CN204400929U - A kind of biomass gasifying furnace and the efficient heating system of industrial combustion gas unified boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-efficiency heat supply system combined with a biomass gasification furnace and an industrial gas boiler, comprising a biomass gasification furnace, an industrial gas boiler, a water circulation device, an electric decoking cracker, a full water cooling jacket, and a full water cooling jacket The top is connected to the bottom of the high temperature area of the water tank, the bottom of the full water cooling jacket is connected to the low temperature area of the water tank, and the industrial gas boiler is connected to the top of the high temperature area of the water tank. There is also a gasification air chamber. The inlet of the gasification air chamber is connected to the steam outlet and connected to Waste heat recovery device. This system uses steam produced by industrial gas boilers, and part of it is used as gasification medium to supply gasification furnace for gasification. The combined gasification of steam and air helps to improve the stability and quality of biomass gas; the preheated air is used as combustion-supporting gas Supplying industrial gas boilers can improve the overall thermal efficiency; the electrolytic decoking cracker cracks tar, improves the stability of biomass gas, and helps the combustion of biomass gas. This utility model is used in the field of boiler heating systems.

Description

A combined high-efficiency heating system of biomass gasifier and industrial gas boiler

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of boiler heating systems, in particular to a combined high-efficiency heating system of a biomass gasification furnace and an industrial gas boiler.

Background technique

Biomass energy has been widely used as a renewable, non-polluting and clean energy. Biomass gasification and combustion is one of the main ways of efficient utilization of biomass. Biomass gasification and combustion generally use special biomass gasifiers and The supporting biomass boiler system currently has a relatively complete implementation structure and has achieved certain industrial applications. However, there are many problems in the actual operation process, and there are many existing technologies that need to be improved and developed, as follows:

1) The body structure of the existing biomass gasifier design is built with refractory materials, which are expensive and have a short service life;

2) Biomass gasification generally uses air as the gasification agent. Although the structure is simple, the calorific value of biomass gas is low and the gasification efficiency is not high;

3) Because the biomass gas produced by biomass gasification contains a certain amount of tar, the gas pipeline is often blocked, which greatly limits the application of biomass gas;

4) The tail of the existing industrial gas boiler combustion heating system is an economizer structure, the exhaust gas temperature is high, the heat loss is large, and the air supply of the gasifier and the boiler is cold air, the gasification efficiency and boiler combustion efficiency are low , the overall system efficiency is low.

Utility model content

In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a combined high-efficiency heating system of biomass gasifier and industrial gas boiler with simple operation, high thermal efficiency and low content of biomass gas tar.

The technical scheme that the utility model solves its technical problem adopts is:

A combined high-efficiency heating system of a biomass gasification furnace and an industrial gas boiler, including a biomass gasification furnace, an industrial gas boiler, a water circulation device that is divided into a high-temperature area of the water tank and a low-temperature area of the water tank by a cold and hot water partition, and connected to the The electric decoking cracker between the biomass gasifier and the industrial gas boiler. The biomass gasifier is equipped with a full water cooling jacket. The top of the full water cooling jacket is connected to the bottom of the high temperature zone of the water tank through the gasifier circulating water pump. The full water cooling jacket The bottom of the biomass gasification furnace is connected to the low temperature area of the water tank, and the industrial gas boiler is connected to the top of the high temperature area of the water tank through the boiler feed pump. The outlet is connected to the waste heat recovery device at the end of the industrial gas boiler through the primary air pipe.

As a further improvement of the technical solution of the utility model, one end of the industrial gas boiler is provided with an adiabatic enhanced combustion chamber and a honeycomb heat storage combustion wall between the adiabatic enhanced combustion chamber and the industrial gas boiler cavity, and the biomass burner is installed on the adiabatic enhanced combustion chamber. the outer end of the combustion chamber.

As a further improvement of the technical solution of the utility model, an electrothermal decoking cracker is connected between the top of the biomass gasifier and the adiabatic enhanced combustion chamber, and the biomass burner is also connected to the electrothermal decoking cracker, and the biomass burner and the adiabatic The enhanced combustion chambers are all connected to the waste heat recovery device, and the bottom of the electrothermal decoking cracker is equipped with a coke discharge tube.

