CN204726174U - A kind of automobile double front-axle structure adopting the tilting plate spring suspension brackets of dependent - Google Patents
A kind of automobile double front-axle structure adopting the tilting plate spring suspension brackets of dependent Download PDFInfo
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- CN204726174U CN204726174U CN201520412221.XU CN201520412221U CN204726174U CN 204726174 U CN204726174 U CN 204726174U CN 201520412221 U CN201520412221 U CN 201520412221U CN 204726174 U CN204726174 U CN 204726174U
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- leaf spring
- tilting
- tilting leaf
- propons
- vehicle frame
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Abstract
Adopt an automobile double front-axle structure for the tilting plate spring suspension brackets of dependent, comprise vehicle frame, the first propons, the second propons and steering swivel system, two propons include two tilting plate spring suspension brackets, rigid axle and Ackerman steering mechanisms; Each tilting plate spring suspension brackets comprises four tilting leaf springs, and first and the 4th tilting leaf spring are about vehicle bridge symmetry, and second symmetrical about vehicle bridge with the 3rd tilting leaf spring; The intersection in first, the 4th determined longitudinal center of symmetry face of tilting leaf spring and the intersection in second, the 3rd determined longitudinal center of symmetry face of tilting leaf spring is parallel to each other or conllinear. the double-front axle structure of the longitudinal plate spring suspension brackets of the utility model more traditional employing dependent, there is high bearing capacity, wheel alignment parameter variable quantity can be reduced, increase leaf spring carrying width between centers, reduce abnormal tyre wearing and tearing; And add wheel steering scope, make car load have better low speed alerting ability.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to automotive suspension and steering swivel system, particularly with the structure innovation of the double-front axle suspension of turning function, belongs to automotive engineering field.
Background technology
Vehicle bridge is also known as axletree, and its most basic function bears the load of automobile, maintains automobile and normally travels on road.According to structural requirement, some vehicle bridge need possess additional function, as wheel drives, makes wheel steering etc.Therefore, vehicle bridge presses the difference of additional function, can have following three basic forms of it: drive axle, steeraxle and supporting bridge.Double-front axle refers to that automobile comprises two front steering axles, and is connected by steering gear connection between two vehicle bridge.Double-front axle is generally used for medium and heavy commercial vehicle/comm..vehicle, and double-front axle automobile more single propons automobile has better load-carrying capacity and less turn radius.
Double-front axle structure generally comprises vehicle frame, steering swivel system, the first front steering axle and the second front steering axle, and wherein propons comprises again vehicle bridge and suspension system.The steering swivel system that current double-front axle adopts is multi link steering swivel system, the equal dependent plate spring suspension brackets of suspension system.This suspension comprises the multi-disc leaf spring of a vehicle bridge and vehicle frame both sides, leaf spring is longitudinally arranged along vehicle frame, leaf spring one end and vehicle frame hinged, the other end by fork and vehicle frame hinged, vehicle bridge is fixedly connected with by parts such as suspension ring with the centre of both sides leaf spring, and it exists following not enough: 1) because longitudinal plate spring structure is asymmetric about vehicle bridge, vehicle in the process of moving, the distortion of leaf spring stand under load causes wheel alignment parameter variation range comparatively large, be unfavorable for car load operational stability, and wheel inordinate wear is serious; 2) longitudinal multi-disc leaf spring belongs to cascaded structure in essence, once wherein arbitrary leaf spring lost efficacy, whole suspension namely can be caused to lose efficacy, and its reliability was poor; 3) lateral distance of the longitudinal leaf spring in vehicle frame both sides is carrying width between centers, in order to improve car load anti-roll capability, carrying centre distance must be increased, and cause lateral distance between wheel and vehicle frame or steering track rod to reduce, cause wheel steering scope reduces, make car load maneuverability not enough; Otherwise increase wheel steering scope, then carry width between centers and reduce, car load anti-roll capability reduces.
