CN204819057U - Automatic burnishing and polishing machine of small -size metal specimen - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a small-sized metal sample automatic grinding and polishing machine, which is mainly used for the preparation of metal samples. It includes a base, a Y-axis mobile platform and a Z-axis mobile platform installed on the base, and a fixture table installed on the Y-axis mobile platform; a main shaft is fixed on the lower side of the Z-axis mobile platform; one-way bearings and a large Gear; the one-way bearing is installed with a one-way ratchet locked in the opposite direction to the one-way bearing; the ratchet is fixedly connected with a grinding shaft frame; the outer side of the large gear is provided with a plurality of small gears meshing with the large gear; the rotating shaft of the small gear Installed on the grinding shaft frame, one end of the rotating shaft of the pinion is fixed with a collet. The utility model adopts the high-speed rotation of the abrasive tool and feeds up and down, and the material moves back and forth, left and right, and constantly switches the grinding parts as the main working mode. The beneficial effect of the utility model is that it can automatically complete the processing of different roughnesses, and automatically adapt to samples or workpieces with different lengths, widths and heights within a certain size range.

Description

A small metal sample automatic grinding and polishing machine

technical field

The utility model relates to a polishing machine, in particular to a small-sized metal sample automatic grinding and polishing machine, which is mainly used for the preparation of metal samples.

Background technique

At present, most of the existing polishing machine equipment is a separate semi-automatic equipment, which is very inconvenient to use, and the accuracy of the processed surface is often affected by human errors, which has a huge impact on experiments or production. Pure manual processing is time-consuming and laborious, and it is difficult to grasp the accuracy standard. Most of the existing automatic polishing machines are large-scale equipment with complete functions, but at the same time the cost is very expensive and the one-time investment is very large. Not suitable for individuals, small workshops, laboratories and other small businesses.

Contents of the invention

In order to improve the efficiency and precision of metal material experiments and facilitate the use of small users, the utility model provides a small-sized metal sample automatic grinding and polishing machine, which can better control the flatness of the grinding surface, and can Different precision adjustments are required.

The utility model adopts the following technical solutions: a small-sized metal sample automatic grinding and polishing machine, including a base, a Y-axis moving platform and a Z-axis moving platform slidingly installed on the base, sliding along the X-axis and mounted on the Y-axis to move The fixture platform of the platform; the lower side of the Z-axis mobile platform is fixed with a main shaft arranged along the X-axis; one end of the main shaft is connected to a high-speed motor, and the other end of the main shaft is sequentially installed with a one-way bearing and a large gear from outside to inside; A one-way ratchet that locks in the opposite direction to the one-way bearing is installed on the one-way bearing; the ratchet is fixedly connected with a grinding shaft frame; the outer side of the big gear is evenly provided with a plurality of small gears meshing with the big gear; The rotating shaft of the pinion is fixedly installed on the grinding shaft frame, and one end of the rotating shaft of the pinion is fixed with a chuck for fixing a grinding head or a polishing wheel.

It further includes: the base includes two oppositely arranged support frames; a pair of beams along the Y-axis direction and a pair of sliding rods along the Y-axis direction are fixed between the two support frames; the middle part of the two beams A lower platform is fixed by two fixing frames; four vertical support beams evenly distributed along the same circumference are fixed on the lower platform; an upper platform is fixed on the upper ends of the four support beams.

The Y-axis mobile platform includes a lead screw II arranged along the Y-axis direction and a flat platform above the lead screw II fixed between two supporting frames; one end of the lead screw II is connected to a stepping motor II through a coupling ; The lower surface of the plane table is fixed with two pairs of symmetrically arranged linear bearings I through the linear bearing fixing frame, and the linear bearings I are matched and installed on the sliding rod; the lower surface of the plane table is also fixed by a screw nut fixing frame There is a lead screw nut II, and the lead screw nut II is matched and installed on the lead screw II; a pressure sensor for measuring the weight of the fixture table is fixed on the upper surface of the flat table.