As a further improvement of the technical solution of the utility model, control valves are provided on both sides of the biomass burner, and a control valve is provided on the channel leading to the waste heat recovery device from the adiabatic enhanced combustion chamber.

As a further improvement of the technical solution of the utility model, the waste heat recovery device includes a primary air preheater and a secondary air preheater, the inlet side of the primary air preheater is provided with a gasifier fan, and the secondary air preheater A burner fan is provided on the inlet side of the boiler, and a smoke exhaust port is provided at the bottom of the secondary air preheater.

As a further improvement of the technical solution of the utility model, the steam outlet of the industrial gas boiler is provided with an electric regulating valve.

As a further improvement of the technical solution of the utility model, a water supply inlet is provided at the top of the low-temperature zone of the water tank of the water circulation device.

Beneficial effects of the utility model: the combined high-efficiency heating system of the biomass gasification furnace and the industrial gas boiler uses the steam produced by the industrial gas boiler, and part of it is used as a gasification medium to supply the gasification furnace for gasification, and the combined gasification of steam and air helps It is used to improve the stability and quality of biomass gas; the preheated air is used as combustion-supporting gas to supply industrial gas boilers, which can improve the overall thermal efficiency; the electrolytic decoking cracker can crack the tar in biomass gas to improve the stability of biomass gas , which is helpful to the combustion of biomass gas; at the same time, the system is water-cooled through a full water-cooling jacket, which can effectively avoid coking in the biomass gasifier.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the utility model.

Detailed ways

Referring to Fig. 1, the utility model is a combined high-efficiency heating system of a biomass gasification furnace and an industrial gas boiler, including a biomass gasification furnace 1, an industrial gas boiler 3, and a water tank high temperature zone separated by a cold and hot water partition 64 and the water circulation device 6 in the low temperature area of the water tank, and the electric heating decoking cracker 2 connected between the biomass gasification furnace 1 and the industrial gas boiler 3. The biomass gasification furnace 1 is equipped with a full water cooling jacket 12, and a full water cooling jacket 12 The top of the gasifier is connected to the bottom of the high temperature zone of the water tank through the gasifier circulating water pump 63, the bottom of the full water cooling jacket 12 is connected to the low temperature zone of the water tank, the industrial gas boiler 3 is connected to the top of the high temperature zone of the water tank through the boiler feed water pump 62, and the biomass gasifier 1 The bottom of the gasification air chamber 11 is provided, and the inlet of the gasification air chamber 11 is connected to the steam outlet on the industrial gas boiler 3, and is connected to the waste heat recovery device 7 at the end of the industrial gas boiler 3 through the primary air pipe 13.

The combined high-efficiency heating system of biomass gasifier and industrial gas boiler uses industrial gas boiler 3 to produce steam, part of which is used as gasification medium to supply gasification furnace for gasification, and combined gasification of steam and air helps to improve the efficiency of biomass gas. Stability and quality; preheated air is used as combustion-supporting gas to supply industrial gas boiler 3, which can improve the overall thermal efficiency; electrolytic decoking cracker 2 can crack tar in biomass gas, improve the stability of biomass gas, and contribute to Combustion of biomass gas; at the same time, the system is water-cooled through the full water cooling jacket 12, which can effectively avoid coking in the biomass gasification furnace 1.

The water circulation design of the system makes the thermal energy of the system be distributed reasonably, and the thermal efficiency is improved. The air supply device of the system and the waste heat recovery device 7 are ingeniously combined. The heat of the flue gas from the boiler is used to heat the cold air, and the hot air after heat exchange The gasification efficiency and boiler combustion efficiency are improved.

The utility model provides a connection device for comprehensive heat utilization, which improves the comprehensive heat efficiency of the system to 90%.

