CN204494794U - A kind of recovery used heat thermal fusion latent heat of solidification heat pump - Google Patents

Abstract

A recovery waste heat thermal fusion solidification latent heat pump, belonging to the field of heat pump technology, including a compressor, a condensate tank dry filter, a throttling device, an evaporation water tank, a gas-liquid separator, an evaporation water tank circulation pump, a condensation water tank circulation pump, and a liquid level Meter, user heat utilization system, water collector, decontamination device, tap water solenoid valve, drain solenoid valve and controller. Compared with the conventional sewage source heat pump system, it not only realizes the deep utilization of domestic sewage, but also realizes the two processes of alternating freezing and melting ice on the heat exchange surface through the waste heat melting and deicing of domestic sewage, which reduces the temperature of domestic sewage. It ensures the normal startup and stable operation of the heat pump unit throughout the year, and at the same time ensures that the heat provided by the low-level heat source meets the heat load demand of the user. The structure is simple, easy to maintain and overhaul, and the heating efficiency is high. It can be widely used in domestic hot water and heat supply. field.

Description

A thermal melting solidification latent heat heat pump for recovering waste heat

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of heat pumps, in particular to a solidification latent heat heat pump which utilizes waste heat sensible heat for deicing and utilizes waste heat sensible heat and latent heat as low-level heat sources of the heat pump.

Background technique

With the rapid development of my country's economy, the level of urbanization and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the demand for domestic hot water in families, hotels, schools, hospitals, baths, etc. is also increasing. At present, there are usually the following ways to prepare domestic hot water: (A) hot water boilers using high-grade heat sources (such as coal, oil, gas, electric heating); (B) using solar energy as the main heat source, gas boilers Or a hot water system with electric heating as an auxiliary heat source; (C) heat pump hot water systems such as water source heat pumps or air source heat pumps, etc. Since domestic hot water still has a relatively high temperature (up to 30°C or higher) when it is discharged after utilization, although hot water boilers using high-grade heat sources have the advantages of fast heating and stable system operation, from the perspective of my country's energy policy and economic From a general point of view, hot water boilers are not the best way to prepare hot water. They not only consume primary energy, but also have high operating costs. At the same time, the low-level thermal energy contained in domestic sewage is wasted because it cannot be used scientifically. Solar energy is a green renewable energy source, and it is worth advocating to use it as a heat source to provide domestic hot water. However, solar energy has the disadvantages of instability and dispersion, which limits the use of solar water heating systems. For heat pump hot water systems, surface water source heat pumps such as rivers, rivers, lakes, seawater, and urban sewage are recognized as an excellent energy-saving and environmentally friendly technology due to their high heating coefficient and low initial investment. Surface water source heat pumps have not been widely promoted. The reason is that surface water suitable for heat pump water sources is not everywhere. The space is already small, and there is a danger of freezing damage or clogging the pipes.

In order to solve the problem of small sensible heat energy space of low-level heat sources, people consider making fluid ice to extract solidification latent heat to meet the needs of engineering loads. A utility model patent (application number CN 200610009617.5) proposes a solidification latent heat pump that uses sensible heat from a low-level heat source to supply water for defrosting. It utilizes the characteristics of incompatibility between air and water and good fluidity, and uses air as the intermediary cooling fluid. , to make "rootless ice". After the air exchanges heat directly with water, it then exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the heat pump evaporator. Therefore, the heat pump is essentially an air source heat pump. Since the temperature after direct heat exchange between air and water is about 0°C and is very close to the saturation state, the surface of the evaporator is prone to frosting during the process of extracting the latent heat of solidification heat pump. In order to improve the heating efficiency of the heat pump, The utility model uses the sensible heat of part of the low-level heat source water to defrost. The utility model makes good use of the latent heat of the low-level heat source water, and at the same time effectively solves the problem of defrosting of the evaporator. In addition, in order to solve the problem that the air-cooled heat pump has low working efficiency or even cannot operate normally when the ambient temperature is low, a utility model patent (application number CN 200910184024.6) proposes a dual heat source heat pump, which has two operating modes , the air source is used as the heat source when the ambient temperature is high, and part of the latent heat of water is used as the heat source when the ambient temperature is low, thus ensuring that the heat pump system has a high working efficiency when the ambient temperature is low, but how to prepare the flow Ice is the key to the stable operation of the heat pump system to meet the demand of continuously extracting the heat of condensation from water. In the process of extracting the solidification heat, in order to make the frozen ice be stripped from the heat exchange surface in time while meeting the economic benefits, and to make the ice water flow in the pipeline without blockage, a utility model patent (patent number CN 200610009616.0 , CN200610009740.7) proposed a scraper-type solidification heat collection device, which peels off the ice frozen on the heat exchange tube from the wall in the form of mechanical "scraping", mixes with water to form ice flocs and takes them away with the water, thus continuously However, the method of mechanical deicing has the problems of complex equipment structure and high cost.

