CN204786929U - Sun wall natural draft's indoor air conditioning system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an indoor air conditioning system for solar wall natural ventilation, which comprises two units, a solar wall natural ventilation system and a heat storage wall source-air source heat pump system. The solar wall natural ventilation system and the thermal storage wall source-air source heat pump system can work independently or jointly. The thermal storage wall source-air source heat pump system adopts separate and independently controlled wall source heat exchangers and air duct air heat exchangers. The wall source heat exchangers are placed in the thermal storage wall, and the thermal storage wall converts solar energy into latent heat or Sensible heat is stored to ensure that the heat storage wall source-air source heat pump system works continuously and efficiently at night or on cloudy days in the heating mode. The condensing heat heats the air in the air duct and strengthens the natural ventilation of the solar wall. The system can maximize the use of the solar wall natural ventilation system to achieve the purpose of regulating indoor air. The heat storage wall source-air source heat pump system is used as an auxiliary system for indoor air conditioning, thereby realizing the efficient use of low-grade renewable energy solar energy. The utility model has the advantages of stable and reliable operation, high energy utilization efficiency, good energy-saving effect and broad application prospect.

Description

A solar wall natural ventilation indoor air conditioning system

technical field

The invention relates to an indoor air conditioning system, in particular to a solar wall natural ventilation indoor air conditioning system.

Background technique

Natural ventilation is a method of ventilation in which air is driven by heat or wind pressure. Compared with mechanical ventilation, natural ventilation has the advantages of economy, energy saving, simplicity, no special management and no noise. Reasonable natural ventilation design can improve indoor air quality and improve the comfort of indoor environment. However, the driving force of natural ventilation, that is, heat pressure and wind pressure, is relatively weak compared with the mechanical driving force, so the use of natural ventilation is limited under certain circumstances.

A solar wall is a form of solar chimney that utilizes solar energy to increase the driving force of natural ventilation - thermal pressure, thereby enhancing natural ventilation. There are certain problems in the application of the existing solar wall. For example, during the daytime in winter, the indoor temperature rises slowly and the efficiency of solar heat utilization is low; Large heat loss; during the daytime in summer, the room is prone to overheating, which cannot solve the problem of indoor air conditioning in summer. In addition, the intensity of solar energy presents periodic changes and intermittent characteristics, so it is difficult to meet the indoor thermal comfort requirements only by relying on the solar wall natural ventilation system to supply heat to the interior or exhaust heat from the interior.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an indoor air conditioning system composed of a solar wall natural ventilation system and a thermal storage wall source-air source heat pump system.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a solar wall natural ventilation indoor air conditioning system, characterized in that it includes two units: a solar wall natural ventilation system and a heat storage wall source-air source heat pump system; The solar wall natural ventilation system includes a glass cover plate, a solar heat absorbing plate, a thermal storage wall, a sunshade roller blind, a first air volume regulating valve, a second air volume regulating valve, a third air volume regulating valve and a fourth air volume regulating valve, and a glass cover An air duct is set between the panel and the solar heat absorbing plate, the first air volume regulating valve and the second air volume regulating valve are arranged at the upper and lower vents of the glass cover in turn, and the third air volume regulating valve and the fourth air volume regulating valve are arranged in sequence At the vents at the upper and lower ends of the thermal storage wall; the thermal storage wall source-air source heat pump system includes a compressor, a four-way reversing valve, an air duct air heat exchanger, a wall source heat exchanger, and a throttling component , indoor air heat exchanger, first liquid reservoir, second liquid reservoir, first electric control valve, second electric control valve, the four-way reversing valve is provided with four ports, the four-way reversing valve Three of the ports are sequentially connected to the compressor discharge port, the compressor suction port and one port of the refrigerant passage of the indoor air heat exchanger, and the other port of the refrigerant passage of the indoor air heat exchanger is connected to one of the throttling parts. The other port of the throttling part is respectively connected with one port of the air duct air heat exchanger and one port of the wall source heat exchanger, and the other port of the air duct air heat exchanger is connected with the other port of the wall source heat exchanger. One port is respectively connected to the fourth port of the four-way reversing valve through the first electric control valve and the second electric control valve, and the air duct air heat exchanger and the wall source heat exchanger are respectively connected to the first electric control valve and the second electric control valve. The second electric control valve is connected in series, the wall source heat exchanger is placed in the heat storage wall, the compressor, the four-way reversing valve, the air duct air heat exchanger, the first electric control valve and the second electric The control valve is placed in the air duct.

