CN204385191U - Municipal sludge associating anaerobic digestion of kitchen wastes reaction unit - Google Patents

Municipal sludge associating anaerobic digestion of kitchen wastes reaction unit Download PDF

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CN204385191U
CN204385191U CN201420864664.8U CN201420864664U CN204385191U CN 204385191 U CN204385191 U CN 204385191U CN 201420864664 U CN201420864664 U CN 201420864664U CN 204385191 U CN204385191 U CN 204385191U
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anaerobic digestion
municipal sludge
anaerobic
associating
digestion
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李瑞鑫
徐文彬
汪春霞
邓国平
周冠晔
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DONGJIANG ENVIRONMENTAL Co Ltd
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DONGJIANG ENVIRONMENTAL Co Ltd
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Abstract

本实用新型涉及一种市政污泥联合餐厨垃圾厌氧消化装置,其特征在于:包括依次连接的用于餐厨垃圾的分选设备(1)、用于餐厨垃圾破碎的机械破碎设备(2)、用于市政污泥与餐厨垃圾混合的物料混合设备(3)以及用于市政污泥与餐厨垃圾联合消化的厌氧消化罐(4)。本实用新型的有益效果在于:将市政污泥与餐厨垃圾联合进行厌氧消化,不但能够很好地缓冲餐厨垃圾易酸化带来的不良影响、稳定反应pH值以及平衡原料营养成分,而且能够提高厌氧反应的消化效率、增加沼气产量以及缩短反应水力停留时间。通过在厌氧消化罐中安装回流系统设备,从而有效提高消化效率和排除浮渣带来的负面影响等。

The utility model relates to an anaerobic digestion device for municipal sludge combined with kitchen waste, which is characterized in that it comprises sequentially connected sorting equipment (1) for kitchen waste and mechanical crushing equipment for crushing kitchen waste ( 2), material mixing equipment (3) for mixing municipal sludge and food waste, and anaerobic digestion tank (4) for joint digestion of municipal sludge and food waste. The beneficial effect of the utility model lies in that the combined anaerobic digestion of municipal sludge and kitchen waste can not only buffer the adverse effects caused by the easy acidification of kitchen waste, stabilize the pH value of the reaction and balance the nutrient content of raw materials, but also It can improve the digestion efficiency of the anaerobic reaction, increase the biogas production and shorten the hydraulic retention time of the reaction. By installing reflux system equipment in the anaerobic digestion tank, the digestion efficiency can be effectively improved and the negative impact caused by scum can be eliminated.

Description

市政污泥联合餐厨垃圾厌氧消化反应装置Municipal sludge combined with kitchen waste anaerobic digestion reaction device

技术领域 本实用新型属环境保护技术领域,特别涉及市政污泥及餐厨垃圾的厌氧消化装置。 Technical Field The utility model belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to an anaerobic digestion device for municipal sludge and kitchen waste.

背景技术 市政污泥含水率较高,卫生填埋操作困难,资源回收少;焚烧投资大、运行管理困难;热干化投资和运行成本也很高;化学稳定法没办法实现资源利用;堆肥的投资和运行成本低,但产品受市场影响大。 Background technology Municipal sludge has a high moisture content, difficult sanitary landfill operation, and little resource recovery; large incineration investment and difficult operation management; thermal drying investment and operating costs are also high; chemical stabilization methods cannot achieve resource utilization; composting The investment and operating costs are low, but the products are greatly affected by the market.