As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, one end of the industrial gas boiler 3 is provided with an adiabatic enhanced combustion chamber 31 and a honeycomb heat storage combustion wall 32 between the adiabatic enhanced combustion chamber 31 and the cavity of the industrial gas boiler 3, and the biomass burner 4 is installed on the outer end of the adiabatic enhanced combustion chamber 31.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top of the biomass gasification furnace 1 is connected with the electrothermal decoking cracker 2 between the top of the biomass gasifier 1 and the adiabatic enhanced combustion chamber 31, and the biomass burner 4 is also connected to the electrothermal decoking cracker 2. Both the burner 4 and the adiabatic enhanced combustion chamber 31 are connected to the waste heat recovery device 7 , and the bottom of the electrothermal decoking cracker 2 is provided with a coke discharge pipe 21 .

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, control valves are provided on both sides of the biomass burner 4 , and control valves are provided on the channel from the adiabatic enhanced combustion chamber 31 to the waste heat recovery device 7 .

As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the waste heat recovery device 7 includes a primary air preheater 71 and a secondary air preheater 72, the inlet side of the primary air preheater 71 is provided with a gasifier fan 51, and the secondary The inlet side of the air preheater 72 is provided with a burner fan 52, and the bottom of the secondary air preheater 72 is provided with a smoke outlet.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the steam outlet of the industrial gas boiler 3 is provided with an electric regulating valve 33 .

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top of the low-temperature zone of the water tank of the water circulation device 6 is provided with a replenishment water inlet 61 .

During the operation of the system, the biomass gas produced by the biomass gasifier 1 is firstly decoked by the electrothermal decoking cracker 2. The electrothermal decoking cracker 2 is heated by electric heating rods, and the internal temperature is controlled at about 900°C to ensure the production The tar in the material gas is fully cracked, the initially purified biomass gas is sent to the biomass burner 4 for combustion, and a very small amount of tar that has not been cracked is collected to a designated location through the coke discharge pipe. The biomass burner 4 adopts a two-stage air distribution and staged combustion form. After passing through the biomass burner 4, the biomass gas enters the adiabatic enhanced combustion chamber 31 to be further cracked and staged to intensify combustion, and then enters the honeycomb heat storage combustion wall 32 for removal. The ash is further cracked and flow-balanced, and then sent to the industrial gas boiler 3 for combustion. Part of the high-temperature steam produced by the industrial gas-fired boiler 3 is led out through the main steam pipeline to a branch road and connected to the gasification wind chamber 11 of the gasifier for combined steam-air gasification. The steam flow is automatically adjusted by the electric control valve 33, and the electric adjustment The opening of the valve 3 and the temperature of the oxidation zone of the biomass gasifier 1 are interlocked. The temperature range of the oxidation zone of the biomass gasifier 1 is set to 600-1000°C. shut down.

Combined steam-air gasification can conveniently control the temperature in the oxidation zone of the gasifier, increase the hydrogen content in the biomass gas, and effectively control the temperature in the biomass gasifier 1 to avoid coking in the furnace and protect the grate at the same time safety. The high-temperature flue gas generated after combustion enters the primary air preheater 71 and exchanges heat with the cold air sent by the fan 51 of the gasification furnace. The flue gas inlet temperature is 350°C, the outlet temperature is 250°C, and the air inlet temperature is 20°C. The outlet air temperature is 250°C, the hot air after heat exchange is sent to the gasification air chamber 11 and the secondary air pipe 14 through the primary air pipe 13 for steam-air gasification, and the flue gas from the primary air preheater 71 Send it to the secondary air preheater 72 for further waste heat recovery, and exchange heat with the cold air sent by the burner fan 52. The flue gas inlet temperature is 250°C, the outlet temperature is 90°C, the air inlet temperature is 20°C, and the outlet temperature is 180°C , the hot air after heat exchange is sent to the biomass burner 4 for air distribution combustion, and the low-temperature flue gas drawn from the secondary air preheater 72 is tested and discharged up to standard.

In addition, the softened water of the boiler from outside flows into the low-temperature area of the water tank of the water circulation device 6 through the replenishing water inlet 61, and the cold water in the low-temperature area of the water tank enters the full water cooling jacket 12 of the gasifier through the water inlet pipe 66 of the gasifier, and the heated circulating water passes through the gasification furnace. The furnace outlet pipe 65 is sent to the high temperature zone of the water tank of the water circulation device 6, and the hot water in the high temperature zone of the water tank enters the industrial gas boiler 3 through the boiler feed water pump 63 to provide boiler water to realize the circulation of the waterway.

