CN204832835U - Large -scale office buildings intelligence power consumption electrical control system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a large-scale office building intelligent electric appliance control system, including an intelligent electricity utilization and energy optimization monitoring center, the intelligent electricity utilization and energy optimization monitoring center communicates with a wireless router through the network, and the energy utilization and energy optimization monitoring center communicates through the network Communicate with the data server, the wireless router communicates with the floor gateway, the router communicates through the floor gateway, and the floor gateway communicates with multiple building internal monitoring centers wirelessly; the utility model is an intelligent electrical control system controlled by MSP430F149 single-chip microcomputer as the core, the system It has the characteristics of high precision, low cost, simple structure, low power consumption, etc., and has an optimized program, which has high practicability.

Description

Large-scale office building intelligent electrical appliance control system

technical field

The utility model relates to a large-scale office building intelligent electric appliance control system.

Background technique

With the improvement of people's living standards, building energy consumption will show a continuous and rapid growth trend, which will intensify the contradiction between my country's energy resource supply and economic and social development, and eventually lead to energy shortages in the whole society. Reducing building energy consumption and implementing building energy conservation play a pivotal role in promoting the conservation and rational use of energy resources and alleviating the contradiction between my country's energy supply and economic and social development. It is an important measure to implement the scientific concept of development. Therefore, how to reduce building energy consumption, improve energy utilization efficiency, and implement building energy conservation are major issues that need to be studied and solved urgently for my country's sustainable development.

According to the China Building Energy Conservation Annual Development Research Report, it is known that my country's building energy consumption accounts for 18.8% of the total energy consumption of the society. With the rapid development of my country's economy, the problem of high energy consumption in government office buildings and large public buildings has become increasingly prominent. At present, my country's annual completed construction area is about 2 billion square meters, of which about 400 million square meters are public buildings. Large-scale public buildings with an area of more than 20,000 square meters account for less than 4% of the urban construction area, but energy consumption accounts for more than 20% of building energy consumption, and the power consumption per unit area is 10 to 15 times that of ordinary residential buildings .

my country's smart electricity technology is an important part of building a strong smart grid. Its core is to realize intelligent services, meet the diversified needs of users, realize stable and reliable power supply, economic security, and build power flow and information flow between the grid and customers. , A new type of power supply and consumption relationship with real-time interaction of business flows. Change the way users use energy, promote energy conservation and emission reduction, and increase the proportion of clean electricity in final energy consumption. Therefore, the quality of smart power construction is directly related to the energy efficiency, economic operation and orderly power consumption of the power grid.

The current intelligent intelligent control of buildings is mainly in two situations: one is that the intelligent control reaches the building distribution box or the floor distribution box, and cannot control every socket and switch in each room; Each switch is controlled, but it can only be called a smart home system, which is for home applications, not for building master control.

Utility model content

In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model discloses a large-scale office building intelligent electric appliance control system, which has the characteristics of high precision, low cost, simple structure, low power consumption, etc., and has high practicability. This application conforms to the development trend of information technology.

In order to achieve the above object, the concrete scheme of the present utility model is as follows:

Large-scale office building intelligent electrical appliances control system, including intelligent power consumption and energy optimization monitoring center, intelligent power consumption and energy optimization monitoring center communicates with wireless routers through the network, intelligent power consumption and energy optimization monitoring center communicates with data servers through the network, The wireless router communicates with the floor gateway, and the floor gateway communicates with multiple building internal monitoring centers through wireless means;

The building internal monitoring center includes room controllers, which communicate with smart sensors, smart lighting systems and smart electrical systems respectively;

The wireless router accesses the video of the camera and uploads the control video to the smart power consumption and energy optimization monitoring center through the LAN; the floor gateway collects the information of each room through wireless communication, and then uploads it to the smart power consumption and energy optimization monitoring center through the LAN At the same time, the information and commands from the LAN are transmitted to the controlled equipment in the room through the room controller to realize equipment control and information collection.

The intelligent power consumption and energy optimization monitoring center also communicates with the switch through the network. The switch communicates with the hot water optimization control system, the electric energy optimization control system and the thermal energy optimization control system respectively. The hot water optimization control system controls the electric water heating system and the solar water heating system respectively. , The power optimization control system controls the power system, solar energy system and wind energy system respectively, and the thermal energy optimization control system controls the central air conditioning system and the ground source heat pump system respectively.

The room controller also communicates with the smart switch, the smart dimming switch and the smart remote controller respectively. The smart switch is a switch for touching the smart control lamp; the room controller controls the lamp in real time through the ZigBee communication module; The light switch is used to control the lights to brighten or dim, and the smart remote control is an infrared transponder.

The infrared transponder is mainly composed of a main control module, an infrared receiving module, an infrared transmitting module and a data storage module, and the main control module, the infrared receiving module, the infrared transmitting module and the data storage module all communicate with the CC2530 chip.

The intelligent switch includes an optocoupler chip, the input end of the optocoupler chip is connected with a thyristor, and the thyristor is also connected in parallel with a filter circuit composed of capacitors and resistors connected in series, and the output end of the coupler chip is connected with a two-stage current drive circuit.

Both smart switches and smart dimmer switches are used to control lighting fixtures. Smart switches have the function of turning on and off the lights. and other adjustable brightness lamps are effective).

A node communication method for a large-scale office building intelligent electric appliance control system, including:

After the wireless sensor node is powered on and completes the program initialization, it sends a network access request to the gateway device, and the gateway responds to the node's network access request and allocates the corresponding network address. The address is allocated from 1, and then the node enters the waiting synchronization state;

After receiving the synchronization frame sent by the gateway, the node enters the sensor data collection and processing state. After completing the sensor data collection and processing, the data is packaged and packaged. If the node address is equal to 1, it directly enters the sending data state. If the node The node whose address is greater than 1 enters the dormant state first, and wakes up the node to send data when the sending time slot arrives;

After sending the data, wait for the gateway confirmation. If the gateway confirmation is received at the end of the time slot, it will directly enter the dormant state. If the gateway confirmation is not received at the end of the time slot, the data will be sent for the second time. Enter the dormant state, wake up before the next cycle, and wait for the synchronization frame to start the next working cycle.

Working principle: The room controller installed in each room receives the commands sent by the gateway through wireless, and then forwards them to the corresponding switches and sockets in the room. The same goes for reverse communication.

The beneficial effects of the utility model:

The utility model is an intelligent electrical control system controlled by MSP430F149 single-chip microcomputer as the core. The system has the characteristics of high precision, low cost, simple structure, low power consumption, etc., and the additional optimized program has high practicability. The design fully complies with the development trend of information technology.

Description of drawings

The network structure of the system of Fig. 1 the utility model;

Fig. 2 The structural diagram of the intelligent power consumption and energy optimization system of the building;

Figure 3 overall block diagram of the system;

Figure 4 MSP430F149MCU minimum system main chip;

Fig. 5 system block diagram of infrared forwarding module;

Figure 6CC2530 schematic diagram;

Figure 7 infrared receiving circuit;

Figure 8 infrared emission circuit;

Figure 9 switch circuit;

Fig. 10 sensor node application program flowchart;

In the figure, 1. Intelligent power consumption and energy optimization monitoring center, 2. Data server, 3. Building internal monitoring center, 4. Wireless router, 5. Floor gateway, 6. Switch, 7. Optimizing control system, 71. Hot water Optimum control system, 711. Electric water heating system, 712. Solar water heating system, 72. Electric energy optimization control system, 721 Electric power system, 722. Solar energy system, 723. Wind energy system, 73. Thermal energy optimization control system, 731. Central air conditioning system , 732, ground source heat pump system, 8, TCP/IP network.

Detailed ways:

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in detail:

The power consumption information collection and energy-saving control system for office buildings is a monitoring and control system based on the Internet. The intelligent power consumption and energy optimization monitoring center 1 located in the electric power related department monitors the intelligent power consumption and energy dispatching information of the managed buildings through the Internet, and can carry out in-depth control of the equipment within the authority, and can go deep into the interior of the room Specific light switches, etc.

The framework of the whole system network is an Internet network, and each building has a building internal monitoring center 3, and each building internal monitoring center 3 includes a central computer, which is responsible for the information monitoring and related equipment control of the entire building, and each central computer has It is connected to the external Internet through a wireless router 4, and exchanges information with the general monitoring center, that is, the intelligent power consumption and energy optimization monitoring center 1, so as to cooperate with the monitoring center to realize various monitoring and control functions. The network structure of the system is shown in Figure 1.

