CN204887616U - A solar light control lighting circuit - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a light -operated lighting circuit of solar energy, include: supply circuit, it includes and is used for solar photovoltaic board and the deposit of solar energy conversion for the electric energy the battery of the electric energy that the solar photovoltaic board produced, hold the feeder ear of battery output end as supply circuit, light -operated circuit, it includes photosensitive circuit and relay, photosensitive circuit by the storage battery power supply to, the light intensity of its response controls when being less than the default the relay joint, supply circuit's feeder ear is connected to the relay for the one end of joint, the constant current source, its input is connected the relay is connected lighting device and is its power supply for the other end of joint, its output to light lighting device. The utility model discloses can alleviate environmental pollution, reduce electric power and lay the expense spending, the illumination is stable, energy -conserving.

Description

A solar light control lighting circuit

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of solar power supply, in particular to a light control lighting circuit powered by solar energy.

Background technique

Traditional circuit lighting methods, especially street lights, have disadvantages such as excessive power consumption caused by human factors, unclean energy used, and high cost of building a power grid. Solar energy (Solar Energy), generally refers to the radiant energy of sunlight, which can be used to generate electricity. Solar energy has many advantages such as abundant resources, free use, no need for transportation, and no pollution to the environment. It has brought society into an era of clean energy that saves energy and reduces pollution. With the development of modern science and technology, solar energy, a clean energy, will surely be popularized into people's homes. At this stage, solar energy can be used to provide power for most of the lighting and outdoor street lighting. Traditional thermal power generation can effectively reduce environmental pollution, and the cost of setting up solar light control circuits is much more economical and environmentally friendly than traditional circuits. There is still a need for a new solar-powered lighting circuit that can save energy and provide stable lighting.

Utility model content

The problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a solar light-controlled lighting circuit, which can reduce environmental pollution, reduce electricity laying costs, and provide stable lighting and energy saving.

In order to solve the above problems, the utility model proposes a solar light control lighting circuit, including:

A power supply circuit, which includes a solar photovoltaic panel for converting solar energy into electrical energy and a storage battery for storing the electric energy generated by the solar photovoltaic panel, and the output terminal of the storage battery is used as the power supply terminal of the power supply circuit;

A light control circuit, which includes a photosensitive circuit and a relay, the photosensitive circuit is powered by the storage battery, and controls the engagement of the relay when the light intensity induced by it is lower than a preset value, and one end of the relay is connected to the power supply for engagement the power supply side of the circuit;

The input end of the constant current source is connected to the other end of the relay for connecting, and the output end is connected to the lighting device to supply power for lighting the lighting device.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the power supply circuit further includes a protection circuit, including:

A three-terminal voltage regulator, the input end of which is connected to the solar photovoltaic panel, and its ground end is grounded;

a first diode, the anode of which is connected to the output terminal of the three-terminal regulator;

The anode of the second diode is connected to the cathode of the first diode, and its cathode is connected to the anode of the accumulator, the anode of the accumulator serves as the power supply terminal of the power supply circuit, and the anode of the accumulator is grounded.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the solar photovoltaic panel is composed of two 9V photovoltaic panels connected in series, the storage battery is composed of three Ni-MH rechargeable batteries connected in series, and the model of the three-terminal voltage regulator is 7815.

According to an embodiment of the utility model, the light control circuit includes:

A photoresistor, the first end of which is connected to the power supply end of the power supply circuit, which is in a low-resistance state under a certain amount of light;

a first resistor, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the photoresistor;

A second resistor, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the photoresistor, the resistance of the second resistor is much greater than the resistance of the first resistor;

An NPN transistor, the base of which is connected to the second end of the first resistor, the emitter of which is connected to the second end of the second resistor, and the collector of which controls the control end of the relay.

According to an embodiment of the utility model, the light control circuit further includes:

The third diode, its anode is connected to the power supply terminal of the power supply circuit, and its cathode is connected to the first end of the photoresistor;

a fourth diode, the anode of which is connected to the power supply terminal of the power supply circuit, and the cathode of which is connected to one end of the relay for engagement;

The fifth diode, its cathode is connected to one end of the relay for engagement, and its anode is connected to the other end of the relay for engagement.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the lighting device includes at least one light-emitting diode, the positive pole of the light-emitting diode is connected to the positive pole of the output terminal of the constant current source, and the negative pole of the light-emitting diode is connected to the output of the constant current source terminal negative.

After adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the utility model has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: the solar photovoltaic panel is used to generate electricity and the storage battery is used to realize power supply, and the photosensitive circuit is used to control the relay to engage when the light intensity is high and to disconnect at other times. The lighting device does not work when it is disconnected, thereby reducing unnecessary energy waste. The lighting device is driven by a constant current source. Generally speaking, the driving lighting device will be driven by a current-limiting resistor. The current-limiting resistor itself has energy consumption, so a constant current is used. The drive is more energy-efficient than the constant-voltage drive, and the lighting device can work normally and stably without being affected by changes in external impedance.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural block diagram of the solar light control lighting circuit of an embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the light control circuit of an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the connection between the constant current source and the lighting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the above purpose, features and advantages of the present utility model more obvious and understandable, the specific implementation of the present utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from those described here, and those skilled in the art can do similar promotions without violating the connotation of the utility model, so the utility model is not limited by the specific implementation disclosed below .

FIG. 1 shows a solar light control lighting circuit of the present invention, including a power supply circuit 1 , a light control circuit 2 , a constant current source 23 and a lighting device 24 . Solar power is used to generate clean energy. The light control circuit 21 controls the lighting device 24 to work only in the dark, and a constant current source is used as the drive of the lighting device 24, which is more energy-saving and stable lighting.

Specifically, the power supply circuit 1 includes a solar photovoltaic panel 11 and a storage battery 13. The solar photovoltaic panel 11 can also be called a photovoltaic panel or a solar panel, and can convert solar energy into electrical energy. The output end of the solar photovoltaic panel 11 is connected to the storage battery 13, and The converted electric energy is stored in the storage battery 13, and the output terminal of the storage battery 13 is used as the power supply terminal of the power supply circuit 1, and is used as a DC power supply for subsequent circuits.

The light control circuit 2 includes a photosensitive circuit 21 and a relay 22. The photosensitive circuit 21 is powered by the battery 13. The photosensitive circuit 21 can sense light intensity. When the light intensity induced by the photosensitive circuit 21 is lower than a preset value, the relay 22 is controlled to engage, that is to say When the surrounding environment is relatively dark, the photosensitive circuit 21 controls the relay 22 to engage, and one end of the relay 22 for engaging is connected to the power supply end of the power supply circuit 1, and the other end is used for connecting to the constant current source 23, that is to say, at the end of the engaging of the relay 22 At this time, the constant current source 23 can receive the voltage of the battery 13 to drive the lighting device 24 to work.

The input end of the constant current source 23 is connected to the other end of the relay 22 for engaging, and the output end is connected to the lighting device 24 to supply power to light the lighting device 24 . The driving of the constant current source 23 is more energy-saving than the constant voltage driving, and will not be affected by the change of the load resistance, so the lighting is more stable.

Further, referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 , the power supply circuit further includes a protection circuit 12, and the protection circuit 12 includes: a three-terminal voltage regulator VOL, a diode D1 and a diode D2. The input terminal of the three-terminal voltage regulator VOL is connected to the solar photovoltaic panel 11, and the ground terminal of the three-terminal voltage regulator VOL is grounded; the positive pole of the diode D1 is connected to the output terminal of the three-terminal voltage regulator VOL; the positive pole of the diode D2 is connected to the diode D1 The negative pole of the diode D2 is connected to the positive pole of the battery 13, the positive pole of the battery 13 is used as the power supply terminal VCC of the power supply circuit 1, and the negative pole of the battery 13 is grounded. During the daytime, sunlight shines on the solar photovoltaic panel 11, and the solar photovoltaic panel 11 converts light energy into electrical energy. Through the three-terminal voltage regulator VOL and diodes D1 and D2, the actual charging voltage of the battery 13 does not exceed its rated charging voltage. In addition, considering that at night, the electric energy in the battery 13 may flow back to the solar photovoltaic panel 11 to form a current, so Connecting the diodes D1 and D2 in series in the power supply circuit can also prevent the electric energy of the storage battery 13 from flowing reversely to the solar photovoltaic panel 11 at night.

