CN204418481U - A kind of crystallite foaming walling unit utilizing tailings to produce - Google Patents
A kind of crystallite foaming walling unit utilizing tailings to produce Download PDFInfo
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- CN204418481U CN204418481U CN201420832174.XU CN201420832174U CN204418481U CN 204418481 U CN204418481 U CN 204418481U CN 201420832174 U CN201420832174 U CN 201420832174U CN 204418481 U CN204418481 U CN 204418481U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of crystallite foaming walling unit utilizing tailings to produce.Key is the low-density foamed matrix of tailings crystallite be made up of tailings crystallite compound material high temperature, and on low-density foamed matrix, sintering has a high density decorative layer.The utility model has many advantages performance, and tool has been widely used.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of architecture engineering material technical field, particularly a kind of crystallite foaming walling unit utilizing tailings to produce, and tool has been widely used.
Background technology
Along with the scarcity gradually of world energy sources, China has formulated the basic principle of " energy conservation realizes sustainable development ", and therefore building energy conservation also becomes an emphasis of current Chinese architecture career development.The Main Means of current building energy conservation is External Walls Heating Insulation, effectively can solve China's season in summer in winter two indoor/outdoor temperature-difference and the energy loss problem caused, it represent the developing direction of China's energy-saving heat preserving technology.
Current exterior wall heat-preserving system is formed by Material claddings such as polymer mortar, fiberglass gridding cloth, heat insulating material, plastering mortar, finish materials, integrates the functions such as insulation, waterproof, facing.But the form of construction work of this complexity deposits just problem hidden danger greatly, generally a period of time after construction, or occur after summer and winter temperature circulation change.Mainly contain four major problem: 1. insulation layer comes off, show as heat preservation plate material displacement, hollowing, come off; 2. float coat cracking, shows as plastering mortar deflection difference large, produces crack; 3. indoor condensation, mainly betides near window, and show as indoor and return frost, condensation, metope is damp and mouldy; 4. facing tile hollowing, come off, show as facing tile, material hollowing, come off, except make metope outward appearance plain except, be also prone to accidents.Thus, just there is very large drawback in external thermal insulation system form of construction work.
Heat insulating material involved by exterior wall heat-preserving system comprises organic insulation material and the large class of inorganic heat insulation material two.Organic insulation material, as thermoplastic EPS, XPS, thermosets polyurethane (PU), phenolic aldehyde (PF) etc., have good heat insulation effect, but anti-flammability is very poor.Can reach B1, B or C difficulty combustion rank under the detection of national fire safety standard, but in natural fire, not only can not form fire-resistance calamity function carbonization Rotating fields, also there will be melting drippage, melting dropping can spread by initiation fire.Because of but the heat insulating material of " fire performance " extreme difference.And be improve its fireproof performance, the brominated flame retardant added, there is very large toxicity, harm environment and health, according to the United Nations " Convention of Stockholm ", this fire retardant started to forbid in the world in November, 2014, and this opens wide prospect just to inorganic heat insulation material such as rock wool, expanded perlite, foam cement, foamed glass, glass wool etc. without fire retardant.Inorganic heat insulation material fireproof performance is better; in fire-protection standard, belong to A level do not fire; do not burn in the fire starting stage, do not spread; but be cannot stand high temp fire to attack equally; glass wool more than 350 DEG C is brittle, efflorescence; rock wool starts efflorescence more than 650 DEG C, all burns till a powder in true big fire, can not architecture protection thing effectively.And its heat insulation effect is poor, unit weight is large, and easily absorb water, weather resisteant is poor, is difficult to reach energy-conservation 75%.Thus, the developing direction of heat insulating material is both energy-efficient, and fire safety is reliable again.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the present utility model is openly a kind of foaming wall building block with many advantages performance, and tool has been widely used.
Realize the present utility model object technical solution as follows: have a low-density foamed matrix of tailings crystallite be made up of tailings crystallite compound material high temperature, on low-density foamed matrix, sintering has a high density decorative layer.
The density of described low-density foamed matrix by its bottom surface to its upper surface for increasing progressively structure.
A transition zone is had between described low-density foamed matrix and high density decorative layer.
The density of described transition zone is from bottom to top increase progressively structure, and the averag density of transition zone higher than low-density foamed matrix density and lower than the density of decorative layer.
The transition zone that the interlaced district that described transition zone is formed by the change interface of the undaform between foamed matrix and decorative layer is formed.
The density of described foamed matrix is 0.2 ~ 0.8g/cm
3, thickness is 30 ~ 300mm, and the thickness of decorative layer is 0.5 ~ 10mm.
