CN204478115U - Waste Heat Recovery dedusting takes off haze device - Google Patents

Waste Heat Recovery dedusting takes off haze device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN204478115U
CN204478115U CN201420842556.0U CN201420842556U CN204478115U CN 204478115 U CN204478115 U CN 204478115U CN 201420842556 U CN201420842556 U CN 201420842556U CN 204478115 U CN204478115 U CN 204478115U
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outer cylinder
plate
cylinder body
inner barrel
flue gas
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莫逊
沈大伟
朱冬生
佘京鹏
李立鸿
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SHANTOU HUAXING METALLURGICAL EQUIPMENT CO Ltd
Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of CAS
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SHANTOU HUAXING METALLURGICAL EQUIPMENT CO Ltd
Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of CAS
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/32Direct CO2 mitigation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

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  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

本实用新型公开了一种废热回收除尘脱霾装置,包括SP换热管、上管板、下管板、内筒体、螺旋板和外筒体;内筒体设有烟气进口管口和内筒体烟气出口管口;下管板连接有带空气进口管口的下管箱,上管板连接有带空气出口管口的上管箱;螺旋板盘旋设置在内筒体的外壁,内筒体的上端与外筒体的上端通过封板及加强肋板连接在一起,外筒体的上段设有外筒体烟气出口管口,其下端连接有带除灰口的灰斗。本装置具有高效换热效率,可以延长设备的结构时间,能对烟气中的尘灰进行高效分离并除灰,有效降低CO2和NOX等的排放量,在同等工况下阻力损失比同类设备小,其体积也小,实现换热与除尘脱霾,降低烟气温度。

The utility model discloses a device for waste heat recovery, dust removal and haze removal, which comprises an SP heat exchange tube, an upper tube plate, a lower tube plate, an inner cylinder body, a spiral plate and an outer cylinder body; the inner cylinder body is provided with a flue gas inlet nozzle and The flue gas outlet nozzle of the inner cylinder; the lower tube plate is connected with the lower tube box with the air inlet nozzle, and the upper tube plate is connected with the upper tube box with the air outlet nozzle; the spiral plate is spirally arranged on the outer wall of the inner cylinder, The upper end of the inner cylinder and the upper end of the outer cylinder are connected together by a sealing plate and a reinforcing rib plate. The upper part of the outer cylinder is provided with a nozzle for the outlet of the outer cylinder, and the lower end is connected with an ash hopper with an ash removal port. The device has high heat exchange efficiency, can prolong the construction time of the equipment, can efficiently separate and remove the dust in the flue gas, effectively reduce the emissions of CO2 and NOX, etc., and has a lower resistance loss than similar equipment under the same working conditions. It is small, and its volume is also small, which can realize heat exchange, dust removal and haze removal, and reduce the flue gas temperature.

Description

废热回收除尘脱霾装置Waste heat recovery dust removal and haze removal device

技术领域 technical field

本实用新型涉及一种在电站锅炉、化工加热炉、生物质锅炉及工业窑炉的烟气余热回收的高效换热及除尘的装置,尤其是涉及一种在生物质锅炉的烟气含尘量大、含水量大的工艺条件下进行工作的废热回收除尘脱霾装置。 The utility model relates to a high-efficiency heat exchange and dust removal device for recovery of flue gas waste heat in power station boilers, chemical heating furnaces, biomass boilers and industrial kilns, in particular to a device for reducing the dust content of flue gas in biomass boilers. A waste heat recovery dust removal and haze removal device that works under the process conditions of high temperature and high water content.

背景技术 Background technique

随着社会的不断发展,人类对不可再生能源的依赖性越来越高,环境的污染也日益严重。为了缓解环境以及社会发展的压力,生物质锅炉越来越受到一些企业的青睐,它不仅解决了不可再生能源危机的影响,也缓解了环境的压力。生物质锅炉的燃料来源是利用秸秆、水稻秆、薪材、木屑、花生壳、瓜子壳、甜菜粕、树皮等所有废弃的农作物,经粉碎混合挤压烘干等工艺,最后制成颗粒状燃料,甚至有的企业把颗粒状燃料再进一步转化成可燃性气体再燃烧。这种燃料不仅来源广泛、清洁,又能解决了缓解污染的问题。为了节省投资成本,一些企业在锅炉尾部的换热面往往采用了常规结构,由于场地条件限制或者设计者经验问题,这种普通结构的换热面由于得不到合理的设计应用,换热效率低而导致体积庞大,耗材量大。生物质锅炉的烟气中含有大量的烟尘,并且由于燃料中的水分过高导致烟气中含有大量的水蒸汽,给锅炉尾部的普通换热面造成磨损、堵灰,使得换热管磨损漏风,或者引风机出力不畅,进一步造成排烟温度虚低,形成恶性循环而导致尾部换热面失效。 With the continuous development of society, human beings are increasingly dependent on non-renewable energy sources, and environmental pollution is also becoming more and more serious. In order to alleviate the pressure of the environment and social development, biomass boilers are more and more favored by some enterprises. It not only solves the impact of the non-renewable energy crisis, but also eases the pressure on the environment. The fuel source of the biomass boiler is to use all discarded crops such as straw, rice straw, fuelwood, wood chips, peanut shells, melon seed shells, beet pulp, bark, etc., and finally make granules through crushing, mixing, extrusion and drying processes. Granular fuel, and some companies even further convert granular fuel into combustible gas and then burn it. This kind of fuel not only has a wide range of sources and is clean, but also solves the problem of pollution mitigation. In order to save investment costs, some companies often use conventional structures for the heat transfer surface at the tail of the boiler. Due to the limitation of site conditions or the designer’s experience, the heat transfer surface of this common structure cannot be properly designed and applied, and the heat transfer efficiency Low lead to bulky, large amount of consumables. The flue gas of the biomass boiler contains a large amount of smoke and dust, and because the moisture in the fuel is too high, the flue gas contains a large amount of water vapor, which causes abrasion and dust blocking to the ordinary heat exchange surface at the tail of the boiler, causing the heat exchange tube to wear and leak air , or the induced draft fan output is not smooth, which further causes the exhaust gas temperature to be falsely low, forming a vicious circle and causing the tail heat exchange surface to fail.

