CN204752384U - 电镀漂洗废水处理系统 - Google Patents
电镀漂洗废水处理系统 Download PDFInfo
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- CN204752384U CN204752384U CN201520383093.0U CN201520383093U CN204752384U CN 204752384 U CN204752384 U CN 204752384U CN 201520383093 U CN201520383093 U CN 201520383093U CN 204752384 U CN204752384 U CN 204752384U
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
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- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials 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Abstract
本实用新型公开一种电镀漂洗废水处理系统，包括通过管道依次连接的调节池、石英砂过滤器、第一保安过滤器、超滤装置、中间水箱、第二保安过滤器、反渗透装置和回用水箱，在所述第一保安过滤器和超滤装置之间设有增压泵，在所述第二保安过滤器和反渗透装置之间设有高压泵。采用本实用新型的电镀漂洗废水处理系统的显著效果是，通过对电镀漂洗废水的多级过滤，能减小电耗及药剂用量，降低运行费用高，对电镀漂洗废水处理彻底，从而能达标排放吗，处理后的废水能回用，减小水资源的浪费，处理后重金属离子重新回收，不会造成毒性重金属的二次污染，避免大量贵重重金属离子的流失。
Description
技术领域
[0001] 本实用新型涉及一种废水处理系统，具体涉及一种电镀漂洗废水处理系统。
背景技术
[0002] 电镀工业是我国重要的加工业，其产品广泛地应用于各个行业中，同时电镀行业也是当今污染最严重的工业之一，其生产过程中会产生的废水，含有大量的重金属离子，毒性大，污染重，外排不但给环境带来严重污染，同时也造成了大量贵重金属资源的流失。
[0003] 电镀废水主要由前处理酸碱洗涤废水和电镀工序漂洗废水组成，其中酸碱洗涤废水主要的污染物为洗涤下来的油、锈物、酸碱等。这部分污水经过简单的物化处理即可排放或可经进一步深化处理后即可回用；而漂洗废水主要含有相应镀种的重金属离子，重金属离子含量高，污染重，常规方法处理成本高，不易达标。
[0004] 目前电镀废水常用的处理工艺有化学法、离子交换法、电解法等。
[0005] 化学法处理电镀废水，是目前国内外应用最广泛的电镀废水处理技术，技术上较为成熟。化学法包括沉淀法，氧化还原法，铁氧体法等，是一种传统和应用广泛的处理电镀废水方法，具有投资少，处理成本低，操作简单等特点，适用于各类电镀金属废水处理。但化学法的最大不足之处，是生产用水不能回收利用，浪费水资源且占用场地较大。
[0006] 电解法是利用金属的电化学性质，在直流电作用下而除去废水中的金属离子，是处理含有高浓度电沉积金属废水的一种有效方法，处理效率高，便于回收利用。但该法缺点是不适用于处理含较低浓度的金属废水，并且电耗大，成本高，一般经浓缩后再电解经济效益较好。
[0007] 离子交换法是利用离子交换剂分离废水中有害物质的方法，含重金属废水通过交换剂时，交换器上的离子同水中的金属离子进行交换，达到去除水中金属离子的目的。此法操作简单，便捷，残渣稳定，无二次污染，但由于离子交换剂选择性强，制造复杂，成本高，再生剂耗量大，因此在应用上受到很大限制。
[0008] 吸附法是利用吸附剂的独特结构去除重金属离子的一种方法。传统吸附剂有活性炭，腐植酸、聚糖树脂、碴藻土等。实践证明，使用不同吸附剂的吸附法，不同程度地存在投资大，运行费用高，污泥产生量大等问题，处理后的水难于达标排放。