The density of described foamed matrix is 0.2 ~ 0.8g/cm
3, thickness is 30 ~ 300mm, and the thickness of decorative layer is 0.5 ~ 10mm.
The thickness of described transition zone is 0.3 ~ 5mm.
Mine tailing crystallization material, additive and blowing agent are mixed and made into mine tailing crystallization compound material by the preparation technology of the building block that the utility model relates to, above-mentioned additive is one or more in boric acid, potassium phosphate, feldspar, dolomite, glaze, pottery or cullet, and above-mentioned blowing agent is one or more in carbon black, carborundum, limestone, soda ash, manganese dioxide, gypsum; Above-mentioned mine tailing crystallization compound material is put into the fine powder that grinding machine is machined to (comprising ball milling, vertical mill, vibromill or airflow milling etc.) required order number, and this process is also a process effectively mixed; Utilize crushing engine or grinding machine and vibrosieve that one or more in tailings crystallite material, tailings, mineral material, hard fire colour four class material are machined to the decorative layer powder of required order number, described tailings comprises the solid waste such as desert wind sand, sandstone sand grains, river silt useless sand, coal gangue coal ash, various mine tailing slag, pottery, cullet, building waste, and described mineral material comprises calcite, feldspar, pyroxene, amphibole, sandstone; Again by material distributing machine successively by tailings crystallite compound material and decorative layer powder spreading to assembling die; There is by above-mentioned spreading the assembling die of tailings crystallite compound material fine powder and decorative layer powder to send into crystallization kiln to fire in the steps below: 1. preheating, is warming up to 800 ~ 950 DEG C, be incubated 10 ~ 40 minutes; 2. integral sintering, is warming up to 1000 ~ 1350 DEG C, is incubated 30 ~ 120 minutes; 3. to anneal cooling, kiln discharges after being cooled to less than 280 DEG C; 4. depanning after below Temperature fall to 100 DEG C, obtains crystallite foaming walling unit sheet material; Finally crystallite foaming walling unit sheet material is placed naturally after within more than 60 hours, eliminating stress, through polishing or polishing, cutting, obtain crystallite foaming walling unit after drying.Above-mentioned processing step is basic preparation method of the present utility model, and obtains corresponding crystallite foaming walling unit.
The walling unit that the utility model provides has many advantages performance and feature, such as: (1) utilizes desert wind sand, sandstone sand grains, river silt is useless husky, coal gangue coal ash, various mine tailing slag, pottery, cullet, the tailings such as solid waste such as building waste are as the raw material produced, waste product and the solid waste still recoverable produced in producing, goods form through more than 1000 DEG C high temperature sinterings, goods are "dead" element, forming process produces without pernicious gas, thus also can help while self possessing environment-friendly function to alleviate existing environment stress, (2) goods are formed through melting crystallization process integral sintering by foamed matrix and architectural surface, combined strength bination is high, there is not the problems such as decorative cover comes off, and have transition zone between foaming body base and architectural surface and reduce stress mutation phenomenon, more contribute to improving weather resisteant and intensity, (3) product decoration face can be crystallite plain color face, marble surface, sandstone face, variegation point grinding stone face, and kind pattern is various and pattern quality is natural, (4) be multifunctional unit materials for wall, possess intensity (1.5 ~ 20MPa), fire-resistant (A1 level mass loss rate≤5%), thermal insulation (coefficient of thermal conductivity 0.07 ~ 0.2W/ (mK)), moistureproof and waterproof, decoration, lightweight (dry density 0.2 ~ 0.7g/cm
3), weather-proof corrosion-resistant (40% sulfuric acid soaks mass loss rate≤3% of 750h), the integrated functionality needed for constructional materials such as environmental protection, (5) directly as walling unit, replace traditional brick to mix the+labyrinth of waterproof+mortar+grid+be incubated+wipe one's face+decoration, building construction is simple, (6) as walling unit, its thickness according to thickness of wall body and thermal requirements comprehensive Design, can compensate for the defect of inorganic heat insulation material poor thermal insulation property, (7) owing to paying special attention to eliminate the stress removed in building block, when building block is used as building surface building block, while there is the performance such as high strength and lightweight, building block has splendid weather resisteant, can not inner fine crack be produced because of the complicated weather conditions such as solar exposure, winter low temperature and become large crackle, there is very long application life.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of utility model.
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of utility model.
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of the 3rd embodiment of utility model.
Detailed description of the invention
Drawings illustrate three kinds of embodiments of the present utility model, to it should be noted that shown in accompanying drawing just for ease of to understanding of the present utility model, and should not be considered as the restriction to the utility model claims.