The fixture table includes a hard platform; positioning pins are fixed under the hard platform, and positioning holes for matching with the positioning pins are opened on the flat platform on the Y-axis moving platform; two opposing pins are fixed on the upper surface of the hard platform. arranged platform frames; two symmetrically arranged thin slide rods along the X axis and a miniature screw along the X axis are fixedly connected between the two platform frames; a pair of splints are slidably connected to the two thin slide rods, and the two Both ends of the splint are fixed to each other by bolts and nuts; one end of the miniature lead screw is connected with a miniature geared motor, and the miniature lead screw is connected to one of the two splints through a thread pair.

The Z-axis mobile platform includes a lead screw I installed between four support beams along the Z-axis direction, and a mobile upper platform and a movable lower platform slidingly installed on the four support beams; the upper end of the lead screw I passes through a joint The shaft device Ⅰ is connected with a stepping motor Ⅰ; the moving upper platform and the moving lower platform are respectively fixed with four linear bearings Ⅱ, and the four linear bearings Ⅱ are respectively installed on four supporting beams; the moving upper platform and the moving lower platform Thin support beams are fixedly connected between the platforms; lead screw nuts I are fixedly connected in the middle of the moving upper platform, and lead screw nuts I are matched and installed on the lead screw I.

The high-speed motor is fixed on the moving lower platform through a motor fixing frame; a main shaft frame is fixed at both ends of the main shaft, and the main shaft frame is fixed on the lower surface of the moving lower platform; the output shaft of the high-speed motor and one end of the main shaft are respectively fixed with a The synchronous pulley is connected by a synchronous belt; the pawl of the ratchet is fixed on the lower surface of the moving lower platform.

The infrared pair tube I is fixed on the support beam; the infrared pair tube II is fixed on the support frame.

The utility model adopts the high-speed rotation of the abrasive tool and feeds up and down, and the material moves back and forth, left and right, and constantly switches the grinding parts as the main working mode. The movable parts are all connected with the base body in the form of sliding rods, and driven by screw drive. With the disc-shaped grinding shaft frame, four grinding tools can be installed at the same time, and the four grinding shafts and the main shaft are driven by gears. The grinding pedestal is connected with the main shaft by a one-way bearing, and connected with the grinding platform by a one-way ratchet. This method allows the main shaft to produce two different results through forward and reverse rotation. One is that the grinding pedestal is locked. , the grinding shaft rotates. The other is the rotation of the grinding shaft pedestal. In this way, the function of automatically switching the grinding axis can be realized, and the processing with different precision can be realized. The beneficial effect of the utility model is that it can automatically complete the processing of different roughnesses, and automatically adapt to samples or workpieces with different lengths, widths and heights within a certain size range.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the overall assembly drawing of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the fixture table;

Fig. 3 is a top view in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of the Y-axis mobile platform;

Fig. 5 is a top view in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of the Z-axis mobile platform;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view along line A-A in Fig. 6 .

In the figure: 1. Stepping motor Ⅰ, 2. Coupling Ⅰ, 3. Lead screw Ⅰ, 4. Z-axis moving platform, 5. Fixture table, 6. Y-axis moving platform, 7. Beam, 8. Lower platform , 9. Fixed frame, 10. Infrared tube Ⅰ, 11. Support beam, 12. Lead screw Ⅱ, 13. Coupling Ⅱ, 14. Support frame, 15. Stepping motor Ⅱ, 16. Infrared tube Ⅱ, 17. Sliding rod, 18. Upper platform, 19. Platform frame, 20. Thin sliding rod, 21. Plywood, 22. Nut, 23. Bolt, 24. Hard platform, 25. Miniature geared motor, 26. Miniature lead screw, 27. Locating pin, 28. Lead screw nut fixing frame, 29. Linear bearing fixing frame, 30. Plane table, 31. Linear bearing Ⅰ, 32. Pressure sensor, 33. Lead screw nut Ⅱ, 34. Lead screw nut Ⅰ, 35. Linear bearing Ⅱ, 36. Thin beam, 37. Motor fixing frame, 38. Moving lower platform, 39. Pawl, 40. Ratchet wheel, 41. One-way bearing, 42. Big gear, 43. Grinding shaft, 44. pinion, 45. grinding shaft frame, 46. collet, 47. main shaft, 48. main shaft frame, 49. synchronous pulley, 50. synchronous belt, 51. high-speed motor, 52. mobile upper platform.

