CN204306012U - A kind of legume-seeds hulling device - Google Patents

Abstract

A bean seed shelling device, comprising a bracket, on which a material collecting part, a grinding and shelling part, a classification air separation part and a material receiving part are fixedly arranged sequentially from top to bottom; the material collecting part, the grinding and shelling part The shell part, the classifying air separation part and the material receiving part are sequentially provided with a material passage for the material to fall vertically along the gravity; the device also includes a grinding hammer, which includes a grinding rod and a grinding rod set at the bottom of the grinding rod. The hammer body, the grinding rod is arranged through the collecting part and the grinding and shelling part, and the hammer body is accommodated in the grinding and shelling part. The utility model realizes the effective collection, grinding and dehulling of the shelled seeds and winnowing collection. The utility model can ensure that the seed coat and endosperm are not damaged, and ensure that the quality and properties of the seeds after shelling are intact and the physiological activity is good. The utility model It can also manually adjust the grinding and shelling strength or the number of cycles of shelling according to the particle size of the seed and the thickness of the seed shell to improve the shelling efficiency.

Description

A bean seed shelling device

technical field

The utility model relates to a bean seed shelling device, which belongs to the technical field of collection and processing of crop seed resources.

Background technique

Bean crops are rich in varieties, are an important source of vegetables and oil crops, and are an important part of crops. Hulling is an important process of bean collection and processing, which has an important impact on the physiological activity and product quality of bean seeds. At present, bean shelling is mainly done by manual shelling or using rolling machinery.

Among them, manual shelling is inefficient, labor-intensive and time-consuming; for the low efficiency of manual shelling, a variety of seed shelling equipment has been designed in the prior art, for example:

Chinese patent CN203040620 discloses a kind of small multifunctional shelling machine, which is composed of a shelling outer cover body (1), a bracket (2), and a panel machine main body (3), and the shelling outer cover body (1) is arranged on the bracket (2) ), the electric pulley (4) of the trigger main body (3) is located at one end of the shelling outer cover (1), the right end of the rotating shaft (5) is connected with the electric pulley (4), and the left end passes through the shelling outer cover (1 ) inner cavity is fixed on the other end of the shelling outer cover body (1) with a rotating bearing (6), and two or more than two connecting rods (7) are arranged on the rotating shaft (5) in the shelling outer cover body (1) And fruit material cleaning hook (10), the two ends of connecting rod (7) are provided with splint (8), and splint (8) is provided with soft fiber leather beating bar (9), and the shelling outer cover body (1) A feed inlet (11) is arranged on the top, a discharge outlet (12) is arranged on the side bottom, and a seed discharge screen (14) is arranged on the bottom. But the shortcoming of this patent is, can only carry out batch cycle grinding for the shelled material, be provided with soft fiber leather beating bar (9) and material to squeeze, grind through splint (8), realize the purpose of shelling, But in application, the distance between the flexible fiber leather beating strip (9) and the shell is relatively large, not only the grinding of mechanical parts is used, but also the force between materials can be used for grinding and shelling , but it is not conducive to the shelling of seeds with small batches and small grain shapes.

Chinese patent CN2662659 discloses a kind of equipment suitable for cottonseed, soybean, sunflower seed and peanut shelling (skin) separation. It is to send the oil to the shelling (skin) machine to peel off the shell (skin) After the split stream flows to the basket sieve and rubs (soybean and sunflower seeds do not need to go through the basket sieve after shelling (husk)), it falls to the kernel shell (hull) separation sieve and is classified and winnowed to make the kernel shell (husk) separate. It is a kind of equipment with high husking (hulling) rate and high production efficiency. It has compact structure and simple and reliable process equipment. It is an ideal equipment for cottonseed and soybean husking (husk) separation. The technical disadvantage of this patent is that the whole volume is huge, which is suitable for the preprocessing of batches of oilseeds. For example, when the equipment is applied to the treatment of bean seeds, the rolling mechanical dehulling often leads to damage to the seed coat and endosperm of the seeds, thus affecting the seeds. quality traits, shelf life and germination vigor.