In a preferred embodiment, the solar photovoltaic panel 11 is formed by connecting two 9V photovoltaic panels in series, and the storage battery 13 is formed by connecting three Ni-MH rechargeable batteries in series. The Ni-MH rechargeable battery has no memory effect and can A Ni-MH rechargeable battery that stores more electric energy. The Ni-MH rechargeable battery has a longer service life than other rechargeable batteries. The model of the three-terminal voltage regulator VOL is, for example, 7815. Sunlight shines on the solar photovoltaic panel 11 during the day, and the solar photovoltaic panel 11 converts light energy into electrical energy to charge the Ni-MH rechargeable battery, and the Ni-MH rechargeable battery converts the obtained electrical energy into chemical energy and stores it. Preferably, the Ni-MH rechargeable battery model used is 18650 (when there is no light or the light is dim at night, the circuit between the load circuit and the Ni-MH rechargeable battery will be turned on, and the Ni-MH rechargeable battery will convert the stored chemical energy The voltage of each Ni-MH rechargeable battery is 4.2V after it is fully charged, and its full capacity is 2000mah. The voltage of three fully-charged Ni-MH rechargeable batteries in series is 12.6V. So its charging voltage must not exceed 13.6V.

The solar photovoltaic panel 11 is composed of two 9V solar panels connected in series. The output voltage is 18V, which is different from the 12.6V voltage of the Ni-MH rechargeable battery. The 18V voltage output by 11 is reduced to 15V, and diodes D1 and D2 handle the higher voltage, and finally stabilize the charging voltage at 13.6V, which can meet the 12.6V voltage required for standard charging. The voltage provided by two solar photovoltaic panels 11, After step-down processing, it can output 100ma current to continuously charge the battery. It can be seen that the protection circuit 12 not only protects the power supply circuit, but also functions as a voltage drop.

Further, referring to FIG. 3 , the light control circuit 2 may include: a photosensitive resistor RL, a resistor R2 , a resistor R1 , an NPN transistor Q2 , and a relay 22 . Among them, the first end of the photoresistor RL is connected to the power supply terminal VCC of the power supply circuit 1, and the photoresistor RL is in a low resistance state under a certain light; the first end of the resistor R2 is connected to the second end of the photoresistor RL; the resistor R1, Its first end is connected to the second end of the photoresistor RL. The resistance value of the resistor R1 is much larger than the resistance value of the resistor R2. The resistance of NPN triode Q2 is connected to the second terminal of resistor R2 at its base, its emitter is connected to the second terminal of resistor R1, and its collector controls the control terminal of relay 22 .

During the day, the photoresistor RL irradiated by sunlight is in a low resistance state, which is negligible compared with the resistor R1, and the current of the resistor R2 is less than the current. The voltage of the base and emitter of the NPN transistor Q2 is similar, and the NPN transistor Q2 cannot If it is turned on, the relay 22 cannot be closed, the storage battery 13 cannot supply power to the constant current source, and the lighting device 24 cannot be turned on. When night comes or when the light is dim and there is no light, the photosensitive resistor RL presents a high-resistance state, the photosensitive resistor RL gets a voltage, R2 gets a current, and the NPN transistor Q2 gets a current conduction, which triggers the coil of the relay 22, making the relay 22 normally open When the contacts are engaged, the storage battery 13 supplies power to the constant current source 23 , and then the lighting device 24 is turned on.

In one embodiment, considering the voltage provided by the Ni-MH rechargeable battery, a 12V relay 22 is used, and the NPN transistor Q2 is an NPN 9013 transistor to meet the requirements of circuit design. Resistors R1 and R2 respectively adopt the resistance values of 100K and 1K to ensure the normal operation of the circuit.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 3 , further, the light control circuit 2 further includes: diodes D3 , D4 , and D5 . The anode of the diode D3 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC of the power supply circuit 1, the cathode of the diode D3 is connected to the first terminal of the photoresistor RL; the anode of the diode D5 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC of the power supply circuit 1, and the cathode of the diode D5 is connected to the relay 22 for bonding One end of the diode D4; the cathode of the diode D4 is connected to one end of the relay 22 for engagement, and the anode of the diode D4 is connected to the other end of the relay 22 for engagement.