为了避免这种情况的出现,锅炉不得不经常性停炉,打开尾部换热面进行清灰,或者维修、更换。这种经常性的维护不仅造成了企业维护费用的急剧增大的直接损失,而且由于企业停产造成了巨大间接损失。因此一种能够同时实现高效换热,又能够有效解决堵灰、磨损和除灰三大问题的设备是迫在眉睫的。 In order to avoid this situation, the boiler has to be shut down frequently, and the heat exchange surface at the tail is opened for dust cleaning, or repaired or replaced. This kind of regular maintenance not only caused the direct loss of a sharp increase in the maintenance cost of the enterprise, but also caused huge indirect losses due to the shutdown of the enterprise. Therefore, a kind of equipment that can realize high-efficiency heat exchange at the same time and can effectively solve the three major problems of ash blocking, wear and ash removal is imminent.

实用新型内容 Utility model content

本实用新型的目的是克服现有技术中的高效、堵灰、磨损和清灰等问 题,而提供一种废热回收除尘脱霾装置。 The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the problems of high efficiency, ash blocking, wear and ash removal in the prior art, and provide a waste heat recovery dust removal and haze removal device.

本实用新型是通过以下技术方案来实现的:废热回收除尘脱霾装置,垂直安装于锅炉的尾部烟道,包括SP换热管、上管板、下管板、内筒体、螺旋板和外筒体,SP换热管内置于内筒体内,SP换热管的上端与上管板连接,下端与下管板连接;内筒体的上端与上管板的外圆连接,下端与膨胀节连接后再与下管板的外圆连接,膨胀节位于SP换热管与内筒体之间;内筒体的上段设有烟气进口管口,烟气进口管口延伸至外筒体外,内筒体的下段设有置于外筒体内的内筒体烟气出口管口;下管板连接有下管箱,下管箱设有延伸至外筒体外的空气进口管口,上管板连接有上管箱,上管箱设有空气出口管口;所述上管板、下管板、SP换热管及内筒体组成换热单元;螺旋板盘旋设置在内筒体的外壁,内筒体的上端与外筒体的上端通过封板及加强肋板连接在一起,外筒体的上段设有外筒体烟气出口管口,其下端连接有带除灰口的灰斗;所述内筒体、螺旋板、灰斗、外筒体组成脱霾单元。 The utility model is realized through the following technical solutions: the waste heat recovery dust removal and haze removal device is installed vertically on the tail flue of the boiler, including SP heat exchange tubes, upper tube plates, lower tube plates, inner cylinders, spiral plates and outer tubes. Cylinder, SP heat exchange tube is built in the inner cylinder, the upper end of the SP heat exchange tube is connected with the upper tube plate, and the lower end is connected with the lower tube plate; the upper end of the inner cylinder is connected with the outer circle of the upper tube plate, and the lower end is connected with the expansion joint After the connection, it is connected with the outer circle of the lower tube plate. The expansion joint is located between the SP heat exchange tube and the inner cylinder; the upper part of the inner cylinder is provided with a flue gas inlet nozzle, and the flue gas inlet nozzle extends to the outside of the outer cylinder. The lower part of the inner cylinder is provided with an inner cylinder flue gas outlet nozzle placed in the outer cylinder; the lower tube plate is connected with the lower tube box, and the lower tube box is provided with an air inlet nozzle extending to the outer cylinder body, and the upper tube plate The upper tube box is connected, and the upper tube box is provided with an air outlet nozzle; the upper tube plate, the lower tube plate, the SP heat exchange tube and the inner cylinder form a heat exchange unit; the spiral plate is spirally arranged on the outer wall of the inner cylinder, The upper end of the inner cylinder and the upper end of the outer cylinder are connected together by a sealing plate and a reinforcing rib plate, the upper part of the outer cylinder is provided with a nozzle for the outlet of the outer cylinder, and the lower end is connected with an ash hopper with an ash removal port; The inner cylinder, spiral plate, ash hopper, and outer cylinder form a haze removal unit.