中国专利CN103492325公开了一种污泥浓缩方法及装置,能够简易地将污泥浓缩为高浓度。所述污泥浓缩方法包括筛渣分离工序、药液混合/絮凝工序以及浓缩分离工序;所述浓缩装置包括筛渣分离部以及药液混合/絮凝部。该技术能够利用节省空间、低动力地将污泥浓缩,能够将分离出的筛渣作为脱水助剂用于其它工序、或者保存用于所预定的污泥处理。 Chinese patent CN103492325 discloses a sludge concentration method and device, which can easily concentrate sludge to a high concentration. The sludge concentration method includes a slag separation process, a liquid medicine mixing/flocculation process, and a concentration separation process; the concentration device includes a sieve separation part and a liquid medicine mixing/flocculation part. This technology can use space-saving and low-power to concentrate the sludge, and can use the separated screen residue as a dehydration aid for other processes, or save it for the scheduled sludge treatment.

中国专利CN103708690公开了一种污泥处理设备,包括有污泥输送机、污泥破碎成型机与污泥干化机,该污泥处理设备在用于城市生活污泥处理的过程中,具有持续处理能力强、周期短、效率高、处理效果好、无二次污染、环保、运行稳定安全、能耗低和自动化程度高等显著优点。 Chinese patent CN103708690 discloses a sludge treatment equipment, including a sludge conveyor, a sludge crushing machine and a sludge dryer. The sludge treatment equipment has continuous It has significant advantages such as strong processing capacity, short cycle, high efficiency, good processing effect, no secondary pollution, environmental protection, stable and safe operation, low energy consumption and high degree of automation.

但是,以上两专利虽然均能高效地降低污泥体积,减少污泥所占空间,但并没有从根本上解决污泥的处理处置问题,污泥最终均需填埋处理,占用土地空间且存在潜在风险。国内外在研究污泥处置技术上,提出了污泥处置与资源化利用相结合的路线,其中最可取的是,污泥厌氧消化产沼气。但由于市政污泥泥质含量大、有机质含量低,厌氧消化沼气产量低,厌氧消化效率低下。 However, although the above two patents can efficiently reduce the volume of sludge and reduce the space occupied by sludge, they have not fundamentally solved the problem of sludge treatment and disposal. The sludge needs to be landfilled in the end, occupying land space and has potential risks. In the study of sludge disposal technology at home and abroad, the route of combining sludge disposal and resource utilization has been proposed, the most desirable of which is anaerobic digestion of sludge to produce biogas. However, due to the high sludge content and low organic matter content of municipal sludge, the anaerobic digestion biogas yield is low, and the anaerobic digestion efficiency is low.

餐厨垃圾厌氧反应器消化罐中易产生呈胶状、粘稠的浮渣,这种浮渣不但含有难水解的木质素、油脂,而且含大量的沼气气泡。该浮渣层如得不到控制最终膨胀充满整个集气室,甚至堵塞沼气管。 The food waste anaerobic reactor digestion tank is prone to produce gelatinous and viscous scum, which not only contains lignin and oil that are difficult to hydrolyze, but also contains a large number of biogas bubbles. If the scum layer is not controlled, it will eventually expand and fill the entire gas collection chamber, or even block the biogas pipe.

中国专利CN200964376公开了一种污泥厌氧反应装置,该装置由电动机、减速机、导流箱、叶轮和反应器组成,通过改善搅拌效果,进而提高厌氧处理单元对有机物的降解率和沼气的产率。叶轮的高速搅动虽然可以有效减少浮渣的形成,但不利于厌氧环境的形成。 Chinese patent CN200964376 discloses a sludge anaerobic reaction device, which is composed of a motor, a reducer, a diversion box, an impeller and a reactor. By improving the stirring effect, the degradation rate of organic matter and biogas in the anaerobic treatment unit can be improved. yield. Although the high-speed agitation of the impeller can effectively reduce the formation of scum, it is not conducive to the formation of an anaerobic environment.