Detailed ways

Below is a specific embodiment of the utility model, now in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described.

As shown in Figure 1, a small-sized metal sample automatic grinding and polishing machine includes a base, a Y-axis moving platform 6 and a Z-axis moving platform 4 that are slidably mounted on the base, and are slid along the X-axis and moved on the Y-axis. The fixture table 5 of the platform 6 is installed on the Z-axis mobile platform 4 for grinding. The base includes two oppositely arranged support frames 14; a pair of beams 7 along the Y-axis direction and a pair of sliding rods 17 along the Y-axis direction are fixed between the two support frames 14; the middle parts of the two beams 7 pass through two fixing frames 9 is fixed with a lower platform 8; the lower platform 8 is fixed with four vertical support beams 11 evenly distributed along the same circumference; an upper platform 18 is fixed at the upper ends of the four support beams 11. An infrared pair tube I10 is fixed on the support beam 11; an infrared pair tube II16 is fixed on the support frame 14.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the Y-axis mobile platform 6 includes a lead screw II12 arranged along the Y-axis direction fixed between two supporting frames 14 and a plane table 30 above the lead screw II12; the lead screw II12 One end is connected with a stepping motor II15 through a coupling 13; two pairs of symmetrically arranged linear bearings I31 are fixed on the lower surface of the plane platform 30 through a linear bearing fixing frame 29, and the linear bearings I31 are mounted on the sliding rod 17 in cooperation; the plane platform The lower surface of 30 is also fixed with a lead screw nut II 33 by a lead screw nut holder 28, and the lead screw nut II 33 is cooperatingly installed on the lead screw II 12;

Shown in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the fixture table 5 comprises a hard platform 24; a positioning pin 27 is fixed under the hard platform 24, and the flat platform 30 on the Y-axis moving platform 6 is provided with a matching pin 27. The upper surface of the hard platform 24 is fixed with two oppositely arranged platform frames 19; two symmetrically arranged thin sliding rods 20 along the X axis and a micro wire along the X axis are fixedly connected between the two platform frames 19. Bar 26; a pair of splints 21 are slidingly connected on the two thin sliding rods 20, and the two ends of the two splints 21 are fixed to each other by bolts 23 and nuts 22; one end of the miniature screw 26 is connected with a miniature geared motor 25, and the miniature screw 26 and the two splints are 21 types One of them is connected by a thread pair. The splint 21 slides freely on the thin sliding rod 20, the bolt pair is used to fasten the splint 21 to clamp the sample, the miniature geared motor 25 drives the miniature lead screw 26 to run, and drives the splint 21 to move along the X-axis.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 6 and Figure 7, the Z-axis mobile platform 4 includes a lead screw I3 installed between the four support beams 11 along the Z-axis direction and a mobile upper platform slidably installed on the four support beams 11 52 and the movable lower platform 38; the upper end of the lead screw I3 is connected with the stepper motor I1 through the coupling I; the movable upper platform 52 and the movable lower platform 38 are respectively fixed with four linear bearings II 35, and the four linear bearings II 35 are installed respectively On the four support beams 11; the thin support beam 36 is fixedly connected between the mobile upper platform 52 and the mobile lower platform 38; the middle of the mobile upper platform 52 is fixedly connected with a lead screw nut I34, and the lead screw nut I34 is matched and installed on the lead screw I3 superior. In the grinding device, the high-speed motor 51 is fixed on the movable lower platform 38 through the motor fixing frame 37; a spindle frame 48 is respectively fixed at both ends of the main shaft 477 arranged along the X axis, and the spindle frame 48 is fixed on the lower surface of the movable lower platform 38; A synchronous pulley 49 is respectively fixed on one end of the output shaft of the motor 51 and the main shaft 47, and the two synchronous pulleys 49 are connected by a synchronous belt 50; The bearing 41 is equipped with a one-way ratchet 40 which is locked in the opposite direction to the one-way bearing 41; the ratchet 40 is fixedly connected with a grinding shaft frame 45; the outside of the big gear 42 is evenly provided with four small gears 44 meshing with the big gear 42 The rotating shaft of pinion 44 is fixedly installed on the described grinding shaft frame 45, and one end of the rotating shaft of pinion 44 is fixed with the chuck 46 that is used for fixing grinding head or polishing wheel; lower surface. When the high-speed motor 51 was rotating forward, the one-way bearing 41 was not locked and the main shaft could turn, and the grinding spindle frame 45 was fixed by the ratchet mechanism. When the high-speed motor 51 reverses, the one-way bearing 41 is locked, and the grinding shaft frame 45 rotates, so that the grinding shaft 43 can be switched to realize the selection of different precisions.

