CN204534599U - A kind of oil-containing solids waste resource utilization device - Google Patents
A kind of oil-containing solids waste resource utilization device Download PDFInfo
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- CN204534599U CN204534599U CN201520152400.4U CN201520152400U CN204534599U CN 204534599 U CN204534599 U CN 204534599U CN 201520152400 U CN201520152400 U CN 201520152400U CN 204534599 U CN204534599 U CN 204534599U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of oil-containing solids waste resource utilization device, device comprises feed bin, charging gear, fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction distillation device, dust arrester, air preheater, booster fan, burner, buried tube heat exchanger, condenser, fluidized wind preheater, air compartment.Oil content in solid waste is carried out pyrolysis distillation by the method, makes inertia circulatory mediator with pyrolysis retort gas, and pyrolysis gas liquefies and is separated obtain fluid oil in air preheater, condenser cooling, and realize resource, incondensable gas is as pyrolysing fuel; After fresh air heats up in air preheater, become high-temperature fuel gas after burning with incondensable gas and postcombustion, for fluidized bed pyrolysis distillation reactor provides heat.This device isolates oil content from oil-containing solids discarded object, realizes solid waste resource recovery and utilizes, and reaches and reduces environmental pollution and improve solid waste resource recovery Joint effect.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the applications such as oil, chemical industry, the energy, and the pyrolysis distillation being specifically related to contained oil in a kind of solid waste is refined, liquefaction is collected with device realizing recycling and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Current, fossil energy resource enrichness is unbalanced, and development difficulty is comparatively large, the high-grade energy such as verified oil, natural gas reserves wretched insufficiency.Add energy utilization technology to fall behind, energy resource structure is uneven, utilizes low, and under the condition of economy rapid growth, the depletion rate of China's energy is faster than other countries, and the threat of lack of energy may come more early, more serious.
Oil-containing solids discarded object is mainly derived from the production and consumption activity of the mankind to oil.People, developing oil and manufacturing in the process of oil product, can inevitably produce oil-containing solids discarded object.The oily solid sludge produced in oil exploitation refining is put into " National Hazard refuse register ", and its source and physicochemical properties complexity, oil, water, mud proportional difference are remarkable.If in addition harmless treatment not in time, and select directly to dig pit landfill, seepage occurs, the pollution in soil, underground water source and periphery river thereof can be caused, have a strong impact on ecological environment.
The harm performance of oil-containing solids discarded object to the mankind is many-sided, is in particular in:
1, a large amount of soil is taken.Oil-containing solids discarded object is stacked by appointed place according to environmental requirement by a lot of city at present, no matter finally how to process, accumulating amount certainly will be caused in stacking process increasing, take up an area also just more and more, it is estimated, often pile up 10000t refuse, about need occupation of land one mu.These rubbish not only occupy a large amount of soils, directly affect agricultural production, hamper urban environmental hygiene, and cover large quantities of green plants, the large-area vegetation destroying earth surface, destroy the graceful view of natural environment, the more important thing is the ecological balance destroying the Nature.
2, contaminated soil.Oil-containing solids discarded object is in the process of banking up, and its harmful light components easily infiltrates ground, causes soil pollution.These have infiltrative oil product and mostly belong to lightweight nonaqueous phase liquid (LNAPL), and it has the features such as volatile, viscosity is little, migration velocity is fast.First soil near polluting when revealing, and then penetrate into ground water regime, great harm is caused to the health of the mankind.The engineering being widely used in light oil pollution improvement in developed countries such as America and Europes has the injection of soil steam extraction, air, bio-ventilation etc., all has good operability, and has obtained significant regulation effect.However, solid-state bazardous waste has long-term anelasticity and not dilutable, once cause environmental pollution, is often difficult to remedy recovery.Wherein, the Transport And Transformation of pollutant component, if the migration of leachate in soil is a process slowly, its harm could may find after the several years to many decades.
3, polluted-water.Oil-containing solids discarded object can flow to river, lake with natural rainfall, or racks with comparatively granule and move, fall into waters, causes the pollution of the surface water; Can being seeped in soil with oozing draining, entering underground water, making underground water contaminated; If waste residue directly enters river, lake or ocean, its harm is self-evident.
4, atmosphere pollution.Oil-containing solids discarded object is under suitable temperature and humidity, and its some organic matter contained is decomposed by the microorganisms, and discharges part pernicious gas, thus causes the pollution to air.Particulate, powder are exposed to the weather simultaneously, also can increase the weight of the dust pollution of air.
For process and the disposal of oil-containing solids discarded object, commonly at present mainly contain the methods such as landfill, burning, solidification and chemically stable process.
1, landfill method can be divided into again sea disposal and the large class of disposal by land two: sea disposal is mainly divided into ocean dumping and ocean to burn two kinds of methods, and the method for disposal by land has multiple, comprises landfill, soil cultivating, deep well injection etc.
2, burning method: under the high temperature conditions, makes oxidation operation resolve into Small molecular.In order to reach complete oxidation, must prevent contingent oxidation not exclusively or the reaction such as synthesis, to avoid and to control imperfect combustion product and pernicious gas (as CO, HC, HCl, SO
xdeng) cause secondary pollution.Burn the heat energy produced, can be used to produce steam or electric energy, also can be used for the needs heating or produce.Common incinerator has open type and multiple-chamber type.The former is applicable to process the easy decomposition of high heat, evaporable discarded object, prevents from blasting in combustion.The latter (carrying out under high temperature and anaerobic or very little oxygen exist) can less expensive utilize heat.
For the process of oil-containing solids discarded object, adopt pyrolysismethod than burning method advantageously.Because pyrolysismethod carries out in confined conditions, seldom produce pollution problem, disposal ability is large, and fuel can be solved by itself, also the product such as recyclable oils, and its expense is about 27% of burning expense.
3, solidification and chemically stable process: by physico-chemical process harmful solid waste fixed or be included in a kind of innocent treatment procedure in inertia curing substrate.The object of solidification process makes all pollutant components in discarded object present chemical inertness or inclusive, to transport, utilize or to dispose.Desirable cured product should have good permeability resistance, good mechanical property, and anti-leaching, anti-dry wet, freeze thawing resistance characteristic.Such cured product can directly be disposed in safe landfill field.Also can be used as the roadbed material of basic material or the road built.In China, curing is mainly for the treatment of radioactive waste.For the treatment of oil-containing solids discarded object still among research.
Now, the dual-pressure of facing mankind economic growth and environmental protection.Actively finding the novel energy of environmental protection more, while development new forms of energy city, enforcement novel energy strategy, we also need to cut the waste on existing fossil energy basis more, reduce environmental pollution.Realize recycling to oil-containing solids discarded object, for alleviating resource scarcity, certain positive role is played in reduction environmental pollution.
In in recirculating fluidized bed operation technique, China has complete intellectual property, has powerful stock of knowledge and application power.Solid waste is used fluidized bed pyrolysis distillation technique can reach the effect of lard oil.
This invention, not only can process because of solid waste oily sludge problem during drilling well, and can realize the recycling of oil-containing solids discarded object, for promoting sustainable development, realizes resource regeneration and recycling economy extra earning plays a role in promoting.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: technical problem to be solved in the utility model is: a kind of oil-containing solids waste resource utilization device is provided; this device is utilized to carry out pyrolysis distillation to oil; reduce environmental pollution; realize the recycling of oil-containing solids discarded object; both played and alleviated energy-intensive positive role, promoted again the protection of ecological environment.
Technical scheme: oil-containing solids waste resource utilization device of the present utility model comprises feed bin, charging gear, buried tube heat exchanger, air compartment, fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction distillation device, dust arrester, air preheater, condenser, burner, fluidized wind preheater and booster fan and booster fan;
Described feed bin bottom is connected on the top of charging gear import department, the feed-stock outlet of charging gear is connected with the charging aperture of fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction distillation device, fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction distillation device bottom arranges buried tube heat exchanger, and air compartment is arranged in bottom, is provided with deslagging outlet in the middle of air compartment; Be connected with the top of dust arrester in fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction distillation device upper outlet, the top of dust arrester is connected with the top of air preheater by pipeline, and dust arrester bottom is provided with ash discharging hole; Be connected with increase blower fan (8) by air duct in air preheater side, the air duct after air preheater is connected with burner, arranges oil extraction outlet device in the bottom of air preheater; Be connected with another booster fan import by pipeline in the bottom of air preheater (7), divide two-way at the pipeline of the outlet of booster fan, a road pipeline is connected with condenser, and a road is connected with fluidized wind preheater simultaneously; In condenser tubes outlet, be connected with burner side by pipeline, arrange oil extraction outlet at condenser; Burner base arranges postcombustion import, and burner outlet is connected with the lower inlet of buried tube heat exchanger by pipeline; Buried tube heat exchanger upper outlet is connected by the top of pipeline with fluidized wind preheater, and the outlet of fluidized wind preheater is connected with the bottom plenum bottom of fluid bed by pipeline.
Beneficial effect: compared with prior art, the utility model tool has the following advantages:
1, current China is to fluidization theoretical research and practical application all comparative maturities, fluidization is applied to the pyrolysis distillation of oil-containing solids discarded object, technology maturation, simultaneously, fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction pyrolysis distiller effectively improves furnace heat exchange efficiency, accelerate oily pyrolysis distillation, improve oil-containing solids changing rejected material to useful resource productive rate.
2, realize oil-containing solids changing rejected material to useful resource by pyrolysis distillation, produce problem of environmental pollution few, burner fuel is solved by itself, also the product such as recyclable oils, and its expense reduces greatly than existing burning expense.
3, the combustion gas after buried tube heat exchanger heat exchange enters fluidized wind preheater and carries out UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, not only reduce flue gas loss, improve efficiency of combustion, also improve fluidized wind temperature simultaneously, to benefit the pyrolysis distillation of oil-containing solids discarded object, thus improve the rate of recovery of oil.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model.
Have in figure: feed bin 1, charging gear 2, buried tube heat exchanger 3, air compartment 4, fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction distillation device 5, dust arrester 6, air preheater 7, condenser 10, burner 11, fluidized wind preheater 10 and booster fan 8 and booster fan 9.
Deslagging outlet 401, ash discharge outlet 601, fresh air inlet 801, oil extraction outlet 701, oil extraction outlet 1001, postcombustion import 1101, combustion gas emptying outlet 1201.
Detailed description of the invention
See Fig. 1, the oil-containing solids waste resource utilization device that the utility model provides, this device comprises feed bin 1, charging gear 2, buried tube heat exchanger 3, air compartment 4, fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction distillation device 5, dust arrester 6, air preheater 7, condenser 10, burner 11, fluidized wind preheater 10 and booster fan 8 and booster fan 9.
Described feed bin 1 bottom is connected on the top of charging gear 2 import department, the feed-stock outlet of charging gear 2 is connected with the charging aperture of fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction distillation device 5, fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction distillation device 5 bottom arranges buried tube heat exchanger 3, and air compartment 4 is arranged in bottom, is provided with deslagging outlet 401 in the middle of air compartment; Be connected with the top of dust arrester 6 in fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction distillation device 5 upper outlet, the top of dust arrester 6 is connected with the top 7 of air preheater by pipeline, and dust arrester 6 bottom is provided with ash discharging hole 601; Be connected with increase blower fan 8 by air duct in air preheater 7 side, the air duct after air preheater 7 is connected with burner 11, arranges oil extraction outlet device 701 in the bottom of air preheater 7; Be connected with another booster fan 9 import by pipeline in the bottom of air preheater 7, divide two-way at the pipeline of the outlet of booster fan 9, a road pipeline is connected with condenser 10, and a road is connected with fluidized wind preheater 12 simultaneously; At condenser 10 pipe outlet, be connected with burner 11 side by pipeline, arrange oil extraction outlet 1001 at condenser 10; Arrange postcombustion import 1101 bottom burner 11, burner 11 is exported and is connected by the lower inlet of pipeline with buried tube heat exchanger 3; Buried tube heat exchanger 3 upper outlet is connected by the top of pipeline with fluidized wind preheater 12, and fluidized wind preheater 12 is exported and is connected with bottom plenum 4 bottom of fluid bed by pipeline.
Operation of the present utility model comprises the steps:
Inside feed bin, deposit oil-containing solids discarded object, send in fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction distillation device through charging gear by oil-containing solids discarded object, after buried tube heat exchanger heat-shift, oil is distilled by pyrolysis, and solid waste residue is got rid of outside stove through outlet 401.The oil gas that pyrolysis distills out is drawn from fluid bed outlet together with ash content, in fluid bed outlet, ash content because of Action of Gravity Field through cyclone separator in ash handling equipment after gas solid separation, from feed opening outlet discharge 601.Oil gas enters air preheater with pipeline, connects fresh air at air intake 801, and after pyrolysis gas transfers heat to cold air, temperature reduces, and the pyrolysis gas that boiling point is higher first liquefies, and collects at outlet 701.Remaining pyrolysis gas is divided into two-way with pipeline, and part shunting enters condenser and continues liquefaction, and collect at outlet 1001, a part of pyrolysis gas enters fluidized wind preheater and delivers to fluid bed air compartment as inertia circulatory mediator in addition; From condenser incondensable gas out with pipeline deliver to burner with from air preheater high temperature air out and the fuel mix sent here from postcombustion import 1101, burn, the high-temperature fuel gas produced enters buried tube heat exchanger with pipeline, carry out exchange heat, for fluidized bed pyrolysis distillation reactor provides thermal source; Low temperature combustion gas after exchange heat delivers to fluidized wind preheater with outlet conduit, carries out UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, and after carrying out exchange heat with the pyrolysis gas entering fluidized wind preheater, pollution-free harmless treatment is emptying with outlet 1201.
Oil-containing solids discarded object is sent in fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor distiller through charging gear, in fluid bed, decomposes distills out pyrolysis gas, exchange heat can be carried out at fluid bed lower disposed buried tube heat exchanger, in bed, required control temperature material contained by oil kind determines, being beneficial to different organic substance pyrolysis in oil is gas, departs from solid waste and distills out.
From fluid bed export out pyrolyzed mixture gas, realize being separated of pyrolysis gas and ash content, at fluid bed outlet layout ash exhauster, contained cyclone separator, removes the solid ash content in pyrolysis gas.
Pyrolysis gas physical efficiency after ash exhauster obtains being liquefied as fluid oil, pyrolysis gas flows into air preheater by pipeline, the fresh air from the external world is transferred heat to by heat exchanger tube, himself temperature reduces, and guarantee that the pyrolysis gas temperature in air preheater exit can be reduced to below 250 DEG C of temperature, make high boiling gas liquefaction in pyrolysis gas, be convenient to collect; Meanwhile, air preheater heat ingress air, improves the ignition condition of burner, improves burning quality and efficiency.
Pyrolysis gas after air preheater can realize a part of gas as inertia circulatory mediator, run to maintain systemic circulation, the shunting of part pyrolysis gas enters condenser and continues cooling condensation to collect more fluid oils, incondensable gas is as the fuel of burner, the increase blower fan 9 that pyrolysis gas pipeline place after air preheater is arranged and pipeline is divided into two-way, one road pyrolysis gas enters fluidized wind preheater and carries out pre-hotwork inertia circulatory mediator, and pre-heating temperature elevation runs to maintain systemic circulation; One road pyrolysis gas enters condenser liquefaction, and incondensable gas sends into burner as fuel.
In burner 11, realize air and fuel stabilization burns, for buried tube heat exchanger provides high-temperature fuel gas, a fuel mix part comes from the incondensable gas after condenser, and a part is by extraneous supply; And preheated air is supplied to burner by pipeline by air preheater, maintain burning.
Pyrolysis retort gas distills circulatory mediator as inertia, maintenance systemic circulation is run, realize the UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN of low temperature combustion gas in buried tube heat exchanger simultaneously, burner provides high-temperature fuel gas to buried tube heat exchanger, after heat-shift, low temperature combustion gas passes into fluidized wind preheater through piping, for doing thermal source from the low pyrolysis gas after air preheater, to improve the temperature of inertia circulated air, harmless to environment process is emptying.
Be provided with scum pipe bottom fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction distillation device and connect bed body, through fluid bed bottom air compartment, solid material after de-oiling can be discharged from scum pipe, inertia distillation circulatory mediator enters fluid bed bottom air compartment, enter in fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction distillation device through air distribution plate, maintain the mixed flow state that in fluid bed, solid material and cycling hot are vented one's spleen.
The method is by oil content in solid waste, pyrolysis is at a certain temperature distilled, and makes inertia circulatory mediator with pyrolysis retort gas, and pyrolysis gas liquefies and is separated obtain fluid oil in air preheater, condenser cooling, realize resource, incondensable gas is as pyrolysing fuel; After fresh air heats up in air preheater, become high-temperature fuel gas after burning with incondensable gas and postcombustion, for fluidized bed pyrolysis distillation reactor provides heat; In order to make full use of process waste heat, if fluidized wind preheater, waste heat gas is utilized to heat fluidized wind; Fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction distillation device bottom air distribution plate, inside are provided with buried tube heat exchanger, and circular flow wind transmission enters fluidized bed pyrolysis distillation reactor from air compartment through air distribution plate, logical high-temperature fuel gas in pipe laying.This device isolates oil content from oil-containing solids discarded object, realizes solid waste resource recovery and utilizes, and reaches and reduces environmental pollution and improve solid waste resource recovery Joint effect.
1, inside feed bin, oil-containing solids discarded object is deposited, through charging gear, oil-containing solids discarded object is sent into fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction distillation device, select suitable pyrolysis vapo(u)rizing temperature (200 DEG C-800 DEG C) according to oil kind, be beneficial to different organic substance in oil (oily ether, light oil, kerosene, diesel oil, heavy oil etc.) and solid waste pyrolysis can both be departed from distill out.Arrange buried tube heat exchanger in fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction pyrolysis distiller bottom, bottom arranges air compartment,
2, in buried tube heat exchanger, combustion gas trend is set to from bottom to top, effectively improves the heat transfer effect of heat exchanger, better can must maintain pyrolysis distillation reaction condition in bed, improves system cloud gray model, and the solid residue after pyrolysis distillation discharges out of the furnace.
3, ash exhauster is set in fluid bed exit, the pyrolysis gas that pyrolysis distills out from pyrolysis distillation reactor and ash content flow out from the outlet of pyrolysis distiller with fluidized wind, in ash handling equipment, through cyclone separator, collection apparatus for ash is fallen in the effect of gravity and centrifugal force, thus reach dedusting effect, effectively remove the granule foreign in pyrolysis gas.
4, the pyrolysis gas after dedusting accesses air preheater by connecting pipe, is provided with heat exchanger tube in air heat exchanger, conducts heat to fresh air thus the temperature of pyrolysis gas is reduced through exchange heat.Therefore the pyrolysis gas (as heavy oil and kerosene) that boiling point is higher is first liquefied as fluid oil and is convenient to collect, it should be noted that oil component is different, the liquid oil mass of liquefaction is also different, but reach the effect of oil-containing solids changing rejected material to useful resource equally, simultaneously, the raising of air themperature is beneficial to the ignition condition of the burner improved thereafter, improves burning quality and efficiency.
5, through air preheater cooling pyrolysis gas through blower fan supercharging, be divided into two-way, one tunnel shunting enters condenser, pyrolysis gas is made again to lower the temperature (not higher than 50 DEG C), liquefaction is so that collect, remaining incondensable gas is picked into burner with pipeline, with the high temperature air from air preheater with by the postcombustion mixing active combustion outside burner, to improve fuel availability and efficiency of combustion; An other road pyrolysis gas sends into fluidized wind preheater by pipeline, as inertia circulatory mediator after raising temperature, sends into air compartment and maintains systemic circulation operation.
6, in fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction distillation device, from high-temperature fuel gas heat release in buried tube heat exchanger of burner, the low temperature combustion gas of outlet is by pipeline incoming stream wind transmission preheater, waste heat gas is utilized, heat exchanger tube is provided with in fluidized wind preheater, waste heat gas preheating is vented one's spleen from the cycling hot of air preheater, the temperature improving fluidized wind is to fluidized wind preheating object, not only increase the Btu utilization that burner produces, and also improve the pyrolysis distillation condition of whole fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction pyrolysis distiller.
7, by the low temperature combustion gas after fluidized wind preheater, carry out vent gas treatment, guarantee environmentally safe innoxious after carry out emptying.
8, be provided with scum pipe bottom fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction distillation device and connect bed body, through fluid bed bottom air compartment, solids after de-oiling can expect to discharge from scum pipe, inertia distillation circulatory mediator enters fluid bed bottom air compartment, through entering in fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction distillation device through air distribution plate, maintain the mixed flow state that in fluid bed, solid material and cycling hot are vented one's spleen.
Claims (1)
1. an oil-containing solids waste resource utilization device, it is characterized in that, this device comprises feed bin (1), charging gear (2), buried tube heat exchanger (3), air compartment (4), fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction distillation device (5), dust arrester (6), air preheater (7), condenser (10), burner (11), fluidized wind preheater (10) and booster fan (8) and booster fan (9);
Described feed bin (1) bottom is connected on the top of charging gear (2) import department, the feed-stock outlet of charging gear (2) is connected with the charging aperture of fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction distillation device (5), fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction distillation device (5) bottom arranges buried tube heat exchanger (3), air compartment (4) is arranged in bottom, is provided with deslagging outlet (401) in the middle of air compartment; Be connected on the top of fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction distillation device (5) upper outlet with dust arrester (6), the top of dust arrester (6) is connected with the top (7) of air preheater by pipeline, and dust arrester (6) bottom is provided with ash discharging hole (601); Be connected with increase blower fan (8) by air duct in air preheater (7) side, air duct after air preheater (7) is connected with burner (11), arranges oil extraction outlet device (701) in the bottom of air preheater (7); Be connected with another booster fan (9) import by pipeline in the bottom of air preheater (7) simultaneously, two-way is divided at the pipeline of the outlet of booster fan (9), one road pipeline is connected with condenser (10), and a road is connected with fluidized wind preheater (12); At condenser (10) pipe outlet, be connected with burner (11) side by pipeline, arrange oil extraction outlet (1001) at condenser (10); Postcombustion import (1101) is arranged in burner (11) bottom, and burner (11) outlet is connected by the lower inlet of pipeline with buried tube heat exchanger (3); Buried tube heat exchanger (3) upper outlet is connected by the top of pipeline with fluidized wind preheater (12), and fluidized wind preheater (12) outlet is connected with bottom plenum (4) bottom of fluid bed by pipeline.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104748130A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-07-01 | 东南大学 | Oil-bearing solid waste resource utilization device and method |
| CN106594748A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-04-26 | 广东天源环境科技有限公司 | Solid waste pyrogenation and combustion system |
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2015
- 2015-03-17 CN CN201520152400.4U patent/CN204534599U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104748130A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-07-01 | 东南大学 | Oil-bearing solid waste resource utilization device and method |
| CN104748130B (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2017-01-18 | 东南大学 | Oil-bearing solid waste resource utilization device and method |
| CN106594748A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-04-26 | 广东天源环境科技有限公司 | Solid waste pyrogenation and combustion system |
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