CN204824627U - Fasciculation steel fibre of outer restraint - Google Patents
Fasciculation steel fibre of outer restraint Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN204824627U CN204824627U CN201520442422.4U CN201520442422U CN204824627U CN 204824627 U CN204824627 U CN 204824627U CN 201520442422 U CN201520442422 U CN 201520442422U CN 204824627 U CN204824627 U CN 204824627U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- constraint
- steel wire
- steel
- concrete
- wire
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 208000001308 Fasciculation Diseases 0.000 title abstract 3
- 206010028293 Muscle contractions involuntary Diseases 0.000 title abstract 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 abstract description 37
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011210 fiber-reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a fasciculation steel fibre of outer restraint to solve that the ordinary steel fibre is weak with the bonding force of concrete, the low problem of self tensile strength, further promote the steel fibre and split, increase tough effect to concrete anti. Fasciculation steel fibre of outer restraint, including the inboard main part and the periphery in the outside, wherein the tow (2. ) that forms is twisted by the fine steel wire more than 5 to the main part, and the periphery is 1-3 restraint steel wire (1. ), and restraint steel wire (1. ) retrains the twisting direction of steel wire (1. ) and the twisting opposite direction of tow (2. ) to tow (2. ) twisting restraint, fine gauge of wire is 0.18-0.25mm, and the restraint gauge of wire is 0.25-0.30mm. The utility model discloses the ordinary monofilament steel fibre that tensile strength is the same basically far above the diameter, simultaneously, will the utility model discloses mix back in the concrete, the steel fibre improves with the adhesion strength of the concrete -based body, splits, increases tough effect to concrete anti and showing.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to field of constructional engineering material, particularly a kind of steel fiber, more specifically relates to a kind of pencil steel fiber of outer constraint.
Background technology
Modern concrete is towards the future development of high performance, concrete ultimate compression strength is also more and more high, the shortcomings such as concrete fragility, cracking also become increasingly conspicuous, improve concrete cracking resistance by admixture steel fiber, toughness reinforcing performance becomes common recognition, and be used widely in highway pavement, bridge floor, industry ground slab, tunnel and hydro project etc.Current the reinforcement of concrete steel fiber is processed by the individual wire that smooth surface is straight, and common diameter is that the tensile strength of the steel fiber of 0.55 ~ 0.9mm is at 1000 ~ 1300MPa.The monofilament steel fiber that smooth surface is straight and concrete cohesive action more weak, easy unsticking in concrete; The tensile strength of steel fiber is lower, can break, can not play the object of confined concrete progress of fracture when concrete is stressed.Above 2 all can be reduced concrete cracking resistance, toughness reinforcing performance, can not be satisfied with the high performance requirements of modern concrete.
Utility model content
The utility model provides a kind of pencil steel fiber of outer constraint, to solve ordinary steel fiber and concrete bonding force is weak, self tensile strength is low problem, promotes steel fiber further to concrete cracking resistance, toughening effect.
The pencil steel fiber of described outer constraint, comprise the main part of inner side and the peripheral portion in outside, wherein main part is the fibrous bundle of being twisted by the fine steel wire of more than 5, peripheral portion is 1 ~ 3 constraint steel wire, constraint steel wire is to fibrous bundle twisting constraint, the twist direction of constraint steel wire is contrary with the twist direction of fibrous bundle, and described fine gauge of wire is 0.18 ~ 0.25mm, and constraint gauge of wire is 0.25 ~ 0.30mm.The fine steel wire twisting of wherein said main part forms the twisting mode of fibrous bundle, consider from production efficiency and cost angle, only need once to have twisted in a direction, but say from technical standpoint, also can adopt repeatedly twisting mode common in fiber process field, such as can first to single fine steel wire twisting, then twist with the fingers synthetic fiber bundle, or first to single fine steel wire twisting, some twisteds wherein become strand, fibrous bundle is obtained again by strand retwist, etc.; When described twisting mode is that when repeatedly twisting mode, the twist direction of obvious described fibrous bundle refers to last twist direction; Same, constraint steel wire also can carry out the twisting that single or multiple retrains steel wire inside before to fibrous bundle twisting constraint, as long as it is contrary with the twist direction of fibrous bundle to the direction of fibrous bundle twisting constraint.