When domestic sewage is recycled, it has the remarkable characteristics of high waste heat temperature and rich heat energy (it can reach above 30°C), but when it is used as a low-level heat source of water source heat pump, when domestic hot water is heated by water source heat pump unit, the following problems will occur : (1) In areas where the temperature is low in winter, the temperature of tap water is low in winter, such as about 5°C, while the temperature of waste heat is about 30°C. Use a low-level heat source at about 30°C to heat the tap water at about 5°C through a heat pump to meet When the domestic water temperature is required, the heat pump unit cannot start normally under this working condition. (2) When the heat pump is heating domestic hot water, the temperature of the cold water on the condensing side gradually increases, resulting in a gradual increase in the condensing temperature. At the same time, due to insufficient sewage water, domestic sewage needs to be stored in the water storage tank, and the evaporating side The temperature of the sewage gradually decreases, resulting in a gradual decrease in the evaporation temperature. During the entire operation of the heat pump unit, the condensing temperature and evaporation temperature vary widely, and the stability of the heat pump unit operation is poor. (3) When the tap water at about 5°C is heated to meet the temperature requirements of domestic water through the heat pump unit, only the sensible heat of domestic sewage is recovered, which cannot meet the heat load needs of users on the condensation side. Therefore, under the general call of the international community for energy conservation and emission reduction, how to effectively solve the above problems, so as to rationally and effectively utilize domestic waste water and other waste heat resources, and achieve continuous and stable heat demand for users is of great significance.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to realize reasonable and effective utilization of domestic sewage, adopt part of the low-temperature sensible heat and solidification latent heat of sewage as heat sources, and use part of the sensible heat of waste water to achieve alternate freezing on the heat exchange surface through the heat-thawing method. The two processes of ice and ice melting are used to maintain the evaporation temperature of the heat pump unit within a relatively stable range, to ensure the normal and stable operation of the heat pump unit, and to ensure that the heat provided by the low-level heat source meets the heat load demand of the user. Provided is a recovery waste heat heat melting solidification latent heat heat pump.

The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

A recovery waste heat thermal melting solidification latent heat pump, including a compressor, a condensed water tank, a dry filter, a throttling device, an evaporating water tank, a gas-liquid separator, a circulating pump for the evaporating water tank, a circulating pump for the condensed water tank, a liquid level gauge, and a user heat pump. Utilization system, water collector, decontamination device, tap water solenoid valve, drain solenoid valve and controller; the exhaust port of the compressor and the refrigerant side of the condensed water tank, the dry filter, the throttling device, and the refrigerant side of the evaporating water tank pass through the pipeline in sequence Connection, the suction port of the compressor is connected to the outlet of the gas-liquid separator through a pipeline; the tap water solenoid valve is connected to the condensate tank through a tap water supply pipe, and the inlet of the tap water supply pipe is higher than the top of the liquid level gauge; the drain solenoid valve is connected to the evaporator through a drain pipe The water tank is connected; the user's heat utilization system is connected to the condensed water tank through pipelines; the water collector, decontamination device and the evaporation water tank are connected in sequence through pipelines; the suction port and outlet of the circulation pump of the evaporation water tank are connected to the evaporation water tank through pipelines, The suction and outlet of the condensate tank circulation pump are connected to the condensate tank through pipelines; the liquid level gauge is installed on the outer wall of the condensate tank, and its bottom is higher than the water outlet connected to the user's heat utilization system.