中国专利CN201908033公开了一种有机污泥厌氧发酵罐,罐体内设有搅拌叶片,罐体外部设有恒温水浴夹套,罐体下部设有温度传感器和pH传感器,该发酵罐具有生产成本低、可连续生产甲烷和有机肥料的优点。但该发酵罐不能有效的解决罐内浮渣的问题,罐内搅拌叶片慢速搅拌不能破碎浮渣的物理结构,快速搅拌虽能使浮渣溶解却会产生大量泡沫且不利厌氧反应。 Chinese patent CN201908033 discloses an anaerobic fermentation tank for organic sludge. There are stirring blades in the tank, a constant temperature water bath jacket on the outside of the tank, and a temperature sensor and a pH sensor in the lower part of the tank. The fermentation tank has low production cost. , The advantages of continuous production of methane and organic fertilizers. But this fermenter can not effectively solve the problem of the scum in the tank, the slow stirring of the stirring blades in the tank can not break the physical structure of the scum, and although the fast stirring can dissolve the scum, a large amount of foam will be produced and the anaerobic reaction is unfavorable.

实用新型内容 本实用新型针对现有市政污泥及餐厨垃圾处理技术之不足,提出一种既能保证厌氧反应效果又能有效减少浮渣的市政污泥联合餐厨垃圾厌氧消化装置。 The content of the utility model This utility model aims at the deficiencies of the existing municipal sludge and kitchen waste treatment technology, and proposes a municipal sludge combined with kitchen waste anaerobic digestion device that can not only ensure the effect of anaerobic reaction but also effectively reduce scum.

本实用新型的技术方案如下: The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

设计制作一种市政污泥联合餐厨垃圾厌氧消化装置,包括依次连接的用于餐厨垃圾的分选设备、用于餐厨垃圾破碎的机械破碎设备、用于市政污泥与餐厨垃圾混合的物料混合设备以及用于市政污泥与餐厨垃圾联合消化的厌氧消化罐。 Design and manufacture a municipal sludge combined with food waste anaerobic digestion device, including sequentially connected sorting equipment for food waste, mechanical crushing equipment for food waste crushing, municipal sludge and food waste Mixed material mixing equipment and anaerobic digestion tank for joint digestion of municipal sludge and food waste.

进一步地,所述分选设备包括用于剔除粗大杂物和有机质含量低的餐厨垃圾的震动格栅。 Further, the sorting equipment includes a vibrating grate for removing coarse debris and food waste with low organic matter content.

所述餐厨垃圾破碎设备包括锥形轴、变距螺旋叶片和螺旋布置的固定刀片。 The food waste crushing equipment includes a conical shaft, variable-pitch helical blades, and helically arranged fixed blades.

所述厌氧消化罐中安装有系统回流设备,厌氧消化罐的集气室底部设挡渣板,在浮渣层厌氧消化罐壁安装水泵管。 System reflux equipment is installed in the anaerobic digestion tank, a slag blocking plate is installed at the bottom of the gas collection chamber of the anaerobic digestion tank, and a water pump pipe is installed on the wall of the anaerobic digestion tank in the scum layer.

所述挡渣板的大小及形状与厌氧消化罐横断面相同,板上开有的孔洞。 The size and shape of the slag retaining plate are the same as the cross section of the anaerobic digestion tank, and there are holes on the plate.

所述水泵管上端位于挡渣板下面,下端通入厌氧消化罐底部。 The upper end of the water pump pipe is located under the slag retaining plate, and the lower end leads into the bottom of the anaerobic digestion tank.

所述厌氧消化罐中设置有温度传感器,该温度传感器与PLC通信连接。 A temperature sensor is arranged in the anaerobic digestion tank, and the temperature sensor is communicated with the PLC.

与现有技术相比,本实用新型的有益效果在于: Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects of:

1. 将市政污泥与餐厨垃圾联合进行厌氧消化,不但能够很好地缓冲餐厨垃圾易酸化带来的不良影响、稳定反应pH值以及平衡原料营养成分,而且能够提高厌氧反应的消化效率、增加沼气产量以及缩短反应水力停留时间。 1. Combining municipal sludge and kitchen waste for anaerobic digestion can not only buffer the adverse effects of food waste from easy acidification, stabilize the pH value of the reaction, and balance the nutritional content of raw materials, but also improve the efficiency of anaerobic reaction. Digestion efficiency, increased biogas production and reduced hydraulic retention time of the reaction.

