figures 15 and 16 use the inverter 10 to convert DC power into AC power so as to provide practical AC loads. The specific structure of the inverter 10 is as follows.

Referring to Fig. 17, it shows the circuit principle diagram of the inverter of the present utility model. The inverter includes a power tube driver chip, which is connected to a microprocessor circuit (MCU/DSP), so as to drive the corresponding power tube to turn on and off alternately according to the pulse width modulation signal output by the microprocessor circuit. broken. Specifically, the inverter includes six power tubes B1-B6, these six power tubes are divided into three groups, and each group of power tubes controls one-phase output.

The specific connection method of each power tube is: the sources of power tubes B1, B2, and B3 are connected to one end of the DC power supply, the drains of power tubes B4, B5, and B6 are connected to the other end of the DC power supply, and the drain of power tube B1 is connected to the other end of the DC power supply. The connection point with the source of power tube B4 is connected to the U-phase terminal of the AC load (such as a motor), the connection point between the drain of power tube B2 and the source of power tube B5 is connected to the V-phase terminal of the AC load, and the connection point of the power tube B3 The connection point of the drain and the source of the power tube B6 is connected to the W-phase terminal of the AC load of the inverter air conditioner compressor; the gates of the power tubes B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, and B6 are respectively connected to one output end of the power tube driver chip, Each input end of the power tube drive chip is controlled by one of the output pulse width adjustment signals PWM1, PWM2, PWM3, PWM4, PWM5, PWM6 of the microprocessor circuit. Diodes are correspondingly connected between the sources and drains of the six power transistors B1-B6.

The microprocessor generates corresponding 6 pulse width modulation signals according to the set operating rules, that is, six driving signals PWM1~PWM6; the six power transistors (MOSFET or IGBT) B1~B6 of the inverter are driven by the power transistor driver chip ; These power tubes are alternately turned on and off to generate three-phase modulation waveforms, output voltage adjustable, and frequency-variable three-phase alternating current, and the U, V, and W terminals of the three-phase electric windings are connected to corresponding AC loads to drive its running.

Referring to Fig. 18, it is a block diagram of the solar power supply device of the present invention. This solar power supply device comprises solar cell 21, storage battery controller 9, storage battery 1, inverter 10, and solar cell 21 is preferably thin-film solar cell, and storage battery controller 9 has charging circuit 91, discharging circuit 92 and control circuit 93, charging circuit 91 is connected between the solar cell 21 and the storage battery 1, the discharge circuit 92 is connected between the storage battery 1 and the inverter 10, the control circuit 93 is respectively connected to the charging circuit 91, the discharge circuit 93 and the storage battery 1, and the inverter 10 is connected to the AC load.

In Fig. 18, the solar cell 21 is the core part of the solar power supply device, and its function is to convert the sun's radiation ability into electric energy, or send it to the storage battery for storage, or promote the motor to work. The function of the battery controller 9 is to control the working state of the whole system, and to protect the battery from overcharging and overdischarging. The effect of accumulator 1 is to store the electric energy that solar cell sends when there is light, release again when needed.

Referring to FIG. 19 , it shows a schematic structural view of the solar cell of the present invention. The solar cell 21 is a thin-film solar cell, which includes a first conductive glass substrate 211, a deposition absorption layer 212, a buffer layer 213, a conductive silver glue 214, and a second conductive glass substrate 215, wherein: the first conductive glass substrate 211, the deposition absorption layer Layer 212, buffer layer 213, conductive silver glue 214, and second conductive glass substrate 215 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; electrodes (not shown) on the first conductive glass substrate 211 and second conductive glass substrate 215 are generally A positive electrode is drawn from the first conductive glass substrate 211 , and a negative electrode is drawn from the second conductive glass substrate 215 .

In Fig. 19, the specifications of the above-mentioned layers can be: the length of the first conductive glass substrate 211 and the second conductive glass substrate 215 is 40mm, the width is 15mm, and the thickness is 3mm; the deposition absorption layer 212 is made of semiconductor nanomaterials, and the length 30mm, width 15mm, thickness 2×10 ^-3 mm; buffer layer 213 made of In ₂ S ₃ material, length 25mm, width 15mm, thickness 4×10 ^-3 mm; conductive silver glue 214 The length is 20mm, the width is 15mm, and the thickness is 2×10 ^-3 mm. With such an arrangement, the consumption of materials is less, the energy consumption of manufacture is low, and it has excellent effects in improving the performance such as the voltage of the battery.

The structure and various parts of the charging station have been described in detail above. The system has a compact structure, good performance, low investment, and a promising market prospect.

Although the utility model is disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not used to limit the utility model, and any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model should be defined by the claims of the utility model.

Claims (1)

1. a novel charging station circuit, comprise battery controller, storage battery, master switch, auxiliary charging circuit, rechargeable type auxiliary power supply circuit, synchro switch and charging pile successively, wherein storage battery selects mains-supplied pattern, powered by wind energy pattern or solar powered pattern to carry out accumulation of energy by battery controller, it is characterized in that, synchro switch comprises a relay R LY open in usual, the output of the coil windings one termination master switch of relay R LY open in usual, other end ground connection; The normally opened contact of relay R LY open in usual is connected between auxiliary charging circuit output and the input of charging pile;

Charging pile is arranged touch-screen for user operation, and charging pile is connected to control centre so that watch-dog operation conditions and user's behaviour in service;

The mains power supply of charging station comprises civil power access terminal, AC/DC changeover switch, this AC/DC changeover switch is connected to battery controller, the alternating current of civil power access terminal access is converted to direct current through AC/DC changeover switch, to charge in batteries under the control of battery controller;

The powered by wind energy device of charging station comprises wind turbine, generator, rectifier, inverter, battery controller and storage battery, and wind turbine, generator, rectifier and inverter are in turn connected into power supply main road and power to AC load; Rectifier, battery controller, storage battery, inverter are in turn connected into accumulation of energy branch road, and this battery controller controls rectifier and discharges to inverter to charge in batteries and control storage battery;

The solar power supply apparatus of charging station comprises solar cell, battery controller, storage battery, inverter, the charging circuit of battery controller is connected between solar cell and storage battery, the discharge circuit of battery controller is connected between storage battery and inverter, the control circuit of battery controller connects the charging circuit of battery controller, the discharge circuit of battery controller and storage battery respectively, and inverter is connected to AC load;

Described inverter comprises power tube driving chip and six power tubes, power tube driving chip is connected to microcontroller circuit and drives corresponding power tube alternate conduction and shutoff with the pulse width modulating signal exported according to microcontroller circuit, six power tubes are divided into three groups, and every group power controls a phase and exports.