Chinese patent literature (publication number CN104175824A and CN103963590A) discloses a kind of semi-detached steel plate suspension, and this suspension adopts the arrangement of tilting leaf spring, has the advantages that to improve wheel alignment parameter and increase carrying width between centers.But the suspension leaf spring that above-mentioned patented technology relates to is multi-disc compound leaf spring, and allow relative motion between leaf spring and steering swivel, in wheel bounce process, easily cause leaf spring and steering swivel serious wear, under extreme loads, even may occur that wheel side is to the accident come off.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model uses the longitudinal leaf spring of multi-disc for commercial car or uses the problem of the longitudinal leaf spring of monolithic and undercapacity, a kind of automobile double front-axle structure adopting the tilting plate spring suspension brackets of dependent is provided, ensure load-carrying capacity and the reliability of vehicle, reduce the inordinate wear of tire, increase carrying width between centers simultaneously, further raising car load anti-roll capability, is conducive to car load operational stability.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved by the following technical solution:
Adopt an automobile double front-axle structure for the tilting plate spring suspension brackets of dependent, this structure comprises vehicle frame, the first propons, the second propons and steering swivel system; Described first propons comprises the plate spring suspension brackets of vehicle frame both sides, the first rigid axle, the first Ackerman steering mechanism and wheel; Described second propons comprises the plate spring suspension brackets of vehicle frame both sides, the second rigid axle, the second Ackerman steering mechanism and wheel; The first described Ackerman steering mechanism comprises steering swivel on the left of the first propons, the first propons right hand steering joint and the 5th connecting rod; The second described Ackerman steering mechanism comprises steering swivel on the left of the second propons, the second propons right hand steering joint and double leval jib; Every side plate spring suspension brackets comprises leaf spring, vehicle bridge transom and vehicle frame transom; Vehicle bridge transom and the first rigid axle affixed, the first rigid axle is connected with wheel by hub-bearing unit; Vehicle frame transom is fixed on vehicle frame;
It is characterized in that: described leaf spring adopts four tilting leaf springs, four tilting leaf springs are respectively the tilting leaf spring of first, second tilting leaf spring, the 3rd tilting leaf spring and the 4th tilting leaf spring, the tilting leaf spring one end of every sheet is connected with vehicle frame transom, and the other end is connected with vehicle bridge transom; The tilting leaf spring of described first and the 4th tilting leaf spring are about the first rigid axle symmetry, and second tilting leaf spring and the 3rd tilting leaf spring are about the first rigid axle symmetry; Parallel to each other or the conllinear of the intersection in the intersection in the tilting leaf spring of first, the 4th determined longitudinal center of symmetry face of tilting leaf spring and second tilting leaf spring, the 3rd determined longitudinal center of symmetry face of tilting leaf spring; The angular range of the tilting leaf spring of first and the 4th determined longitudinal center of symmetry of tilting leaf spring is 60 ° ~ 120 °, and the angular range of second tilting leaf spring and the 3rd determined longitudinal center of symmetry of tilting leaf spring is 60 ° ~ 120 °.
Preferably, the angle in the tilting leaf spring of first and the 4th determined longitudinal center of symmetry face of tilting leaf spring is 90 °, and the angle in second tilting leaf spring and the 3rd determined longitudinal center of symmetry face of tilting leaf spring is 90 °.
Another technical characteristic of the present utility model is also: be often provided with rubber tie plate between the tilting leaf spring of sheet and vehicle frame transom.
Technical characteristic of the present utility model is also: every tilting leaf spring of sheet is connected with vehicle bridge transom by bolt, and is provided with rubber bush on bolt.