2. 通过在厌氧消化罐中安装回流系统设备,在消化罐的集气室底部设挡渣板,在浮渣层消化罐壁安装水泵管,可把生成的浮渣泵回到消化罐中,形成回流系统,从而有效提高消化效率和排除浮渣带来的负面影响。 2. By installing backflow system equipment in the anaerobic digestion tank, setting a slag blocking plate at the bottom of the gas collection chamber of the digestion tank, and installing a water pump pipe on the wall of the scum layer digestion tank, the generated scum can be pumped back into the digestion tank , forming a reflux system, thereby effectively improving digestion efficiency and eliminating the negative effects of scum.

3. 使用分选设备将待处理的餐厨垃圾进行分选,剔除粗大杂物和有机质含量低的餐厨垃圾,有效提高了消化效率,保证餐厨垃圾厌氧消化能稳定和高效运行; 3. Use sorting equipment to sort the food waste to be processed, remove coarse debris and food waste with low organic content, effectively improve the digestion efficiency, and ensure the stable and efficient operation of the anaerobic digestion of food waste;

4. 厌氧消化罐的运行及温度采用传感器及PLC自动控制,提高了自控程度及系统运行的稳定性。 4. The operation and temperature of the anaerobic digestion tank are automatically controlled by sensors and PLC, which improves the degree of self-control and the stability of system operation.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1是本实用新型市政污泥联合餐厨垃圾厌氧消化反应装置示意图; Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the utility model municipal sludge joint anaerobic digestion reaction device for kitchen waste;

图2是所述厌氧消化反应装置的机械破碎设备的结构示意图; Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the mechanical crushing equipment of described anaerobic digestion reaction device;

图3是本实用新型的厌氧消化罐内循环的除渣结构示意图。 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the slag removal structure of the internal circulation of the anaerobic digestion tank of the present invention.

具体实施方式 以下结合附图和优选实施例对本实用新型作进一步详述。 The specific embodiment Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail.

如图1所示,本实用新型市政污泥联合餐厨垃圾厌氧消化装置,包括依次连接的用于餐厨垃圾的分选设备1、用于餐厨垃圾破碎的机械破碎设备2、用于市政污泥与餐厨垃圾混合的物料混合设备3以及用于市政污泥与餐厨垃圾联合消化的厌氧消化罐4。所述分选设备1包括用于剔除粗大杂物和有机质含量低的餐厨垃圾的震动格栅。 As shown in Figure 1, the municipal sludge combined with kitchen waste anaerobic digestion device of the present utility model comprises sequentially connected sorting equipment 1 for kitchen waste, mechanical crushing equipment 2 for crushing kitchen waste, Material mixing equipment 3 for mixing municipal sludge and kitchen waste, and anaerobic digestion tank 4 for combined digestion of municipal sludge and kitchen waste. The sorting device 1 includes a vibrating grate for removing coarse debris and food waste with low organic matter content.