In the light control circuit 2, the three components of the diodes D3, D4, and D5 also function as a considerable protection circuit. The diode D3 is connected in the circuit, which can prevent the circuit from being damaged if the electrodes of the power supply are reversed. Diodes D4 and D5 play the role of separating the coil of relay 22 from other circuits. In the circuit, the coil of relay 22 may generate high voltage, so diodes D4 and D5 have become indispensable. They are to prevent This uncertain high voltage can damage other circuits.

Referring to Fig. 4, in one embodiment, the illuminating device 24 comprises at least one light-emitting diode, four light-emitting diodes LED1, LED2, LED3, LED4 connected in parallel are shown in the figure, the anode connection of light-emitting diode LED1, LED2, LED3, LED4 The positive pole of the output terminal of the constant current source 23 , and the negative poles of the light emitting diodes LED1 , LED2 , LED3 , LED4 are connected to the negative pole of the output terminal of the constant current source 23 . In FIG. 4 , it also includes a switch S connected before the constant current source 23 , which is used to manually control the lighting device 24 to work in the dark or in dark conditions.

Although the utility model is disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not used to limit the claims, and any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, so The scope of protection of the utility model shall be defined by the claims of the utility model.

Claims (6)

1. A solar light-controlled lighting circuit, characterized in that, comprising: A power supply circuit, which includes a solar photovoltaic panel for converting solar energy into electrical energy and a storage battery for storing the electric energy generated by the solar photovoltaic panel, and the output terminal of the storage battery is used as the power supply terminal of the power supply circuit; A light control circuit, which includes a photosensitive circuit and a relay, the photosensitive circuit is powered by the storage battery, and controls the engagement of the relay when the light intensity induced by it is lower than a preset value, and one end of the relay is connected to the power supply for engagement the power supply side of the circuit; The input end of the constant current source is connected to the other end of the relay for connecting, and the output end is connected to the lighting device to supply power for lighting the lighting device. 2. The solar light-controlled lighting circuit according to claim 1, wherein the power supply circuit further comprises a protection circuit, comprising: A three-terminal voltage regulator, the input end of which is connected to the solar photovoltaic panel, and its ground end is grounded; a first diode, the anode of which is connected to the output terminal of the three-terminal regulator; The anode of the second diode is connected to the cathode of the first diode, and its cathode is connected to the anode of the accumulator, the anode of the accumulator serves as the power supply terminal of the power supply circuit, and the anode of the accumulator is grounded. 3. The solar light-controlled lighting circuit as claimed in claim 2, wherein the solar photovoltaic panel is formed by connecting two 9V photovoltaic panels in series, and the storage battery is formed by connecting three Ni-MH rechargeable batteries in series. The model number of the three-terminal regulator is 7815. 4. The solar light control lighting circuit according to claim 1, wherein the light control circuit comprises: A photoresistor, the first end of which is connected to the power supply end of the power supply circuit, which is in a low-resistance state under a certain amount of light; a first resistor, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the photoresistor; A second resistor, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the photoresistor, the resistance of the second resistor is much greater than the resistance of the first resistor; An NPN transistor, the base of which is connected to the second end of the first resistor, the emitter of which is connected to the second end of the second resistor, and the collector of which controls the control end of the relay. 5. The solar light control lighting circuit according to claim 4, wherein the light control circuit further comprises: The third diode, its anode is connected to the power supply terminal of the power supply circuit, and its cathode is connected to the first end of the photoresistor; a fourth diode, the anode of which is connected to the power supply terminal of the power supply circuit, and the cathode of which is connected to one end of the relay for engagement; The fifth diode, its cathode is connected to one end of the relay for engagement, and its anode is connected to the other end of the relay for engagement. 6. The solar light-controlled lighting circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lighting device comprises at least one light emitting diode, the positive pole of the light emitting diode is connected to the positive pole of the output terminal of the constant current source, and the light emitting diode The negative pole of the constant current source is connected to the negative pole of the output end of the constant current source.