The utility model compared with prior art, have the following advantages and high-lighting effect: traditional longitudinal multi-disc leaf spring design, in order to improve car load anti-roll capability, carrying centre distance must be increased, and increase carrying centre distance lateral distance between wheel and vehicle frame or steering track rod will be caused to reduce, and then cause wheel steering scope to reduce, make car load maneuverability not enough; Otherwise increase wheel steering scope, then carry width between centers and reduce, car load anti-roll capability reduces; The utility model can increase carrying centre distance, effectively reduce the variable quantity of vehicle wheel alignment parameter in the process of moving, tilting leaf spring essence belongs to parallel institution simultaneously, ensure that load-carrying capacity and the reliability of vehicle, reduce the inordinate wear of tire, its carrying width between centers is comparatively large simultaneously, improves car load anti-roll capability, is conducive to car load operational stability.Semi-independent plate spring suspension brackets comparatively involved by prior art (CN104175824A and CN103963590A), in the utility model, both sides suspension is connected with rigid axle simultaneously, suspension integral rigidity can not only be improved, improve wheel alignment parameter, and significantly can improve load-carrying capacity and the reliability of suspension system; Described leaf spring is monolithic leaf spring simultaneously, reduce processing, assembly technology difficulty, decrease productive costs, and leaf spring two ends are all bolted, avoid the movable connection method of leaf spring and steering swivel in CN104175824A and CN103963590A, the reliability of suspension system can be guaranteed.In addition, owing to adopting dependent formula suspension frame structure, vehicle bridge also significantly improves load-carrying capacity and the reliability of suspension system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is integral structure schematic diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is steering swivel system schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is suspension and steering knuckle member schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is tilting leaf spring and vehicle frame transom schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 a is tilting leaf spring and vehicle bridge transom schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 b is tilting leaf spring and vehicle bridge transom generalized section.
Fig. 6 is slewing journal structure figure.
Fig. 7 is vehicle bridge and vehicle bridge transom constructional drawing.
Fig. 8 is carrying width between centers comparison diagram.
Fig. 9 is wheel alignment parameter change schematic diagram.
Figure 10 a is that wheel left-handed turning is to schematic diagram.
Figure 10 b is that wheel right-hand turning is to schematic diagram.
In figure: A-the first propons, B-the second propons, C-steering linkage, 1-bearing circle, 2-deflector, 3-the first fork, 4-first connecting rod, 5-second connecting rod, 6-third connecting rod, 7-vehicle frame transom, 8-the second fork, 9-the double leval jib, 10-the second rigid axle, 11-the first rigid axle, 12-tilting leaf spring, the tilting leaf spring of 12a-first, a 12b-the second tilting leaf spring, a 12c-three tilting leaf spring, a 12d-four tilting leaf spring, 13-steering swivel, steering swivel on the left of 13a-the first propons, the right hand steering of 13b-the first propons saves, steering swivel on the left of 13c-the second propons, the right hand steering of 13d-the second propons saves, 14-wheel, 15-vehicle bridge transom, 16-vehicle frame, 17-the five connecting rod, 18-pin, 19-rubber tie plate, 20-rubber bush, 21-longitudinal leaf spring, L-longitudinal leaf spring carrying width between centers, L
0-tilting leaf spring carrying width between centers.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, structure of the present utility model, principle and detailed description of the invention are further described.
Fig. 1 is integral structure schematic diagram of the present utility model, and this structure comprises vehicle frame 16, steering swivel system, the first propons and the second propons; Described steering swivel system is made up of bearing circle 1, deflector 2 and steering linkage; Described first propons comprises the plate spring suspension brackets of vehicle frame both sides, the first rigid axle 11, wheel 14 and the first Ackerman steering mechanism; Described second propons comprises the tilting plate spring suspension brackets of vehicle frame both sides, the second rigid axle 10, wheel 14 and the second Ackerman steering mechanism; The first described Ackerman steering mechanism comprises steering swivel 13a on the left of the first propons, the first propons right hand steering joint 13b and the 5th connecting rod 17; The second described Ackerman steering mechanism comprises steering swivel 13c on the left of the second propons, the second propons right hand steering joint 13d and double leval jib 9.
The first rigid axle 11 in described first propons is connected on vehicle frame 16 by two tilting plate spring suspension brackets, each tilting plate spring suspension structure comprises four tilting leaf springs, every sheet leaf spring one end is connected with vehicle frame transom 7 by bolt, the other end is connected with vehicle bridge transom 15 by bolt, vehicle frame transom 7 is bolted on vehicle frame, vehicle bridge transom 15 is welded in vehicle bridge 16, thus achieves the connection of the first rigid axle 11 and vehicle frame 16.First rigid axle 11 two ends connect steering swivel 13a and the first propons right hand steering joint 13b on the left of the first propons respectively by pin, and two steering swivels are all connected with wheel by bearing wheel hub unit.On the left of first propons steering swivel 13a and the first propons right hand steering joint 13b all by bulb and the 5th connecting rod 17 hinged, turning function while realizing the first rigid axle 11 both sides wheel.