SP换热管与内筒体之间采用膨胀节,可解决两者之间的高温膨胀差问题;内筒体与外筒体之间通过封板及加强肋板连接在一起,可解决两者之间的高温膨胀差问题;烟气自上而下通入内筒体内,并由内筒体烟气出口管口进入内筒体与外筒体之间的通道,最终从外筒体上部的外筒体烟气出口管口处流出,而空气则从下而上由SP换热管向向上,并从空气出口管口流出装置外部。本装置换热单元与脱离单元形成三维变空间的布置方式,而三维变空间指的是由于换热管的特殊形状使得管外的流道是横向多通道,纵向全空间,形成不同截面的管外三维空间不断改变,流体流动无死角,三维变空间的布置可使得装置把传统的碰撞流变为摩擦流,优化了烟气侧的流场,使流场更加合理均匀,在实现全逆流换热的同时又能解决了烟气对SP换热管的磨损,降低阻力损失。在同样的阻力损失下,可以大大提高流体流速,又从工艺手段上进一步提高了换热管的换热效率。螺旋板盘旋设置在内筒体的外壁,使得烟气能够沿着它的方向流动,利用离心力的原理,每旋转一周就把重的烟尘颗粒甩到外筒体的内壁面,受到重力作用的烟尘颗粒顺着外筒体的壁面或螺旋板集中掉落在灰斗,再经除尘口出去。脱霾单元的设置,使得烟气产生了剧烈的紊流,破坏了烟气靠近壁面的边界层流厚度,从换热机理上提高了换热管的换热效率,同时减少了换热管表面结垢的可能性。 Expansion joints are used between the SP heat exchange tube and the inner cylinder, which can solve the problem of high temperature expansion difference between the two; The problem of high temperature expansion difference between them; the flue gas flows into the inner cylinder from top to bottom, and enters the channel between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder through the flue gas outlet nozzle of the inner cylinder, and finally flows from the outer cylinder on the upper part of the outer cylinder. The flue gas outlet nozzle of the cylinder flows out, while the air flows upward from the SP heat exchange tube from bottom to top, and flows out of the device from the air outlet nozzle. The heat exchange unit and the detachment unit of the device form a three-dimensional variable space arrangement, and the three-dimensional variable space refers to the fact that due to the special shape of the heat exchange tube, the flow channel outside the tube is horizontal and multi-channel, and the vertical space is full, forming tubes with different cross-sections. The outer three-dimensional space is constantly changing, and the fluid flow has no dead angle. The layout of the three-dimensional variable space can make the device change the traditional collision flow into friction flow, optimize the flow field on the flue gas side, and make the flow field more reasonable and uniform. At the same time, it can solve the wear of the flue gas on the SP heat exchange tube and reduce the resistance loss. Under the same resistance loss, the fluid flow rate can be greatly increased, and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange tube is further improved from the technical means. The spiral plate is spirally arranged on the outer wall of the inner cylinder, so that the smoke can flow along its direction. Using the principle of centrifugal force, the heavy smoke particles are thrown to the inner wall of the outer cylinder every time it rotates, and the smoke and dust under the action of gravity The particles fall down into the ash hopper along the wall of the outer cylinder or the spiral plate, and then go out through the dust removal port. The setting of the haze removal unit makes the flue gas produce severe turbulence, which destroys the thickness of the boundary laminar flow of the flue gas near the wall, improves the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchange tube from the heat exchange mechanism, and reduces the surface area of the heat exchange tube at the same time. Possibility of fouling.

所述烟气进口管口与内筒体相切。烟气进口管口与内筒体相切,可保证了烟气进入内筒体局部阻力小。 The flue gas inlet nozzle is tangent to the inner cylinder. The flue gas inlet nozzle is tangent to the inner cylinder body, which can ensure that the local resistance of the flue gas entering the inner cylinder body is small.

所述内筒体烟气出口管口设有第一导流板、第一上导流板、第一下导流板,第一导流板、第一上导流板、第一下导流板与内筒体构成导流腔体,第一导流板与内筒体相切。第一导流板、第一上导流板、第一下导流板的设置,可保证烟气从内筒体出来后能沿着内筒体外壁形成旋流。 The flue gas outlet nozzle of the inner cylinder is provided with a first deflector, a first upper deflector, a first lower deflector, a first deflector, a first upper deflector, a first lower deflector The plate and the inner cylinder form a diversion cavity, and the first deflector is tangent to the inner cylinder. The arrangement of the first deflector, the first upper deflector and the first lower deflector can ensure that the flue gas can form a swirling flow along the outer wall of the inner cylinder after coming out of the inner cylinder.

所述外筒体烟气出口管口设有第二导流板、第二上导流板、第二下导流板,第二导流板、第二上导流板、第二下导流板与外筒体构成导流腔体,第二导流板与外筒体相切,第二下导流板与螺旋板的最上端相切。第二导流板、第二上导流板、第二下导流板的设置,可使得烟气顺利流出设备而不会产生太大的局部阻力。 The flue gas outlet nozzle of the outer cylinder is provided with a second deflector, a second upper deflector, a second lower deflector, a second deflector, a second upper deflector, a second lower deflector The plate and the outer cylinder form a diversion cavity, the second deflector is tangent to the outer cylinder, and the second lower deflector is tangent to the uppermost end of the spiral plate. The arrangement of the second deflector, the second upper deflector, and the second lower deflector can make the smoke flow out of the equipment smoothly without generating too much local resistance.

所述外筒体外壁的设置有耳式支座,耳式支座卡设在所述锅炉尾部烟道内。耳式支座用于将本装置稳固安装在锅炉尾部烟道内。 The outer wall of the outer cylinder is provided with an ear-type support, and the ear-type support is clamped in the flue at the tail of the boiler. The lug mounts are used to securely install the device in the tail flue of the boiler.

烟气通过烟气进口管口沿切线方向进入内筒体,烟气走SP换热管外与从空气进口管口进来的空气进行全逆流热交换。放热后的烟气从内筒体烟气出口管口沿切线进入外筒体与内筒体之间的环隙,由于含有比较大的烟尘,因此为了除掉烟气中的烟尘,内筒体外壁设置的螺旋板处于环隙中,使得烟气能够沿着它的方向流动。利用离心力的原理每旋转一圈就把重的烟尘颗粒甩到外筒体的内壁面,受到重力作用的烟尘颗粒顺着外筒体的壁面或者螺旋板集中掉落在灰斗,再经过除灰口出去。当烟气到达外筒体烟气出口管口时,烟气中的烟气已经干净。而走SP换热管内的冷空气经过吸热后经过上管箱直接从空气出口管口1出去。 The flue gas enters the inner cylinder along the tangential direction through the flue gas inlet nozzle, and the flue gas goes out of the SP heat exchange tube to perform full countercurrent heat exchange with the air coming in from the air inlet nozzle. The exothermic flue gas enters the annular gap between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder along the tangent from the flue gas outlet nozzle of the inner cylinder. Since it contains relatively large smoke and dust, in order to remove the smoke and dust in the flue gas, the inner cylinder The spiral plate arranged on the outer wall is in the annular space, so that the smoke can flow along its direction. Using the principle of centrifugal force, the heavy soot particles are thrown to the inner wall of the outer cylinder every time it rotates, and the soot particles under the action of gravity fall along the wall of the outer cylinder or the spiral plate and fall into the ash hopper, and then go through the ash removal process. Mouth out. When the flue gas reaches the flue gas outlet nozzle of the outer cylinder, the flue gas in the flue gas is already clean. And the cold air in the SP heat exchange tube goes out directly from the air outlet nozzle 1 through the upper tube box after absorbing heat.