如图2所示,所述餐厨垃圾破碎设备包括锥形轴21、变距螺旋叶片22和螺旋布置的固定刀片23,利用螺旋挤压原理,即螺杆内叶片间距的改变与螺杆相互产生压缩作用,随着螺杆的旋转粉碎的餐厨垃圾浆液被挤压和推移,并被固定的刀片反复切割,其中大直径颗粒被挤碾切割成小颗粒,小颗粒物料和水分形成汁液通过滤筒并收集用于厌氧消化,而渣则通过螺杆末端在排渣口排出。过滤孔径大小可由双层滤筒的相对位置调节,挤压渣的压力可以通过调节滤筒前后的相对位置调节。优选地,该餐厨垃圾破碎设备可以使用本申请人发明的公开号为CN101757968A的专利技术。 As shown in Figure 2, the food waste crushing equipment includes a conical shaft 21, variable-pitch helical blades 22 and fixed blades 23 arranged in a spiral manner, using the principle of screw extrusion, that is, the change of the blade pitch in the screw and the mutual compression of the screw With the rotation of the screw, the crushed food waste slurry is squeezed and pushed, and is repeatedly cut by the fixed blade, in which the large diameter particles are squeezed and cut into small particles, and the small particle materials and water form juice to pass through the filter cartridge and Collected for anaerobic digestion, while the slag is discharged at the slag outlet through the end of the screw. The filter pore size can be adjusted by the relative position of the double-layer filter cartridge, and the pressure of the squeezed slag can be adjusted by adjusting the relative position of the front and back of the filter cartridge. Preferably, the food waste crushing equipment can use the patented technology with publication number CN101757968A invented by the applicant.

如图3所示,所述厌氧消化罐4包括进料口43、沼气出口44、集气室45和挡渣板41,厌氧消化罐的集气室45底部设挡渣板41,在浮渣层46厌氧消化罐壁安装水泵管42。所述挡渣板41的大小及形状与厌氧消化罐横断面相同,板上开有的孔洞。所述水泵管上端位于挡渣板下面,下端通入厌氧消化罐底部。水泵从厌氧消化罐上部抽出生成的浮渣泵入厌氧消化罐底部,形成回流系统。 As shown in Figure 3, the anaerobic digestion tank 4 comprises a feed inlet 43, a biogas outlet 44, a gas collection chamber 45 and a slag retaining plate 41, and the slag retaining plate 41 is arranged at the bottom of the gas collection chamber 45 of the anaerobic digestion tank. The scum layer 46 is equipped with a water pump pipe 42 on the wall of the anaerobic digestion tank. The size and shape of the slag blocking plate 41 are the same as the cross section of the anaerobic digestion tank, and there are holes on the plate. The upper end of the water pump pipe is located under the slag retaining plate, and the lower end leads into the bottom of the anaerobic digestion tank. The water pump pumps the generated scum from the upper part of the anaerobic digestion tank to the bottom of the anaerobic digestion tank to form a reflux system.

所述厌氧消化罐中设置有温度传感器,该温度传感器与PLC通信连接,以提高了对厌氧消化的自控程度及系统运行的稳定性。 The anaerobic digestion tank is provided with a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is communicated with a PLC to improve the self-control degree of the anaerobic digestion and the stability of the system operation.

具体实施例中,餐厨垃圾首先进入分选设备1进行垃圾分选,剔除粗大杂物和有机质含量低的餐厨垃圾;分选后的餐厨垃圾进入到机械破碎设备2进行机械破碎;破碎后的餐厨垃圾进入到物料混合设备3与市政污泥以一定的比例进行充分混合;混合后的物料进入到厌氧消化罐4内进行厌氧消化,在消化过程中厌氧消化罐4内的机械搅拌桨间歇式的搅拌以促进厌氧消化,内循环系统定期的进行循环,消除浮渣对厌氧发酵的影响。根据设置在厌氧消化罐中温度传感器的信号,PLC对电加热器5进行自动控制,维持厌氧消化罐内恒定的温度。所述厌氧消化后产生的沼气作为能源得到利用,所述厌氧消化罐的内循环系统有效的处理所述厌氧消化罐内产生的浮渣。 In a specific embodiment, the food waste first enters the sorting device 1 for garbage sorting, and removes coarse debris and food waste with low organic matter content; the sorted food waste enters the mechanical crushing device 2 for mechanical crushing; The final kitchen waste enters the material mixing equipment 3 and is fully mixed with the municipal sludge at a certain ratio; the mixed material enters the anaerobic digestion tank 4 for anaerobic digestion, and the anaerobic digestion tank 4 is digested during the digestion process. The mechanical stirring paddle is intermittently stirred to promote anaerobic digestion, and the internal circulation system circulates regularly to eliminate the impact of scum on anaerobic fermentation. According to the signal of the temperature sensor installed in the anaerobic digestion tank, the PLC automatically controls the electric heater 5 to maintain a constant temperature in the anaerobic digestion tank. The biogas generated after the anaerobic digestion is utilized as energy, and the internal circulation system of the anaerobic digestion tank effectively treats the scum generated in the anaerobic digestion tank.