Chinese patent CN2083956 bean sheller includes a main shaft, a roller connected to the main shaft, a roller, a gear and a support; The manufactured roller sleeve has a plurality of small grooves parallel to the axis of the roller on the surface of the roller, and the rotational speed of the outer circle of the roller is slower than that of the outer circle of the roller. The bean sheller uses two rollers and rollers with opposite directions, different diameters, different materials and different rotating speeds to roll beans, but the gap between the rollers and rollers is not adjustable. Among them, the distance between the two is inconvenient and cannot be fine-tuned according to the diameter of the beans. Although the shell of the beans can be removed, some seeds will be crushed and damaged, so this patent is not applicable to the beans. Shelling.

Chinese patent CN203556407U discloses a bean sheller, which includes an air separation device and a screening device. The air separation device includes a fan, an air storage chamber, and a ventilation net; The outlet of the cavity is covered with a ventilation net, and the screening device includes a sieve, a garbage separator, a vibrator, a recovery chamber, and a baffle. The garbage separator is installed above the ventilation net and does not touch each other, and the ventilation net is connected by a connecting plate A vibrator and a recovery chamber are arranged under the sieve; the processed bean grains and bean shell mixture pass through the ventilation net, the light bean shells can rise with the airflow and enter the garbage separator, and the bean grains and large, heavy bean shells The shells enter the sieve, and the beans can pass through the sieve and enter the recovery chamber below the sieve, so that the beans are separated from the shells, and the cleaning rate and sorting efficiency of beans are improved. This patent is only to air-select the processed bean grains and bean shell mixture, and use the wind direction and the structure of the sieve to clean the beans. However, the wind generation part of the device is at the bottom of the material, and the wind blows from bottom to top. In actual application, the falling materials are likely to block the air duct and increase maintenance costs, and the whole equipment is huge, so it is not suitable for small-scale selection of bean seeds.

Chinese patent CN103623908A is a bean feed shelling grinder, including a frame (1), a feed hopper (2) is installed on the frame (1), and a shell crushing device is installed below the feed hopper (2) (3), the crushing shell device (3) is connected with the belt pulley of the crushing shell motor (4) through a transmission belt, and a belt separation screen (5) is arranged below the outlet of the crushing shell device (3), and the belt separation screen (5) is installed On the belt shaft (6), the belt shaft (6) is installed on the vibrating frame (7), the vibrating frame (7) and the frame (1) are flexibly connected, directly below the discharge end of the belt separating screen (5) It is the feeding port of the crushing device (9). This patent can only separate the bean crops from the husks through the belt separation sieve, and does not carry out preliminary work such as extrusion on the bean crops with shells. It has been stripped and is only suitable for the processing of bean materials, not for the screening of bean seeds.

To sum up, in view of the needs of seed research, it is urgent to design a bean shelling device with high efficiency and no damage to the grain structure, so as to provide a strong guarantee for the resource protection and efficient utilization of bean crops.

Utility model content

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a bean seed shelling device with simple structure, easy operation, high shelling efficiency and little influence on grains.

The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

A bean seed shelling device, comprising a support, on which a collection part, a grinding and shelling part, a classifying air separation part and a material receiving part are fixedly arranged sequentially from top to bottom;

The collecting part, the grinding and shelling part, the classifying air separation part and the receiving part are sequentially provided with a material channel for the material to fall vertically along the gravity;

The device also includes a grinding hammer, which includes a grinding rod and a hammer body arranged at the bottom of the grinding rod, the outer surface of the hammer body is adapted to the shape of the bottom of the grinding and shelling part; the grinding The rod is arranged through the collecting part and the grinding and shelling part, and the hammer body is accommodated in the grinding and shelling part. The utility model is suitable for the shelling treatment of bean seeds, and realizes the effective collection and grinding of shelled seeds by designing an integrated material collection part, grinding and shelling part, grading air separation part and material receiving part from top to bottom Hulling and winnowing collection, the utility model can ensure that the seed coat and endosperm are not damaged, ensure that the quality and properties of the seeds after shelling are intact, and the physiological activity is good. The utility model can also perform artificial Adjust the grinding and shelling strength or cycle shelling times to improve the shelling efficiency.

