CN204939185U - A kind of sewage water denitrification dephosphorization apparatus integrating physical biochemistry and filter - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a sewage denitrification and phosphorus removal device integrating physical, biological and chemical filtration. The adsorption filtration reaction system and PLC control system are composed, the physical filtration system is connected with the anoxic denitrification biological filter\aerobic nitrification biological filter denitrification system, and the anoxic denitrification biological filter\aerobic nitrification biological filter denitrification The system is connected with the phosphorus removal adsorption filtration reaction system; or, the physical filter is connected with the phosphorus removal adsorption filtration reaction system, and the phosphorus removal adsorption filtration reaction system is connected with the anoxic denitrification biological filter\aerobic nitrification biological filter denitrification system The physical filter, the anoxic denitrification biological filter/aerobic nitrification biological filter denitrification system and the phosphorus removal adsorption filtration reaction system are respectively connected with the aeration and backwashing system and the sewage return system. The utility model sewage denitrification and phosphorus removal device can efficiently complete the denitrification reaction, and can remove phosphorus in the sewage without adding phosphorus removal agents, and has the advantages of short process, low investment cost, low operation cost, and easy sludge treatment And other remarkable features, can meet the national "Urban Sewage Treatment Plant Pollutant Discharge Standard" (GB18918-2002) Class A discharge standard.

Description

A sewage nitrogen and phosphorus removal device integrating physical, biological and chemical filtration

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of sewage treatment, and relates to a sewage denitrification and dephosphorization device integrating physical, biochemical and filtration. The sewage treatment has reached the first-level A standard of the national "Pollutant Discharge Standards for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002).

Background technique

For a long time, my country's sewage treatment has always paid attention to the degradation control of organic matter in sewage, and in recent years, it has especially strengthened the control of the degradation of "nitrogen" and "phosphorus" pollutants that cause eutrophication in water bodies. It is required to meet the first-level A standard of "Pollutant Discharge Standards for Urban Sewage Plants" (GB18918-2002). At present, most of the urban sewage plants, especially those in the southern region, use the combined system of rain and sewage, and the pipe network is broken due to poor geological conditions, which in turn causes the C:N:P ratio imbalance of the influent water. , showing a low concentration of organic matter, but high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus. In the traditional process of treating this kind of sewage, a coagulation sedimentation tank is generally set as a pretreatment process. This process requires the addition of flocculants such as high-polymer aluminum salts and iron salts, which suspend phosphorus and most of the fine particles in the sewage. Organic matter and part of dissolved organic matter form floc co-precipitation through "bridge adsorption", which can be removed by mud discharge; at the same time, due to the adsorption of the formed flocs, part of dissolved organic matter in sewage is also removed, thus causing The carbon source in the subsequent denitrification and denitrification process section is insufficient; in order to ensure the denitrification effect, it is necessary to add carbon sources such as methanol and sodium acetate, which greatly increases the operating cost and causes a waste of energy.

For small and medium-sized cities and towns in my country, biofilter sewage treatment technology has broad application prospects. However, as an aerobic biofilm sewage treatment process, the biofilter has certain limitations in its phosphorus removal capacity, and cannot effectively remove the phosphorus present in sewage. In addition, the biofilter has strict requirements on the suspended solids in the influent, so the traditional process often uses a coagulation sedimentation tank and a biofilter in combination, and achieves the purpose of phosphorus removal through the addition of chemicals. However, with the input of chemicals, a large amount of organic matter in raw water is removed, which virtually reduces the amount of carbon sources available for denitrification, resulting in insufficient carbon sources and the need for additional carbon sources. At the same time, it is difficult to treat and dispose of the chemical sludge formed. Both will greatly increase the cost of water treatment. Therefore, for the biofiltration process mainly based on biofilter, how to ensure its normal operation, the control requirements for fibrous substances and the demand for carbon sources; Phosphorus removal methods instead of chemical phosphorus removal in the process, all of which directly affect the application and promotion of biological filters. Finding a simple and suitable treatment device to solve the above problems and make the biofilter process nearly perfect is very important to promote the development of biofilm technology.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a sewage denitrification and phosphorus removal device integrating physical, biochemical and chemical filtration. Factory Pollutant Discharge Standard (GB18918-2002) Class A standard.