In summary, during the use of biomass gasifiers and industrial gas boilers, high-efficiency heating systems have high mechanization intensity, simple operation, high comprehensive thermal efficiency, economy and practicability, and can be widely used in biomass gasifiers It can also be used in high-efficiency heating systems of industrial gas boilers, and can also be used in biomass gasification furnaces and existing industrial gas boiler technical transformation systems. The effect of energy saving and emission reduction is good, and it has a good market prospect.

Certainly, the invention of the utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and those skilled in the art can also make equivalent modifications or replacements without violating the spirit of the utility model. within the bounds of the requirements.

Claims (7)

1. a biomass gasifying furnace and the efficient heating system of industrial combustion gas unified boiler, it is characterized in that: comprise biomass gasifying furnace (1), industrial combustion gas boiler (3), the water circle device (6) of water tank high-temperature zone and water tank cold zone is divided into by cold and hot water dividing plate (64), and the electric heating decoking cracker (2) be connected between described biomass gasifying furnace (1) and industrial combustion gas boiler (3), full water cooling cover (12) is provided with outside described biomass gasifying furnace (1), the top of described full water cooling cover (12) is connected to bottom water tank high-temperature zone by vapourizing furnace water circulating pump (63), the bottom of described full water cooling cover (12) is connected to water tank cold zone, described industrial combustion gas boiler (3) is connected to top, water tank high-temperature zone by boiler feedpump (62), the bottom of described biomass gasifying furnace (1) is provided with gasification air compartment (11), the import of described gasification air compartment (11) is connected to the vapour outlet on industrial combustion gas boiler (3), and the waste-heat recovery device (7) of industrial combustion gas boiler (3) afterbody is connected to by primary air piping (13).

2. biomass gasifying furnace according to claim 1 and the efficient heating system of industrial combustion gas unified boiler, it is characterized in that: one end of described industrial combustion gas boiler (3) is provided with adiabatic overheavy firing room (31) and is positioned at the cellular heat-accumulation combustion wall (32) between adiabatic overheavy firing room (31) and industrial combustion gas boiler (3) cavity, and described biomass burner (4) is installed on the outer end of adiabatic overheavy firing room (31).

3. biomass gasifying furnace according to claim 2 and the efficient heating system of industrial combustion gas unified boiler, it is characterized in that: between the top of described biomass gasifying furnace (1) and adiabatic overheavy firing room (31), be connected with electric heating decoking cracker (2), described biomass burner (4) is also connected to electric heating decoking cracker (2), described biomass burner (4) and adiabatic overheavy firing room (31) are all connected to waste-heat recovery device (7), and the bottom of described electric heating decoking cracker (2) is provided with coke discharging tube (21).

4. biomass gasifying furnace according to claim 3 and the efficient heating system of industrial combustion gas unified boiler, it is characterized in that: the both sides of described biomass burner (4) are equipped with control valve, the passage that described adiabatic overheavy firing room (31) leads to waste-heat recovery device (7) is provided with control valve.

5. according to the biomass gasifying furnace in Claims 1 to 4 described in any one and the efficient heating system of industrial combustion gas unified boiler, it is characterized in that: described waste-heat recovery device (7) comprises main air preheater (71) and secondary air preheater (72), the on the suction side of described main air preheater (71) is provided with fan of gasifier (51), the on the suction side of described secondary air preheater (72) is provided with burner blower fan (52), and the bottom of described secondary air preheater (72) is provided with smoke outlet.

6. biomass gasifying furnace according to claim 1 and the efficient heating system of industrial combustion gas unified boiler, is characterized in that: the vapour outlet of described industrial combustion gas boiler (3) is provided with motor-driven control valve (33).

7. biomass gasifying furnace according to claim 1 and the efficient heating system of industrial combustion gas unified boiler, is characterized in that: the top, water tank cold zone of described water circle device (6) is provided with moisturizing import (61).