Preferably according to the present invention, the collection part includes an arc-shaped container, and a first material passage is arranged through the bottom of the arc-shaped container; The material chamber and the semicircular material chamber are connected with a classifying wind separation part at the bottom of the semicircular material chamber. The advantage of the design here is that the collecting part is designed as an arc-shaped container so that the material can be evenly scattered to the surface of the hammer body when the material is put in, so as to avoid the uneven grinding and shelling force caused by the uneven dispersion of the material, which will affect the shelling Efficiency; the bottom of the grinding and shelling part is also provided with a semicircular material cavity, and its structure is adapted to the surface shape of the hammer body, which increases the contact area between the hammer body and the grinding and shelling part to the greatest extent, and improves Grinding husk effect.

Preferably according to the present invention, the receiving part includes double-layered containers arranged concentrically: the outer layer is the first container for containing the husks, and the inner layer is the second container for containing the seeds. The advantage of the design here is that after winnowing, the dry seeds and shells are blown to the first container along the wind direction, and the full seeds fall freely into the second container under the action of gravity. At the same time, it can also play the role of optimizing seeds, one step in place.

Preferably according to the present invention, the first container includes a container wall and a first fixing clip for fixing the second container is arranged in the container wall, and a second fixing clip is arranged on the base for use and fixing the first container on the base. The advantage of the design here is that when receiving the air-selected material, the second container is placed in the first fixing clip of the first container, and then the first container is placed in the second fixing clip of the support base. Clamp it on, and when the winnowing is finished, take out the second container containing the seeds first, then remove the first container from the base, and collect the seeds and shells respectively.

Preferably, according to the present invention, a first semicircular combined cover is provided on the top of the collecting part, and a second semicircular combined cover is provided on the top of the grinding and shelling part. The advantage of the design here is that it prevents the material from spinning out or popping out under the action of the grinding force when grinding and shelling, reducing waste and loss, and reducing environmental pollution; at the same time, the combined cover can be opened at any time, so that the staff can check the material at any time The blanking situation is handled in a timely manner.

Preferably according to the present invention, a guide ring is arranged on the top of the bracket, and a bearing steel ball is arranged inside the guide ring to assist the operation of the grinding rod. The upper part of the grinding rod penetrates through the guide ring, and The top of the grinding rod is provided with a ring handle. The advantage of the design here is that the ring handle is convenient to control the grinding rod to rotate the hammer body, so as to achieve the effect of grinding and peeling.

A fixing bolt is arranged on the outside of the collecting part, and the position of the collecting part on the bracket is adjusted through the fixing bolt, and a bolt holder is arranged on the bracket. The advantage of the design here is to position the fixing bolt of the collecting part, prevent the first material channel of the collecting part from touching the hammer body of the grinding hammer and affect the operation of the grinding hammer, and adjust the fixing bolt to the bolt before grinding and shelling. Holder, make the bottom end of the first material channel of the material collection part parallel to the second semicircle combination cover of the grinding and shelling part. After grinding and shelling, adjust the fixing bolt upwards until the first semicircular combination cover of the collecting part is close to the guide ring of the bracket, and the grinding hammer can be lifted upwards, so that the stop pin passes through the guide ring and is stuck on the guide ring , to facilitate the removal of residual materials in the grinding and shelling part.

Preferably according to the present invention, a stop pin is arranged on the upper part of the grinding rod. The advantage of the design here is that by setting the stop pin on the grinding rod, it is convenient to lift the whole grinding hammer and fix it in the air, increase the gap distance between the grinding hammer and the grinding and shelling part, and promote the remaining materials to fall into the The material receiving part is convenient for device cleaning and residual material collection.

Preferably, according to the present utility model, the classification air separation part includes an air source pipe, an air speed regulating valve, an annular air outlet and a second material channel. The advantage of the design here is that according to the particle shape (i.e. mass and surface area ratio) characteristics of the seeds, the wind speed of the annular air outlet of the second material passage is controlled by the wind speed regulating valve, so that the seeds and shells that fall vertically through the second material passage The body can receive the effect of winnowing.

Preferably, according to the utility model, the hammer body of the grinding hammer is spherical, and convex structures are evenly distributed on the surface of the hammer body. The advantage of the design here is to increase the grinding effect, reduce the grinding force, reduce the grinding dead angle, and ensure the shelling effect.

Preferably, according to the present invention, the protrusion structures are arranged in a spiral shape on the surface of the grinding hammer. The advantage of the design here is that a material spiral channel is designed between the spirally arranged convex structures, so that the material can hang down along the spiral guide after receiving a single grinding, increasing the grinding path of the material, and effectively To the effect of complete shelling.

Preferably, according to the present invention, the said protruding structure is in the shape of a semicircle as a whole. The advantage of the design here is that the semicircular protruding structure described here is made of moderately hard plastic material, which has little physical damage to the material and can prolong the service life of the grinding hammer and the semicircular material cavity.

The utility model has the advantages of:

1. The shelling device of this utility model can change the speed of the rotating shaft according to the characteristics of different bean shells, and is suitable for a variety of bean crops, especially for bean crops with thin shells and small grain shapes. .

2. The utility model provides a device with simple structure and easy operation, which is suitable for shelling treatment of bean seeds. The part realizes the effective collection, grinding and dehulling of the shelled seeds and winnowing sorting, with high dehulling efficiency and little impact on the grains. The utility model can ensure that the seed coat and endosperm are not damaged, and ensure that the quality traits, storage life and germination activity of the seeds after shelling are not affected. The utility model can also manually adjust the grinding according to the particle size of the seeds and the thickness of the seed shell The shelling strength or the number of shelling cycles can improve the shelling efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of shelling device described in the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of support described in the utility model;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of grinding hammer described in the utility model;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the grinding hammer described in the present invention, wherein the grinding rod is provided with a stop pin;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the collecting part of the present invention, wherein the first semicircular combined cover is in a closed state;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the collecting part of the present invention, wherein the first semicircular combined cover is in an open state;

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the grinding and shelling part of the present invention, wherein the second semicircular combined cover is in a closed state;

Fig. 8 is the first container in the receiving part of the utility model;

Fig. 9 is the second container in the receiving part of the utility model.

In Figure 1-9,

1. Bracket; 1-1. Guide ring; 1-2. Bolt support; 1-3. Base; 1-4. Second fixing clip;

2. Collecting part; 2-1, arc container; 2-2, first material channel; 2-3, first semicircle combination cover; 2-4, fixed bolt;

3. Grinding and shelling part; 3-1, frustum-shaped material cavity; 3-2, semicircular material cavity; 3-3, second semicircular combination cover; 3-4, auxiliary fixing bracket;

4. Classification air separation part; 4-1, air source pipe; 4-2, second material channel; 4-3, wind speed regulating valve; 4-4, annular air outlet;

5. Receiving section; 5-1. The first container; 5-2. The second container; 5-3. The first fixing clip;

6. Grinding hammer; 6-1, grinding rod; 6-2, hammer body; 6-3, raised structure; 6-4, stop pin; 6-5, ring handle.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in detail, but not limited thereto.

As shown in Figure 1-9.

Embodiment 1,

A bean seed shelling device, comprising a support 1, on which a collection part 2, a grinding and shelling part 3, a classifying wind separation part 4 and a material receiving part 5 are fixedly arranged sequentially from top to bottom;

The material collection part 2, the grinding and shelling part 3, the classifying air separation part 4 and the material receiving part 5 are sequentially provided with a material channel for the material to fall vertically along the gravity;

The device also includes a grinding hammer 6, the grinding hammer 6 includes a grinding rod 6-1 and a hammer body 6-2 arranged at the bottom of the grinding rod 6-1, the outer surface of the hammer body 6-2 is in contact with the The shape of the bottom of the grinding and shelling part 3 is suitable; the grinding rod 6-1 is arranged through the collecting part and the grinding and shelling part 3, and the hammer body 6-2 is accommodated in the grinding and shelling part 3 Inside.