Four described tilting leaf springs, the i.e. tilting leaf spring of first, second tilting leaf spring, the 3rd tilting leaf spring and the 4th tilting leaf spring, the tilting leaf spring one end of every sheet is connected with vehicle frame transom, and the other end is connected with vehicle bridge transom; The tilting leaf spring of described first and the 4th tilting leaf spring are about vehicle bridge symmetry, and second tilting leaf spring and the 3rd tilting leaf spring are about vehicle bridge symmetry; Parallel to each other or the conllinear of the intersection in the intersection in the tilting leaf spring of first, the 4th determined longitudinal center of symmetry face of tilting leaf spring and second tilting leaf spring, the 3rd determined longitudinal center of symmetry face of tilting leaf spring;
The angular range in the tilting leaf spring of described first and the 4th determined longitudinal center of symmetry face of tilting leaf spring is 60 ° ~ 120 °, and the angular range in second tilting leaf spring and the 3rd determined longitudinal center of symmetry face of tilting leaf spring is 60 ° ~ 120 °; Preferably, the angle in the tilting leaf spring of first and the 4th determined longitudinal center of symmetry face of tilting leaf spring is 90 °, and the angle in second tilting leaf spring and the 3rd determined longitudinal center of symmetry face of tilting leaf spring is 90 °; This arrangement takes full advantage of the finite space of vehicle, tilting plate spring suspension brackets also can be made to have good Rigidity and strength simultaneously.
Second propons and the first propons composition structural similitude, be made up of the second rigid axle 10, tilting plate spring suspension brackets, wheel 14 and the second steering hardware, its type of attachment is consistent with the first propons.
Fig. 2 is steering swivel system schematic diagram, and this steering swivel system comprises bearing circle 1, deflector 2 and steering gear connection.The corner of bearing circle 1, by the conversion of deflector 2, drives the first fork 3 to swing, and the first connecting rod 4 that swings by of the first fork 3 is delivered to the second fork 8, and drive the second fork 8 to swing, the second fork 8 is connected with vehicle frame 16 by pin 18.The second connecting rod 5 that swings by of the second fork 8 is delivered to steering swivel 13a on the left of the first propons, drive the rotation of steering swivel 13a on the left of the first propons, on the left of first propons, steering swivel 13a drives the first propons right hand steering joint 13b to rotate by the 5th connecting rod 17, thus achieves the turning function of propons; The third connecting rod 6 that swings by of the second fork 8 is delivered to steering swivel 13c on the left of the second propons, drive the rotation of steering swivel 13c on the left of the second propons, on the left of second propons, steering swivel 13c drives the second propons right hand steering joint 13d to rotate by double leval jib 9, thus achieves the turning function of the second propons.Thus achieve the turning function of double-front axle.
Fig. 3 is suspension and steering knuckle member schematic diagram, and each suspension comprises four tilting leaf springs, and every sheet leaf spring one end is connected with vehicle frame transom 7 by bolt, and the other end is connected with vehicle bridge transom 15 by bolt.Vehicle frame transom 7 is connected with vehicle frame 16 by bolt, and vehicle bridge transom 15 and vehicle bridge 16 are welded.Steering swivel is connected with vehicle bridge 16 by pin.This suspension frame structure increases carrying width between centers, does not affect the steering range of wheel simultaneously, also increases the load-carrying capacity of entire vehicle.
Fig. 4 is tilting leaf spring and vehicle frame transom schematic diagram, and tilting leaf spring is connected with vehicle frame transom 7 by bolt, and vehicle frame transom 7 is connected with vehicle frame 16 by bolt.Rubber tie plate 19 is installed between tilting leaf spring and vehicle frame transom 7.Rubber tie plate has the function of cushion load, protection leaf spring, also improves the load-carrying capacity of vehicle simultaneously.