System composition: Inside the building is a comprehensive network structure with LAN, ZigBee, CAN, and WiFi as the main communication links. The system components inside the building include: intelligent power consumption and energy optimization monitoring center 1, data server 2, floor multimedia gateway, room controller, smart sensors based on Internet of Things technology (security, temperature, humidity, light, power, etc.), Intelligent lighting system, intelligent electrical system (electrical appliances, air conditioners, curtains, sockets, etc.), optimization control system 7, optimization control system 7 includes hot water optimization control system 71, electric energy optimization control system 72, thermal energy optimization control system 73. The hot water optimization control system 71 controls the electric water heating system 711 and the solar water heating system 712 respectively; the electric energy optimization control system 72 controls the electric power system 721, the solar system 722 and the wind energy system 723 respectively; Ground source heat pump system 732 . The structural diagram of the building's intelligent power consumption and energy optimization system is shown in Figure 2. The intelligent power consumption and energy optimization monitoring center 1 also communicates with the switch 6 through the TCP/IP network 8 . The monitoring center computer performs information exchange and control with the floor multimedia gateway, hot water optimization control system 71, electric energy optimization control system 72, and thermal energy optimization control system 73 through the local area network, and the link can be expanded through the switch.

The floor gateway 5 is provided with one on each floor, and the wireless router 4 is mainly responsible for supporting the video access of the WiFi camera, and can upload and control the video through LAN; the function of the floor gateway 5 is to collect the information of each room through ZigBee communication, Then upload it through LAN; the information and commands from LAN can also be transmitted to the room controller through ZigBee communication to the controlled device in the room (the device supporting ZigBee) to realize control and information collection.

Electrical control system: This application is based on ZigBee, with MSP430 single-chip microcomputer series (this application is to choose MSP430F149) as the main chip designed by the electrical control module of the minimum system. The system includes:

(1) Smart light wall switch

The intelligent light wall switch is a switch for touching intelligently controlled lamps; it can realize power measurement; it can control the lamps in real time through ZigBee; it can read the power and status of lamps through ZigBee. The modules that make up the smart switch are MOC3041 optocouplers. The main advantage of the optocoupler is the one-way transmission signal. The input and output terminals are completely electrically isolated, with strong anti-interference ability, long service life and high transmission efficiency. It is widely used in level conversion, signal isolation, inter-stage isolation, switch circuit, long-distance signal transmission, pulse amplification, solid state relay (SSR), instrumentation, communication equipment and microcomputer interface. Since the input impedance of the photocoupler is smaller than the impedance of the general interference source, the interference voltage at the input end of the photocoupler is small, and the current it can provide is not large, and it is not easy to make the semiconductor diode emit light; due to the photoelectric The outer casing of the coupler is sealed, and it is not affected by external light; the isolation resistance of the photocoupler is large (about 1012Ω), and the isolation capacitance is small (about a few pF), so it can prevent electromagnetic interference generated by circuit coupling. The optocoupler working in linear mode is to add a control voltage to the input terminal of the optocoupler, and a voltage for further controlling the circuit of the next stage will be generated proportionally at the output terminal. The linear optocoupler is composed of a light-emitting diode and a photosensitive triode. When the light-emitting diode is turned on, it emits light, and the photosensitive triode is turned on. The photocoupler is a current-driven type and requires a large enough current to make the light-emitting diode turn on. If the input signal Too small and the LED will not conduct and its output signal will be distorted. In a switching power supply, especially a digital switching power supply, a linear optocoupler can be used to form an optocoupler feedback circuit, and the duty cycle can be changed by adjusting the control terminal current to achieve precise voltage regulation.

(2) Smart wall dimmer switch

The smart wall dimmer switch can control the brightness and dimming of the light through ZigBee, and realize it with a bidirectional thyristor dimming circuit, including: thyristor, trigger circuit, protection resistor, power adjustment resistor, potentiometer , filter network, thermal fuse.

(3) Smart remote control

It can control the lamps, electrical equipment, and sockets in the room through ZigBee; it can realize simple custom combined scene control, such as full on, full off, video, etc.; battery power supply, mobile control. The smart remote control is an infrared transponder. The main component of the smart remote control is the smart infrared forwarding technology, including:

①Infrared receiving module: integrated infrared receiving head 1838T, when no infrared signal is received, the output of 1838T is high level, when receiving infrared signal, the output is a pulse composed of high level and low level.

