CN204584328U - Adjustable counterbore oppositely draws boring machining device and supporting feeler block thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of machinery, and in particular relates to an adjustable counterboring reverse drawing and boring processing device and its matching tool setting block. The purpose is to solve the problem that the traditional forward cutting counterbore cannot be performed due to the limitation of the workpiece structure, so as to improve the production efficiency. The device includes a reverse cutting fixture and a split broaching tool; the reverse cutting fixture includes a body, a positioning mandrel located on the body, and clamping structures located on both sides of the positioning mandrel; each clamping structure includes a directional press plate , through the directional pressure plate and the pressure plate lock bolt and the pressure plate lock nut that pass through the directional pressure plate and fix the directional pressure plate on the body, the directional lock bolt and the directional lock nut that pass through the directional pressure plate; and the screw that holds the blade in place. For aerospace workpieces, the processing efficiency can be increased by more than 2 times, the pass rate of one-time inspection is 100%, and the cost of cutting tools and production is reduced by nearly 50%, laying a solid foundation for subsequent large-scale batch production.

Description

Adjustable counterbore reverse drawing and boring processing device and its matching tool setting block

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of machinery, and in particular relates to an adjustable counterboring reverse drawing and boring processing device and its matching tool setting block.

Background technique

The structural parts of aerospace products have the characteristics of high precision and complex structure, especially the relatively compact design of the connecting parts. For example, the workpiece shown in Figure 1 has a large shell diameter, about The total length is longer, about 380mm; 14 sets of stepped through holes with different apertures are designed on the left end of the shell, among which the processed holes are the counterbore 11 in the opposite direction of the flange datum plane at the axial end, and a mounting element is designed on the outer circle of the shell. The boss 13 and the rib 12 of the device are likely to cause cutting interference.

For counterbores 11 with 14 groups of apertures similar to structural parts, the following two processing methods are currently used:

1. Electrolytic processing

EDM machining is used.

Principle: Select an electrode with the same diameter and precision as the counterbore, and conduct electrolytic machining along the positive direction.

Advantages: The preparation time in the early stage of production is shorter, and the cycle cost of making tooling and processing electrodes is lower.

Disadvantage: It takes a long time to process a single hole, and the efficiency of mass production is extremely low.

Comprehensive: Suitable for one-piece production or rework.

2. Vertical drilling processing

Use a vertical drilling machine for processing.

Principle: Select a tool with the same diameter and precision as the counterbore, and process along the forward direction.

Advantages: short preparation time before production, simple tool structure.

Disadvantages: a. Affected by the specific structure of the workpiece, the processing has limitations, and it can only process workpieces with no interference in the direction of the sinking hole. b. The cutter bar is long and the rigidity is poor; the cutter head wears a lot and the life is short; the processing cost is high.

Comprehensive: suitable for small batch production of specific products.

With the continuous increase of model products in recent years, the production tasks of workpieces with similar structures have increased significantly. Traditional electrolytic machining and vertical drilling processing cannot meet the processing of specific workpieces, and the production efficiency is extremely low and the processing cost is high. It is no longer suitable for batch processing.

Contents of the invention

The utility model provides an adjustable counterbore reverse drawing and boring processing device and its matching tool setting block in order to solve the problem that traditional forward cutting and counterboring cannot be performed due to the limitation of the workpiece structure, and to improve production efficiency.

The technical scheme adopted in the utility model is:

An adjustable counterbore reverse broaching and boring processing device, including a reverse cutting fixture and a split broaching and boring tool;

The reverse cutting fixture includes a body, a positioning mandrel positioned on the body, and clamping structures positioned on both sides of the positioning mandrel; each clamping structure includes a directional pressing plate, a pressing plate that runs through the directional pressing plate and fixes the directional pressing plate on the body The locking bolt and the locking nut of the pressing plate, the directional locking bolt and the directional locking nut running through the directional pressing plate;

The split type broaching and boring tool includes a cutter bar, a cutter head and a screw for fixing the cutter head.

The adjustable counterbore reverse broaching and boring processing device as described above, wherein: in the reverse cutting fixture, a positioning pin is arranged in the body, and a recess hole is opened on the upper surface of the body corresponding to the directional locking bolt , there are also a plurality of pin holes on the upper surface of the body.

The above-mentioned adjustable countersunk reverse broaching and boring processing device, wherein: the cutter bar of the split broaching and boring tool is cylindrical, and an internal thread of a mounting screw is provided at the end of the installation of the cutter head, and an internal thread is opened at the end of the internal thread. There is a square hole for installing the cutter head; there is a pin groove on the other side of the cutter rod near the end, and a cooling groove is opened on the outside of the cutter rod.