本实用新型的优点是: The utility model has the advantages of:

1、提高热回收效率20-40%,降低排烟温度40-70℃; 1. Improve heat recovery efficiency by 20-40%, reduce exhaust gas temperature by 40-70°C;

2、具有除尘减霾装置,增强除尘能力30-40%,并且消除局部高温区,有效降低CO2和NOX等的排放量,节能环保; 2. It has a dust removal and haze reduction device, which can enhance the dust removal capacity by 30-40%, and eliminate local high temperature areas, effectively reducing CO2 and NOX emissions, energy saving and environmental protection;

3、同等工况下阻力损失比同类设备小30-70%; 3. Under the same working conditions, the resistance loss is 30-70% smaller than that of similar equipment;

4、同等工况下体积比同类设备小30-70%; 4. Under the same working conditions, the volume is 30-70% smaller than similar equipment;

本装置与其他余热回收装置最大的不同点是:它不仅具有了高效换热能力,而且最重要的是它具有了延长设备的结垢时间,并且对烟气中的尘灰进行高效 分离,再通过特殊结构进行有效除灰,使得经过该装置的烟气的含尘量大大减小。废热回收装置具有脱霾的特点是利用三维变空间变流场设计减少体积而多出来的空间巧妙融入除尘减霾结构,实现了换热与除尘脱霾有效结合目的。废热回收除尘脱霾装置不仅直接解决了设备磨损、堵灰和除霾的问题,并且间接解决了设备日常的更换、维修、维护的费用。提高了企业的效益,达到国际先进水平,实现综合节能10-25%,有效降低CO2和NOX等的排放量,节能环保。提升电站锅炉、工业锅炉等节能减排创新能力,完善低温烟气高效回收除尘减霾的技术措施,降低锅炉烟气排烟温度,提升锅炉节能效率,减少灰尘排放,改善各行业工业锅炉生产环境。 The biggest difference between this device and other waste heat recovery devices is that it not only has high-efficiency heat exchange capacity, but most importantly, it has the ability to prolong the fouling time of the equipment, and to efficiently separate the dust in the flue gas, and then Effective ash removal is carried out through a special structure, so that the dust content of the flue gas passing through the device is greatly reduced. The waste heat recovery device has the characteristics of haze removal. It uses the three-dimensional variable space and variable flow field design to reduce the volume and the extra space is cleverly integrated into the dust removal and haze reduction structure, realizing the effective combination of heat exchange and dust removal and haze removal. The waste heat recovery dust removal and haze removal device not only directly solves the problems of equipment wear, dust blocking and haze removal, but also indirectly solves the cost of daily replacement, repair and maintenance of equipment. Improve the efficiency of the enterprise, reach the international advanced level, realize comprehensive energy saving of 10-25%, effectively reduce the emission of CO2 and NOX, etc., energy saving and environmental protection. Improve energy-saving and emission-reduction innovation capabilities of power plant boilers and industrial boilers, improve technical measures for efficient recovery of low-temperature flue gas, dust removal and haze reduction, reduce boiler flue gas exhaust temperature, improve boiler energy-saving efficiency, reduce dust emissions, and improve the production environment of industrial boilers in various industries .

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1为本实用新型实施例的结构示意图; Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model embodiment;

图2为图1的俯视图; Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;

图3为本实用新型实施例中外筒体烟气出口管口的局部示意图; Fig. 3 is a partial schematic view of the flue gas outlet nozzle of the outer cylinder in the embodiment of the utility model;

图4为图3的A向示意图; Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of direction A of Fig. 3;

图5为本实用新型实施例中内筒体烟气出口管口的局部示意图; Fig. 5 is a partial schematic diagram of the flue gas outlet nozzle of the inner cylinder in the embodiment of the utility model;

图6为图5的B向示意图; Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram in direction B of Fig. 5;

图7为本实用新型实施例中烟气进口管口的局部示意图; Fig. 7 is a partial schematic diagram of the flue gas inlet nozzle in the embodiment of the utility model;

图8为图1中螺旋板的结构示意图。 Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the spiral plate in Fig. 1 .

图中附图标记含义:1、空气出口管口;2、上管箱;3、上管板;4、内筒体;5、内筒体烟气出口管口;6、膨胀节;7、下管箱;8、除灰口;9、外筒体烟气出口管口;10、加强肋板;11、烟气进口管口;12、封板;13、外筒体;14、SP换热管;15、螺旋板;16、耳式支座;17、下管板;18、空气进口管口;19、灰斗,20、第一导流板;21、第一上导流板;22、第一下导流板;23、第二导流板;24、第二上导流板;25、第二下导流板;α、倾角;L、螺距;h、螺高。 Meanings of reference signs in the figure: 1. Air outlet nozzle; 2. Upper tube box; 3. Upper tube plate; 4. Inner cylinder; 5. Inner cylinder flue gas outlet nozzle; Lower pipe box; 8. Ash removal port; 9. Outer cylinder flue gas outlet nozzle; 10. Reinforcing ribs; 11. Flue gas inlet nozzle; 12. Sealing plate; 13. Outer cylinder body; 14. SP replacement Heat pipe; 15, spiral plate; 16, ear support; 17, lower tube plate; 18, air inlet nozzle; 19, ash bucket, 20, first deflector; 21, first upper deflector; 22, the first lower deflector; 23, the second deflector; 24, the second upper deflector; 25, the second lower deflector; α, inclination angle; L, pitch; h, screw height.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本实用新型的内容做进一步详细说明。 The content of the present utility model will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