The sewage denitrification and phosphorus removal device integrating physical, biochemical and filtration provided by the utility model is mainly composed of a physical filter tank, an anoxic denitrification biological filter\aerobic nitrification biological filter denitrification system, and a phosphorus removal adsorption filtration reaction system It is composed of PLC control system, the physical filtration system is connected with the denitrification system of anoxic denitrification biological filter\aerobic nitrification biological filter, and the denitrification system of anoxic denitrification biological filter\aerobic nitrification biological filter is connected with phosphorus removal The adsorption filtration reaction system is connected; or, the physical filter is connected with the phosphorus removal adsorption filtration reaction system, and the phosphorus removal adsorption filtration reaction system is connected with the anoxic denitrification biological filter\aerobic nitrification biological filter denitrification system. The physical filter, anoxic denitrification biological filter\aerobic nitrification biological filter denitrification system and phosphorus removal adsorption filtration reaction system are respectively connected with the aeration and backwashing system and the sewage return system. The sewage first passes through the physical filter, then enters the anoxic denitrification biological filter\aerobic nitrification biological filter denitrification system, and finally enters the phosphorus removal adsorption filtration reaction system; or the sewage first passes through the physical filtration system, and then enters the phosphorus removal adsorption filtration The reaction system finally enters the anoxic denitrification biological filter\aerobic nitrification biological filter denitrification system.

A multi-stage grid with successively reduced pores is installed in the physical filter; preferably, the physical filter is composed of coarse grids, medium grids, fine grids and fine filtration facilities installed in the physical filter; the middle grid The gap of the grid is preferably 5-20mm, the gap of the fine grid is preferably 2-5mm, and the aperture of the fine filtration facility is 0.1-2.0mm; the fine filtration facility can be a microfiltration device.

Anoxic denitrification biological filter\aerobic nitrification biological filter denitrification system is composed of anoxic denitrification biological filter, aerobic nitrification biological filter and return system, the effluent of anoxic denitrification biological filter flows into aerobic nitrification Biological filter, part of the effluent from the aerobic nitrification biological filter is returned to the anoxic denitrification biological filter. The anoxic denitrification biological filter and the aerobic nitrification biological filter are respectively composed of a water distribution area, a reaction area and a clean water area. The water distribution area is equipped with a filter head and a filter plate, on which are a supporting layer and a ceramsite layer.

The phosphorus removal adsorption filtration reaction system is a phosphorus removal adsorption filter. A water distribution system is installed at the bottom of the filter. The water distribution system is composed of a bottom-mounted anti-clogging long handle filter head and a filter plate. Set the access cap on the top. The structure of phosphorus removal adsorption filter is divided into water distribution area, reaction area and clear water area. The reaction area is equipped with: bottom-loading anti-clogging long handle filter head, pebbles, slightly alkaline slow-release phosphorus removal filter material from bottom to top.

The physical filter, anoxic denitrification biological filter\aerobic nitrification biological filter denitrification system and phosphorus removal adsorption filtration reaction system are respectively connected with the aeration and backwashing system and the sewage return system. The aeration system is composed of blower, air pipeline, regulating valve, air distributor, single-hole membrane aerator, online dissolved oxygen and PLC control system. The backwashing system consists of a backwashing fan, a backwashing water pump, water and air distribution pipelines, and a PLC control system. The backwash fan and the backwash water pump are connected with the PLC control system. The aeration and backwashing system can be connected with the aerobic biological filter. The sewage return system is composed of return water pump, return water pipeline, flow meter, nitrate nitrogen monitoring instrument and PLC control system.

Set up online nitrate nitrogen monitoring instruments, online ammonia nitrogen monitoring instruments and/or online dissolved oxygen monitoring instruments in the anoxic denitrification biological filter\aerobic nitrification biological filter denitrification system, and use the data monitored by these instruments to be controlled by the PLC system The return water volume of the return system and the air supply volume of the aeration system.

A mechanical cleaning device is installed in the physical filtration system, or an online ultrasonic liquid level difference instrument can also be installed, and the data monitored by the online ultrasonic liquid level difference instrument is used to control the mechanical slag cleaning through the PLC system.

The sewage denitrification and phosphorus removal device integrating physical, biochemical and chemical filtration proposed by the utility model has the remarkable characteristics of short process, low investment cost, low operating cost, and easy treatment of sludge. COD _cr , BOD ₅ , NH ₃ -N, SS, TN, TP removal rate reached 92%, 95%, 95%, 95%, 90%, 95%, respectively. The whole process can meet the national "Urban Sewage Treatment Plant Pollutant Discharge Standard" (GB18918-2002) Class A discharge standard without any additional chemicals, which not only controls water pollution but also saves energy consumption, and also meets the requirements of a conservation-oriented society .