The above-mentioned adjustable countersunk reverse drawing and boring processing device, wherein: the material of the tool bar is high carbon tool steel, the heat treatment hardness is greater than 60HRC, the outer cylindricity is less than 0.02mm, and the square hole and the tool head are installed The gap is less than 0.06mm and the perpendicularity to the outer circle of the tool holder is less than 0.03mm.

The above-mentioned adjustable countersunk reverse broaching and boring processing device, wherein: the material of the cutter head is white steel W18Cr4V, W6Mo5Cr4V2, cemented carbide YG, YT, YW grades, made of double cutting edges, and single-edge working cutting.

A tool setting block for adjusting the above-mentioned adjustable counterbore reverse drawing and boring processing device. The inner hole is provided with a cutter head adjustment hole penetrating to the inner hole of the tool setting block on the side of the tool setting block.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

The utility model provides an adjustable counterbore reverse broaching and boring processing device by analyzing the structure of the workpiece and designing suitable fixtures and adjustable tools, which is suitable for batch processing of structural workpieces in various fields such as aerospace and aviation. Due to the limitations of the workpiece structure, it is impossible to carry out the problem of traditional forward cutting and counterbore machining. It improves the strength of the tool, increases the processing range, ensures the processing accuracy, improves the production efficiency, and saves the production cost. The specific characteristics are as follows:

1. It is suitable for counterbore machining of complex workpieces. It is suitable for all counterbore machining that cannot be carried out by forward cutting due to structural restrictions and interference. The counterbore machining is completed by reverse drawing and boring, and the coaxiality of the stepped holes is guaranteed.

2. The fixture structure is simple, the clamping and positioning are reliable, and the operation is flexible

3. The tool has high strength and high rigidity, which reduces the length-to-diameter ratio of the tool bar, thereby increasing the strength of the tool bar, and reducing the vibration generated by the tool head during cutting and the consumption and wear of the tool.

4. The processing size adjustment range is large. The cutter head and cutter bar of the broaching tool are split, the cutter head can be replaced and adjusted, and the processing size range is large

5. The tool wear is small and the service life is long. The cutter head of the broaching and boring tool is made of double cutting edges, and the single edge is used for cutting. If one edge is worn or damaged, the tool setting can be adjusted at any time, and the other cutting edge can be used to continue processing to increase the service life.

6. Low cost and high efficiency. The tool manufacturing cost is low, the tool holder can be used repeatedly, and the tool head can be sharpened repeatedly, which reduces consumption costs and improves use efficiency.

The utility model has a wide application range and can be applied to various common drilling machines, vertical machining centers and horizontal machining centers, and the basic technology is mature and easy to realize. For aerospace workpieces, the processing efficiency can be increased by more than 2 times, the pass rate of one-time inspection is 100%, and the cost of cutting tools and production is reduced by nearly 50%, laying a solid foundation for subsequent large-scale batch production.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is an example diagram of a certain aerospace workpiece;

Fig. 2 is a front view of a reverse cutting fixture in an adjustable counterboring reverse broaching and boring processing device provided by the utility model;

Fig. 3 is the top view of fixture among Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the side view of fixture among Fig. 2;

Figure 5 is a schematic view of the use of the reverse cutting fixture;

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a split broaching and boring tool;

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of cutter bar;

Fig. 8 is the A-A direction view of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is the B-B direction view of Fig. 7;

Figure 10 is a front view of the cutter head structure;

Figure 11 is a top view of the cutter head structure;

Fig. 12 is A-A sectional view of Fig. 10;

Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the use of the tool setting block and the split broaching and boring tool;

Figure 14 is a front view of the sharpening tooling structure;

Fig. 15 is the A-A direction view of Fig. 14;

Among them: 1. Body, 2. Positioning mandrel, 3. Orientation pressure plate, 4. Positioning pin, 5. Pin hole, 6. Dimple hole, 7. Pressure plate lock nut, 8. Pressure plate lock bolt, 9. Orientation Lock nut, 10 directional lock bolt, 11, counterbore, 12, reinforcing rib, 13, boss, 14, processed hole, 21, radial arm drilling machine, 22, drilling machine table, 23, workpiece, 24, jack , 25. Reverse cutting fixture, 26. Split type broaching and boring tool, 31. Tool bar, 32. Cutter head, 33. Screw, 41. Square hole for cutter head installation, 42. Pin groove, 43. Cooling groove, 51 , the knife block, 52, the cutter head adjustment hole, 53, the installation square hole.

Detailed ways

The following is an introduction to the adjustable counterboring reverse broaching and boring processing device and its matching tool block provided by the utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

An adjustable counterbore reverse broaching and boring processing device includes a reverse cutting fixture and a split broaching and boring tool.

As shown in Figure 2-4, the reverse cutting fixture includes a body 1, a positioning mandrel 2 located on the body 1, and clamping structures located on both sides of the positioning mandrel 2; The pressing plate 3 and the pressing plate locking bolt 8 and the pressing plate locking nut 7 that fix the directional pressing plate 3 on the body 1 pass through the directional locking bolt 10 and the directional locking nut 9 of the directional pressing plate 3 . A positioning pin 4 is arranged in the middle of the body 1 , a dimple hole 6 is opened on the upper surface of the main body 1 corresponding to the directional locking bolt 10 , and a plurality of pin holes 5 are also opened on the upper surface of the main body 1 .

As shown in FIG. 5 , when using the reverse cutting fixture 25 , the positioning mandrel 2 is installed horizontally and downwardly on the workbench 22 of the drilling machine. After the main hole of the workpiece 23 is positioned with the positioning mandrel 2, the positioning pin 4 passes through any one of the 4 pin holes 5 on the fixture body 1, and is inserted into any hole 14 that has been processed on the flange reference surface of the workpiece, and the workpiece 23 is completed. Positioning on the fixture body 1. The directional locking bolt 10 is positioned through the dimple hole 6, and the directional locking nut 9 is locked to complete the positioning of the directional pressing plate 3. Tighten the clamping plate locking bolt 8 and the clamping plate locking nut 7 to realize that the directional clamping plate 3 locks the workpiece 23 on the plane of the fixture body 1 while ensuring that the surface of the workpiece is not damaged. Adjust the jack 24 at the lower end of the workpiece 23 to play an auxiliary supporting role. The fixture reasonably limits the degrees of freedom of the workpiece in all directions, which meets the positioning requirements of the workpiece sinking process.

The split broaching tool is shown in Figure 6. The split broaching tool is further divided into a cutter bar 31, a cutter head 32 and a screw 33 for fixing the cutter head 32, equipped with a tool setting block and a sharpening tool.

As shown in Figure 7-9, the tool bar 31 of the split type broaching tool is cylindrical, and the internal thread of the mounting screw 33 is opened on the side where the tool head is installed, and the tool head installation square hole 41 is opened at the end of the internal thread; There is a pin groove 42 near the end on the other side of the knife bar 31 , and a cooling groove 43 is opened on the outside of the knife bar 31 ; both ends of the knife bar 31 are chamfered.

The tool bar 31 is made of high-carbon tool steel such as CrWMn, Cr12MoV, etc., and the heat treatment hardness is greater than 60HRC. , The size f of the pin groove is selected according to the actual processing size, the cylindricity of the outer circle T is less than 0.02mm, the clearance between the square hole a×e of the cutter head and the installation of the cutter head is less than 0.06mm, and the perpendicularity to the outer circle of the cutter bar is guaranteed to be less than 0.03mm , It is convenient to adjust the knife, and the clamping of the knife head is reliable.

The cooling groove 43 of the cutter bar 31 is designed with internal cooling or external cooling cooling groove, which is conducive to the cooling of the coolant flow and the discharge of waste chips, and can be applied to equipment such as radial drilling machines, vertical machining centers and horizontal machining centers.

The structure of the cutter head is shown in Figure 10-12. The cutter head material is made of white steel W18Cr4V, W6Mo5Cr4V2, cemented carbide YG, YT, YW and other series grades. It is designed to be made of double cutting edges and single-edged for cutting. On the one hand, it can improve the use efficiency, if one side of the blade is worn or damaged, the tool setting can be adjusted at any time, and the other side of the cutting edge can be used to continue processing; on the other hand, the range of machinable sizes can be adjusted, where the dimensions a and e are the matching dimensions of the installation square hole , g is the length of the cutter head, and i is the size of the counterbore to be processed. The preferred situation is: as shown in Figure 10, the secondary relief angle is 2°; as shown in Figure 11, the secondary deflection angle is 2°, which can reduce the friction with the machined surface, ensure the smoothness of the machined surface and the heat dissipation of the tool; As shown in 12, the rake angle is 14-16°, which can ensure the sharpness of the tool tip and light cutting, and the rear angle is 6°, which can reduce the friction with the processed surface and ensure the strength of the tool tip.

For the convenience of adjusting the size of the tool setting, a matching tool setting block 51 is designed. The middle part of the tool setting block 51 is provided with a tool block positioning hole for placing the tool rod, and an inner hole of the tool setting block for placing the cutter head, and a cutter head adjustment hole 52 penetrating to the inner hole of the tool setting block is opened on the side of the tool setting block. The inner hole size i of the tool setting block is designed as the counterbore size of the workpiece to be processed, the a size is designed with reference to the height of the cutter head, and the coaxial hole T and hole i are not greater than 0.05mm. When in use, as shown in Figure 13, the front end of the split-type broaching and boring tool 26 is inserted into the positioning hole of the tool setting block. The cutter head adjustment hole 52 on the side of the cutter block is adjusted so that the tip of the cutter head working edge is closely attached to the side wall of the cutter block inner hole size i, and the adjustment of the cutter size to be processed is completed.

In order to facilitate the sharpening of the cutter head, a sharpening tool is equipped. The sharpening tool is a block structure, and there are round holes on the adjacent two sides. The junction of the two round holes is a square hole with a size of a×e 53, as shown in Figures 14 and 15. The cutter head is installed in the square hole 53 of the sharpening frock a×e, only exposes the part that needs sharpening, and utilizes the screw locking on the frock. Clamp the tooling on the adjustable angle tool pliers, and by adjusting the angle of the tool pliers, the cutting angle of the cutter head can be sharpened according to the needs, which facilitates the production and sharpening of batch cutter heads, and at the same time ensures the design requirements of the cutter head.

The processing flow of the adjustable counterboring reverse drawing and boring processing device provided by the utility model is as follows:

Step 1. Install the fixture and workpiece on the machine tool, clamp, position and align the workpiece;

Step 2. Carry out the assembly of the cutter bar and the cutter head, and adjust the processing size of the cutter;

Step 3, install the tool on the machine tool spindle;

Step 4. Turn on the machine tool, and use the function of reverse cutting and automatic feed of the machine tool to perform reverse broaching and boring processing;

Step 5. If necessary, adjust the size of the cutter and sharpen the cutter head.

The utility model uses the function of reverse cutting and automatic feed of the machine tool, breaks the traditional idea of forward cutting, adopts reverse thinking, reverse clamping, and converts the cutting torque + axial pressure of the tool rod into cutting torque + axial tension The way of force, so as to realize the counterbore processing limited by the structure.

Claims (6)

1. An adjustable counterbore reverse broaching and boring processing device, characterized in that: it includes a reverse cutting fixture and a split broaching and boring tool; The reverse cutting fixture comprises a body (1), a positioning mandrel (2) positioned on the body (1), and clamping structures positioned on both sides of the positioning mandrel (2); each clamping structure includes a directional pressing plate (3 ), through the directional platen (3) and the platen lock bolt (8) and platen lock nut (7) that fix the directional platen (3) on the body (1), through the directional lock bolt of the directional platen (3) (10) and orientation lock nut (9); The split-type broaching and boring tool includes a cutter bar (31), a cutter head (32) and a screw (33) for fixing the cutter head (32). 2. The adjustable counterbore reverse broaching and boring processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the reverse cutting fixture, a positioning pin (4) is arranged in the middle of the body (1), and a positioning pin (4) is arranged in the body ( 1) Dimple holes (6) are opened on the upper surface corresponding to the directional locking bolts (10), and a plurality of pin holes (5) are also opened on the upper surface of the body (1). 3. The adjustable counterbore reverse broaching and boring processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cutter bar (31) of the split broaching and boring tool is cylindrical, and there is a mounting screw at one end of the cutter head The internal thread of (33) has a cutter head installation square hole (41) at the end of the internal thread; there is a pin groove (42) near the end position on the other side of the knife bar (31), in the knife bar ( 31) the outside has a cooling groove (43). 4. The adjustable counterbore reverse broaching and boring processing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the material of the cutter bar (31) is high carbon tool steel, the heat treatment hardness is greater than 60HRC, and the cylindricity of the outer circle is less than 0.02mm , the installation gap between the cutter head installation square hole (41) and the cutter head (32) is less than 0.06mm and the perpendicularity with the outer circle of the cutter bar is less than 0.03mm. 5. The adjustable counterbore reverse drawing and boring processing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the material of the cutter head (32) is white steel W18Cr4V, W6Mo5Cr4V2 or cemented carbide YG, YT, YW grades, which are Double cutting edge production, single edge working cutting. 6. A tool setting block for adjusting the adjustable counterbore reverse broaching and boring processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the middle part of the tool setting block is provided with a tool block for placing the tool rod (31) The positioning hole is used to place the inner hole of the tool setting block for placing the cutter head (32), and the cutter head adjustment hole (52) penetrating to the inner hole of the tool setting block is provided on the side of the tool setting block.