The operation mode of the utility model is: the controller reads the indication value of the liquid level gauge and compares it with the minimum liquid level setting value of the condensed water tank. Fill with water, when the indication value reaches the set value of the maximum liquid level of the condensed water tank, the tap water solenoid valve is closed, the circulating pump of the evaporating water tank and the circulating pump of the condensed water tank are started, and then the heat pump unit is started, and when the water temperature in the condensed water tank reaches the temperature required by the user, The heat pump unit stops running, and then the circulating pump of the evaporation water tank and the circulating pump of the condensed water tank stop running; the user takes high-temperature hot water from the condensed water tank, collects the waste water through the water collector after use, and performs physical decontamination treatment on the waste water through the decontamination device After that, the waste water flows into the evaporating water tank for storage, and melts the solid ice outside the refrigerant heat exchange tube of the evaporating water tank. When the water temperature is lower than the set value of the drainage temperature, the drain solenoid valve opens to drain water. When the water temperature is high, the water is drained. When the temperature is above the set value, the drain solenoid valve is closed; when the water storage level in the evaporation water tank is higher than the overflow port, the excess waste water is discharged from the overflow.

Compared with the conventional sewage source heat pump system, the utility model not only realizes the heat recovery and utilization of domestic sewage, but also realizes the two processes of alternately freezing and melting ice on the heat exchange surface through the waste heat melting and deicing of domestic sewage, which reduces the The temperature of domestic sewage ensures the normal start-up and stable operation of the heat pump unit all year round. The device realizes the utilization of waste water coagulation heat, ensures that the heat provided by the low-level heat source meets the heat load demand of the user, and improves the heating efficiency of the heat pump. The utility model has a simple structure, is convenient for maintenance and repair, and can be widely used in domestic hot water supply. and heating areas.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing is the structural representation of the utility model.

In the figure: 1 compressor, 2 condensed water tank, 3 dry filter, 4 throttling device, 5 evaporating water tank, 6 gas-liquid separator, 7 evaporating water tank circulating pump, 8 condensed water tank circulating pump, 9 liquid level gauge, 10 user Heat utilization system, 11 water collector, 12 decontamination device, 13 tap water solenoid valve, 14 drain solenoid valve, 15 controller.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiment of the utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with technical scheme and accompanying drawing.

When realizing the utility model, the compressor 1, the condensed water tank 2, the drier filter 3, the throttling device 4, the evaporation water tank 5, and the gas-liquid separator 6 are connected in sequence, and its working principle is basically the same as that of a general water source heat pump; 13 is connected to the condensed water tank 2 through the tap water supply pipe; the drain solenoid valve is connected to the evaporated water tank 5 through the drain pipe 14; the user heat utilization system 10 is connected to the condensed water tank 2 through the pipeline; the water collector 11 and the decontamination device 12 It is connected with the evaporation water tank 5 in turn through pipelines; the suction port and outlet of the evaporation water tank circulation pump 7 are connected with the evaporation water tank 5 through pipelines, and the suction inlet and outlet of the condensation water tank circulation pump 8 are connected with the condensation water tank 2 through pipelines; Meter 9 is installed on the outer wall of condensed water tank 2, and its bottom position is higher than the water outlet that links to each other with user's heat utilization system 10. The heat exchange tube in the evaporating water tank 5 can be a smooth copper tube or a finned tube; the condensed water tank 2 can be a direct system as shown in accompanying drawing 1, and the inlet position of the tap water pipe of the condensed water tank 2 is higher than that of the liquid level gauge 9 tops. At the same time, the condensed water tank 2 can also be replaced by a condenser to form an indirect system.