During use, three grinding heads with different precisions and one polishing wheel are installed on the four chucks 46 respectively. Each movable platform is automatically placed in the initial position, that is, the Z-axis mobile platform 4 is placed on the top, the Y-axis mobile platform 6 is placed on the far right, and the splint 21 on the fixture table 5 is placed on the side close to the motor. Then the cut metal sample is placed on the fixture table 5, and the splint 21 is clamped by tightening the bolts 23 and nuts 22, and the pressure sensor 32 collects the initial pressure value. After getting ready, the Y-axis moving platform 6 begins to move slowly to the left. When the infrared pair tube I10 arranged in the X-axis direction detects the metal sample, it stops immediately and starts to move along the splint 21. When the infrared pair tube I10 arranged in the Y-axis direction Tube II 16 detects the metal sample and stops the sample movement. The high-speed motor starts to rotate forward, the Z-axis moving platform moves down slowly, and the grinding head gradually contacts the sample. When the pressure value is greater than the initial value, the Z-axis moving platform stops moving. The Y-axis moving platform starts to reciprocate at a certain speed, the reciprocating distance is related to the total length of the sample on the fixture table 5, and the reciprocating times are related to the hardness of the material. When the pressure value on the pressure sensor decreases to a certain value, the splint 21 moves a certain distance along the initial moving direction, and the Y-axis moving platform 6 reciprocates again, and this cycle is repeated until the surface is completely polished, that is, the Y-axis infrared tube Sample not detected. The Z-axis moving platform 4 moves up, the motor reverses, and the grinding shaft 43 is switched to repeat the above process to continue grinding, and then the grinding shaft 43 is switched until the preset precision level is reached.

Claims (7)

1. a micro metal sample automatically grinding polishing machine, is characterized in that: comprise pedestal, is slidably mounted on the Y-axis mobile platform (6) on pedestal and Z axis mobile platform (4), is slidably mounted on the clamping fixture table (5) of Y-axis mobile platform (6) along X axis; Described Z axis mobile platform (4) downside is fixed with the main shaft (47) arranged along X axis; Described main shaft (47) one end is connected with high-speed electric expreess locomotive (51), and main shaft (47) other end is provided with unilateral bearing (41) and gear wheel (42) from outside to inside successively; Described unilateral bearing (41) is provided with the unidirectional ratchet (40) with unilateral bearing (41) opposite direction locking; Described ratchet (40) is fixedly connected with grinding pedestal (45); Described gear wheel (42) outside is evenly provided with multiple pinion (44) engaged with gear wheel (42); The rotating shaft of described pinion (44) is fixedly mounted on described grinding pedestal (45), and rotating shaft one end of pinion (44) is fixed with the chuck (46) for fixing bistrique or polishing wheel.