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is one of the schematic diagrams of the sewage denitrification and dephosphorization device integrating physical, biochemical and filtration of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is the second schematic diagram of the sewage denitrification and dephosphorization device integrating physical, biochemical and filtration of the utility model.

In the figure: A, physical filter, B, anoxic denitrification biological filter, C, aerobic nitrification biological filter, D, phosphorus removal adsorption filter, E, B and C composed of anoxic denitrification biological filter \Aerobic nitrification biological filter denitrification system, F, middle pool, G, disinfection outlet pool.

1. Lifting pump, 2. Sewage inlet pipe, 3. Grille system group, 4. Outlet pipe, 5. Backwash pump,

6. Backwashing water inlet pipe, 7. Backwashing water outlet pipe, 8. Aeration blower, 9. Aeration pipe, 10. Backwashing fan, 11. Backwashing inlet pipe, 12. Intermediate lift pump, 13. Backflow Pipeline, 14, return pump, 15, water distribution area, 16, reaction area, 17, clear water area, 18, bottom-mounted anti-clogging long handle filter head, 19, filter plate, 20, aeration system, 21, supporting layer . 28. On-line nitrate nitrogen monitoring instrument, 29. On-line ammonia nitrogen monitoring instrument, 30. On-line dissolved oxygen monitoring instrument, 31. Influent water flow meter, 32. PLC computer workstation system, 33. Control cable, 34. On-line ultrasonic liquid level poor instrument.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 2 the utility model is further described.

The sewage treatment device of the utility model integrating physical, biological and chemical filtration is mainly composed of a physical filter pool (A), anoxic denitrification biological filter\aerobic nitrification biological filter denitrification system (E) (anoxic denitrification Biological filter (B) and aerobic nitrification biological filter (C)) and phosphorus removal adsorption filter D are composed, and are used in conjunction with the aeration and backwashing system and the sewage return system. A mechanical slag removal grid group (3) with successively smaller pores is installed in the physical filter tank A to remove most of the suspended solids and fibrous substances in the influent to ensure the subsequent anoxic denitrification biological filter\aerobic nitrification The water distribution system of the biological filter denitrification system (E) is not blocked to ensure the operation cycle and water production rate of the process; the anoxic denitrification biological filter (B) and the aerobic nitrification biological filter (C) can be adjusted according to the actual function It is divided into water distribution area (15), reaction area (16) and clear water area (17); anoxic denitrification biological filter (B) and aerobic nitrification biological filter (C) reaction area are equipped with: Bottom-loading anti-clogging long handle filter head (18), filter plate (19), supporting layer (21), spherical lightweight porous bio-ceramic (22); phosphorus removal adsorption filter (D) reaction zone from bottom to top It is provided with: a bottom-mounted anti-clogging long-handled filter head (18), a filter plate (19), a pebble supporting layer (21), and a slightly alkaline slow-release phosphorus removal filter material (23).

The aeration system consists of an aeration blower (8), an aeration pipeline (9) and an aeration system (20).

The backwash system consists of a backwash fan (10), a backwash intake pipe (11), a backwash water pump (5), and a backwash water inlet pipe (6).

The sewage backflow system is composed of a backflow water pump (14) and a backflow water pipeline (13).

The utility model integrates physical, biological and chemical filtration into one, and the new technological steps of denitrification and dephosphorization of sewage are as follows:

1. Sewage enters the physical filter tank (A) from the sewage inlet pipe (2), and the physical filter tank (A) is equipped with a grille group (3) with successively smaller pores. First set the middle grid, the gap is 5-20mm, after removing the large suspended matter, it enters the fine grid, the gap is 2-5mm; finally enters the microfiltration, the grid/pore is controlled at 0.1-2.0mm, and the flow rate is controlled At 0.6m/s, the resistance can be better controlled.

2. The effluent from the physical filter (A) is mixed with the effluent from the part of the aerobic nitrification biological filter (C) that flows back from the return pump (14) through the return pipe (13) to the water inlet, and then the water from the anoxic denitrification biological filter The water inlet pipe (2) of (B) enters the anoxic denitrification biological filter (B), enters the supporting layer (21) through the water distribution system, and then flows through the supporting layer (21) for denitrifying bacteria Attached and grown spherical lightweight porous bio-ceramic layer (22), the aerobic nitrification biological filter (C)) is returned to the anoxic denitrification biological filter (B) through the return pump (14) and the return pipe (13) The nitrate nitrogen in the sewage is reduced to nitrogen, and the denitrification process is completed. At the same time, most of the suspended matter in the sewage is trapped in the gap of the spherical light porous biological ceramsite layer (22), and passes through the spherical light porous biological ceramsite layer ( 22) The degraded water is discharged into the outlet pipe (4) after passing through the clean water area (17), and enters the aerobic nitrification biological filter (C) by gravity. The structures of the aerobic nitrification biological filter (C) and the anoxic denitrification biological filter (B) are basically the same, and are respectively composed of a water distribution area (15), a reaction area (16) and a clear water area (17). A bottom-mounted anti-clogging long-handle filter head (18) and a filter plate (19) are installed in the water distribution area, on which are a support layer (21) and a spherical lightweight porous bio-ceramic layer (22), in order to meet the supply Oxyte is equipped with an aeration system (20) in the supporting layer, and the required air is provided by the aeration blower (8). At the same time, the suspension in the sewage is further removed due to the interception effect of the spherical light porous biological ceramsite layer (22). Finally, the sewage is purified and enters the clear water area (17) and the water flows into the middle pool through the outlet pipe (4) through the outlet channel. Part of the water in the middle pool is returned to the anoxic denitrification biological filter (B) by the return pump (14) and the return pipe (13), and the other part enters the phosphorus removal adsorption filter (D) through the middle lift pump (12) . The phosphorus removal adsorption filter (D) has the same structure as the anoxic denitrification biological filter (B), and is composed of a water distribution area (15), a reaction area (16) and a clear water area (17). A bottom-mounted anti-clogging long-handle filter head (18) and a filter plate (19) are installed in the water distribution area, on which are a support layer (21) and a slightly alkaline slow-release phosphorus removal filter material (23). The micro-alkaline slow-release phosphorus removal filter material (23) is prepared by mixing various materials, and can form porous particles.

3. Backwash the anoxic denitrification biological filter (B) and the aerobic nitrification biological filter (C) regularly. The backwashing system consists of a backwashing fan, a backwashing water pump, water and air distribution pipelines, and a PLC control system. . The backwash fan is connected to the air distribution pipeline, the backwash water pump is connected to the water distribution pipeline, and the PLC system is connected to the backwash fan and the backwash water pump. Backwashing is carried out in the steps of precipitation level, air flushing, air-water combined flushing and water rinsing. The water level process needs to open the emptying facility of the reactor that needs to be backwashed to quickly discharge the water (17) in the upper clear water area of the filter; the backwash fan (9) and valve (24) and backwash The water pump (5) and the valve (25) carry out air disturbance flushing on the spherical lightweight porous bio-ceramsite (22), and the shearing force of the air flow in the flushing makes the aging biofilm on the surface fall off, and is discharged along with the backwashing water to make anoxic denitrification Biofilter (B) and aerobic nitrification biofilter (C) resume treatment capacity.

4. Regularly backwash the phosphorus removal adsorption filter. Backwashing still adopts the steps of precipitation level, air flushing, air-water combined flushing and water rinsing. Regular backwashing can effectively increase the phosphorus removal effect of the phosphorus removal adsorption filter (D). When the slightly alkaline slow-release phosphorus removal filter material (23) is saturated with adsorption, it needs to be regenerated. During regeneration, the crystallized calcium hydroxyphosphate calcium phosphate can be recovered and used for the preparation of materials such as cement and porous bricks.

5. An inflow flow meter (31) is installed on the sewage inlet pipe (2), and an online dissolved oxygen monitoring instrument (30) is installed in the clear water area (17) of the aerobic nitrification biological filter (C). An online nitrate nitrogen monitoring instrument (28) is installed in the water pipe (2) and the intermediate pool (F), and an online The ammonia nitrogen monitoring instrument (29) is controlled by a specially developed control program based on the online monitoring data measured in (28), (29), (30) and (31), through the PLC computer workstation system (32) control cable (33) Adjust the backflow water volume of the backflow pump (14) and the air supply volume of the aeration blower (8), so that the backflow water and aeration volume supplied by the backflow pump (14) and the blower (8) just meet the requirements for denitrification operation, and ensure that the effluent Under the premise that the water quality meets the requirements, the power consumption can be saved to the greatest extent.

6. The grid group (3) in the physical filter tank (A) should be mechanically cleaned regularly. According to the data measured by the online ultrasonic liquid level difference meter (34), the slag removal of the grid group (3) is carried out mechanically through the PLC computer workstation system (32), so as to ensure a high removal efficiency of the equipment.

Claims (10)

1. the sewage water denitrification dephosphorization apparatus integrating physical biochemistry and filter, primarily of physical filtering pond, anoxic denitrification biological filter aerobic nitrification biological filter denitrification system, dephosphorization adsorption filtration reactive system and PLC control system form, it is characterized in that: physical filtering system and anoxic denitrification biological filter aerobic nitrification biological filter denitrification system be connected, anoxic denitrification biological filter aerobic nitrification biological filter denitrification system be connected with dephosphorization adsorption filtration reactive system; Or physical filtering pond is connected with dephosphorization adsorption filtration reactive system, dephosphorization adsorption filtration reactive system and anoxic denitrification biological filter aerobic nitrification biological filter denitrification system be connected; Described physical filtering pond, anoxic denitrification biological filter aerobic nitrification biological filter denitrification system and dephosphorization adsorption filtration reactive system coordinate be connected with aeration and back-purge system, sewage backflow system respectively.

2. integrate the sewage water denitrification dephosphorization apparatus that physical biochemistry filters as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the multistage grid that hole reduces successively is installed in physical filtering pond.

3. integrate the sewage water denitrification dephosphorization apparatus that physical biochemistry filters as claimed in claim 2, its feature exists: be provided with middle grid, fine fack and fine filtering facility in the pond body in described physical filtering pond successively; The space of described middle grid is 5-20mm, and the space of described fine fack is 2-5mm, and the aperture of described fine filtering facility is 0.1-2.0mm.

4. integrate the sewage water denitrification dephosphorization apparatus that physical biochemistry filters as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described fine filtering facility is micro-filtration.

5. integrate the sewage water denitrification dephosphorization apparatus that physical biochemistry filters as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described anoxic denitrification biological filter aerobic nitrification biological filter denitrification system be made up of anoxic denitrification biological filter, aerobic nitrification biological filter and return-flow system, the water outlet of anoxic denitrification biological filter is connected with aerobic nitrification biological filter, and the part water outlet of aerobic nitrification biological filter is connected with anoxic denitrification biological filter through return-flow system; Anoxic denitrification biological filter, aerobic nitrification biological filter are made up of water distributing area, reaction zone, clear water zone respectively, are provided with filter and filter plate in water distributing area, it are supporting layer and haydite layer.

6. integrate the sewage water denitrification dephosphorization apparatus that physical biochemistry filters as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: dephosphorization adsorption filtration reactive system comprises dephosphorization adsorption filter, dephosphorization adsorption filter structure is divided into water distributing area, reaction zone and clear water zone, and its reaction zone is provided with down-mounting type anti-clogging strainer head, pebbles, micro-alkali slowly-releasing dephosphorization filtrate from bottom to top; Bottom, filter tank is provided with water distribution system, and water distribution system is made up of down-mounting type anti-clogging strainer head and filter plate, and this down-mounting type anti-clogging strainer head top arranges maintenance cap.

7. integrate the sewage water denitrification dephosphorization apparatus that physical biochemistry filters as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise aeration and back-purge system, aerating system is made up of gas blower, airline, regulated valve, air distributor, single-hole membrane aerator, online dissolved oxygen and PLC control system etc.; Back-purge system comprises back flushing blower fan, backwash pump, water distribution and gas distributing pipeline; Described back flushing blower fan is connected with PLC control system with backwash pump; Aeration and back-purge system can be connected with aerobic nitrification biological filter.

8. as described in claim 1 or 5, integrate the sewage water denitrification dephosphorization apparatus that physical biochemistry filters, it is characterized in that: in the denitrification system of anoxic denitrification Sheng Wulvchi aerobic nitrification biological filter, arrange online nitrate nitrogen monitoring instrument, online NH 3 instrument, online dissolved oxygen monitor table, the data of described monitoring instrument monitoring control the backflow water yield of return-flow system and the air demand of aerating system by PLC control system.

9. integrate the sewage water denitrification dephosphorization apparatus that physical biochemistry filters as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: mechanical cleaning device is set in physical filtering pond.

10. integrate the sewage water denitrification dephosphorization apparatus that physical biochemistry filters as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: in physical filtering pond, be also provided with online ultrasonic solution potential difference instrument.