Fig. 5 a is tilting leaf spring and vehicle bridge transom schematic diagram.Tilting leaf spring and vehicle bridge transom 15 are bolted, and to be provided with rubber bush 20, Fig. 5 b be the cutaway view of Fig. 5 a along π plane (π plane is longitudinal center of symmetry face of the 3rd tilting leaf spring 12c).The functional similarity of rubber bush and rubber tie plate, has cushion load, the function of protection leaf spring.
Fig. 7 is vehicle bridge and vehicle bridge transom constructional drawing, and vehicle bridge transom 15 is welded in vehicle bridge two ends.
Fig. 8 is carrying width between centers comparison diagram, and longitudinal leaf spring carrying width between centers L is the distance between two groups of longitudinal leaf spring 21 line of centerss, tilting leaf spring carrying width between centers L
0for the distance at vehicle bridge two ends.Tilting leaf spring carrying width between centers L
0obviously be greater than longitudinal leaf spring carrying width between centers L.Longitudinal leaf spring turns to requirement in order to what meet wheel, too can not reduce the steering range of wheel, therefore the distance between longitudinal leaf spring can not be excessive, also just cannot strengthen carrying width between centers.And tilting leaf spring does not exist this problem, tilting leaf spring not only increases carrying width between centers, also increases the steering range of wheel simultaneously.
Fig. 9 is wheel alignment parameter change schematic diagram.Longitudinal leaf spring 21 is longitudinally arranged along vehicle frame 16, its one end and vehicle bridge hinged, the other end and vehicle frame pass through rod hinge connection.Vertical load is subject to upwards in hopping process at wheel, because longitudinal plate spring structure is asymmetric, after longitudinal leaf spring distortion, not only wheel center position is generation longitudinal travel, and vehicle bridge center axis of symmetry can deflect, wheel alignment parameter is caused obviously to change, be unfavorable for car load operational stability, and abnormal tyre serious wear.
Tilting leaf spring dependent suspension provided by the utility model, in order to increase the load-carrying capacity of suspension, wherein tilting leaf spring quantity can increase a slice even multi-disc, only need ensure that the intersection in the determined longitudinal center of symmetry face of increased tilting leaf spring is parallel to each other or overlap; For the light commercial vehicle that load is less, in order to save space and cost, a slice or the tilting leaf spring of symmetrical minimizing each a slice in vehicle bridge both sides can be reduced.
The utility model is relative to the longitudinal multi-disc leaf spring design of tradition, it can effectively reduce the variable quantity of vehicle wheel alignment parameter in the process of moving, tilting leaf spring essence belongs to parallel institution simultaneously, ensure that load-carrying capacity and the reliability of vehicle, decrease the inordinate wear of tire, its carrying width between centers is comparatively large simultaneously, improves car load anti-roll capability, is conducive to car load operational stability.Compared with semi-independent plate spring suspension brackets involved in CN104175824A and CN103963590A, in the utility model, both sides suspension is connected with rigid axle simultaneously, suspension integral rigidity can not only be improved, improve wheel alignment parameter, and significantly can increase load-carrying capacity and the reliability of suspension system; Described leaf spring is monolithic leaf spring simultaneously, processing, assembly technology difficulty can be reduced, reduce productive costs, and leaf spring two ends are all bolted, avoid the movable connection method of leaf spring and steering swivel in CN104175824A and CN103963590A, the reliability of suspension system can be guaranteed better.
In a word, the utility model adopts canted-plate spring structure in parallel and retains the rigid axle of traditional dependent suspension, has both reduced the change of wheel alignment parameter, in turn ensure that load-carrying capacity and the reliability of suspension.
In the utility model, not to the miscellaneous part that suspension relates to, as the parts such as bolt, hub, brake system set off a discussion, reason is the essential characteristic that these parts do not relate to structure.Kind that associated components is suitable and parameter can be selected according to known parameters such as the concrete sizes of the concrete applying working condition of different automobile types, each parts.