Refer to Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 3, specific embodiment of the utility model is as follows: have the low-density foamed matrix 1 of tailings crystallite that is made up of tailings crystallite compound material high temperature, and on low-density foamed matrix 1, sintering has a high density decorative layer 2, the walling unit of said structure can realize by aforesaid processing step, it is the building block of the most basic form of structure, section structure as shown in Figure 1, above-mentioned so-called low-density is owing to having blowing agent in crystallite compound material, a large amount of micro-bubbles is there is in foamed matrix 1 in high-temperature firing process, therefore its density is lower, and highdensity decorative layer is because do not have blowing agent in decorative layer powder, spontaneous curing after powder high temperature crystallization, the interface both sides of foamed matrix 1 and decorative layer 2 are the material of different densities, namely there is the larger jump of a density, when reality uses, interface both sides material has small difference on coefficient of thermal expansion, and may cause there is small crackle near interface, foamed matrix 1 is the main body of building block simultaneously, there is larger thickness, for reducing the density contrast of interface both sides, the density of low-density foamed matrix 1 by its bottom surface to its upper surface (i.e. aforesaid interface) for increasing progressively structure, the density contrast of such interface both sides reduces, avoid the difference of coefficient of thermal expansion as much as possible, in actual process, after spreading crystallite compound material, with a pressing plate, crystallite compound layer is carried out to the compacting of certain pressure, due to the existence of resistance, then the powder density of the upper surface of crystallite compound layer is higher than the density of bottom surface, also above-mentioned density gradient is kept after firing, for improving the jump of interface both sides density further, a transition zone 3 is provided with between low-density foamed matrix 1 and high density decorative layer 2, and the density of transition zone 3 is from bottom to top increase progressively structure, and the averag density of transition zone 3 higher than foamed matrix 1 density and lower than the density of decorative layer 2, in actual process step, at high temperature integrated sintering step, to assembling die make horizontal reciprocating or three-dimensional circular of reciprocating vibration, the transition zone 3 (shown in Fig. 2) of a medium density gradual change is formed in the crystallite compound material that interface upper part decorative layer powder can enter foaming shape, that is the part bubble of transition zone 3 can be filled, such transition zone 3 can reduce the difference of coefficient of thermal expansion, and density value is a gradual change value, this point is advantageous particularly, certainly except above-mentioned mode of vibration forms transition zone 3, also can after spreading crystallite compound material, the pressing plate having a undaform with one carries out the compacting of certain pressure to above-mentioned crystallite compound layer, then the surface of crystallite compound material forms change interface and forms wavy relief, and then spreading decorative layer powder, between two-layer powder, then there is an interlaced powder district, after firing, the interface of the undaform between foamed matrix 1 and decorative layer 2 forms the transition zone 3 that interlaced district is formed, transition zone 3 namely add two-layer between interpenetrate and form density transition district, and can increase building block two-layer between structural strength (Fig. 3 shown in).
In the actual preparation of building block, due to high-temperature firing, in temperature-fall period, because block surfaces and inside exist temperature difference, thermal stress can be there is in building block, and the existence of stress and the orderly of crystalline solid or the unordered fragility that all can affect building block, and in the Long-Time Service of reality, impact can be had on the life-span of building block, the variable density of aforesaid foamed matrix 1 and the existence of transition zone 3 reduce the jump that there is stress, therefore it is favourable to the use of building block, annealing process is or/and normal temperature leaves standstill the thermal stress eliminating part for a long time, but the order of crystalline solid or directionality also can affect the fragility of building block, therefore in aforesaid annealing steps, available roll body carries out back and forth exerting pressure of certain pressure to building block sheet material, this pressure works to the formation of crystalline solid and directionality, make crystalline texture homogeneous, the then fragility of the building block sheet material of corresponding reduction thermal stress generation, to follow-up polishing, polishing and cutting action are also very favourable, reduce the production probability of the waste product that causing appears in crackle.The density of aforesaid foamed matrix 1 is 0.2 ~ 0.8g/cm
3thickness is 30 ~ 300mm, the thickness of decorative layer 2 is 0.5 ~ 10mm, to the density of foamed matrix 1 and decorative layer 2 or/and the different selection of thickness, building block is made to can be used as the main body of the body of wall of building or the insulation layer etc. of building, can have different purposes based on building block, it is comparatively suitable that the thickness of described transition zone 3 is chosen as 0.3 ~ 5mm.
Being carried out detailed description from block structure above, for understanding the utility model more fully, doing a detailed introduction below by the building block prepared different materials.
Embodiment 1
By weight percentage, quartz sand is the devitrified glass material 70% that main material is made, potassium phosphate 2%, carborundum 2%, cullet 20%, dolomite 5%, limestone 1%, prepare burden by said components and consumption, the compound obtained is put into grinding in ball grinder, obtain 350 object tailings crystallite compound material fine powders, the white sand particle getting 1 ~ 3mm with Vibration Screen is decorative fabric, respectively tailings crystallite compound material fine powder and white sand successively spreading are struck off in combination fireproof die with automatic distributing machine, by thickness proportion requirement, tailings crystallite compound material fine powder spreading as foam material is 30% of assembling die capacity, white sand spreading as decorative cover is 2% of assembling die capacity, the assembling die of good for spreading material is sent into roller kilns fire, first 850 DEG C are warming up to, be incubated 20 minutes, integral sintering section, is warming up to 1150 DEG C, is incubated 60 minutes, annealing is cooled to 200 DEG C of kiln discharges, finally be cooled to after below 80 DEG C, take out from mould, naturally place 5 days, do not wiped off with the unnecessary white sand of foaming body compound by decorative cover, then by dimensional requirement cutting, obtaining take quartz sand as the sandstone face tailings crystallite foaming walling unit of main material.
Embodiment 2
By weight percentage, take drift-sand as the devitrified glass material 75% that main material is made, boric acid 5%, waste old ceramics 10%, glass dust 2%, soda ash 3%, carbon black 5%, prepare burden by said components and consumption, the compound obtained is put into grinding in ball grinder, obtain 400 object tailings crystallite compound material fine powders, getting drift-sand is that the devitrified glass material made of main material is as decorative fabric, respectively tailings crystallite compound material fine powder and devitrified glass material successively spreading are struck off in combination fireproof die with automatic distributing machine, by thickness proportion requirement, tailings crystallite compound material fine powder spreading as foam material is 30% of assembling die capacity, white sand spreading as decorative cover is 5% of assembling die capacity, the assembling die of good for spreading material is sent into roller kilns fire, first 900 DEG C are warming up to, be incubated 30 minutes, integral sintering section, is warming up to 1200 DEG C, is incubated 80 minutes, annealing is cooled to 150 DEG C of kiln discharges, finally be cooled to after below 60 DEG C, take out from mould, naturally place 3 days, decorative cover is carried out polishing, then by dimensional requirement cutting, obtaining take drift-sand as the crystallite face tailings crystallite foaming walling unit of main material.
Embodiment 3
By weight percentage, take iron tailings as the devitrified glass material 70% that main material is made, boric acid 1.5%, cullet 12%, glaze 10%, carborundum 1.5%, gypsum 5%, prepare burden by said components and consumption, the compound obtained is put into grinding in ball grinder, obtain 250 object tailings crystallite compound material fine powders, producing 80 object drift-sands 40% and 60 objects respectively with iron tailings with crushing engine and vibrosieve is the devitrified glass material 60% that main material is made, as decorative fabric after mixing, respectively tailings crystallite compound material fine powder and decorative fabric successively spreading are struck off in combination fireproof die with automatic distributing machine, by thickness proportion requirement, tailings crystallite compound material fine powder spreading as foam material is 45% of assembling die capacity, white sand spreading as decorative cover is 1.5% of assembling die capacity, the assembling die of good for spreading material is sent into roller kilns fire, first 900 DEG C are warming up to, be incubated 30 minutes, integral sintering section, is warming up to 1150 DEG C, is incubated 100 minutes, annealing is cooled to 100 DEG C of kiln discharges, finally be cooled to after below 60 DEG C, take out from mould, naturally place 3 days, decorative cover is carried out grinding process, then by dimensional requirement cutting, obtaining take iron tailings as the marble surface tailings crystallite foaming walling unit of main material.
Embodiment 4
By weight percentage, take flyash as the devitrified glass material 85% that main material is made, dolomite 6%, potassic feldspar 4%, carborundum 2%, manganese dioxide 3%, prepare burden by said components and consumption, the compound obtained is put into grinding in ball grinder, obtain 300 object tailings crystallite compound material fine powders, getting flyash is that the devitrified glass material made of main material is as decorative fabric, respectively tailings crystallite compound material fine powder and devitrified glass material successively spreading are struck off in combination fireproof die with automatic distributing machine, by thickness proportion requirement, tailings crystallite compound material fine powder spreading as foam material is 45% of assembling die capacity, white sand spreading as decorative cover is 5% of assembling die capacity, the assembling die of good for spreading material is sent into roller kilns fire, first 900 DEG C are warming up to, be incubated 30 minutes, integral sintering section, is warming up to 1180 DEG C, is incubated 90 minutes, annealing is cooled to 200 DEG C of kiln discharges, finally be cooled to after below 60 DEG C, take out from mould, naturally place 3 days, decorative cover is carried out polishing, then by dimensional requirement cutting, obtaining take flyash as the crystallite face tailings crystallite foaming walling unit of main material.
The bulk density of the crystallite foaming walling unit that what the utility model embodiment provided utilize tailings to produce, compressive strength, hardness, coefficient of thermal conductivity and fire-protection rating performance parameter are in table 1.
Table 1
Performance parameter as can be seen from table 1, the crystallite foaming walling unit that what the utility model embodiment provided utilize tailings to produce has higher compressive strength and hardness, and bulk density is very low, greatly can reduce the own wt of building, there is stronger fire resistance property, and good heat resistanceheat resistant heat-insulating property.In addition, the thickness of building block comprehensively can be determined, applying flexible according to each performance parameter of table 1 and construction wall thermal requirements.
Claims (8)
1. the crystallite foaming walling unit utilizing tailings to produce, it is characterized in that there is a low-density foamed matrix of tailings crystallite (1) be made up of tailings crystallite compound material high temperature, have a high density decorative layer (2) at the upper sintering of low-density foamed matrix (1).
2. the crystallite foaming walling unit utilizing tailings to produce according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the density of described low-density foamed matrix (1) by its bottom surface to its upper surface for increasing progressively structure.
3. the crystallite foaming walling unit utilizing tailings to produce according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that there is a transition zone (3) between described low-density foamed matrix (1) and high density decorative layer (2).
4. the crystallite foaming walling unit utilizing tailings to produce according to claim 3, the density that it is characterized in that described transition zone (3) is from bottom to top increase progressively structure, and the averag density of transition zone (3) higher than low-density foamed matrix (1) density and lower than the density of decorative layer (2).
5. the crystallite foaming walling unit utilizing tailings to produce according to claim 3, is characterized in that the transition zone that the interlaced district that described transition zone (3) is formed by the change interface of the undaform between foamed matrix and decorative layer is formed.
6. the crystallite foaming walling unit utilizing tailings to produce according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 5, is characterized in that the density of described foamed matrix (1) is 0.2 ~ 0.8g/cm
3, thickness is 30 ~ 300mm, and the thickness of decorative layer (2) is 0.5 ~ 10mm.
7. the crystallite foaming walling unit utilizing tailings to produce according to claim 3, is characterized in that the density of described foamed matrix (1) is 0.2 ~ 0.8g/cm
3, thickness is 30 ~ 300mm, and the thickness of decorative layer (2) is 0.5 ~ 10mm.
8. the crystallite foaming walling unit utilizing tailings to produce according to claim 4 or 5 or 7, is characterized in that the thickness of described transition zone (3) is 0.3 ~ 5mm.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107200518A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-09-26 | 合肥易美特建材有限公司 | A kind of baking-free brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN109231962A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-18 | 岑金涛 | The composite foamed ceramic assembled building wall material of nano microcrystalline and its manufacturing method |
| CN110395969A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-01 | 洛阳北玻硅巢技术有限公司 | A kind of compound gangue base exterior insulation of crystallite and preparation method thereof |
| CN111962758A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-11-20 | 山东农业大学 | Method for building wall by using plate type light energy-saving building blocks |
| CN115674399A (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2023-02-03 | 广西晖龙科技有限公司 | Method and equipment for preparing foam self-insulation building block by using industrial smelting tailings |
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2014
- 2014-12-25 CN CN201420832174.XU patent/CN204418481U/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107200518A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-09-26 | 合肥易美特建材有限公司 | A kind of baking-free brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN109231962A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-18 | 岑金涛 | The composite foamed ceramic assembled building wall material of nano microcrystalline and its manufacturing method |
| CN110395969A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-01 | 洛阳北玻硅巢技术有限公司 | A kind of compound gangue base exterior insulation of crystallite and preparation method thereof |
| CN111962758A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-11-20 | 山东农业大学 | Method for building wall by using plate type light energy-saving building blocks |
| CN115674399A (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2023-02-03 | 广西晖龙科技有限公司 | Method and equipment for preparing foam self-insulation building block by using industrial smelting tailings |
| CN115674399B (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2023-09-01 | 广西晖龙科技有限公司 | Method and equipment for preparing foam self-insulation building block by utilizing industrial smelting tailings |
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