2. a kind of micro metal sample automatically grinding polishing machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described pedestal comprises two bracing frames positioned opposite (14); A pair crossbeam along Y direction (7) and a pair slip pole (17) along Y direction is fixed with between described two bracing frames (14); Described two crossbeams (7) middle part is fixed with lower platform (8) by two fixed mounts (9); Described lower platform (8) is fixed with the brace summer (11) that four of distributing along same even circumferential are vertical; Upper mounting plate (18) is fixed with in described four brace summer (11) upper ends.

3. a kind of micro metal sample automatically grinding polishing machine according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described Y-axis mobile platform (6) comprises the leading screw II (12) along Y direction layout be fixed between two bracing frames (14) and the planar table (30) being positioned at leading screw II (12) top; Described leading screw II (12) one end is connected with stepper motor II (15) by shaft coupling (13); Described planar table (30) lower surface is fixed with two to the linear bearing I (31) be arranged symmetrically with by linear bearing fixed mount (29), and described linear bearing I (31) cooperation is arranged on described slip pole (17); Planar table (30) lower surface is also fixed with a feed screw nut II (33) by a feed screw nut fixed mount (28), and feed screw nut II (33) cooperation is arranged on leading screw II (12); Planar table (30) upper surface is fixed with the pressure sensor (32) for measured material platform (5) weight.

4. a kind of micro metal sample automatically grinding polishing machine according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described clamping fixture table (5) comprises hard platform (24); Be fixed with shop bolt (27) under described hard platform (24), the planar table (30) on described Y-axis mobile platform (6) have the locating hole coordinated with shop bolt (27); Hard platform (24) upper surface is fixed with two paralells (19) positioned opposite; The two fine and smooth poles (20) along X axis be arranged symmetrically with and a miniature leading screw (26) along X axis is fixedly connected with between described two paralells (19); Described two fine and smooth poles (20) slidably connect a pair clamping plate (21), and two clamping plate (21) two ends are interfixed by bolt (23) and nut (22); Described miniature leading screw (26) one end is connected with minitype speed reducing motor (25), and of planting is connected by screw thread pair for miniature leading screw (26) and two clamping plate (21).

5. a kind of micro metal sample automatically grinding polishing machine according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described Z axis mobile platform (4) comprises and is arranged on the leading screw I (3) along Z-direction between four brace summers (11) and the mobile upper mounting plate (52) be slidably mounted on four brace summers (11) and mobile lower platform (38); Described leading screw I (3) upper end is connected with stepper motor I (1) by shaft coupling I; Described mobile upper mounting plate (52) and mobile lower platform (38) are respectively fixed with four linear bearings II (35), and four linear bearings II (35) coordinate respectively and are arranged on four brace summers (11); Ramuscule beam (36) is fixedly connected with between mobile upper mounting plate (52) and mobile lower platform (38); Be fixedly connected with feed screw nut I (34) in the middle of mobile upper mounting plate (52), feed screw nut I (34) cooperation is arranged on leading screw I (3).

6. a kind of micro metal sample automatically grinding polishing machine according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described high-speed electric expreess locomotive (51) is fixed on mobile lower platform (38) by motor fixing frame (37); Described main shaft (47) two ends are respectively fixed with a main shaft frame (48), and main shaft frame (48) is fixed on mobile lower platform (38) lower surface; Described high-speed electric expreess locomotive (51) output shaft and main shaft (47) one end are respectively fixed with a synchronous pulley (49), and two synchronous pulleys (49) are connected by Timing Belt (50); The ratchet (39) of described ratchet (40) is fixed on mobile lower platform (38) lower surface.

7. a kind of micro metal sample automatically grinding polishing machine according to any one of claim 2 to 6, is characterized in that: described brace summer (11) is fixed with infrared tube I (10); Support frame as described above (14) is fixed with infrared tube II (16).