Claims (4)
1. adopt an automobile double front-axle structure for the tilting plate spring suspension brackets of dependent, this structure comprises vehicle frame (16), the first propons, the second propons and steering swivel system; Described first propons comprises the plate spring suspension brackets of vehicle frame both sides, the first rigid axle (11), the first Ackerman steering mechanism and wheel; Described second propons comprises the plate spring suspension brackets of vehicle frame both sides, the second rigid axle (10), the second Ackerman steering mechanism and wheel; The first described Ackerman steering mechanism comprises steering swivel (13a) on the left of the first propons, the first propons right hand steering joint (13b) and the 5th connecting rod (17); The second described Ackerman steering mechanism comprises steering swivel (13c) on the left of the second propons, the second propons right hand steering joint (13d) and double leval jib (9); Every side plate spring suspension brackets comprises leaf spring, vehicle bridge transom (15) and vehicle frame transom (7); Vehicle bridge transom (15) is affixed with the first rigid axle (11), and the first rigid axle (11) is connected with wheel (14) by hub-bearing unit; Vehicle frame transom (7) is fixed on vehicle frame (16);
It is characterized in that: described leaf spring adopts four tilting leaf springs, four tilting leaf springs are respectively the tilting leaf spring of first (12a), second tilting leaf spring (12b), the 3rd tilting leaf spring (12c) and the 4th tilting leaf spring (12d), the tilting leaf spring one end of every sheet is connected with vehicle frame transom (7), and the other end is connected with vehicle bridge transom (15); The tilting leaf spring of described first (12a) is symmetrical about the first rigid axle (11) with the 4th tilting leaf spring (12d), and second tilting leaf spring (12b) is symmetrical about the first rigid axle (11) with the 3rd tilting leaf spring (12c); Parallel to each other or the conllinear of the intersection in the intersection in the tilting leaf spring of first (12a), the 4th determined longitudinal center of symmetry face of tilting leaf spring (12d) and second tilting leaf spring (12b), the 3rd determined longitudinal center of symmetry face of tilting leaf spring (12c); The tilting leaf spring of first (12a) is 60 ° ~ 120 ° with the angular range of the 4th determined longitudinal center of symmetry of tilting leaf spring (12d), and second tilting leaf spring (12b) is 60 ° ~ 120 ° with the angular range of the 3rd determined longitudinal center of symmetry of tilting leaf spring (12c).
2. according to a kind of automobile double front-axle structure adopting the tilting plate spring suspension brackets of dependent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the tilting leaf spring of first (12a) is 90 ° with the angle in the 4th determined longitudinal center of symmetry face of tilting leaf spring (12d), second tilting leaf spring (12b) is 90 ° with the angle in the 3rd determined longitudinal center of symmetry face of tilting leaf spring (12c).
3. according to a kind of automobile double front-axle structure adopting the tilting plate spring suspension brackets of dependent described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: be often provided with rubber tie plate (19) between the tilting leaf spring of sheet and vehicle frame transom (7).
4. according to a kind of automobile double front-axle structure adopting the tilting plate spring suspension brackets of dependent described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: every tilting leaf spring of sheet is connected with vehicle bridge transom (15) by bolt, and on bolt, be provided with rubber bush (20).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520412221.XU CN204726174U (en) | 2015-06-15 | 2015-06-15 | A kind of automobile double front-axle structure adopting the tilting plate spring suspension brackets of dependent |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520412221.XU CN204726174U (en) | 2015-06-15 | 2015-06-15 | A kind of automobile double front-axle structure adopting the tilting plate spring suspension brackets of dependent |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN204726174U true CN204726174U (en) | 2015-10-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520412221.XU Withdrawn - After Issue CN204726174U (en) | 2015-06-15 | 2015-06-15 | A kind of automobile double front-axle structure adopting the tilting plate spring suspension brackets of dependent |
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| CN (1) | CN204726174U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104875567B (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2017-04-12 | 清华大学 | Automotive double-front-axle structure adopting non-independent oblique leaf spring suspensions |
-
2015
- 2015-06-15 CN CN201520412221.XU patent/CN204726174U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104875567B (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2017-04-12 | 清华大学 | Automotive double-front-axle structure adopting non-independent oblique leaf spring suspensions |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20151028 Effective date of abandoning: 20170412 |
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| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |