CN204501188U - For the nervus centralis bulk temperature regulating system of cardiac operation - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a whole central nervous system temperature regulating system for heart surgery, which comprises a plurality of temperature-adjustable temperature-regulating blocks covering the outside of the cranium and distributed along the spine from the back. The utility model can adjust the shape and structure of the cranial cooling device according to the shape of the patient's cranium, making it closer to the external surface of the patient's cranium and enhancing the cooling effect; the detachable connection mode is convenient for assembly; its overall length can be adjusted, and can It is suitable for different patients; it is close to the overall central nervous system of the patient, and can effectively affect the temperature of the central nervous system through temperature changes, with fast response and high sensitivity; easy to use and good cooling effect, which provides a strong guarantee for the smooth progress of the operation .

Description

Integral central nervous system temperature regulation system for cardiac surgery

technical field

The utility model relates to a medical temperature regulating system, in particular to a temperature regulating system for regulating the temperature of the whole central nervous system in heart surgery.

Background technique

Due to the application of extracorporeal circulation technology in cardiac surgery, the blood perfusion pressure and perfusion flow of the central nervous system decrease, and the internal environment changes, which will have a significant impact on the central nervous system composed of the brain and spinal cord. The brain is the organ that consumes the most oxygen in the whole body, and cells are most sensitive to hypoxia, so the damage caused is far more serious than other organs. Central nervous system dysfunction is a common complication of cardiac surgery, according to statistics, the incidence rate can reach 5% to 40%. In this regard, the current clinical response strategy is to effectively reduce cell metabolism by cooling the nervous system, and low temperature technology is the most important brain protection technology. For every 1°C decrease in temperature, the metabolic rate of brain tissue decreases by 5% to 7%. When the temperature drops to 20°C, the tissue metabolic rate drops to 1/5 of normal temperature. Cardiopulmonary bypass operations generally require the use of cooling techniques, especially operations involving the aorta often require the use of deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest techniques. That is to say, the core temperature of the body is lowered to 18°C to 20°C, and then the blood supply to the whole body is interrupted to perform the operation. The main purpose of cooling is to protect the central nervous system. Therefore, cardiac surgery, especially deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, requires precise regulation of the temperature of the central nervous system. The temperature drops too low, or recovers too high, causing neurological damage.

Currently, ice caps are used during circulatory arrest to lower the temperature of the patient's brain in order to protect the patient. The shape of the traditional ice cap is similar to that of a helmet, with an interlayer in the middle and ice water in the additional layer. This structure is very inconvenient to use, and the ice water needs to be replaced regularly, otherwise it will not be able to continuously cool down. In addition, the ice cap only focuses on cooling the brain, the adjustment process is slow, and the cooling and temperature adjustment effects are poor.

The central nervous system is located in the cerebrospinal fluid, of which the brainstem and thalamus are the most important functional structures. The brainstem is located below the cerebrum, the smaller part between the brain and the spinal cord. The thalamus is the innermost core of the brain. The cooling effect of the traditional ice cap is limited. The important reason is that the ice cap can only cool the part of the brain from the outside through the skull, and this cooling method is poorly controllable and slow, and the low temperature is transmitted to the core of the brain. The thalamus has a long time limit and the cooling is uneven. In addition, the traditional ice cap cannot cover the brainstem below the brain, and there is currently no special cooling device for the brainstem, which makes it difficult to achieve precise cooling of the brainstem. In particular, the spinal cord is also an important part of the central nervous system, but the traditional ice cap currently used cannot regulate the temperature of the spinal cord. Therefore, it is an urgent clinical problem to realize the overall precise regulation of the temperature of the central nervous system, especially the temperature of the brainstem, thalamus and spinal cord. In response to this problem, we imagine that if we can regulate the temperature of the cerebrospinal fluid as a whole, and then affect the temperature of the central nervous system soaked in the cerebrospinal fluid, then we can achieve precise regulation of the temperature of the central nervous system as a whole.

Contents of the invention

In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a temperature regulation system, which can regulate the temperature of the central nervous system as a whole, has the advantages of high sensitivity and strong controllability, and especially realizes the temperature adjustment of the brainstem. Accurate and rapid adjustment of the cerebrospinal fluid system by strengthening the temperature regulation of the magnanimous cistern and the lumbar cistern, thereby achieving the purpose of accurately and quickly adjusting the temperature of the overall nervous system, and effectively improving the protection of the nervous system in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. curative effect.

In order to achieve the above tasks, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

An overall temperature regulation system for the central nervous system used in cardiac surgery, comprising a plurality of temperature-adjustable temperature-regulating blocks covering the outside of the cranium and distributed along the spine from the back.

Further, the temperature regulation system further includes a temperature detector for measuring the temperature of the nasopharynx of the human body, and the temperature of the temperature regulation block is regulated according to the temperature measured by the temperature detector.

Further, the temperature regulating block adopts a semiconductor cooling chip.

Further, the temperature-regulating block is a hollow structure, and the temperature-regulating blocks are connected to each other, and the temperature of the temperature-regulating block is changed through a water circulation system.

Further, the temperature-regulating block includes a first temperature-regulating block, a second temperature-regulating block, a third temperature-regulating block and a fourth temperature-regulating block, wherein the first temperature-regulating block is provided in multiples, and can be bent through each other connected with the first connecting rod to form a hemispherical structure covering the top of the patient's skull; the third temperature-regulating block is set at the back of the human body and connected with the first temperature-regulating block; the fourth temperature-regulating block is set at the cistern magna The third temperature-regulating block is connected; the second temperature-regulating block is set in multiples, and is arranged along the spine to the lumbar pool. The second temperature-regulating block, the second temperature-regulating block and the fourth temperature-regulating block are all detachable connection.

Further, the second temperature-regulating block, the second temperature-regulating block and the fourth temperature-regulating block are connected through a second connecting rod, and the second connecting rod is a hollow structure, including 1. The lower rod at the lower end of the second temperature regulating block, the inner wall of the lower rod is provided with external threads; the upper end of the second temperature regulating block is provided with an upper rod, and the upper rod is equipped with a sleeve that can move in the upper rod, and the upper end of the sleeve is The part is provided with an internal thread that cooperates with the external thread.

Further, the lower end of the sleeve extends into the upper rod, and a collar with the same outer diameter as the inner diameter of the upper rod is provided outside the lower end of the sleeve; Clamping plate coming out of upper rod.

Further, the side of the second temperature-regulating block close to the human body has a structure that is high in the middle and low on both sides of the middle.

Further, the temperature regulating system also includes a mattress, the surface of the mattress has a concave surface that fits the curve of the human body's back and cranium when lying flat.

Further, the water circulation system includes a controller, a water pump and a hot and cold water tank.

The utility model has the following technical characteristics:

1. The shape and structure of the cranial cooling device can be adjusted according to the shape and size of the patient's cranium, so that it can be closer to the external surface of the patient's cranium and enhance the cooling effect;

2. Detachable connection, easy to assemble; its overall length can be adjusted, which can be used by different patients;

3. Close to the overall central nervous system of the patient, the temperature of the central nervous system can be effectively affected by the change of the cerebrospinal fluid temperature, and the temperature regulation of the brainstem, thalamus and spinal cord can be strengthened, with fast response and high sensitivity;

4. It is easy to use and has a good cooling and rewarming effect, which provides a strong guarantee for the curative effect of the operation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the second temperature regulation block part;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation when the utility model adopts the water circulation structure;

The symbols in the figure represent: 1—the first temperature regulating block, 2—the first connecting rod, 3—the third temperature regulating block, 4—the fourth temperature regulating block, 5—the second connecting rod, 501—internal thread, 502— Lower section rod, 503—upper section rod, 504—collar, 505—clamp plate, 506—sleeve, 507—external thread, 6—second temperature control block, 7—temperature detector, 8—concave surface, 9—mattress , 10—conductive wire, 11—controller, 12—aqueduct, 13—water pump, 14—cold and hot water tank.

Detailed ways

In deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, accurate and rapid regulation of central nervous system temperature is of great significance to the success of the operation. Nasopharyngeal temperature refers to the temperature of the deep nasal cavity, which can reflect the temperature of the brain. Therefore, the inventors considered taking the nasopharyngeal temperature as the regulation benchmark, and quickly adjusted the temperature of the central nervous system so that the temperature of the cerebrospinal fluid can be quickly regulated, so that the brain temperature Get precise control.

An overall temperature regulation system for the central nervous system used in cardiac surgery, comprising a plurality of temperature-adjustable temperature-regulating blocks covering the outside of the cranium and distributed along the spine from the back.

The central nervous system is the main component of the nervous system, mainly including the spinal cord located in the spinal canal and the brain located in the cranial cavity. To quickly regulate the overall temperature of the central nervous system, it is necessary to arrange the overall cooling device along the central nervous system. The body surface closest to the brain is the cranial surface, while the closest to the spinal canal is the back. Therefore, multiple temperature-regulating blocks are set in this plan. The temperature of the temperature-regulating blocks can be raised or lowered. The distribution of the spine, when the temperature of the temperature-regulating block changes, it can quickly affect the temperature of the central nervous system in contact with it, so as to achieve the purpose of precisely regulating the temperature of the brain.

In order to adopt better standards in the temperature regulation process, the temperature regulation system also includes a temperature detector 7 for measuring the temperature of the human nasopharynx, and the temperature of the temperature regulation block is regulated according to the temperature measured by the temperature detector 7 .

The temperature detector 7 measures the temperature of the nasopharynx, and uses the temperature of the nasopharynx as a reference to adjust the temperature of the thermostat block. This process can be adjusted automatically, or manually adjusted by the doctor according to the needs of the operation. Through this feedback regulation method, the regulation of brain temperature can be made more precise and controllable.

A preferred temperature-regulating block adopts a semiconductor refrigeration chip. This is an excellent temperature regulating device, which can change its own temperature in a wide range, and can adjust and feedback the temperature through the controller 11; block, the wire 10 is connected to the controller 11.

Another kind of temperature-regulating block can adopt a hollow structure, and the temperature-regulating blocks are connected to each other, and the temperature of the temperature-regulating block can be changed through a water circulation system. As shown in Figure 3, the thermostat block adopts a hollow structure, and the thermostat blocks are also connected by hollow tubes, so that a water channel is formed in the thermostat block and the hollow tube, and the temperature of the cerebrospinal fluid is changed by water circulation. The water circulation system includes a controller 11, a water guide pipe 12, a water pump 13, and a hot and cold water tank 14. As shown in FIG. 3, the controller 11 detects the temperature of the water tank, and controls the water pump 13 and the water guide pipe 12 to realize water circulation. The advantages of the water circulation system are low cost and mature technology. Compared with semiconductor refrigeration chips, its volume is larger.

A specific way of arranging the temperature regulation block, as shown in Figure 1, the temperature regulation block includes a first temperature regulation block 1, a second temperature regulation block 6, a third temperature regulation block 3 and a fourth temperature regulation block 4, wherein The first temperature-regulating block 1 is arranged in multiples, and is connected with each other through the first bendable connecting rod 2 to form a hemispherical structure, covering the top of the patient's skull; the third temperature-regulating block 3 is arranged on the back of the human body (brain stem ), which is connected to the first temperature-regulating block 1; the fourth temperature-regulating block 4 is set at the Occidental Pool and connected to the third temperature-regulating block 3; the second temperature-regulating block 6 is set in multiples and arranged along the spine to the lumbar pool , between the second temperature regulation block 6, between the second temperature regulation block 6 and the fourth temperature regulation block 4 are detachable connections.

The first temperature-regulating block 1 is bent, and its shape fits the craniofacial curve, and is connected with each other to form a hemispherical "hat" structure, which is worn on the top of the patient's skull and is mainly used to regulate the temperature of the brain. temperature. The first connecting rod 2 can be a hollow rod and can be bent. After the "hat" is worn on the heads of different patients, the "hat" can be brought closer to the cranial surface by bending the first connecting rod 2. The third temperature-regulating block 3 is also an arc-shaped structure, which is larger than the first temperature-regulating block 1. One piece is set to make the patient's cranium press on it, prevent the cranium from rotating, and simultaneously regulate the temperature of the hindbrain. Since more cerebrospinal fluid is at the cistern magna, the shape of the third temperature-regulating block 3 arranged at the cistern magna should also be larger, so as to rapidly affect the temperature at the cistern magna. The first temperature-regulating block 1, the third temperature-regulating block 3 and the fourth temperature-regulating block 4 constitute the upper half of the structure, from the cranium to the cistern magna.

In order to facilitate the wearing of the patient, the upper half and the lower half are connected in a detachable manner. The lower part includes the second temperature-regulating block 6, arranged along the spine, and a plurality of them are arranged. Since different patients have different spine lengths, in order to increase or decrease the second temperature-regulating block 6 for convenience, the second temperature-regulating blocks 6 are also detachably connected. And a second temperature-regulating block 6 at lumbar pool place, overall structure also should be set bigger.

A specific connection method may be that the second temperature-regulating block 6, the second temperature-regulating block 6 and the fourth temperature-regulating block 4 are connected through the second connecting rod 5, and the second connecting rod 5 is a hollow structure. Including the lower section rod 502 arranged on the lower ends of the fourth temperature adjustment block 4 and the second temperature adjustment block 6, the inner wall of the lower section rod 502 is provided with an external thread 507; the upper end of the second temperature adjustment block 6 is provided with an upper section rod 503, the upper section rod 503 is equipped with a sleeve 506 that can move in the upper rod 503 , and the upper end of the sleeve 506 is provided with an internal thread 501 that cooperates with an external thread 507 .

As shown in Figure 2, the second connecting rod 5 is composed of two parts, and communicates with the inside of the second temperature regulating block 6. When water circulation is adopted, the second connecting rod 5 and the inside of the second temperature regulating block 6 can pass water flow, And when adopting the semiconductor cooling chip, the inside can pass through the wire 10. Wherein the lower end of the fourth temperature regulation block 4 is provided with a section of lower segment rod 502 for connecting with the second temperature regulation block 6 .

The lower end of the sleeve 506 extends into the upper rod 503, and a collar 504 with the same outer diameter as the inner diameter of the upper rod 503 is provided outside the lower end of the sleeve 506; 504 is the clamping plate 505 that escapes from the upper segment rod 503 .

In the second connecting rod 5 , the length of the upper rod 503 can be adjusted, which is specifically realized by the sleeve 506 . Pulling the casing 506 outside the upper rod 503 can increase the distance between two adjacent second temperature-regulating blocks 6 , and pushing the casing 506 inward can shorten the distance between the second temperature-regulating blocks 6 . distance. Through this adjustment method, the density of the second temperature-regulating block 6 arranged outside the spine can be set.

If the quantity of the second temperature-regulating block 6 is insufficient, the sleeve pipe 506 and the lower rod 502 that are threaded can be separated from each other by rotating the sleeve pipe 506 between two second temperature-regulating blocks 6, so that Two adjacent second temperature-regulating blocks 6 are separated, and new second temperature-regulating blocks 6 are added and then connected in sequence. And because of the structure of the collar 504 and the clamping plate 505, when the water circulation is adopted and the water flow passes through the inside, it can also play a good sealing effect.

In order to make the second temperature-regulating block 6 closer to the outside of the spine, the side of the second temperature-regulating block 6 close to the human body has a structure that is high in the middle and low on both sides of the middle.

And the temperature-regulating block part of this regulating system can also be placed on a mattress 9 as a whole, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3, the surface of the mattress 9 has a concave surface 8 that fits with the curve of the human body's back and cranial when lying flat , to prevent the position of the temperature-regulating block from changing, and at the same time make the temperature-regulating block closer to the surface of the human body.

Claims (10)

1. A central nervous system integral temperature regulation system for cardiac surgery, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of temperature-adjustable temperature-regulating blocks covering the outside of the cranium and distributed along the spine from the back. 2. the whole central nervous system temperature regulating system for cardiac surgery as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described temperature regulating system also comprises the temperature detector (7) that is used to measure human nasopharynx temperature, regulates The temperature of the temperature block is regulated according to the temperature measured by the temperature detector (7). 3. The overall central nervous system temperature regulation system for cardiac surgery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature regulation block adopts a semiconductor refrigeration chip. 4. The central nervous system integral temperature regulation system for cardiac surgery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature regulation block is a hollow structure, and the temperature regulation blocks are connected to each other, and the temperature regulation is changed through the water circulation system. block temperature. 5. The central nervous system integral temperature regulating system for cardiac surgery as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, said temperature-regulating block comprises a first temperature-regulating block (1), a second temperature-regulating block (6) , the third temperature-regulating block (3) and the fourth temperature-regulating block (4), wherein the first temperature-regulating block (1) is provided in multiples, and is connected to each other by a bendable first connecting rod (2) to form a hemisphere Shaped structure, covering the top of the patient's skull; the third temperature-regulating block (3) is set at the back of the human body and connected with the first temperature-regulating block (1); the fourth temperature-regulating block (4) is set at the cistern The third temperature-regulating block (3) is connected; the second temperature-regulating block (6) is set in multiples, arranged along the spine to the lumbar pool, between the second temperature-regulating blocks (6), the second temperature-regulating block (6) A detachable connection is adopted between the fourth temperature regulating block (4). 6. the central nervous system integral temperature regulating system for cardiac surgery as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, between the second described temperature-regulating block (6), between the second temperature-regulating block (6) and the first The four temperature adjustment blocks (4) are connected by the second connecting rod (5), the second connecting rod (5) is a hollow structure, including the fourth temperature adjustment block (4), the second temperature adjustment block (6) The lower section rod (502) at the lower end is provided with external thread (507) on the inner wall of the lower section rod (502); the upper section rod (503) is arranged on the upper end of the second temperature regulating block (6), and the upper section rod (503) is equipped with A casing (506) movable in the upper rod (503), the upper end of the casing (506) is provided with an internal thread (501) matched with an external thread (507). 7. The central nervous system integral temperature regulating system for cardiac surgery as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, the lower end of the sleeve (506) extends into the upper rod (503), and The outside of the lower end of the pipe (506) is provided with a collar (504) whose outer diameter is the same as the inner diameter of the upper section rod (503); The pallet (505) that came out of the 8. The central nervous system integral temperature regulation system for cardiac surgery as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, the side of the second temperature regulation block (6) close to the human body is high in the middle and low in both sides of the middle structure. 9. as claimed in claim 1, is used for the whole central nervous system temperature regulation system of cardiac surgery, it is characterized in that, described temperature regulation system also comprises a mattress (9), mattress (9) surface has and The concave surface (8) that fits the curves of the back of the human body and the cranium when lying flat. 10. The whole central nervous system temperature regulating system for cardiac surgery as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that, said water circulation system comprises a controller (11), a water pump (13) and a hot and cold water tank (14).