CN204880408U - 一种空气净化装置 - Google Patents
一种空气净化装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN204880408U CN204880408U CN201520471370.3U CN201520471370U CN204880408U CN 204880408 U CN204880408 U CN 204880408U CN 201520471370 U CN201520471370 U CN 201520471370U CN 204880408 U CN204880408 U CN 204880408U
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- air
- cleaning unit
- catalyst module
- uviol lamp
- loaded catalyst
- Prior art date
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ozone Chemical compound 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[O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N AI2O3 Inorganic materials 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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种空气净化装置，包括壳体，分别设于壳体两端的进风口和出风口，所述壳体内部进风口和出风口之间依次设置有初效过滤网、静电除尘器、至少一组紫外灯组、至少一个负载型催化剂模块和引风机，所述初效过滤网、静电除尘器和负载型催化剂模块均沿壳体径向设置，所述紫外灯组与负载型催化剂模块之间区域形成光催化协同臭氧催化腔室。该装置能通过紫外光催化氧化和臭氧催化氧化的协同作用来净化空气。
Description
技术领域
[0001] 本实用新型属于空气净化技术领域，具体涉及一种空气净化装置。
背景技术
[0002] 人类每天平均有80%以上时间在室内度过，室内空气质量对人体健康及其重要。在发展中国家，室内空气污染尤为严重，污染物浓度较户外高10倍，是导致健康欠佳和过早死亡的主要原因。我国每年由室内空气污染引起的死亡人数已达11.1万人。目前室内空气净化技术功效有限、且主要集中于颗粒物去除，而对于致癌、致病的苯系物、甲醛和细菌等复合污染物存在较大局限，缺乏简单、高效、经济、稳定的方法。在发展中国家，室内空气污染尤为严重，污染物浓度通常较户外高10倍以上，是导致健康欠佳和过早死亡的主要原因。
[0003] 目前市场上的空气净化器处理手段可分为过滤式、吸附式、络合式、化学催化式、光催化式、静电式、负离子式、等离子式，对多功能式空气净化器总净化效能的评价是对该空气净化器针对各种污染物产生洁净空气量的总和标定。空气净化器净化室内空气的技术手段分为两类，一是针对可吸入颗粒物的过滤、吸附技术二十针对有害气体的氧化处理技术。过滤器吸收化学烟雾、细菌、尘埃微粒及花粉，经HEPA过滤后能够除去。HEPA滤网的优点是有效安全，是去除空气中颗粒污染物的最主要技术，但缺点是只能滤除悬浮微粒、无法滤除有害气体。近年新兴的空气净化器新技术中针对占有害气体主体的VOC的处理技术主要有高效催化及光催化技术、负离子技术、等离子体净化技术等处理技术。传统的活性炭吸附以及新近发展起来的光催化技术、低温等离子体技术等处理技术为空气净化器净化VOCs作出积极贡献，但这些技术由于本身的局限性以及VOCs的复杂多样性，难以经济、长效地去除VOCs，均存在一定的不足，不能满足当前日益严格的室内空气质量标准以及人民群众对改善空气质量的迫切要求。例如，采用活性炭吸附的空气净化器净化寿命有限，在活性炭吸附饱和后就失去了空气净化效果，而等离子体寿命较短且会产生臭氧对人体有害。
实用新型内容
[0004] 本实用新型的目的是提供一种空气净化装置，该装置通过紫外光催化氧化和臭氧催化氧化的协同作用来净化空气。
[0005] 本实用新型的上述目的通过如下技术方案来实现的:一种空气净化装置，包括壳体，分别设于壳体两端的进风口和出风口，所述壳体内部进风口和出风口之间依次设置有初效过滤网、静电除尘器、至少一组紫外灯组、至少一个负载型催化剂模块和引风机，所述初效过滤网、静电除尘器和负载型催化剂模块均沿壳体径向设置，所述紫外灯组与负载型催化剂模块之间区域形成光催化协同臭氧催化腔室。