The material collection part 2 includes an arc-shaped container 2-1, and a first material channel 2-2 is provided through the bottom of the arc-shaped container 2-1; the grinding and shelling part 3 is sequentially arranged from top to bottom A frustum-shaped material chamber 3-1 and a semicircular material chamber 3-2 are provided, and a classifying wind separation part 4 is connected through the bottom of the semicircular material chamber 3-2.

The receiving part 5 includes concentrically arranged double-layered containers: the outer layer is the first container 5-1 for containing the husks, and the inner layer is the second container 5-2 for containing the seeds.

The classification air separation part 4 includes an air source pipe 4-1, an air speed regulating valve 4-3, an annular air outlet 4-4 and a second material channel 4-2.

The hammer body 6-2 of the grinding hammer 6 is spherical, and the surface of the hammer body 6-2 is evenly distributed with convex structures 6-3.

Embodiment 2,

A bean seed shelling device as described in Example 1, the difference is that the first container 5-1 includes a container wall and a device for fixing the second container 5-2 is arranged in the container wall. The first fixing clip 5-3 is provided on the base 1-3, and the second fixing clip 1-4 is arranged on the base 1-3 for fixing the first container 5-1 on the base 1-3.

Embodiment 3,

A kind of bean seed shelling device as described in Example 1, the difference is that a first semicircle combination cover 2-3 is arranged on the top of the collection part 2, and A second semicircular combination cover 3-3 is provided.

A guide ring 1-1 is provided on the top of the bracket 1, and a bearing steel ball is arranged inside the guide ring 1-1 to assist the operation of the grinding rod. The upper part of the grinding rod 6-1 runs through the guide ring 1 -1, a ring handle 6-5 is provided on the top of the grinding rod 6-1;

A fixing bolt 2-4 is arranged on the outside of the collecting part 2, and the position of the collecting part 2 on the bracket 1 is adjusted through the fixing bolt 2-4, and a bolt holder 1-2 is arranged on the bracket.

A stop pin 6-4 is arranged on the upper part of the grinding rod 6-1.

Embodiment 4,

A bean seed shelling device as described in Example 1, the difference is that the protruding structures 6-3 are arranged in a spiral shape on the surface of the grinding hammer 6 .

The protruding structure 6-3 is in the shape of a semicircle as a whole.

A kind of working method of bean seed shelling device as described in embodiment 1-4, comprises steps as follows:

1) The hammer body 6-2 of the grinding hammer 6 is completely placed in the grinding and shelling part 3, and the fixing bolt 2-4 of the collecting part 2 is adjusted to the bolt holder 1-2 and fixed, so that The bottom end of the first material channel 2-2 of the collecting part 2 is parallel to the second semicircular combination cover 3-3 of the grinding and shelling part 3;

2) Open the air source pipe 4-1 of the classification wind separation part 4, and adjust the wind speed regulating valve 4-3 according to the morphological characteristics of the beans seeds;

3) Open the first semicircle combination cover 2-3 of the collection part 2, and add shelled bean seeds in the collection part 2;

4) Drive the rotary grinding hammer 6 by driving the grinding rod 6-1, so that the shelled bean seeds are clamped between the grinding and shelling part 3 and the grinding hammer 6, and the bean seeds are made by rotating the grinding hammer 6. The seeds are broken and the shells are separated;

5) Drive the grinding hammer 6 repeatedly, so that the shell and bean seeds ground in step (4) fall into the classification wind separation part along the gap between the grinding and shelling part 3 and the grinding hammer 6 within 4;

6) When the housing and the bean seeds pass through the classification air separation unit 4, the annular air outlet 4-4 in the second material channel 4-2 blows the housing and the bean seeds apart, and the bean seeds The mass and surface area of the shell are relatively large, and it falls vertically into the second container 5-2. The weight and surface area of the shell are relatively small, and it is blown into the first container 5-1 by the air source, thereby realizing the bean seeds. Shelling treatment;

7) After the husking process is completed, close the air source pipe 4-1 of the classification air separation unit 4, and take out the second container 5-2 for containing the seeds;

8) Adjust the fixed bolt 2-4 of the collecting part 2 upwards, open the second semicircular combination cover 3-3 of the grinding and shelling part 3, and then lift the grinding hammer 6 upwards to make the stop pin 6- 4 On the guide ring 1-1, the remaining materials fall into the first container 5-1;

9) Remove the first container 5-1 from the base 1-3, and collect the shell and remaining materials.

The working method of the bean seed shelling device is different in that, after step 7) is completed, the fixed bolt 2-4 of the collecting part 2 is adjusted upwards, and the second semicircle combination cover 3-4 of the grinding and shelling part 3 is opened. 3. Lift the grinding hammer 6 upwards so that the stop pin 6-4 is stuck on the guide ring 1-1, place the grinding hammer 6 in the air above the grinding and shelling part 3, and use All the residual materials in the grinding and shelling part 3 are removed.

After the shelling treatment in step 5), the unhulled bean seeds can also be continuously processed according to steps 3) to 6).

When cleaning the grinding hammer, the second semicircular combination cover 3-3 provided on the top of the grinding and shelling part 3 is opened to clean the surface of the hammer body 6-2.

Claims (8)

1. A bean seed shelling device, characterized in that it comprises a support, and the support is fixedly arranged with a collection part, a grinding and shelling part, a grading wind separation part and a material receiving part in turn from top to bottom in the support; The collecting part, the grinding and shelling part, the classifying air separation part and the receiving part are sequentially provided with a material channel for the material to fall vertically along the gravity; The device also includes a grinding hammer, which includes a grinding rod and a hammer body arranged at the bottom of the grinding rod, the outer surface of the hammer body is adapted to the shape of the bottom of the grinding and shelling part; the grinding The rod is arranged through the collecting part and the grinding and shelling part, and the hammer body is accommodated in the grinding and shelling part. 2. A bean seed shelling device according to claim 1, wherein the collection part comprises an arc-shaped container, and a first material passage is provided through the bottom of the arc-shaped container; The above-mentioned grinding and shelling part is provided with a frustum-shaped material cavity and a semicircular material cavity in sequence from top to bottom, and a classification wind separation part is connected through the bottom of the semicircular material cavity. 3. A kind of bean seed shelling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the receiving part comprises a concentrically arranged double-layer container: the outer layer is the first container for containing the shell skin, and the inner layer is the first container for containing the shell. Second container for seeds. 4. A kind of beans seed shelling device according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described first container comprises container wall and is provided with a first fixing for fixing second container in described container wall clip, the bean seed shelling device further includes a base, and a second fixing clip is arranged on the base for fixing the first container on the base. 5. A kind of bean seed shelling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, a first semicircular combination cover is arranged on the top of the collection part, and a second semicircular combined cover is arranged on the top of the grinding and shelling part. Two semicircular combination covers. 6. A kind of bean seed shelling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, a guide ring is arranged on the top of the support, and a bearing steel ball is arranged on the inner side of the guide ring to assist the operation of the grinding rod. The upper part of the grinding rod runs through the guide ring, and a ring handle is arranged on the top of the grinding rod; a fixing bolt is arranged outside the collecting part, and the position of the collecting part on the bracket is adjusted by the fixing bolt , A bolt is set on the bracket; a stop pin is set on the upper part of the grinding rod. 7 . The bean seed shelling device according to claim 1 , characterized in that, the classifying air separation part comprises an air source pipe, an air speed regulating valve, an annular air outlet and a second material channel. 8 . 8. a kind of bean seed shelling device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the hammer body of described grinding hammer is spherical, is evenly distributed with protruding structure on the surface of described hammer body; The protruding structures are arranged in a spiral shape on the surface of the grinding hammer; the protruding structures are semicircular as a whole.