The heat storage wall is a heavy wall or a light phase change wall with relatively large heat storage capacity, and the inner side of the heat storage wall is an insulation layer. The heat absorbing plate is a metal plate or a wall surface coated with a coating with high absorption rate and low emissivity. The glass cover adopts high transparency and low reflection glass.

The working medium used in the heat storage wall source-air source heat pump is HFC or HC refrigerants such as R22, R134a, R1234yf, R152a, R290, etc.

The method of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the solar wall natural ventilation system and the heat storage wall source-air source heat pump system can work independently or jointly. When the outdoor air temperature is in the range of 16~28℃, use the solar wall natural ventilation system to work independently to adjust the indoor air temperature. The solar radiation passes through the glass cover in the solar wall and is absorbed by the heat absorbing plate, and the temperature of the heat absorbing plate rises. High, so as to heat the air in the air duct, so that the air forms an upward movement of natural convection, the first air volume regulating valve, the second air volume regulating valve and the fourth air volume regulating valve are in the open state, the third air volume regulating valve is in the closed state, and the outdoor air And the indoor air enters the air duct, and after being heated, it is discharged from the air outlet on the top of the glass cover to the outside, so as to realize the independent operation of the solar wall natural ventilation and adjust the indoor air temperature within the range of 16~28°C; when the outdoor air temperature is lower than When the temperature of the heat storage wall is 16°C and the temperature of the thermal storage wall is higher than 20°C, the first air volume regulating valve and the second air volume regulating valve are closed, the third air volume regulating valve and the fourth air volume regulating valve are open, and the solar radiation penetrates into the solar wall The glass cover plate is absorbed by the heat-absorbing plate, and the temperature of the heat-absorbing plate rises. Part of the absorbed heat is used to heat the indoor air entering the air duct from the lower end of the heat storage wall, and part of it is transmitted along the heat storage wall and stored. After the heat wall is stored, the air in the air duct absorbs the heat transferred to it by the heat-absorbing plate through convective heat transfer, the temperature rises and the density decreases. The air outlet on the top of the wall enters the room, and only needs to provide heat through the solar wall natural ventilation system to adjust the indoor air temperature; when the outdoor air temperature is lower than 16°C and the temperature of the thermal storage wall is higher than the outdoor air temperature but not more than 20°C , the first air volume regulating valve, the second air volume regulating valve, the third air volume regulating valve and the fourth air volume regulating valve are all in the closed state, the first electric control valve is in the closed state, and the second electric control valve is in the open state. , four-way reversing valve, wall source heat exchanger, throttling parts, indoor air heat exchanger, the first liquid reservoir, the second liquid reservoir, and the second electric control valve constitute the solar wall source heat pump system to produce The thermal mode works and absorbs the heat energy stored in the thermal storage wall to supply indoors to adjust the indoor air temperature; when the outdoor air temperature is lower than 16°C and the temperature of the thermal storage wall is not higher than the outdoor air temperature, the first air volume control valve and the second The second air volume regulating valve is in the open state, the third air volume regulating valve and the fourth air volume regulating valve are in the closed state, the first electric control valve is in the open state, and the second electric control valve is in the closed state. The air source heat pump system composed of valve, air duct air heat exchanger, throttling parts, indoor air heat exchanger, first liquid reservoir, second liquid reservoir and first electric control valve works in heating mode to absorb outdoor Air can be supplied to the room to adjust the indoor air temperature; when the outdoor air temperature is higher than 28°C, the first air volume regulating valve and the second air volume regulating valve are in the open state, and the third air volume regulating valve and the fourth air volume regulating valve are in the closed state (or the third air volume regulating valve is in the closed state, the fourth air volume regulating valve is in the half-open and half-closed state, and the solar wall is prevented from absorbing the solar radiation passing through the glass cover by setting the sunshade roller blind, and the heat storage wall no longer stores heat. An electric control valve is in In the open state and the second electric control valve in the closed state, the compressor, the four-way reversing valve, the air duct air heat exchanger, the throttling component, the indoor air heat exchanger, the first liquid reservoir, and the second liquid reservoir . The air source heat pump system composed of the first electric control valve works in cooling mode to provide cooling capacity to adjust the indoor air temperature. The heat removed from the air duct air heat exchanger heats the outdoor air that enters the air duct through the lower end of the glass cover. The air temperature in the upper part of the air duct rises and the density decreases. Under the action of thermal buoyancy, the hot air rises, and the hot air is discharged from the air outlet on the top of the glass cover to the outside, through the natural ventilation in the air duct and the air heat exchanger in the air duct. The combined effect of mechanical ventilation strengthens the heat exchange effect of the air duct air heat exchanger to increase the cooling capacity of the system. At the same time, the cooling capacity of the lower temperature indoor air discharged through the air outlet at the lower end of the heat storage wall is exchanged through the air duct air. The recovered air is sent into the room again to adjust the indoor air temperature.

The advantage of the invention is that the natural ventilation system of the solar wall is used to the maximum to achieve the purpose of regulating indoor air. When the natural ventilation of the solar wall cannot meet the requirements, the thermal storage wall source-air source heat pump system is used as an auxiliary system for indoor air conditioning. The thermal storage wall source-air source heat pump system adopts separate and independently controlled wall source heat exchangers and air duct air heat exchangers. The wall source heat exchangers are embedded in the thermal storage walls, and the air duct air heat exchangers are placed channel bottom.

By setting up the heat storage wall, the solar energy is converted into latent heat or sensible heat and stored to ensure that the heat storage wall source-air source heat pump system works continuously and efficiently at night or on cloudy days in the heating mode. The system realizes high-efficiency utilization of low-grade renewable energy-solar energy, has stable and reliable operation, energy utilization efficiency, good energy-saving effect, and broad application prospects.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a solar wall naturally ventilated indoor air conditioning system of the present invention.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, a solar wall natural ventilation indoor air conditioning system of the present invention includes a solar wall natural ventilation system and a heat storage wall source-air source heat pump system. The arrows in Figure 1 indicate the flow direction of the working medium in the pipes connected between the various parts of the system during heating and cooling. The working medium used in the heat storage wall source-air source heat pump is HFC or HC refrigerants such as R22, R134a, R1234yf, R152a, R290, etc.

The solar wall natural ventilation system includes a glass cover plate (1), a solar heat absorbing plate (2), a thermal storage wall (3), a sunshade roller blind (14), a first air volume regulating valve (4a), a second air volume regulating valve Valve (4b), the third air volume regulating valve (4c), the fourth air volume regulating valve (4d), the air duct (13) is set between the glass cover plate (1) and the solar heat absorbing plate (2), the first air volume The regulating valve (4a) and the second air volume regulating valve (4b) are sequentially arranged at the upper and lower vents of the glass cover plate (1), and the third air volume regulating valve (4c) and the fourth air volume regulating valve (4d) are sequentially arranged At the vents at the upper and lower ends of the thermal storage wall (3). The structure of the solar wall is similar to that of the existing Trombe walls and solar chimneys.

The heat storage wall source-air source heat pump system is roughly the same structure as the compressor-type heating and cooling air conditioner driven by electric energy in the prior art, including a compressor (5), a four-way reversing valve (6), an air duct air changer Heater (7), wall source heat exchanger (8), throttling component (9), indoor air heat exchanger (10), first liquid receiver (11a), second liquid receiver (11b), second An electric control valve (12a), a second electric control valve (12b), the four-way reversing valve (6) is provided with four ports, and the three ports of the four-way reversing valve (6) are sequentially connected with the compressor ( 5) The exhaust port, the suction port of the compressor (5), and one port of the refrigerant channel of the indoor air heat exchanger (10) are connected, and the other port of the refrigerant channel of the indoor air heat exchanger (10) is connected with the throttling One port of the part (9) is connected, and the other port of the throttling part (9) is respectively connected with one port of the duct air heat exchanger (7) and one port of the wall source heat exchanger (8), and the duct air The other port of the heat exchanger (7) and the other port of the wall source heat exchanger (8) respectively pass through the first electric control valve (12a) and the second electric control valve (12b) and the four-way reversing valve (6 ), the air duct air heat exchanger (7) and the wall source heat exchanger (8) are respectively connected in series with the first electric control valve (12a) and the second electric control valve (12b).

The wall source heat exchanger (8) is placed in the heat storage wall (3), the compressor (5), the four-way reversing valve (6), the air duct air heat exchanger (7), the first electric The control valve (12a) and the second electric control valve (12b) are placed in the air duct (13).

The indoor air heat exchanger (10) is responsible for supplying cooling or heating to the room, and is an air-cooled heat exchanger; the air duct air heat exchanger (7) is an air-cooled heat exchanger, which acts as an evaporator when the room needs heating. The wall source heat exchanger (8) is a wall-cooled heat exchanger, which acts as an evaporator only when the room needs heating. The throttling component (9) can be a capillary tube, a thermal expansion valve or an electronic expansion valve commonly used in the prior art.

In the heating mode, the indoor air heat exchanger (10) and the wall source heat exchanger (8) or the duct air heat exchanger ( 7) are connected; in cooling mode, the indoor air heat exchanger (10) is only connected to the duct air heat exchanger (7).

The heat storage wall (3) in the present invention is a heavy wall body or a light phase change wall body with relatively large heat storage capacity, and its indoor side is an insulation layer. Stores heat in full sun for use in low or no sun. But when the outdoor air temperature is higher than 28 DEG C, a sunshade roller blind (14) should be arranged in front of the heat absorbing plate (2), so as to prevent the heat storage wall (3) from storing too much heat and causing overheating in the room.

The heat-absorbing plate (2) in the present invention is a metal plate coated with a high-absorption and low-emissivity coating and pasted on the heat storage wall (3), or directly coated with a high-temperature coating on the outer surface of the heat storage wall (3). Absorptive low emissive coating. The glass cover plate (1) adopts high transparency and low reflection glass.

The air conditioning method of the present invention includes relying on the solar wall natural ventilation system to supply heat to the room or exhaust heat from the room and the heat storage wall source-air source heat pump system to work in heating mode or cooling mode, and the two systems can be independent Working, but also joint work: when the outdoor air temperature is in the range of 16~28℃, use the solar wall natural ventilation system to work independently to adjust the indoor air temperature, and the solar radiation passes through the glass cover plate (1) in the solar wall and is absorbed The heat plate (2) absorbs, and the temperature of the heat absorbing plate (2) rises, thereby heating the air in the air duct (13), so that the air forms a natural convection upward movement, the first air volume regulating valve (4a), the second air volume The regulating valve (4b) and the fourth air volume regulating valve (4d) are in the open state, and the third air volume regulating valve (4c) is in the closed state, and the outdoor air and indoor air enter the air duct, and after being heated, they flow from the glass cover plate (1) The air outlet on the top is discharged to the outside, so as to realize the natural ventilation of the solar wall and operate independently to adjust the indoor air temperature to be controlled within the range of 16~28°C; when the outdoor air temperature is lower than 16°C and the temperature of the thermal storage wall is higher than 20°C, the first The air volume regulating valve (4a) and the second air volume regulating valve (4b) are in the closed state, the third air volume regulating valve (4c) and the fourth air volume regulating valve (4d) are in the open state, and the solar radiation passes through the glass cover in the solar wall The plate (1) is absorbed by the heat absorbing plate (2), and the temperature of the heat absorbing plate (2) rises, and part of the heat absorbed is used to heat the air entering the air duct (13) from the lower end of the heat storage wall (3). Part of the indoor air passes along the heat storage wall (3) and is stored by the heat storage wall (3). The air in the air duct (13) absorbs the heat transferred to it by the heat absorption plate (2) through convective heat exchange. , the temperature rises, the density decreases, under the action of thermal buoyancy, the hot air rises, and the hot air enters the room from the air outlet on the top of the thermal storage wall (3), and only needs to provide heat through the solar wall natural ventilation system to work independently. Adjust the indoor air temperature; when the outdoor air temperature is lower than 16°C and the heat storage wall temperature is higher than the outdoor air temperature but not exceeding 20°C, the first air volume regulating valve (4a), the second air volume regulating valve (4b), the third The air volume regulating valve (4c) and the fourth air volume regulating valve (4d) are both in the closed state, the first electric control valve (12a) is in the closed state, the second electric control valve (12b) is in the open state, and the compressor (5) , four-way reversing valve (6), wall source heat exchanger (8), throttling component (9), indoor air heat exchanger (10), first liquid reservoir (11a), second liquid reservoir ( 11b), the solar wall source heat pump system composed of the second electric control valve (12b) works in heating mode and absorbs the heat energy existing in the solar wall to supply indoors to adjust the indoor air temperature; when the outdoor air temperature is lower than 16°C And when the temperature of the thermal storage wall is not higher than the outdoor air temperature, the first air volume regulating valve (4a) and the second air volume regulating valve (4b) are in the open state, the third air volume regulating valve (4c) and the fourth air volume regulating valve (4d ) are closed, the first electric control valve (12a) is open, The second electric control valve (12b) is in the closed state, and the compressor (5), four-way reversing valve (6), air duct air heat exchanger (7), throttling component (9), indoor air heat exchanger (10), the air source heat pump system composed of the first liquid reservoir (11a), the second liquid reservoir (11b), and the first electric control valve (12b) works in heating mode to absorb outdoor air and supply it to the room to achieve regulation Indoor air temperature purpose; when the outdoor air temperature is higher than 28°C, the first air volume regulating valve (4a) and the second air volume regulating valve (4b) are in an open state, the third air volume regulating valve (4c) and the fourth air volume regulating valve (4d) is in a closed state (or the third air volume regulating valve (4c) is in a closed state, and the fourth air volume regulating valve (4d) is in a half-open and half-closed state), and the solar wall is prevented from absorbing and penetrating by setting a sunshade roller blind (14). The solar radiation of the glass cover plate, the solar wall no longer stores heat, the first electric control valve (12a) is in the open state, the second electric control valve (12b) is in the closed state, and the compressor (5), four-way reversing valve (6), duct air heat exchanger (7), throttling component (9), indoor air heat exchanger (10), first liquid reservoir (11a), second liquid reservoir (11b), first The air source heat pump system composed of the electric control valve (12b) works in the cooling mode to provide cooling capacity to adjust the indoor air temperature, and the heat removed from the air duct air heat exchanger (7) is heated and enters through the air outlet at the lower end of the glass cover plate (1) The outdoor air in the air duct (13), the temperature of the upper part of the air duct (13) increases and the density decreases. Outdoors, the heat exchange effect of the air duct air heat exchanger (7) is enhanced through the joint action of the natural ventilation in the air duct (13) and the mechanical ventilation of the air duct air heat exchanger (7) in the air duct (13) to increase the cooling capacity of the system At the same time, the cooling capacity of the lower-temperature indoor air discharged through the tuyere at the lower end of the thermal storage wall (3) is recovered by the air duct air heat exchanger (7) and sent into the room again to adjust the indoor air temperature.

Claims (1)

1. an indoor air conditioning system for Solar wall gravity-flow ventilation, is characterized in that: comprise Solar wall natural ventilation system and Heat Storing Wall source-air source heat pump system totally two unit, described Solar wall natural ventilation system comprises glass cover-plate, solar absorber plate, Heat Storing Wall, roller blind, the first volume damper, the second volume damper, the 3rd volume damper and the 4th volume damper, between glass cover-plate and solar absorber plate, air channel is set, first volume damper and the second volume damper are successively set on the ventilating opening place, top and bottom of glass cover-plate, and the 3rd volume damper and the 4th volume damper are successively set on the ventilating opening place of the top and bottom of Heat Storing Wall, described Heat Storing Wall source-air source heat pump system comprises compressor, four-way change-over valve, air channel air heat exchanger, wall source heat exchanger, throttle part, indoor air exchanger, first reservoir, second reservoir, first motor-operated control valve, second motor-operated control valve, described four-way change-over valve is provided with four ports, wherein three ports of four-way change-over valve successively with exhaust outlet of compressor, compressor air suction mouth is connected with coolant channel port of indoor air exchanger, another port of the coolant channel of indoor air exchanger is connected with a port of throttle part, another port of throttle part is connected with a port of air channel air heat exchanger and a port of wall source heat exchanger respectively, another port of air channel air heat exchanger is connected with the 4th port of four-way change-over valve with the second motor-operated control valve respectively by the first motor-operated control valve with another port of wall source heat exchanger, described air channel air heat exchanger and wall source heat exchanger are connected in series successively with the first motor-operated control valve and the second motor-operated control valve respectively, described wall source heat exchanger is placed in Heat Storing Wall, described compressor, four-way change-over valve, air channel air heat exchanger, first motor-operated control valve and the second motor-operated control valve are placed in air channel.

2. the indoor air conditioning system of a kind of Solar wall gravity-flow ventilation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described Solar wall natural ventilation system and Heat Storing Wall source-air source heat pump system both can work independently, again can associated working.

3. the indoor air conditioning system of a kind of Solar wall gravity-flow ventilation described in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described Heat Storing Wall be have larger heat storage capacity heavy body of wall or for light phase transition body of wall, its indoor arranges heat-insulation layer; The absorber plate of described Heat Storing Wall is the metallic plate or the surface of wall that scribble high-absorbility low emissivity coatings.

4. the indoor air conditioning system of a kind of Solar wall gravity-flow ventilation described in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described glass cover-plate adopts high saturating low anti-glass.

5. the indoor air conditioning system of a kind of Solar wall gravity-flow ventilation described in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: the working media that described Heat Storing Wall source-air source heat pump adopts is R22, R134a, R1234yf, R152a, R290.