[0006] 本实用新型的空气净化装置设置有初效过滤网和静电除尘器，气体经过初效过滤网和静电除尘器，可以吸附、截留气体中的颗粒物；本实用新型的空气净化装置还设置有至少一组紫外灯组和至少一个负载型催化剂模块，紫外灯组能产生臭氧、氧自由基，并能发出紫外光，与空气中的污染物进行气相反应，通过光解、自由基氧化、臭氧氧化作用净化空气中的污染物质，同时能杀菌消毒，当气体进入负载型催化剂模块中，同时发生气固催化反应，在利用和消除臭氧的基础上，通过光催化氧化和臭氧催化氧化的协同强化作用进一步降解污染物质为无毒的CO2和水。
[0007]即本实用新型联合利用真空紫外光催化降解污染物和臭氧的催化氧化活性的多重效应，高效利用真空紫外灯的光降解、光催化，自由基氧化、臭氧氧化、臭氧催化氧化的协同作用，尤其是臭氧催化氧化的高效矿化作用，充分利用臭氧，避免资源浪费。
[0008] 该空气净化装置利用紫外光催化氧化和臭氧催化氧化交替协同作用来高效净化空气，能解决传统治理降解不彻底，存在二次污染等问题，采用真空紫外光催化和臭氧催化氧化协同净化装置，充分利用负载型催化剂模块臭氧催化氧化的高效矿化作用，有效提高光催化效率和稳定性，避免臭氧资源的浪费，具有模块化设计、工艺简单、高效稳定、降解彻底、安全可靠、成本和能耗低等优点，可广泛应用于室内空气净化领域。
[0009] 作为本实用新型的一种改进，根据空气污染程度当空气污染程度较高时，所述的静电除尘器和紫外灯组之间还设置有沿壳体径向设置的高效过滤器。
[0010] 作为本实用新型的另一种或更进一步的改进:当室内气体中污染物浓度较高时，或者针对工业气体时，所述的初效过滤网和静电除尘器之间还设有臭氧发生器。
[0011] 作为本实用新型的另一种改进或更进一步的改进，当需要提高室内环境空气温度时，所述的紫外灯组和负载型催化剂模块之间还设有加热器，可以将气体温度升高至25-55 cC。
[0012] 本实用新型所述的负载型催化剂模块包括载体和均匀负载在载体上的活性催化剂，所述的载体为分子筛、活性氧化铝或S12，所述的活性催化剂为过渡金属改性T12，所述的过渡金属为Mn、Co、Ni和Cu中的一种或几种。
[0013] 本实用新型所述的紫外灯组为波长为185nm的真空紫外灯组。
[0014] 本实用新型所述的引风机设置在靠近出风口处。
[0015] 本实用新型中，初效过滤网、静电除尘器、紫外灯组、负载型催化剂模块可以单独设置或者集成为一体化结构，设置于室内空气净化设备中，也可以设置在空调系统中。
[0016] 根据空气污染程度可适当增减紫外灯组数量和功率，以及负载型催化剂模块的数量。
[0017] 本实用新型中，当污染物浓度较低时，可以关闭部分紫外灯组，或采用少数负载型催化剂模块；当污染物浓度较高时，可以增加紫外灯组数量和增加负载型催化剂模块数量，同时增设臭氧发生器。
[0018] 与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下优点:
[0019] (I)本实用新型提出的一种空气净化装置，解决了传统光降解和光催化技术中降解效率低、降解不彻底易产生中间产物造成二次污染和臭氧副产物潜在风险等问题，同时避免了臭氧资源的浪费；
[0020] (2)本实用新型采用利用真空紫外光催化降解污染物和臭氧的催化氧化活性的多重效应，高效利用真空紫外灯的光降解、光催化，自由基和臭氧氧化、臭氧催化氧化的协同作用，矿化率高、降解彻底、高效稳定；
[0021] (3)本实用新型中的空气净化装置中的负载型催化剂模块高效解决了净化器中普遍存在的残余臭氧问题，同时应用领域广泛、灵活多变。
附图说明
[0022]图1为本实用新型实施例1中的空气净化装置的结构示意图；
[0023] 图2为本实用新型实施例2中的空气净化装置的结构示意图；
[0024]图3为本实用新型实施例3中的空气净化装置的结构示意图；
[0025] 图4为本实用新型实施例4中的空气净化装置的结构示意图；
[0026] 附图标记说明:
[0027] 1、壳体；11、进风口； 2、初效过滤网；3、静电除尘器；4、紫外灯组；5、光催化协同臭氧催化腔室；6、负载型催化剂模块；7、引风机；8、臭氧发生器；9、加热器；12、出风
□ O
具体实施方式
[0028] 实施例1
[0029] 如图1所示，本实用新型提供的一种空气净化装置，包括壳体1，分别设于壳体两端的进风口 11和出风口 12，壳体I内部进风口 11和出风口 12之间依次设置有初效过滤网2、静电除尘器3、至少一组紫外灯组4、至少一个负载型催化剂模块6和引风机7，初效过滤网2、静电除尘器3和负载型催化剂模块6均沿壳体径向设置，紫外灯组4与负载型催化剂模块6之间区域形成光催化协同臭氧催化腔室5。
[0030]负载型催化剂模块6包括载体和均匀负载在载体上的活性催化剂，载体为HY分子筛，活性催化剂为过渡金属Mn改性T12。