[0009] 因此，目前现有技术的缺点是:
[0010] 1、电耗及药剂用量大，运行费用高
[0011] 2、对污水的处理不彻底，导致排放不达标，环境污染重。
[0012] 3、处理后的废水不能回用，造成大量水资源浪费，处理的重金属离子进入污泥，不能回收，污泥处理费用高，不但造成毒性重金属的二次污染，而且造成大量的贵重重金属离子的流失。
实用新型内容
[0013] 为解决以上技术问题，本实用新型提供一种电镀漂洗废水处理系统。
[0014] 技术方案如下:
[0015] 一种电镀漂洗废水处理系统，其关键在于:包括通过管道依次连接的调节池、石英砂过滤器、第一保安过滤器、超滤装置、中间水箱、第二保安过滤器、反渗透装置和回用水箱，在所述第一保安过滤器和超滤装置之间设有增压栗，在所述第二保安过滤器和反渗透装置之间设有高压栗。
[0016] 采用以上技术方案的显著效果是，调节池的目的是对水质水量进行调节，保证进入后道工序的污水的水质水量均衡。废水经调节池调节水质水量后进入石英砂过滤器，去除污水中的悬浮污染物和胶体，减轻后续处理的负荷。同时避免这些悬浮物和胶体进入后续膜处理工序堵塞膜孔。石英砂过滤器过滤后的污水进入第一保安过滤器作进一步的过滤处理，去除污水中的悬浮物和胶体，确保超滤装置的进水条件，对超滤装置起保护作用。由于石英砂过滤及第一保安过滤器仅能去除5微米以上的悬浮物和胶体，而对5微米以下的悬浮物和胶体去除率较低，这部分污染物如果直接进入反渗透浓缩，容易造成反渗透膜的堵塞及膜系统的破坏，且影响浓缩液的纯度及质量，对浓缩液的回用于电镀槽对镀件的品质产生一定的影响，故设置超滤装置，其主要目的是对污水中小于5微米的悬浮物、细菌、微生物和胶体等作较彻底的去除，保证反渗透进水的SDI值小于3，确保反渗透系统的稳定高效运行。超滤装置处理后的污水进入中间水箱储存，然后经第二保安过滤器预处理，最后经高压栗栗入反渗透装置，在加压情况下，将电镀漂洗废水加入反渗透膜处理系统，污水中的重金属离子、各种助剂等污水中的各种物质被拦截，经反渗透膜过滤后的高纯洁净水进入回用水箱储存以供回用。
[0017] 上述石英砂过滤器分别连接有过滤反洗储水池和反洗沉淀池，其中过滤反洗储水池的出水口通过反冲洗栗对石英砂过滤器进行反冲洗，石英砂过滤器反冲洗后的污泥进入所述反洗沉淀池，该反洗沉淀池的污泥通过污泥栗送入压滤机，所述反洗沉淀池的污水通过管道送入所述调节池。采用以上技术方案，石英砂过滤器运行一段时间后，拦截的悬浮污染物太多，一方面会影响出水水质，另一方面使进水水头损失增大，故此时需进行反冲洗。
[0018] 上述石英砂过滤器的部分滤水送入过滤反洗储水池备用，反冲洗时，由反冲洗栗自过滤反洗储水池取水，对石英砂过滤器进行反冲洗，使石英砂过滤器恢复其处理能力。石英砂过滤器反冲洗后的污泥进入反洗沉淀池沉淀，污泥经污泥栗送至压滤机处置。
[0019] 上述超滤装置和反渗透装置连接有同一个化学清洗系统，该化学清洗系统包括化学清洗箱和清洗过滤器，化学清洗箱和清洗过滤器之间通过清洗栗连接，所述清洗过滤器的化学清洗液分别通过管道进入所述超滤装置和反渗透装置，所述超滤装置和反渗透装置的清洗液回流水分别通过管道进入所述化学清洗箱。采用以上技术方案，超滤装置和反渗透装置运行一段时间后均需定期进行冲洗及进行化学清洗。
[0020] 上述反渗透装置的滤后清水进入所述回用水箱，所述反渗透装置的浓缩液通过管道进入电镀槽。采用以上技术方案，反渗透装置
[0021] 将电镀漂洗废水中的重金属离子、各种助剂等物质拦截，经反渗透装置过滤后的高纯洁净水进入回用水箱储存以供回用，而未滤过的重金属离子被浓缩形成高金属离子的浓液，通过管道进入电镀槽，被充原料配浓后重复用于电镀。
[0022] 有益效果:采用本实用新型的电镀漂洗废水处理系统，通过对电镀漂洗废水的多级过滤，能减小电耗及药剂用量，降低运行费用高，对电镀漂洗废水处理彻底，从而能达标排放吗，处理后的废水能回用，减小水资源的浪费，处理后重金属离子重新回收，不会造成毒性重金属的二次污染，避免大量贵重重金属离子的流失。
附图说明
[0023] 图1为本实用新型的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
[0024] 下面结合实施例和附图对本实用新型作进一步说明。
[0025] 如图1所示，一种电镀漂洗废水处理系统，包括通过管道依次连接的调节池1、石英砂过滤器2、第一保安过滤器3、超滤装置4、中间水箱5、第二保安过滤器6、反渗透装置7和回用水箱8，在所述第一保安过滤器3和超滤装置4之间设有增压栗9，在所述第二保安过滤器6和反渗透装置7之间设有高压栗10。
[0026] 所述石英砂过滤器2分别连接有过滤反洗储水池11和反洗沉淀池12，其中过滤反洗储水池11的出水口通过反冲洗栗15对石英砂过滤器2进行反冲洗，石英砂过滤器2反冲洗后的污泥进入所述反洗沉淀池12，该反洗沉淀池12的污泥通过污泥栗13送入压滤机14，所述反洗沉淀池12的污水通过管道送入所述调节池I。
[0027] 所述超滤装置4和反渗透装置7连接有同一个化学清洗系统a，该化学清洗系统a包括化学清洗箱al和清洗过滤器a2，化学清洗箱al和清洗过滤器a2之间通过清洗栗a3连接，所述清洗过滤器a2的化学清洗液分别通过管道进入所述超滤装置4和反渗透装置7，所述超滤装置4和反渗透装置7的清洗液回流水分别通过管道进入所述化学清洗箱al。
[0028] 所述反渗透装置7的滤后清水进入所述回用水箱8，所述反渗透装置7的浓缩液通过管道进入电镀槽16。
[0029] 所述调节池I和石英砂过滤器2之间的管道上设有提升栗17，在所述中间水箱5和第二保安过滤器6之间的管道上设有进水栗18，所述回用水箱8的出水管连接有回用栗19。
[0030] 最后需要说明的是，上述描述仅仅为本实用新型的优选实施例，本领域的普通技术人员在本实用新型的启示下，在不违背本实用新型宗旨及权利要求的前提下，可以做出多种类似的表示，这样的变换均落入本实用新型的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种电镀漂洗废水处理系统，其特征在于:包括通过管道依次连接的调节池(I)、石英砂过滤器(2)、第一保安过滤器(3)、超滤装置(4)、中间水箱(5)、第二保安过滤器(6)、反渗透装置(7)和回用水箱(8)，在所述第一保安过滤器(3)和超滤装置(4)之间设有增压栗(9)，在所述第二保安过滤器(6)和反渗透装置(7)之间设有高压栗(10)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电镀漂洗废水处理系统，其特征在于:所述石英砂过滤器(2)分别连接有过滤反洗储水池(11)和反洗沉淀池(12)，其中过滤反洗储水池(11)的出水口通过反冲洗栗(15)对石英砂过滤器(2)进行反冲洗，石英砂过滤器(2)反冲洗后的污泥进入所述反洗沉淀池(12)，该反洗沉淀池(12)的污泥通过污泥栗(13)送入压滤机(14)，所述反洗沉淀池(12)的污水通过管道送入所述调节池(I)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的电镀漂洗废水处理系统，其特征在于:所述超滤装置(4)和反渗透装置(7)连接有同一个化学清洗系统(a)，该化学清洗系统(a)包括化学清洗箱(al)和清洗过滤器(a2)，化学清洗箱(al)和清洗过滤器(a2)之间通过清洗栗(a3)连接，所述清洗过滤器(a2)的化学清洗液分别通过管道进入所述超滤装置(4)和反渗透装置(7)，所述超滤装置(4)和反渗透装置(7)的清洗液回流水分别通过管道进入所述化学清洗箱(al)ο
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的电镀漂洗废水处理系统，其特征在于:所述反渗透装置(7)的滤后清水进入所述回用水箱(8)，所述反渗透装置(7)的浓缩液通过管道进入电镀槽(16)。
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