②Infrared emission module: Diode and resistor power supply form a diode AND gate circuit, and the light-emitting diode is used as an infrared emission tube.

③ Data storage module: The selected Flash memory is SST25VF016B, which is 16Mbit SPISerialFlash, which can be read, written and erased under a single power supply of 2.7-3.6V.

The overall block diagram of the system is shown in Figure 3.

MSP430F149 minimum system: TI (Texas Instruments) MSP430 series microcontroller of the United States is a 16-bit mixed-signal processor with ultra-low power consumption and can work with batteries for a long time. It integrates many analog circuit peripherals and commonly used digital modules inside the chip. Usually, a single chip for general practical applications can fully meet the requirements, which can reduce the complexity of the peripheral control circuit, save the space of the PCB board, and also reduce the design cost and improve the reliability of the system. The rapid development and application range of the MSP430 series single-chip microcomputers continue to expand, and they are suitable for use in portable measurement equipment, which can extend battery life.

The CPU of MSP430F149 mainly includes the following modules: basic clock, watchdog timer, Timer_A, Timer_B, six 8-bit parallel ports (of which P1 and P2 have interrupt function), analog comparator COMPARATOR_A, 12-bit A/D converter, 2-channel serial communication interface (UART/SPI mode is selected by software), 1 hardware multiplier, 1 Flash and 2KB of RAM. The main chip of the minimum system of the MSP430F149 microprocessor is shown in Figure 4. In the crystal connection, the low-speed crystal between XIN and XOUT uses a 32768HZ watch crystal, and the high-speed crystal of 8MHZ is used between X2IN and X2OUT.

The ZigBee infrared forwarding module is the infrared repeater: the function of the infrared repeater determines that it is mainly composed of four parts: the main control module, the infrared receiving module, the infrared transmitting module and the data storage module. Figure 5 is a system block diagram of the infrared forwarding module.

ZigBee transmission uses the CC2530 chip, and Fig. 6 is a circuit schematic diagram designed by this application. All pins of CC2530 can be divided into three categories: I/O port line pins, power line pins and control line pins. I/O port line pin function: CC2530 has 21 programmable I/O port pins, P0 and P1 ports are complete 8-bit ports, and P2 port has only 5 usable bits. By setting the bits and bytes of a group of SFR registers by software, these pins can be used as normal I/0 ports or as peripheral device I/O ports connected to ADC, timer or USART components.

The infrared receiving circuit corresponding to the infrared receiving module is shown in Figure 7. The integrated infrared receiver 1838T has three pins, power supply pin, grounding pin and signal output pin. Because the gain of the 1838T internal amplifier is very large, it is easy to cause interference, so add a filter capacitor C5 to the power supply pin and connect the signal output pin to the P0_6 pin of CC2530. P0_6 is the capture/comparison pin of timer 1 and channel 4. The capture function is used here to capture infrared signals. When no infrared signal is received, the 1838T outputs a high level, and when an infrared signal is received, the output is a pulse composed of a high level and a low level.

The infrared emission circuit corresponding to the infrared emission module is shown in FIG. 8 . D4, D5, R4 and VCC form a diode AND gate circuit, and LED1 is an infrared emission tube. CCP1 is connected to the P0_4 pin of CC2530, which is used to input the infrared code corresponding to the control of home appliances (such as the air conditioner on), and CCP2 is connected to the P1_4 pin of CC2530, which is used to input the 38kHz carrier wave required for infrared transmission.

When CCP1 and CCP2 are high level at the same time, the triode is turned on, and the infrared emitting tube emits an infrared signal; if one of CCP1 and CCP2 is low level, the triode is cut off. When the triode is turned on, correctly select the resistance values of R4 and R5 to make the triode work in a saturated state, and at this time the emission power of the infrared emitting tube is maximum.