[0031]负载型催化剂模块6可以采用采用现有技术中的浸渍法、溶胶凝胶法或水热合成法等方法制成。
[0032] 紫外灯组4为波长为185nm的一组真空紫外灯组，数量2只。
[0033] 引风机7设置在靠近出风口 12处。
[0034] 其中壳体可以为长方形、正方形或圆筒形结构，引风口 11的开口与出风口 12的开口形状可以相同也可以不同，本实施例中出风口 12的开口小于引风口 11的开口。
[0035] 采用本实施例中的空气净化装置净化空气的步骤如下:含有污染物的气体从进风口 11进入壳体I内，先经过初效过滤网2和静电除尘器3净化除尘去除颗粒物，然后再进入光催化协同臭氧催化腔室5，先在紫外灯组4的作用下进行气相净化反应，通过光解、自由基氧化、臭氧氧化作用净化污染物质，同时杀菌消毒，然后在紫外灯组4和负载型催化剂模块6的作用下进行气固反应，通过光催化氧化和臭氧催化氧化的协同强化作用进一步降解污染物质为无毒的CO2和水，同时臭氧得以利用和消除。
[0036] 该空气净化装置运行时，先开启引风机7和紫外灯组4，含污染物的气体由进风口11进入经过初效过滤网2、静电除尘器3去除颗粒物等杂质后，先进入光催化协同臭氧催化腔室5，气相反应中挥发性有机污染物部分被完全降解为CO2和水，并形成适量臭氧，未被降解污染物和臭氧经过负载型催化剂模块6时，被光催化氧化和臭氧催化氧化等协同作用，进一步被氧化成CO2和水，气体得以净化后通过出气口排放环境中，运行过程，净化效果稳定、净化效率高达100%。
[0037] 实施例2
[0038] 与实施例1不同的是，如图2中所示，当空气污染程度较高时，静电除尘器3和紫外灯组4之间还设置有沿壳体径向设置的高效过滤器(图中未显示)，同时在初效过滤网2和静电除尘器3之间还设有臭氧发生器8。
[0039] 实施例3
[0040] 实施例1不同的是，如图3中所示，当空气温度较低时，为了提高空气净化器的净化效率，紫外灯组4和负载型催化剂模块6之间还设有加热器9。
[0041 ]负载型催化剂模块6包括载体和均匀负载在载体上的活性催化剂，载体为MCM-41分子筛，活性催化剂为过渡金属Co改性T12。
[0042] 实施例4
[0043] 实施例1不同的是，如图4中所示，当气体中污染物程度较高时，在初效过滤网2和静电除尘器3之间还设有臭氧发生器8，紫外灯组4和负载型催化剂模块6之间还设有加热器9，加热器9应尽量设置在靠近负载型催化剂模块6设置处以便于提高进入负载型催化剂模块6中气体的温度，提高催化净化效率，同时应与紫外灯组4保持安全距离，以避免对紫外灯组4造成危害。
[0044] 本实用新型的上述实施例并不是对本实用新型保护范围的限定，本实用新型的实施方式不限于此，凡此种种根据本实用新型的上述内容，按照本领域的普通技术知识和惯用手段，在不脱离本实用新型上述基本技术思想前提下，对本实用新型上述结构做出的其它多种形式的修改、替换或变更，均应落在本实用新型的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种空气净化装置，包括壳体，分别设于壳体两端的进风口和出风口，其特征是:所述壳体内部进风口和出风口之间依次设置有初效过滤网、静电除尘器、至少一组紫外灯组、至少一个负载型催化剂模块和引风机，所述初效过滤网、静电除尘器和负载型催化剂模块均沿壳体径向设置，所述紫外灯组与负载型催化剂模块之间区域形成光催化协同臭氧催化腔室。
2.根据权利要求1所述的空气净化装置，其特征是:所述的静电除尘器和紫外灯组之间还设置有沿壳体径向设置的高效过滤器。
3.根据权利要求1所述的空气净化装置，其特征是:所述的初效过滤网和静电除尘器之间还设有臭氧发生器。
4.根据权利要求1所述的空气净化装置，其特征是:所述的紫外灯组和负载型催化剂模块之间还设有加热器。
5.根据权利要求3所述的空气净化装置，其特征是:所述的紫外灯组和负载型催化剂模块之间还设有加热器。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的空气净化装置，其特征是:所述的负载型催化剂模块包括载体和均匀负载在载体上的活性催化剂，所述的载体为分子筛、活性氧化铝或S12,所述的活性催化剂为过渡金属改性T12,所述的过渡金属为Mn、Co、Ni和Cu中的一种或几种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的空气净化装置，其特征是:所述的紫外灯组为波长为185nm的真空紫外灯组。
8.根据权利要求1所述的空气净化装置，其特征是:所述的引风机设置在靠近出风口处。
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