CN204544949U - A kind of biodegradable garbage processor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biodegradable garbage processor, which is characterized in that the garbage processor is composed of four parts: a garbage crushing system, a garbage fermentation system, a garbage waste gas and liquid treatment system and a ventilation system. Using the garbage disposer, the bacterial protein obtained after processing the biodegradable part of kitchen waste and urban garbage can reach more than 30% protein, which can be used as a feed additive. At the same time, the processor is also equipped with a flower and plant cultivation room, which not only handles the waste gas generated during the fermentation process, but also contributes to the improvement of environmental quality. The production process of the equipment is simple and easy to use, and it truly realizes resource utilization, reduction and benefit of waste disposal.

Description

A biodegradable garbage disposer

technical field

The utility model relates to the fields of environmental protection technology and biotechnology, in particular to a biodegradable garbage processor.

Background technique

The main characteristics of kitchen waste are rich in organic matter, high in water content, and perishable. Its properties and odor will have a bad impact on environmental sanitation, and it is easy to breed harmful substances such as pathogenic microorganisms and mycotoxins. What was good food one minute ago is trash the next minute. Due to the food culture and eating habits, kitchen waste has become a unique phenomenon in China. The table waste in China is astonishing, and a huge amount of kitchen waste is produced every day. According to figures from the Beijing Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Beijing produces 1,200 tons of food waste every day. Statistics from the Institute of Solid Waste Pollution Control and Recycling of the Environmental Department of Tsinghua University show that Chinese cities generate no less than 60 million tons of kitchen waste every year.

Experts believe that nutrient-rich kitchen waste is a valuable renewable resource. However, due to the lack of attention and improper disposal methods, it has become a potential source of danger affecting food safety and ecological security. While mishandling can have serious consequences, food waste isn't bad either. He Bingguang, deputy director of the Environmental Protection Department of the National Development and Reform Commission, pointed out that kitchen waste has the dual characteristics of waste and resources, and can be said to be a typical "misplaced resource".

Food waste has the duality of significant hazards and resources, and its characteristics can be summarized as follows:

⑴ High moisture content, up to 80% - 95%.

⑵ High salt content, pepper in some areas, high acetic acid.

(3) High content of organic matter, protein, cellulose, starch, fat, etc.

⑷ Rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and various trace elements.

⑸ There are pathogenic bacteria and pathogenic microorganisms.

⑹ Perishable, deteriorating, smelly, breeding mosquitoes.

At present, food waste shredders are widely available in the market, and the waste is crushed directly into the sewer, which increases the biochemical treatment load of the sewage treatment plant, making it difficult for the effluent of the sewage plant to meet the standard. Its disadvantages are as follows:

1. High energy consumption is a burden for ordinary families, which can be afforded but not used.

2. The traditional food waste disposer is generally placed in the kitchen. The shell is made of single-layer ABS plastic, supplemented by iron sheet and steel sheet to decorate the shape. The existence of iron sheet and steel sheet also causes the hidden danger of non-insulator conductive electric shock.

3. The traditional food waste disposer is simple and rough, and the waste is not sufficiently ground, and the grinding particles are too large, which often leads to blockage of the drain pipe and substandard effluent from the sewage treatment plant.

4. The old garbage disposers use ordinary DC motors, which require maintenance tracking, low starting torque, and short service life.

5. Most garbage disposers have small calibers, are not easy to feed, have slow grinding speeds, cumbersome operations, and are unsafe. And need the cooperation of faucet, use loaded down with trivial details.

6. The grinding chamber of most garbage processors is made of plastic material, which is easy to deform, easy to seep water, easy to burn out the switch or motor, and has a short service life.

7. The old domestic waste disposer can only be fixed in the kitchen and cannot be moved.

Contents of the invention

Purpose of the invention: the utility model provides a biodegradable garbage disposer to solve the above problems.

Technical solutions:

A biodegradable garbage processor, characterized in that: the garbage processor is composed of four parts: a garbage crushing system , a garbage fermentation system , a garbage waste gas and liquid treatment system , and a ventilation system ; The pulverizer and solid feed pipe for juice separation; the garbage fermentation system is a movable three-layer cuboid box reactor; the garbage waste gas and waste liquid treatment system is in the shape of a cylindrical barrel. The processor system is divided into two parts, the upper part is The waste gas treatment device filled with humus soil, the lower part is the landfill leachate treatment device, and the two parts are separated by a windshield; the ventilation system is composed of fans and pipes; the connection relationship of the four-part system that composes the processor is: Garbage crushing system settings Above the garbage fermentation system and connected through the solid feed pipe, the waste gas treatment device and the garbage fermentation system are connected through the exhaust pipe of the fermentation system, and the garbage waste liquid treatment device and the garbage fermentation system are arranged at the bottom of the garbage fermentation system The liquid feed pipe on one side is connected, and the ventilation system is arranged at the bottom of the tank of the garbage fermentation system, and is respectively connected with the garbage fermentation system and the garbage waste liquid treatment device through conduits; the garbage fermentation system , the garbage waste gas and waste liquid treatment system The bottom is provided with moving wheels .

The pulverizer that can realize the separation of slag and juice in the garbage crushing system adopts a permanent magnet high-speed DC motor.

The garbage fermentation system of the movable flat plate has a cuboid shape in appearance, and the first movable filter plate, the second movable filter plate, and the third movable filter plate with the same design in the form of movable drawers are evenly arranged inside the fermented system from top to bottom. The plate is connected to the handle on the outside of the barrel, the sliding horizontal plate is set above the movable drawer, the movable drawer is set on the bottom of the system, the observation sampling hole is set on the movable drawer, and the side of the system is provided with a side gap matching the movable filter plate. An inclined slag scraper is also arranged above the gap.

The movable filter plate is composed of a sliding plate, a sliding plate pulley, rake teeth, and a fixed sloping plate with sieve holes. and the angle between the sliding plate and the fixed sloping plate with sieve holes is an obtuse angle. The rake teeth are set on the fixed sloping plate with sieve holes and connected with the sliding plate. The sliding plate pulleys are set on the sliding plate The bottom acts on the pulley track fixed on the wall of the cuboid barrel, the length of the pulley track is equal to the length of the movable plate; On the same side of the body, the setting direction of the second movable filter plate and the direction of the handle connected to it are on the other side opposite to the first and third movable filter plates.

There is also a flower and plant cultivation room above the waste gas and waste liquid treatment system.

Advantages and effects:

The domestic waste processor can process food waste and leftovers into organic fertilizers, which can be used to grow flowers and vegetables. In addition, the method of composting and fermenting microorganisms is used to carry out environmental protection treatment of food waste, so that the food waste can be fermented and decomposed, and can be used as The bacterial protein of the feed additive not only obtains economic benefits, but also eliminates the harm of kitchen waste.

Using the method of microbial composting and fermentation, the kitchen residues produced in collective eating places such as schools, hospitals, enterprises, government agencies, and troops, as well as reception places such as hotels, restaurants, entertainment venues, and tourist attractions are difficult to deal with food waste, etc. , All the remaining food that can be eaten by human beings is treated in an environmentally friendly manner, so that the kitchen waste can be fermented and decomposed into bacterial protein that can be used as a feed additive. It can be completely processed at one time, eliminating the hazards of kitchen waste.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a front sectional view of the garbage disposer;

Figure 2 Front view of garbage disposer;

Figure 3 Rear view of garbage disposer;

Figure 4 Top view of garbage disposer.

Marks in the picture: 1. Garbage crushing system , 2. Garbage fermentation system , 3. Waste gas and waste liquid treatment system , 4. Ventilation system , 5. The first movable filter plate, 6. The second movable filter plate, 7. The third Movable filter plate, 8. Sliding horizontal plate, 9. Observation sampling hole, 10. Moving wheel , 11. Liquid feeding pipe, 12. Exhaust pipe of fermentation system, 13. Flower cultivation room, 14. Waste gas treatment device, 15 .Garbage waste liquid treatment device, 16. Solid feed pipe, 17. Air shield, 18. Sliding plate pulley, 19. Movable drawer, 20. Pulley track, 21. Sliding plate, 22. Rake teeth, 23. Belt screen 24. The handle of the fixed inclined plate of the hole.

Detailed ways:

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is described in further detail.

From top to bottom, the garbage crushing system 1 is located above the garbage fermentation system 2 , which can realize the solid-liquid separation of domestic garbage, and even concentrate the garbage with high water content, which not only reduces the volume but also creates a new environment for further garbage composting. favorable conditions. The solid material separated from the garbage crushing system 1 enters the garbage fermentation system 2 with a cuboid structure through the solid feed pipe 16, and the solid material will be decomposed in three stages in the cuboid barrel. The design of movable plate adopts the form of movable drawer 19, and after the composting in the first stage is decomposed, the material of the first layer can enter next layer smoothly, continues to decompose.

In addition, during the garbage fermentation process, the growth of microorganisms needs oxygen, and the odorous gas generated during the waste liquid treatment process also needs to be treated. This device achieves these two requirements through the ventilation system 4 and intermittent blowing, and the odorous gas is passed through the fermentation system. The exhaust pipe 12 is blown into the cylindrical comprehensive waste liquid processor (13+14+15). The comprehensive waste liquid processor is divided into two parts, the upper part is the waste gas treatment device 14 filled with humus, the top part is the flower and plant cultivation room 13 where flowers and plants can be directly planted, and the lower part is the landfill leachate treatment device 15. The aeration system is used for treatment, and the landfill leachate discharged by the pulverizer is put into the landfill leachate treatment device 15 after crushing through the liquid feed pipe 11, and the direct discharge standard can be reached after treatment.

Example 1:

Take 0.25kg of banana peels, orange peels, melon seed peels, leftover vegetable leaves, leftovers, waste paper and 0.1kg of Rhizopus niger and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (the ratio of the two is 1:1) and mix and crush them, and send the solids into Garbage fermentation system, ventilated, temperature controlled at 25°C; waste liquid produced during the garbage crushing process and leachate produced during the fermentation process enter the landfill leachate recovery and reuse system, adjust the pH value to 4, ventilate and aerate, and carry out fermentation treatment , to obtain the culture medium. The culture solution is pumped to the rubbish crushing system, and crushed together with the aforementioned rubbish, thus completing the recycling of the bacteria. After culturing for 16 hours, collect the culture and dry it to obtain bacterial protein. The protein content of the bacterial protein can reach more than 30%, which can be used as a feed additive.

Example 2:

Take 0.25kg of banana peels, orange peels, melon seed peels, leftover vegetable leaves, leftovers, waste paper and 0.1kg of Rhizopus niger and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (the ratio of the two is 1:1) and mix and crush them, and send the solids into Garbage fermentation system, ventilation, temperature control at 30°C; waste liquid generated during the garbage crushing process and leachate generated during the fermentation process enter the landfill leachate recovery and reuse system, adjust the pH value to 5, ventilate and aerate, and carry out fermentation treatment , to obtain the culture medium. The culture solution is pumped to the rubbish crushing system, and crushed together with the aforementioned rubbish, thus completing the recycling of the bacteria. After culturing for 20 hours, the culture is collected and dried to obtain bacterial protein. The protein content of the bacterial protein can reach more than 30%, which can be used as a feed additive.

Example 3:

Take 0.25kg of banana peels, orange peels, melon seed peels, leftover vegetable leaves, leftovers, and waste paper, mix them with 0.1kg of Rhizopus niger and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (the ratio of the two is 1:1) and grind them, and send the solids into Garbage fermentation system, ventilated, temperature controlled at 35°C; waste liquid produced during the garbage crushing process and leachate produced during the fermentation process enter the landfill leachate recovery and reuse system, adjust the pH value to 6, ventilate and aerate, and carry out fermentation treatment , to obtain the culture medium. The culture solution is pumped to the rubbish crushing system, and crushed together with the aforementioned rubbish, thus completing the recycling of the bacteria. After culturing for 24 hours, the culture is collected and dried to obtain bacterial protein. The protein content of the bacterial protein can reach more than 30%, which can be used as a feed additive.

The bacterial protein analysis method refers to GB 5009.5-2010 National Food Safety Standard Determination of Protein in Food.

The utility model provides a biodegradable garbage disposer and the technology for producing bacterial protein. As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, and Figure 4, the domestic waste processor includes 1. Garbage crushing system , 2. Garbage fermentation system , 3. Garbage waste gas and waste liquid treatment system , 4. Ventilation system , 5. First Movable filter plate, 6. Second movable filter plate, 7. Third movable filter plate, 8. Sliding horizontal plate, 9. Observation sampling hole, 10. Moving wheel , 11. Liquid feeding pipe, 12. Exhaust of fermentation system Pipe, 13. Flower cultivation room, 14. Waste gas treatment device, 15. Waste liquid treatment device, 16. Solid feed pipe, 17. Air shield, 18. Sliding plate pulley, 19. Movable drawer, 20. Pulley Track, 21. sliding plate, 22. rake teeth, 23. fixed inclined plate with sieve holes, 24. handle, this processor can process food waste and leftovers into bacterial protein, which can be used as bacterial cells for feed additives Protein, not only obtains economic benefits, but also eliminates the harm of kitchen waste.

Claims (5)

1. A biodegradable garbage processor, characterized in that: the garbage processor consists of a garbage crushing system (1), a garbage fermentation system (2), a garbage waste gas and liquid treatment system (3) and a ventilation system (4 ) consists of four parts; among them, the garbage crushing system (1) includes a grinder that can separate slag and juice, and a solid feeding pipe; the garbage fermentation system (2) is a movable three-layer cuboid box reactor; waste gas and liquid waste The treatment system (3) is in the shape of a cylindrical barrel. The processor system is divided into two parts. The upper part is a waste gas treatment device filled with humus soil, and the lower part is a garbage leachate treatment device. The two parts pass through the air barrier (17) Separation; the ventilation system (4) is composed of fans and pipes; the connection relationship of the four-part system that constitutes the processor is: the garbage crushing system (1) is set above the garbage fermentation system (2), and passes through the solid feed pipe (16) connected, the garbage waste gas treatment device (14) is connected with the garbage fermentation system (2) through the fermentation system exhaust pipe (12), and the garbage waste liquid treatment device (15) and the garbage fermentation system (2) are connected through the The liquid feed pipe (11) on the bottom side of the garbage fermentation system (2) is connected, and the ventilation system (4) is set at the bottom of the tank of the garbage fermentation system (2), and is respectively connected with the garbage fermentation system (2) through conduits. ), the garbage and waste liquid treatment device (15) are connected; the bottom of the garbage fermentation system (2) and the garbage waste gas and waste liquid treatment system (3) is provided with a moving wheel (10). 2. A biodegradable garbage disposer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pulverizer in the garbage pulverization system (1) that can separate slag and juice adopts a permanent magnet high-speed DC motor. 3. A biodegradable garbage disposer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the appearance of the garbage fermentation system (2) is cuboid, and the interior of the fermentation system is evenly arranged from top to bottom with the same design The first movable filter plate (5), the second movable filter plate (6), and the third movable filter plate (7) in the form of movable drawers are connected with the handle (24) located outside the barrel, and the sliding horizontal plate (8) Set above the movable drawer (19), the movable drawer (19) is set at the bottom of the system, the observation sampling hole (9) is set on the movable drawer (19), and the side of the system is provided with a side gap matching the movable filter plate, in the gap An inclined slag scraper is also set above. 4. A biodegradable garbage disposer according to claim 3, characterized in that: the movable filter plate consists of a sliding plate (21), a sliding plate pulley (18), rake teeth (22), belt sieve The connection relationship is that one end of the sliding plate (21) is connected to the fixed inclined plate (23) with a sieve hole, and the other end passes through the connection handle (24) from the opening on one side of the box body, and The angle between the sliding plate (21) and the fixed inclined plate (23) with sieve holes is an obtuse angle, and the rake teeth (22) are set on the fixed inclined plate (23) with sieve holes and connected with the sliding plate (21) , the sliding plate pulley (18) is arranged at the bottom of the sliding plate (21), acting on the pulley track (20) fixed on the wall of the cuboid bucket, the length of the pulley track (20) is equal to the length of the movable plate; the handle of the movable filter plate (24) Located on the outside of the barrel, the handle (24) connected to the first movable filter plate (5) and the third movable filter plate (7) is on the same side of the box body, and the setting direction of the second movable filter plate (6) is connected to it The orientation of the handle is on the other side opposite to the first and third movable filter plates. 5. A biodegradable garbage disposer according to claim 1, characterized in that: a flower and plant cultivation room (13) is arranged above the garbage waste gas and waste liquid treatment system (3).