Described fine steel wire peace treaty Shu Gangsi all adopts commercially available ordinary steel wire, and general smooth surface is straight, and cross section is circular, certainly, also can adopt special crosssection steel wire (as trilateral, rhombus etc.).When described fine steel wire peace treaty Shu Gangsi adopts smooth straight steel wire, production efficiency is the highest, and cost is minimum.
The structure of described pencil steel fiber is premised on the stable fascircular texture of satisfied formation, concrete structure parameter (as the lay pitch) can be determined through test by those skilled in the art, preferably, the fine wire pitch of fibrous bundle is 3.5 ~ 4.5mm, and the lay pitch of constraint steel wire is 2.8 ~ 3.2mm.
The physical dimension of the pencil steel fiber of described outer constraint is can meet premised on concrete service requirements, and preferably, the equivalent diameter of the pencil steel fiber of described outer constraint is 0.50 ~ 0.9mm, and nominal length is 25 ~ 60mm, and length-to-diameter ratio is 40 ~ 80.
Preferably, the tensile strength >=2000MPa of described fine steel wire, the tensile strength >=1500MPa of constraint steel wire, it is further preferred that the tensile strength >=2800MPa of described fine steel wire, the tensile strength >=2000MPa of constraint steel wire.
Preferably, fine steel wire peace treaty bundle Steel Wire Surface is all covered with copper plate.
The utility model adopts the common equipment of fabric manufacturing area and method to obtain.Concrete can be: be that more than the 5 same directions of fine steel wire of 0.18 ~ 0.25mm add and are twisted into fibrous bundle by diameter, retrain at the outer ring twist-against-twist constraint steel wire of fibrous bundle, the lay pitch is 2.8 ~ 3.2mm, and eventually sever obtains the pencil steel fiber of the outer constraint that equivalent diameter is 0.50 ~ 0.9mm, nominal length is 25 ~ 60mm.The profile of gained pencil steel fiber can according to actual operation requirements, and entirety is linear or arc or other linear, if be the shape beyond linear, then need carry out compacting shaping before cutting.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
(1) compared with straight monofilament steel fiber smooth with general surface, the pencil steel fiber of outer constraint described in the utility model is mixed after in concrete, rough surface increases steel fiber from the pull-out resistance concrete substrate, and the cohesive strength of steel fiber and concrete substrate improves;
(2) the utility model is twisted by the fine steel wire that intensity is higher and is formed main part, the common monofilament steel fiber that tensile strength is substantially identical far above diameter.
(3) after steel fiber surface is covered with copper plate, the corrosion-resistant property of steel fiber self promotes, tensile strength strengthens, thus concrete toughness is improved, and extends the work-ing life of buildings;
(4) in fibrous bundle, the length-to-diameter ratio of monofilament is larger, if scatter in concrete-agitating, the possibility of mutual winding conglomeration is very high, and outward around constraint steel wire constrain shank not disperse in concrete-agitating process, thus greatly reduce the winding clustering phenomena of steel fiber;
(5) steel wire contrary with the twist direction of main part fibrous bundle (disperse direction also contrary) is retrained, in the further constraints on fiber bundle of energy, monofilament disperses, (4), the improvement of (5) two decrease the clustering phenomena of steel fiber above, and concrete workability is good.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the pencil steel fiber of outer constraint described in the utility model, wherein
1. being the constraint steel wire of peripheral portion, is 2. the fibrous bundle of main part.
Embodiment
Further describe the utility model below in conjunction with Figure of description embodiment, but described embodiment is only for the utility model instead of restriction the utility model.
Monofilament steel fiber and pencil steel fiber performance test establishing criteria " GB/T228.1-2010 metal material stretching test first part: room temperature test method " carry out.