以上内容是结合具体的优选技术方案对本实用新型所作的进一步详细说明,不能认定本实用新型的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本实用新型所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本实用新型构思的前提下,还可以做出若干简单推演或替换,都应当视为属于本实用新型的保护范围。 The above content is a further detailed description of the utility model in combination with specific preferred technical solutions, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the utility model is only limited to these descriptions. For a person of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the utility model belongs, without departing from the concept of the utility model, some simple deduction or substitutions can also be made, which should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (7)

1. a municipal sludge associating anaerobic digestion of kitchen wastes device, is characterized in that: comprise connect successively the size separation equipment for changing food waste (1), for the mechanical crushing appliance (2) of kitchen garbage breaking, the material mixing equipment (3) mixed with changing food waste for municipal sludge and the anaerobic digestor (4) for municipal sludge and changing food waste simultaneous digestion.
2. municipal sludge according to claim 1 associating anaerobic digestion of kitchen wastes device, is characterized in that: described size separation equipment (1) comprises the vibrations grid for rejecting thick foreign material and the low changing food waste of organic content.
3. municipal sludge associating anaerobic digestion of kitchen wastes device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described kitchen garbage breaking equipment (2) comprises the fixed blade (23) of tapering spindle (21), variable-pitch propeller blade (22) and screw arrangement.
4. municipal sludge associating anaerobic digestion of kitchen wastes device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described anaerobic digestor is provided with system flowback equipment in (4), establish skimming plate (41) bottom the collection chamber of anaerobic digestor (4), at scum layer anaerobic digestion tank skin, water pump pipe (42) is installed.
5. municipal sludge associating anaerobic digestion of kitchen wastes device according to claim 4, is characterized in that: size and the shape of described skimming plate (41) are identical with anaerobic digestor transverse section, the hole that plate has.
6. municipal sludge associating anaerobic digestion of kitchen wastes device according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described water pump pipe (42) upper end is positioned at below skimming plate, and lower end passes into anaerobic digestion pot bottom.
7. municipal sludge associating anaerobic digestion of kitchen wastes device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described anaerobic digestor is provided with temperature sensor in (4), and this temperature sensor is connected with plc communication.
CN201420864664.8U 2014-12-29 2014-12-29 Municipal sludge associating anaerobic digestion of kitchen wastes reaction unit Expired - Lifetime CN204385191U (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106698879A (en) * 2016-12-12 2017-05-24 广州恒德环保科技有限公司 Kitchen waste treatment method
CN110452804A (en) * 2019-07-09 2019-11-15 上海市政工程设计研究总院(集团)有限公司 A kind of organic waste dry-type anaerobic digestion device and method
CN113909276A (en) * 2021-11-24 2022-01-11 广东惠科环保科技有限公司 Integrated combined type medium-temperature anaerobic digestion process

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106698879A (en) * 2016-12-12 2017-05-24 广州恒德环保科技有限公司 Kitchen waste treatment method
CN110452804A (en) * 2019-07-09 2019-11-15 上海市政工程设计研究总院(集团)有限公司 A kind of organic waste dry-type anaerobic digestion device and method
CN113909276A (en) * 2021-11-24 2022-01-11 广东惠科环保科技有限公司 Integrated combined type medium-temperature anaerobic digestion process
CN113909276B (en) * 2021-11-24 2023-09-08 广东惠科环保科技有限公司 Integrated combined medium-constant-temperature anaerobic digestion process

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