Smart light wall switch: the design of wireless smart switch can directly replace the wall switch in the home, through which it can not only be used like a normal switch, but more importantly, it can automatically connect with other bound wireless devices in the building through the built-in ZigBee module Form a wireless control network. The lighting control circuit in the wireless intelligent switch adopts the control circuit of the bidirectional thyristor controlled by the optocoupler. From the analysis of service life and switching speed, the thyristor BTA16 is selected as the main device in the control circuit. The maximum peak voltage of the BTA16 device in the off-state state is 600V, and the on-state current in the on-state state is 16A; when the BTA16 is on, the maintenance current is 40mA, the off current is 20mA, and the current rise rate is up to 50A/us. The rising rate is 250V/us. Its superior characteristics are very suitable for frequency conversion circuits, switching circuits, temperature regulation circuits, washing machines, air conditioners, etc. In order to realize the purpose of BTA16 device to control strong current, it is necessary to solve the problem of electrical isolation between strong and weak current in the circuit. Optocouplers can not only meet the problem of electrical isolation, but also solve the problem of transmission of control signals. The optocoupler internally isolates the high voltage between the input and output sides through the characteristics of light transmission; the optocoupler can not only transmit DC signals, but also transmit AC signals, and the output side has a certain current output capability. The optocoupler in the wireless smart switch uses an optocoupler chip, and the drive current at the input end of the chip is 15mA. Therefore, a two-stage current drive circuit is used at the output end of the microprocessor to ensure that the control signal can be output stably. Figure 9 is a switch circuit.

Node communication: After the wireless sensor node is powered on and completes the program initialization, it sends a network access request to the gateway device. The gateway responds to the node's network access request and allocates the corresponding network address. The address is allocated from 1, and then the node enters the waiting synchronization state. After receiving the synchronization frame sent by the gateway, the node enters the sensor data collection and processing state. After completing the sensor data collection and processing, the data is packaged and packaged. If the node address is equal to 1, it directly enters the sending data state. If the node The node whose address is greater than 1 enters the dormant state first, and wakes up the node to send data when the sending time slot arrives. After sending the data, wait for the gateway confirmation. If the gateway confirmation is received at the end of the time slot, it will directly enter the dormant state. If the gateway confirmation is not received at the end of the time slot, the data will be sent for the second time. Enter the dormant state, wake up before the next cycle, and wait for the synchronization frame to start the next working cycle. The flowchart of the node application is shown in Figure 10.

Although the specific implementation of the utility model has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it does not limit the protection scope of the utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the utility model, those skilled in the art do not need to Various modifications or deformations that can be made with creative efforts are still within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (5)

1. larger office building intelligent electrical appliance control system, it is characterized in that, comprise intelligent power and energy source optimization Surveillance center, intelligent power and energy source optimization Surveillance center are communicated with wireless router by network, intelligent power and energy source optimization Surveillance center are communicated with data server by network, wireless router and floor gateway communication, floor gateway wirelessly with multiple building internal control center communication;

Building internal control center comprises room controller, room controller respectively with intelligent sensor, intelligent illuminating system and intelligent electric appliance system communication.

2. larger office building intelligent electrical appliance control system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, intelligent power and energy source optimization Surveillance center are also by network and switch communication, switch communicates with hot water Optimal Control System, electric energy optimizing control system and heat energy Optimal Control System respectively, hot water Optimal Control System controls electric water heating system and solar water heating system respectively, electric energy optimizing control system controls electric system, solar energy system and wind energy system respectively, and heat energy Optimal Control System controls central air conditioner system and earth-source hot-pump system respectively.

3. larger office building intelligent electrical appliance control system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described room controller also communicates with intelligent switch, intelligent dimming switch and intelligent remote controller respectively, and intelligent switch is the switch that touch intelligent controls light fixture; Room controller is controlled light fixture in real time by ZigBee communication module; Room controller carries out control realization light by intelligent dimming switch and brightens or dimmed control, and intelligent remote controller is infrared transponder.

4. larger office building intelligent electrical appliance control system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described infrared transponder primarily of main control module, infrared receiving module, infrared transmission module and data memory module composition, main control module, infrared receiving module, infrared transmission module and data memory module all with CC2530 chip communication.

5. larger office building intelligent electrical appliance control system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described intelligent switch comprises opto-coupler chip, the input end of opto-coupler chip is connected with thyristor, thyristor is also in parallel with the filtering circuit formed that is in series by electric capacity and resistance, and the output terminal of coupling chip is connected with two-stage current driving circuit.