The material used during performance test is as follows:
Cement: ordinary Portland cement (label 42.5);
Silicon ash: SiO
2content > 92%;
II grade of flyash of flyash: conformance with standard GB/T1596-2005;
Stone: maximum particle diameter < 20mm;
Sand: fineness modulus is the medium sand of 2.5;
Water reducer: poly carboxylic acid series water reducer.
Embodiment 1
Be that 6 same directions of fine steel wire (tensile strength 3000MPa) of 0.18mm add and are twisted into fibrous bundle 2. (lay pitch 3.5mm) by diameter, fibrous bundle outer ring twist-against-twist diameter be 2. 0.25mm constraint steel wire 1. (tensile strength 2500MPa) retrain, the lay pitch is 2.8mm, and eventually sever obtains the pencil steel fiber (tensile strength 2400MPa) of the outer constraint that equivalent diameter is 0.50mm, nominal length is 25mm (length-to-diameter ratio 50).
Comparative example 1
Commercially available monofilament steel fiber, diameter 0.50mm, length 25mm, length-to-diameter ratio 50, tensile strength 1250MPa.
Embodiment 2
Be that 5 same directions of fine steel wire (tensile strength 2850MPa) of 0.25mm add and are twisted into fibrous bundle 2. (lay pitch 4.0mm) by diameter, fibrous bundle outer ring twist-against-twist diameter be 2. 0.27mm constraint steel wire 1. (tensile strength 2350MPa) retrain, the lay pitch is 2.7mm, and eventually sever obtains the pencil steel fiber (tensile strength 2300MPa) of the outer constraint that equivalent diameter is 0.62mm, nominal length is 30mm (length-to-diameter ratio 48).
Comparative example 2
Commercially available monofilament steel fiber, diameter 0.62mm, length 30mm, length-to-diameter ratio 48, tensile strength 1150MPa.
Embodiment 3
Be that 8 same directions of fine steel wire (tensile strength 2850MPa) of 0.25mm add and are twisted into fibrous bundle 2. (lay pitch 4.5mm) by diameter, fibrous bundle outer ring twist-against-twist diameter be 2. 0.30mm constraint steel wire 1. (tensile strength 2200MPa) retrain, the lay pitch is 3.2mm, and eventually sever obtains the pencil steel fiber (tensile strength 2150MPa) of the outer constraint that equivalent diameter is 0.77mm, nominal length is 60mm (length-to-diameter ratio 78).
Comparative example 3
Commercially available monofilament steel fiber, diameter 0.77mm, length 60mm, length-to-diameter ratio 78, tensile strength 1050MPa.
In Advantages found of the present utility model application in concrete, therefore the steel fiber of above-described embodiment and comparative example is imbedded in mortar, contrast the difference of itself and concrete substrate cohesive strength; Again the steel fiber of embodiment and comparative example is mixed in concrete, contrast the difference of its mechanical property.
1, first prepare mortar/concrete, test proportioning is as follows:
The mortar mix ratio unit of table 1 adhesive property test: g
| Cement | Silicon ash | Water reducer | Sand | Water |
| 900 | 100 | 67 | 1200 | 153 |
The test proportioning of table 2 mechanical property
| Sequence number | Cement | Flyash | Sand | Stone | Water | Steel fiber | Water reducer/% |
| 1, benchmark | 5.39 | 2.31 | 15.56 | 21.5 | 3.2 | 0 | 1 |
| 2, comparative example 1 | 5.39 | 2.31 | 15.56 | 21.5 | 3.2 | 1.28 | 1 |
| 3, embodiment 1 | 5.39 | 2.31 | 15.56 | 21.5 | 3.2 | 1.28 | 1 |
| 2, comparative example 2 | 5.39 | 2.31 | 15.56 | 21.5 | 3.2 | 1.28 | 1 |
| 3, embodiment 2 | 5.39 | 2.31 | 15.56 | 21.5 | 3.2 | 1.28 | 1 |
| 2, comparative example 3 | 5.39 | 2.31 | 15.56 | 21.5 | 3.2 | 1.28 | 1 |
| 3, embodiment 3 | 5.39 | 2.31 | 15.56 | 21.5 | 3.2 | 1.28 | 1 |
Note: the arithemetic unit except water reducer in table 2 is kg, the total mass volume admixture of cement and flyash pressed by water reducer.