The operating mode of the present utility model is: the controller 15 reads the indicated value of the liquid level gauge 9 of the condensed water tank 2 and compares it with the minimum liquid level setting value of the condensed water tank 2. When the indicated value is lower than the minimum liquid level set value, the tap water The solenoid valve 13 is opened to fill the condensed water tank 2 with water. When the indicated value reaches the maximum liquid level setting value of the condensed water tank 2, the tap water solenoid valve 13 is closed, the circulating pump 8 of the evaporating water tank and the circulating pump 9 of the condensed water tank are started, and then the heat pump unit is started. When the water temperature in the condensed water tank 2 reaches the temperature required by the user, the heat pump unit stops running, and then the circulating pump 8 of the evaporating water tank and the circulating pump 7 of the condensed water tank stop running; the user takes high-temperature hot water from the condensed water tank 2, and the hot water passes through The water collector 11 collects the waste water. After the waste water is physically decontaminated by the decontamination device 12, the waste water flows into the evaporation water tank for storage, and melts the solid ice outside the refrigerant heat exchange tube of the evaporation water tank 5. When the water temperature When the water discharge temperature is lower than the lower-line set value, the drain electromagnetic valve 14 is opened to drain water, and when the water temperature is higher than the upper-line set value of the water drain temperature, the drain electromagnetic valve 14 is closed; , excess waste water is discharged from the overflow.

Claims (2)

1. A solidification latent heat heat pump that recovers waste heat and melts, including a compressor (1), a condensed water tank (2), a dry filter (3), a throttling device (4), an evaporating water tank (5), and a gas-liquid separator (6), evaporating water tank circulation pump (7), condensate water tank circulation pump (8), liquid level gauge (9), user heat utilization system (10), water collector (11), decontamination device (12), tap water Solenoid valve (13), drain solenoid valve (14) and controller (15); it is characterized by compressor (1) exhaust port and condensed water tank (2) refrigerant side, dry filter (3), throttling device (4), the refrigerant side of the evaporating water tank (5), and the gas-liquid separator (6) are connected in sequence through pipelines to form a heat pump working medium circulation loop; the ice storage side of the evaporating water tank (5) is an open system, and the user's heat utilization system (10) The used wastewater is collected by the water collector (11), decontaminated by the decontamination device (12) and enters the evaporation water tank (5). ) of waste water with sensible heat and ice-melting, the ice-water mixture is discharged through the drain solenoid valve (14); the liquid level gauge (9) is installed on the outer wall of the condensed water tank (2), and its bottom position is higher than that of the user’s heat utilization system (10 ) connected outlet. 2. A recovery waste heat heat melting solidification latent heat heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the condensation side is a direct open system, and the inlet of the tap water pipe of the condensation water tank (2) is higher than that of the liquid level gauge (9). top. 3. The recovery waste heat heat melting solidification latent heat heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the condensed water tank (2) is replaced by a condenser, and the condenser is a plate heat exchanger or a shell and tube heat exchanger. 4. A recovery waste heat heat melting solidification latent heat heat pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heat exchange tubes in the condensate tank (2) are bare tubes or finned tubes. 5. A recovery waste heat heat melting solidification latent heat heat pump according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the heat exchange tubes in the evaporation water tank (5) are bare tubes or finned tubes. 6. A recovery waste heat heat melting solidification latent heat heat pump according to claim 4, characterized in that the heat exchange tubes in the evaporation water tank (5) are bare tubes or finned tubes. 7. According to claim 1, 2 or 6, a recovery waste heat heat melting solidification latent heat pump is characterized in that the stirring system of the evaporation water tank (5) is an external evaporation water tank circulation pump or a built-in stirrer; the condensate water tank ( 2) The mixing system is an external condensate tank circulation pump or a built-in agitator. 8. A recovery waste heat thermal melting solidification latent heat heat pump according to claim 3, characterized in that the stirring system of the evaporation water tank (5) is an external evaporation water tank circulating pump or a built-in stirrer. 9. A recovery waste heat heat melting solidification latent heat heat pump according to claim 4, characterized in that the stirring system of the evaporation water tank (5) is an external evaporation water tank circulation pump or a built-in stirrer; the stirring system of the condensate water tank (2) The system is an external condensate tank circulation pump or a built-in agitator. 10. A recovery waste heat heat melting solidification latent heat heat pump according to claim 5, characterized in that the stirring system of the evaporation water tank (5) is an external evaporation water tank circulation pump or a built-in stirrer; the stirring system of the condensate water tank (2) The system is an external condensate tank circulation pump or a built-in agitator.