实施例 Example

参阅图1及图2,为一种废热回收除尘脱霾装置,垂直安装于锅炉的尾部烟道,包括SP换热管14、上管板3、下管板17、内筒体4、螺旋板15和外筒体13,SP换热管14内置于内筒体4内,SP换热管14的上端与上管板3连接,下端与下管板17连接;内筒体4的上端与上管板3的外圆连接,下端与膨胀节6连接后再与下管板17的外圆连接,膨胀节6位于SP换热管14与内筒体4之间;内筒体4的上段设有烟气进口管口11,烟气进口管口11延伸至外筒体13外,内筒体4的下段设有置于外筒体13内的内筒体烟气出口管口5;下管板17连接有下管箱7,下管箱7设有延伸至外筒体13外的空气进口管口18,上管板3连接有上管箱2,上管箱2设有空气出口管口1;上管板3、下管板17、SP换热管14及内筒体4组成换热单元;螺旋板15盘旋设置在内筒体4的外壁,内筒体4的上端与外筒体13的上端通过封板12及加强肋板10连接在一起,外筒体13的上段设有外筒体烟气出口管口9,其下端连接有带除灰口8的灰斗19;内筒体4、螺旋板15、灰斗19、外筒体13组成脱霾单元。 Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2, it is a waste heat recovery dust removal and haze removal device, which is installed vertically in the tail flue of the boiler, including SP heat exchange tube 14, upper tube plate 3, lower tube plate 17, inner cylinder 4, and spiral plate 15 and the outer cylinder 13, the SP heat exchange tube 14 is built in the inner cylinder 4, the upper end of the SP heat exchange tube 14 is connected with the upper tube plate 3, and the lower end is connected with the lower tube plate 17; the upper end of the inner cylinder 4 is connected with the upper The outer circle of the tube plate 3 is connected, the lower end is connected with the expansion joint 6 and then connected with the outer circle of the lower tube plate 17, the expansion joint 6 is located between the SP heat exchange tube 14 and the inner cylinder 4; the upper section of the inner cylinder 4 is set There is a flue gas inlet nozzle 11, and the flue gas inlet nozzle 11 extends to the outside of the outer cylinder 13, and the lower section of the inner cylinder 4 is provided with an inner cylinder flue gas outlet nozzle 5 placed in the outer cylinder 13; the lower pipe The plate 17 is connected with the lower tube box 7, the lower tube box 7 is provided with an air inlet nozzle 18 extending outside the outer cylinder body 13, the upper tube plate 3 is connected with the upper tube box 2, and the upper tube box 2 is provided with an air outlet nozzle 1. The upper tube plate 3, the lower tube plate 17, the SP heat exchange tube 14 and the inner cylinder 4 form a heat exchange unit; the spiral plate 15 is spirally arranged on the outer wall of the inner cylinder 4, and the upper end of the inner cylinder 4 and the outer cylinder The upper end of 13 is connected together by the sealing plate 12 and the reinforcing rib 10, the upper section of the outer cylinder 13 is provided with the outer cylinder flue gas outlet nozzle 9, and the lower end is connected with the ash hopper 19 with the ash removal port 8; the inner cylinder Body 4, spiral plate 15, ash hopper 19, and outer cylinder 13 form a haze removal unit.

SP换热管14,指的是形状特别的和具有螺旋状的换热管,英文全称为:special spiral。该换热管是根据不同工艺场所需要,通过特制专用机器平台把普通光管加工而成截面为各种形状的变形管,并且加工成的截面形状沿着轴线方向始终保持不变。也称之为异形管。 SP heat exchange tube 14 refers to a heat exchange tube with a special shape and a spiral shape, and its full name in English is: special spiral. The heat exchange tubes are deformed tubes with various cross-sections by processing ordinary plain tubes into deformed tubes with various shapes according to the needs of different process places, and the processed cross-sectional shapes remain unchanged along the axial direction. Also called shaped tube.

SP换热管14与内筒体4之间采用膨胀节6,可解决两者之间的高温膨胀差问题;内筒体4与外筒体13之间通过封板12及加强肋板10连接在一起,可解决两者之间的高温膨胀差问题;烟气自上而下通入内筒体4内,并由内筒体烟气出口管口5进入内筒体4与外筒体13之间的通道,最终从外筒体13上部的外筒体烟气出口管口9处流出,而空气则从下而上由SP换热管14向向上,并从空气出口管口1流出装置外部。SP换热管14为若干根换热管形成的管束,空气在管束内流动,管束外为烟气的逆向流动。本装置换热单元与脱离单元形成三维变空间的布置方式,而三维变空间指的是由于换热管的特殊形状使得管外的流道是横向多通道,纵向全空间,形成不同截面的管外三维空间不断改变,流体流动无死角,三维变空间的布置可使得装置把传统的碰撞流变为摩擦流,优化了烟气侧的流场,使流场更加合理均匀,在实现全逆流换热的同时又能解决了烟气对SP换热管14的磨损,降低阻力损失。在同样的阻力损失下,可以大大提高流体流速,又从工艺手段上进一步提高了换热管的换热效率。螺旋板 15盘旋设置在内筒体4的外壁,使得烟气能够沿着它的方向流动,利用离心力的原理,每旋转一周就把重的烟尘颗粒甩到外筒体13的内壁面,受到重力作用的烟尘颗粒顺着外筒体13的壁面或螺旋板15集中掉落在灰斗19,再经除尘口出去。脱霾单元的设置,使得烟气产生了剧烈的紊流,破坏了烟气靠近壁面的边界层流厚度,从换热机理上提高了换热管的换热效率,同时减少了换热管表面结垢的可能性。 The expansion joint 6 is used between the SP heat exchange tube 14 and the inner cylinder 4, which can solve the problem of high temperature expansion difference between the two; the inner cylinder 4 and the outer cylinder 13 are connected by a sealing plate 12 and a reinforcing rib 10 Together, the problem of high temperature expansion difference between the two can be solved; the flue gas passes into the inner cylinder 4 from top to bottom, and enters the gap between the inner cylinder 4 and the outer cylinder 13 through the flue gas outlet nozzle 5 of the inner cylinder The channel between them finally flows out from the outer cylinder flue gas outlet nozzle 9 on the upper part of the outer cylinder 13, while the air flows upward from the SP heat exchange tube 14 from bottom to top, and flows out of the device from the air outlet nozzle 1 . The SP heat exchange tube 14 is a tube bundle formed by several heat exchange tubes, the air flows inside the tube bundle, and the flue gas flows in reverse direction outside the tube bundle. The heat exchange unit and the detachment unit of the device form a three-dimensional variable space arrangement, and the three-dimensional variable space refers to the fact that due to the special shape of the heat exchange tube, the flow channel outside the tube is horizontal and multi-channel, and the vertical space is full, forming tubes with different cross-sections. The outer three-dimensional space is constantly changing, and the fluid flow has no dead angle. The layout of the three-dimensional variable space can make the device change the traditional collision flow into friction flow, optimize the flow field on the flue gas side, and make the flow field more reasonable and uniform. At the same time, it can solve the wear of the flue gas on the SP heat exchange tube 14 and reduce the resistance loss. Under the same resistance loss, the fluid flow rate can be greatly increased, and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange tube is further improved from the technical means. The spiral plate 15 is spirally arranged on the outer wall of the inner cylinder 4, so that the smoke can flow along its direction. Using the principle of centrifugal force, the heavy smoke particles are thrown to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 13 every time it rotates once. The dust particles that act along the wall surface of the outer cylinder 13 or the spiral plate 15 concentrate and fall into the ash hopper 19, and then go out through the dust removal port. The setting of the haze removal unit makes the flue gas produce severe turbulence, which destroys the thickness of the boundary laminar flow of the flue gas near the wall, improves the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchange tube from the heat exchange mechanism, and reduces the surface area of the heat exchange tube at the same time. Possibility of fouling.

参阅图7,烟气进口管口11与内筒体4相切。烟气进口管口11与内筒体4相切,可保证了烟气进入内筒体4局部阻力小。 Referring to FIG. 7 , the flue gas inlet nozzle 11 is tangent to the inner cylinder 4 . The flue gas inlet nozzle 11 is tangent to the inner cylinder body 4, which can ensure that the local resistance of the flue gas entering the inner cylinder body 4 is small.

参阅图5及图6,内筒体烟气出口管口5设有第一导流板20、第一上导流板21、第一下导流板22,第一导流板20、第一上导流板21、第一下导流板22与内筒体4构成导流腔体,第一导流板20与内筒体4相切。第一导流板20、第一上导流板21、第一下导流板22的设置,可保证烟气从内筒体4出来后能沿着内筒体4外壁形成旋流。 Referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6, the flue gas outlet nozzle 5 of the inner cylinder is provided with a first deflector 20, a first upper deflector 21, a first lower deflector 22, a first deflector 20, a first The upper deflector 21 , the first lower deflector 22 and the inner cylinder 4 form a deflector cavity, and the first deflector 20 is tangent to the inner cylinder 4 . The arrangement of the first deflector 20 , the first upper deflector 21 and the first lower deflector 22 can ensure that the flue gas can form a swirling flow along the outer wall of the inner cylinder 4 after coming out of the inner cylinder 4 .

参阅图3及图4,外筒体烟气出口管口9设有第二导流板23、第二上导流板24、第二下导流板25,第二导流板23、第二上导流板24、第二下导流板25与外筒体13构成导流腔体,第二导流板23与外筒体13相切,第二下导流板25与螺旋板15的最上端相切。二导流板、第二上导流板24、第二下导流板25的设置,可使得烟气顺利流出设备而不会产生太大的局部阻力。 Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the flue gas outlet nozzle 9 of the outer cylinder is provided with a second deflector 23, a second upper deflector 24, a second lower deflector 25, a second deflector 23, a second The upper deflector 24, the second lower deflector 25 and the outer cylinder 13 form a deflector cavity, the second deflector 23 is tangent to the outer cylinder 13, the second lower deflector 25 and the spiral plate 15 Tangent to the top. The arrangement of the two deflectors, the second upper deflector 24 and the second lower deflector 25 can make the flue gas flow out of the equipment smoothly without generating too much local resistance.

参阅图1及图2,外筒体13外壁的设置有耳式支座16,耳式支座16卡设在锅炉尾部烟道内。耳式支座16用于将本装置稳固安装在锅炉尾部烟道内。 Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the outer wall of the outer cylinder 13 is provided with an ear-type support 16, and the ear-type support 16 is clamped in the flue at the tail of the boiler. The ear-type support 16 is used for firmly installing the device in the tail flue of the boiler.

参阅图8,螺旋板15的特性尺寸:螺距L、螺高h与倾角α,均可以根据烟气不同的特性进行调整或更换至最适合参数,所谓的“调整或更换”是指的在设计之前根据不同的烟气特性进行结构参数调整,而不是设计好之后随意调整。 Referring to Figure 8, the characteristic dimensions of the spiral plate 15: the pitch L, the height h and the inclination α can all be adjusted or replaced to the most suitable parameters according to different characteristics of the flue gas. The so-called "adjustment or replacement" refers to the Previously, structural parameters were adjusted according to different flue gas characteristics, rather than random adjustments after design.

本装置中螺旋板15的特性尺寸的调整为SP换热管14的变形量,其调整可控制冷热流场空间,实现产品系统的管/筒程内外空间可控,通过换热管在一定的螺距L内最大变产生径凸点相接触,形成自支撑,替代了传统的折流支撑板,减少管束的震动,并且减掉采用折流板所产生的耗材量,使得冷热工艺流体(即空气与烟气流体)产生剧烈的紊流,破坏了烟气流体靠近壁面的边界层流厚度,提高了换热效率,减少了结垢的可能性。 In this device, the adjustment of the characteristic size of the spiral plate 15 is the deformation of the SP heat exchange tube 14. The adjustment can control the space of the cold and hot flow field, and realize the controllable inner and outer space of the tube/cylinder side of the product system. The maximum variable diameter bumps within the pitch L are in contact with each other to form a self-support, which replaces the traditional baffle support plate, reduces the vibration of the tube bundle, and reduces the amount of consumables produced by using the baffle, making the hot and cold process fluid ( That is, the air and the flue gas fluid) produce severe turbulence, which destroys the thickness of the boundary laminar flow of the flue gas fluid near the wall, improves the heat exchange efficiency, and reduces the possibility of fouling.

本实用新型的余热利用和脱霾流程如下: The waste heat utilization and haze removal process of the utility model are as follows:

参阅图1及图2,空心箭头为空气的流向,实心箭头为烟气的流向。烟气通过内筒体烟气进口管口11沿切线方向进入内筒体4,烟气走SP换热管14外与从空气进口管口18进来的空气进行全逆流热交换。放热后的烟气从内筒体烟气出口管口5沿切线进入外筒体13与内筒体4之间的环隙,由于含有比较大的烟尘,因此为了除掉烟气中的烟尘,内筒体4外壁设置的螺旋板15处于环隙中,使得烟气能够沿着它的方向流动。根据烟气不同的特性可以调整螺旋板15的螺距L、螺高h、倾角α,螺旋板15最外圈高度与外筒体13之间保持有一定距离,利用离心力的原理每旋转一圈就把重的烟尘颗粒甩到外筒体13的内壁面,受到重力作用的烟尘颗粒顺着外筒体13的壁面或者螺旋板15集中掉落在灰斗19,再经过除灰口8出去。当烟气到达外筒体烟气出口管口9时,烟气中的烟气已经干净。而走SP换热管14内的冷空气经过吸热后经过上管箱2直接从空气出口管口1出去。 Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2, the hollow arrows indicate the flow direction of the air, and the solid arrows indicate the flow direction of the flue gas. The flue gas enters the inner cylinder 4 along the tangential direction through the flue gas inlet nozzle 11 of the inner cylinder body, and the flue gas goes out of the SP heat exchange tube 14 to perform full countercurrent heat exchange with the air coming in from the air inlet nozzle 18 . The exothermic flue gas enters the annular gap between the outer cylinder 13 and the inner cylinder 4 along the tangent from the flue gas outlet nozzle 5 of the inner cylinder. Since it contains relatively large smoke and dust, in order to remove the smoke and dust in the flue gas , the spiral plate 15 provided on the outer wall of the inner cylinder 4 is in the annular gap, so that the smoke can flow along its direction. According to the different characteristics of the flue gas, the pitch L, screw height h, and inclination α of the spiral plate 15 can be adjusted. There is a certain distance between the height of the outermost ring of the spiral plate 15 and the outer cylinder 13. The principle of centrifugal force is used for each rotation. The heavy dust particles are thrown to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 13, and the dust particles subjected to gravity fall along the wall of the outer cylinder 13 or the spiral plate 15 and fall into the ash hopper 19, and then go out through the ash removal port 8. When the flue gas reaches the flue gas outlet nozzle 9 of the outer cylinder, the flue gas in the flue gas is already clean. And the cold air in the SP heat exchange tube 14 passes through the upper tube box 2 after absorbing heat and goes out directly from the air outlet nozzle 1 .

本实用新型的优点是: The utility model has the advantages of:

1、提高热回收效率20-40%,降低排烟温度40-70℃,普通设备的回收效率只能达到10-20%,排烟温度只能降到150℃; 1. Increase the heat recovery efficiency by 20-40%, reduce the exhaust gas temperature by 40-70℃, the recovery efficiency of ordinary equipment can only reach 10-20%, and the exhaust gas temperature can only be reduced to 150℃;

2、具有除尘减霾装置,增强除尘能力30-40%,并且消除局部高温区,有效降低CO2和NOX等的排放量,节能环保。市场上现有的换热设备不具有该功能; 2. It has a dust removal and haze reduction device, which increases the dust removal capacity by 30-40%, and eliminates local high temperature areas, effectively reducing CO2 and NOX emissions, energy saving and environmental protection. Existing heat exchange equipment on the market does not have this function;

3、同等工况下阻力损失比同类设备小30-70%,如市场现有设备的阻力位300-500Pa,本实用新型设备只有150-210Pa; 3. Under the same working conditions, the resistance loss is 30-70% smaller than that of similar equipment. For example, the resistance level of existing equipment in the market is 300-500Pa, and the equipment of this utility model is only 150-210Pa;

4、同等工况下体积比同类设备小30-70%,如市场现有设备的体积为60-150m3,本实用新型设备只有27-45m3 4. Under the same working conditions, the volume is 30-70% smaller than that of similar equipment. For example, the volume of existing equipment in the market is 60-150m 3 , but the equipment of this utility model is only 27-45m 3

上列详细说明是针对本实用新型可行实施例的具体说明,该实施例并非用以限制本实用新型的专利范围,凡未脱离本实用新型所为的等效实施或变更,均应包含于本案的专利范围中。 The above detailed description is a specific description of the feasible embodiment of the utility model. This embodiment is not used to limit the patent scope of the utility model. Any equivalent implementation or change that does not deviate from the utility model shall be included in this case within the scope of the patent.

Claims (5)

1. Waste Heat Recovery dedusting takes off haze device, be installed vertically on the back-end ductwork of boiler, comprise SP heat exchanger tube (14), upper perforated plate (3), lower perforated plate (17), inner barrel (4), spiral plate (15) and outer cylinder body (13), it is characterized in that: SP heat exchanger tube (14) is built in inner barrel (4), the upper end of SP heat exchanger tube (14) is connected with upper perforated plate (3), and lower end is connected with lower perforated plate (17); The upper end of inner barrel (4) is connected with the cylindrical of upper perforated plate (3), lower end is connected with the cylindrical of lower perforated plate (17) after being connected with expansion joint (6) again, and expansion joint (6) is positioned between SP heat exchanger tube (14) and inner barrel (4); The epimere of inner barrel (4) is provided with the gas approach mouth of pipe (11), the gas approach mouth of pipe (11) extends to outer cylinder body (13) outward, and the hypomere of inner barrel (4) is provided with the inner barrel exhanst gas outlet mouth of pipe (5) be placed in outer cylinder body (13); Lower perforated plate (17) is connected with lower tube box (7), lower tube box (7) is provided with and extends to outer cylinder body (13) the air intlet mouth of pipe (18) outward, upper perforated plate (3) is connected with upper tube box (2), and upper tube box (2) is provided with the air outlet slit mouth of pipe (1); Described upper perforated plate (3), lower perforated plate (17), SP heat exchanger tube (14) and inner barrel (4) composition heat exchange unit; Spiral plate (15) spirals and is arranged on the outer wall of inner barrel (4), the upper end of inner barrel (4) and the upper end of outer cylinder body (13) are linked together by shrouding (12) and deep floor (10), the epimere of outer cylinder body (13) is provided with the outer cylinder body exhanst gas outlet mouth of pipe (9), and its lower end is connected with the ash bucket (19) of band ash disposal mouth (8); The de-haze unit of described inner barrel (4), spiral plate (15), ash bucket (19), outer cylinder body (13) composition.
2. Waste Heat Recovery dedusting according to claim 1 takes off haze device, it is characterized in that: the described gas approach mouth of pipe (11) is tangent with inner barrel (4).
3. Waste Heat Recovery dedusting according to claim 1 takes off haze device, it is characterized in that: the described inner barrel exhanst gas outlet mouth of pipe (5) is provided with the first deflector (20), the first baffle upper plate (21), the first chin spoiler (22), first deflector (20), the first baffle upper plate (21), the first chin spoiler (22) and inner barrel (4) form water conservancy diversion cavity, and the first deflector (20) is tangent with inner barrel (4).
4. Waste Heat Recovery dedusting according to claim 1 takes off haze device, it is characterized in that: the described outer cylinder body exhanst gas outlet mouth of pipe (9) is provided with the second deflector (23), the second baffle upper plate (24), the second chin spoiler (25), second deflector (23), the second baffle upper plate (24), the second chin spoiler (25), water conservancy diversion cavity is formed with outer cylinder body (13), second deflector (23) is tangent with outer cylinder body (13), and the second chin spoiler (25) is tangent with the top of spiral plate (15).
5. Waste Heat Recovery dedusting according to claim 1 takes off haze device, it is characterized in that: described outer cylinder body (13) outer wall be provided with hanging support (16), hanging support (16) is fastened in described boiler back end ductwork.
CN201420842556.0U 2014-12-25 2014-12-25 Waste Heat Recovery dedusting takes off haze device Withdrawn - After Issue CN204478115U (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105783013A (en) * 2014-12-25 2016-07-20 中国科学院广州能源研究所 Efficient dehaze waste heat recovery energy-saving emission reduction device
CN106352364A (en) * 2016-10-18 2017-01-25 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Integrated method and integrated device for catalytic cracking, flue gas incineration and heat exchange separation
CN108534562A (en) * 2018-03-21 2018-09-14 安徽骏马化工科技股份有限公司 Red lead oxidation furnace residual-heat utilization method
CN108759489A (en) * 2018-03-21 2018-11-06 安徽骏马化工科技股份有限公司 Red lead oxidation furnace residual heat using device
CN115654529A (en) * 2022-10-27 2023-01-31 中石化南京工程有限公司 Heat energy recovery device for high-temperature flue gas desalting and dedusting
CN119802571A (en) * 2025-02-24 2025-04-11 山东北方绿科环境科技有限公司 Furnace of an energy-saving steam boiler using biomass as fuel

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105783013A (en) * 2014-12-25 2016-07-20 中国科学院广州能源研究所 Efficient dehaze waste heat recovery energy-saving emission reduction device
CN105783013B (en) * 2014-12-25 2017-12-19 中国科学院广州能源研究所 Efficiently de- haze Waste Heat Recovery energy-saving emission-reducing apparatus
CN106352364A (en) * 2016-10-18 2017-01-25 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Integrated method and integrated device for catalytic cracking, flue gas incineration and heat exchange separation
CN108534562A (en) * 2018-03-21 2018-09-14 安徽骏马化工科技股份有限公司 Red lead oxidation furnace residual-heat utilization method
CN108759489A (en) * 2018-03-21 2018-11-06 安徽骏马化工科技股份有限公司 Red lead oxidation furnace residual heat using device
CN108759489B (en) * 2018-03-21 2019-11-12 安徽徽能化工科技有限公司 Red lead oxidation furnace waste heat utilization device
CN108534562B (en) * 2018-03-21 2019-11-15 安徽徽能化工科技有限公司 Utilization method of waste heat in red lead oxidation furnace
CN115654529A (en) * 2022-10-27 2023-01-31 中石化南京工程有限公司 Heat energy recovery device for high-temperature flue gas desalting and dedusting
CN119802571A (en) * 2025-02-24 2025-04-11 山东北方绿科环境科技有限公司 Furnace of an energy-saving steam boiler using biomass as fuel

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