2, performance test:
(1) adhesive property test
Cement Mortar Used in Capital is after 2 days, and carry out adhesive property test according to " CECS13-2009 Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete test method standard ", test result is in table 3:
The cohesive strength contrast of table 3 steel fiber in concrete
| Bonding strength | |
| Comparative example 1 | 100％ |
| Embodiment 1 | 121％ |
| Comparative example 2 | 100％ |
| Embodiment 2 | 134％ |
| Comparative example 3 | 100％ |
| Embodiment 3 | 142％ |
Note: above showing data is using the cohesive strength of comparative example 1 in concrete as 100%, obtains the cohesive strength of embodiment 1; Using the cohesive strength of comparative example 2 in concrete as 100%, obtain the cohesive strength of embodiment 2; Using the cohesive strength of comparative example 3 in concrete as 100%, obtain the cohesive strength of embodiment 3, without any relation between the cohesive strength of comparative example 1 ~ 3.
(2) Mechanics Performance Testing
Concrete standard maintenance is after 28 days, and carry out Mechanics Performance Testing according to " CECS13-2009 Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete test method standard ", test result is in table 4:
Mechanical property contrast in table 4 Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete
| Sequence number | Folding strength | Ultimate compression strength | Bend-press ratio/% |
| 1, benchmark | 100％ | 100％ | 100 |
| 2, comparative example 1 | 117％ | 104％ | 112.5 |
| 3, embodiment 1 | 124％ | 103％ | 120.4 |
| 2, comparative example 2 | 120％ | 103％ | 116.5 |
| 3, embodiment 2 | 137％ | 102％ | 134.3 |
| 2, comparative example 3 | 129％ | 101.5％ | 127.1 |
| 3, embodiment 3 | 142％ | 101％ | 140.6 |
Note: the concrete strength of benchmark sample is set to 100%, the concrete strength analogy with it of other admixture embodiment, obtains above data.The raising of bend-press ratio means the raising of toughness.
Claims (6)
1. the pencil steel fiber of a constraint outward, it is characterized in that, comprise the main part of inner side and the peripheral portion in outside, wherein main part is the fibrous bundle of being twisted by the fine steel wire of more than 5, peripheral portion is 1 ~ 3 constraint steel wire, and constraint steel wire is to fibrous bundle twisting constraint, and the twist direction of constraint steel wire is contrary with the twist direction of fibrous bundle, described fine gauge of wire is 0.18 ~ 0.25mm, and constraint gauge of wire is 0.25 ~ 0.30mm.
2. the pencil steel fiber of outer constraint as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the fine wire pitch of fibrous bundle is 3.5 ~ 4.5mm, and the lay pitch of constraint steel wire is 2.8 ~ 3.2mm.
3. the pencil steel fiber of outer constraint as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the equivalent diameter of the pencil steel fiber of described outer constraint is 0.50 ~ 0.9mm, and nominal length is 25 ~ 60mm, and length-to-diameter ratio is 40 ~ 80.
4. the pencil steel fiber of the outer constraint according to any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that, the tensile strength >=2000MPa of described fine steel wire, the tensile strength >=1500MPa of constraint steel wire.
5. the pencil steel fiber of outer constraint as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, the tensile strength >=2800MPa of described fine steel wire, the tensile strength >=2000MPa of constraint steel wire.
6. the pencil steel fiber of the outer constraint according to any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that, described fine steel wire peace treaty bundle Steel Wire Surface is all covered with copper plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520442422.4U CN204824627U (en) | 2015-06-25 | 2015-06-25 | Fasciculation steel fibre of outer restraint |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520442422.4U CN204824627U (en) | 2015-06-25 | 2015-06-25 | Fasciculation steel fibre of outer restraint |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN204824627U true CN204824627U (en) | 2015-12-02 |
Family
ID=54682248
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520442422.4U Expired - Fee Related CN204824627U (en) | 2015-06-25 | 2015-06-25 | Fasciculation steel fibre of outer restraint |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN204824627U (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111574084A (en) * | 2020-06-20 | 2020-08-25 | 武汉新途工程新材料科技有限公司 | Plastic-coated winged micro steel fiber |
| CN112982807A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-06-18 | 中交二公局第三工程有限公司 | Light-weight bubble concrete structure with built-in reinforcing ribs and preparation method thereof |
| CN116354665A (en) * | 2023-03-07 | 2023-06-30 | 中南大学 | Composition for ultra-high performance concrete, preparation method and application thereof |
-
2015
- 2015-06-25 CN CN201520442422.4U patent/CN204824627U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111574084A (en) * | 2020-06-20 | 2020-08-25 | 武汉新途工程新材料科技有限公司 | Plastic-coated winged micro steel fiber |
| CN111574084B (en) * | 2020-06-20 | 2023-12-29 | 武汉新途工程新材料科技有限公司 | Plastic-covered winged micro steel fiber |
| CN112982807A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-06-18 | 中交二公局第三工程有限公司 | Light-weight bubble concrete structure with built-in reinforcing ribs and preparation method thereof |
| CN112982807B (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2022-08-30 | 中交二公局第三工程有限公司 | Light-weight bubble concrete structure with built-in reinforcing ribs |
| CN116354665A (en) * | 2023-03-07 | 2023-06-30 | 中南大学 | Composition for ultra-high performance concrete, preparation method and application thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| AU2011343412B2 (en) | Steel fibre for reinforcing concrete or mortar having an anchorage end with at least two bent sections | |
| CN204824627U (en) | Fasciculation steel fibre of outer restraint | |
| CN106478007A (en) | The modified cement-based composite of superhigh tenacity fiber-reinforced polymer and preparation method | |
| CA2818995A1 (en) | Steel fibre for reinforcing concrete or mortar having an anchorage end with at least three straight sections | |
| Rassokhin et al. | Different types of basalt fibers for disperse reinforcing of fine-grained concrete | |
| CN105888132A (en) | Fiber reinforced composite material rib and concrete composite beam | |
| CN103360005A (en) | Sprayed concrete | |
| CN103132654A (en) | FRP reinforcement material end nut and manufacturing method and application thereof | |
| CN108249854B (en) | Seawater-stirred fiber-reinforced cement-based ultra-high-ductility concrete and preparation thereof | |
| RU121841U1 (en) | COMPOSITION FITTINGS | |
| CN104372895A (en) | High-performance reinforcing steel bar and preparation method thereof | |
| CN206360215U (en) | A kind of end hooks milling type steel fibers | |
| CN202359740U (en) | End hook type steel fiber | |
| Wang et al. | Influence of fibers on tensile behavior of ultra-high performance concrete: a review | |
| CN206828398U (en) | Ring pinniform steel fibre | |
| CN204199101U (en) | A kind of embedding alloy type collection wire tray | |
| EP3517515B1 (en) | Fiber bundle for reinforcement of a cementitious matrix, its uses and method of obtention | |
| CN207567122U (en) | A kind of spiral steel fibre of end anchor type | |
| CN113427653A (en) | Silicon core cutting method | |
| CN107739164A (en) | A kind of spiral steel fibre of end anchor type and its make processing method | |
| CN201738498U (en) | Undulated coppering steel fiber | |
| CN104628279A (en) | Profiled concrete triangular terminal steel fiber | |
| CN207260123U (en) | Fibrous composite grid | |
| CN203159484U (en) | Two-end-anchoring-type fine steel fiber | |
| CN2634000Y (en) | Anti-cracking leak-proof reinforced fiber for concrete/mortar |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20151202 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |