A kind of solar energy is full of circuit breaking controller
Technical field
The utility model relates to photovoltaic charged technical field, and specifically a kind of solar energy is full of circuit breaking controller.
Background technology
In recent years since, along with energy-saving and emission-reduction are more and more paid attention to by everybody, energy problem has become the focus of domestic and international academia and business circles research.Due to the energy that solar energy is a kind of inexhaustible, nexhaustible, cleanliness without any pollution, utilize solar energy for charge in batteries, be dirt cheap.The application utilizing solar energy to be charge in batteries has related to social all trades and professions and every field, and the charger of supporting generation thereupon is also constantly being improved and developing.In prior art, utilize solar panel to charge to storage battery, easy overcharge, shorten the useful life of storage battery, cause the damage of storage battery and easily bring unnecessary potential safety hazard.
Utility model content
For above-mentioned prior art Problems existing, the utility model provides a kind of solar energy to be full of circuit breaking controller, can effectively prevent overcharge from causing injury to storage battery.
To achieve these goals, the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of solar energy is full of circuit breaking controller, comprising: solar energy photovoltaic panel, storage battery, solar energy photovoltaic panel voltage sampling circuit, solar panel sampled voltage and storage battery sampled voltage comparator, battery tension sample circuit, charging control circuit.
The annexation forming the device of each circuit is as follows.
Battery tension sample circuit: the anode of storage battery is connected with the 8th resistance, and the 8th resistance is connected with the 13 variable resistor, the connecting line between the negative pole of the 13 variable resistor and solar panel and the negative pole of storage battery is connected, and forms a closed-loop path; 13 variable resistor moving plate pin is connected with the negative input end of solar panel sampled voltage with storage battery sampled voltage comparator; Battery tension sample circuit also comprises the 11 variable resistor; 11 variable resistor one end is connected with the connecting line between the 8th resistance and the 13 variable resistor, the other end is connected with the collector electrode of the 3rd triode, the emitter of the 3rd triode is connected with the connecting line between the negative pole of solar panel and the negative pole of storage battery, and the base stage of the 3rd triode is connected with the output of solar panel sampled voltage with storage battery sampled voltage comparator by the 3rd resistance.
Solar energy photovoltaic panel voltage sampling circuit: the positive pole of solar energy photovoltaic panel is connected with the 12 resistance, the 12 resistance is connected by the connecting line between the negative pole of sampling filter voltage stabilizing circuit and solar panel and the negative pole of storage battery; Sampling filter voltage stabilizing circuit comprises the following electric elements be connected in parallel:
A, diode;
B, the first electric capacity;
The series circuit that c, the 5th resistance are formed together with the tenth resistant series;
D, solar panel sampled voltage and storage battery sampled voltage comparator.These electronics unit devices are in parallel, can play voltage stabilizing, filtering, provide the solar energy photovoltaic panel sampled voltage that stable.Solar energy photovoltaic panel voltage sampling circuit is used for the sampling to the voltage of solar energy photovoltaic panel, and the anode to storage battery sampled voltage comparator (U1A) inputs a stable solar energy photovoltaic panel sampled voltage.
Solar panel sampled voltage is connected with the connecting line between the 5th resistance with the tenth resistance with the positive input terminal of storage battery sampled voltage comparator;
Tenth resistance one end is connected with the 5th resistance, and the connecting line between the negative pole of the other end and solar panel and the negative pole of storage battery is connected.
Charging control circuit: the source electrode of the first field effect transistor is connected with the positive pole of solar energy photovoltaic panel, the drain electrode of the first field effect transistor is connected with the anode of storage battery, and the grid of the first field effect transistor is connected with the collector electrode of the second triode; The emitter of the second triode is connected with the connecting line between the negative pole of solar panel and the negative pole of storage battery; The base stage of the second triode is connected with the output of solar panel sampled voltage with storage battery sampled voltage comparator by the second resistance; The first resistance is connected with between the source electrode of the first field effect transistor and grid.
Battery tension sample circuit has two parts, and a part is the sample circuit that the 8th resistance and the 13 variable resistor form, and provides the voltage of a storage battery, is connected, provides the working condition of storage battery with the negative input end of storage battery sampled voltage comparator.
During work, when battery tension is lower than photovoltaic panel voltage, the voltage of the anode of solar panel sampled voltage and storage battery sampled voltage comparator is greater than the voltage of its negative terminal, the output of solar panel sampled voltage and storage battery sampled voltage comparator has electric current to pass through, the second triode operation be connected with the second resistance also makes the first field effect transistor work, first field effect transistor is communicated with the positive pole of photovoltaic panel and the positive pole of storage battery, and now, solar energy photovoltaic panel is to charge in batteries.
After storage battery is full of electricity, the voltage of the anode of solar panel sampled voltage and storage battery sampled voltage comparator be not greater than the voltage of its negative terminal, solar panel sampled voltage and storage battery sampled voltage comparator output terminal no current pass through, the second triode be connected with the second resistance does not work and the first field effect transistor is not worked, first field effect transistor is not communicated with the positive pole of photovoltaic panel and the positive pole of storage battery, now, solar energy photovoltaic panel stops to charge in batteries.
Another part of battery tension sample circuit comprises the circuit of the 3rd triode, the 11 variable resistor, the 3rd resistance composition.
The object arranging this circuit is, when charge in batteries closes on balance point, the electric discharge that storage battery is seldom measured, namely the first field effect transistor works and start charging, and the first field effect transistor frequent starting, is unfavorable for the useful life of whole device.When the 11 variable resistor work, 3rd triode operation, 3rd triode is connected with the negative pole of storage battery, be equivalent to the variable-resistance magnitude of voltage of increase the 13, thus improve the magnitude of voltage of the negative terminal of solar panel sampled voltage and storage battery sampled voltage comparator, like this, when only having battery tension to reduce more remarkable, first field effect transistor just can start, thus effectively prevents the first field effect transistor frequent starting.
Further, the first field effect transistor is P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe.
Further, P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe is IFR9540 type P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe.
Further, this controller also comprises charged state indicating circuit, charged state indicating circuit is connected successively formed by voltage comparator, the 6th resistance, the second indicator light, the positive input terminal of voltage comparator is connected with the connecting line between the 5th resistance with the tenth resistance, and the negative input end of voltage comparator is connected with the connecting line between the negative pole of solar panel and the negative pole of storage battery.
Further, the 4th resistance and the first indicator light form series circuit, and the connecting line between the negative pole of this series circuit one end and solar panel and the negative pole of storage battery is connected, and the other end is connected with the 12 resistance.
Further, the 5th resistance is identical with the resistance size of the tenth resistance.
Further, the connecting line between the negative pole of solar panel and the negative pole of storage battery is connected with ground by circuit.
Further, the second electric capacity is connected with between the connecting line between the negative pole of solar panel and the negative pole of storage battery and the connecting line of the 5th resistance and the tenth resistance.
The utility model can make solar panel stable to charge in batteries, after storage battery is full of, can stop to storage battery continue charging, charge in batteries ability reduce after, can regulate the adjustable resistance of storage battery sample circuit, adaptability is good.Storage battery sample circuit is provided with the 3rd triode, the 11 variable resistor, the 3rd resistance, charges frequently, improve the useful life of device when storage battery can be prevented to be full of a small amount of electricity of rear use.Be provided with indicator light, be convenient to user and understand charge condition.The present embodiment has simple structure, with low cost, easy to use, and energy-conserving and environment-protective are safe and reliable, practical feature.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural schematic block diagram of the present utility model.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described further.
Embodiment 1.As shown in Figure 1,. a kind of solar energy is full of circuit breaking controller, it is characterized in that this controller comprises: solar energy photovoltaic panel V1, storage battery V2, solar energy photovoltaic panel voltage sampling circuit, solar panel sampled voltage and storage battery sampled voltage comparator U1A, battery tension sample circuit, charging control circuit.
The annexation forming the device of each circuit is as follows.
Battery tension sample circuit: the anode V2+ of storage battery is connected with the 8th resistance R8,8th resistance R8 is connected with the 13 variable resistor R13, connecting line between the negative pole of the 13 variable resistor R13 and solar panel and the negative pole of storage battery is connected, and forms a closed-loop path; 13 variable resistor R13 moving plate pin is connected with the negative input end of solar panel sampled voltage with storage battery sampled voltage comparator U1A; Battery tension sample circuit also comprises the 11 variable resistor R11; 11 variable resistor R11 one end is connected with the connecting line between the 8th resistance R8 and the 13 variable resistor R13, the other end is connected with the collector electrode of the 3rd triode Q3, connecting line between the emitter of the 3rd triode Q3 with the negative pole V1-of solar panel and the negative pole V2-of storage battery is connected, and the base stage of the 3rd triode Q3 is connected with the output of solar panel sampled voltage with storage battery sampled voltage comparator U1A by the 3rd resistance R3.
Solar energy photovoltaic panel voltage sampling circuit: the positive pole V1+ of solar energy photovoltaic panel is connected with the 12 resistance R12, the 12 resistance R12 is connected by the connecting line between the negative pole of sampling filter voltage stabilizing circuit and solar panel and the negative pole of storage battery; Sampling filter voltage stabilizing circuit comprises the following electric elements be connected in parallel:
A, diode D1;
B, the first electric capacity C1;
C, the 5th resistance R5 and the tenth resistance R10 are cascaded the series circuit formed;
D, solar panel sampled voltage and storage battery sampled voltage comparator U1A.
Solar panel sampled voltage is connected with the connecting line between the 5th resistance R5 with the tenth resistance R10 with the positive input terminal of storage battery sampled voltage comparator U1A.
Tenth resistance R10 one end is connected with the 5th resistance R5, and the connecting line between the negative pole V1-of the other end and solar panel and the negative pole V2-of storage battery is connected.
Charging control circuit: the source electrode of the first field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the positive pole V1+ of solar energy photovoltaic panel, the drain electrode of the first field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the anode V2+ of storage battery, and the grid of the first field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the collector electrode of the second triode Q2; Connecting line between the emitter of the second triode Q2 with the negative pole V1-of solar panel and the negative pole V2-of storage battery is connected; The base stage of the second triode is connected with the output of solar panel sampled voltage with storage battery sampled voltage comparator U1A by the second resistance R2; The first resistance R1 is connected with between the source electrode of the first field effect transistor Q1 and grid.
First field effect transistor Q1 is IFR9540 type P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe.The G pin of the first field effect transistor Q1 is grid, and D pin is source electrode, and S pin is drain electrode.
This controller also comprises charged state indicating circuit, charged state indicating circuit is connected successively formed by voltage comparator U1B, the 6th resistance R6, the second indicator light LED2, the positive input terminal of voltage comparator U1B is connected with the connecting line between the 5th resistance R5 with the tenth resistance R10, and the connecting line between the negative input end of voltage comparator U1B with the negative pole V1-of solar panel and the negative pole V2-of storage battery is connected.
4th resistance R4 and the first indicator light LED1 forms series circuit, and the connecting line between the negative pole V1-of this series circuit one end and solar panel and the negative pole V2-of storage battery is connected, and the other end is connected with the 12 resistance R2.
5th resistance R5 is identical with the resistance size of the tenth resistance R10.The b pin of the second triode, the 3rd triode is base stage, and e pin is collector electrode, and c pin is emitter.
Connecting line between the negative pole V1-of solar panel and the negative pole V2-of storage battery is connected with ground by circuit.The second electric capacity C2 is connected with between the connecting line of the connecting line between the negative pole V1-of solar panel and the negative pole V2-of storage battery and the 5th resistance R5 and the tenth resistance R10.
In the present embodiment, battery tension sample circuit has two parts, and a part is the sample circuit that the 8th resistance R8 and the 13 variable resistor R13 forms, and provides the voltage of a storage battery, be connected with the negative input end of storage battery sampled voltage comparator U1A, the working condition of storage battery is provided.
During work, when battery tension is lower than photovoltaic panel voltage, the voltage of the anode of solar panel sampled voltage and storage battery sampled voltage comparator U1A is greater than the voltage of its negative terminal, the output of solar panel sampled voltage and storage battery sampled voltage comparator U1A has electric current to pass through, the the second triode Q2 be connected with the second resistance R2 works and the first field effect transistor Q1 is worked, first field effect transistor Q1 is communicated with the positive pole of photovoltaic panel and the positive pole of storage battery, now, solar energy photovoltaic panel is to charge in batteries.
After storage battery is full of electricity, the voltage of the anode of solar panel sampled voltage and storage battery sampled voltage comparator U1A be not greater than the voltage of its negative terminal, solar panel sampled voltage and storage battery sampled voltage comparator U1A output no current pass through, the the second triode Q2 be connected with the second resistance R2 does not work and the first field effect transistor Q1 is not worked, first field effect transistor Q1 is not communicated with the positive pole of photovoltaic panel and the positive pole of storage battery, now, solar energy photovoltaic panel stops to charge in batteries.
The circuit that another part comprises the 3rd triode Q3, the 11 variable resistor R11, the 3rd resistance R3 forms of battery tension sample circuit.
The object arranging this circuit is, when charge in batteries closes on balance point, the electric discharge that storage battery is seldom measured, namely the first field effect transistor Q1 works and start charging, and the first field effect transistor Q1 frequent starting, is unfavorable for the useful life of whole device.When the 11 variable resistor R11 works, 3rd triode Q3 works, 3rd triode Q3 is connected with the negative pole of storage battery, be equivalent to the variable-resistance magnitude of voltage of increase the 13, thus improve the magnitude of voltage of the negative terminal of solar panel sampled voltage and storage battery sampled voltage comparator, like this, when only having battery tension to reduce more remarkable, first field effect transistor Q1 just can start, thus effectively prevents the first field effect transistor Q1 frequent starting.
The present embodiment has simple structure, with low cost, easy to use, and energy-conserving and environment-protective are safe and reliable, practical feature.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, be not limited to the utility model, although be described in detail the utility model with reference to previous embodiment, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.All within spirit of the present utility model and principle, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection range of the present utility model.