CN204235896U - A kind of three-dimensional printer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of printing equipment, in particular to a three-dimensional printer. The three-dimensional printer includes a frame, a print head assembly and a drive mechanism, and the print head assembly is movably installed on the frame; the drive mechanism includes a first motor, a second motor, a first transmission belt and a second transmission belt; Both the first motor and the second motor are fixed on the frame; the first motor is connected with the print head assembly through the first transmission belt; the second motor is connected with the print head assembly through the second transmission belt. The three-dimensional printer of the utility model can control the printing head assembly to carry out vector movement in the plane, thereby improving the printing accuracy and printing speed; moreover, the two driving motors are fixedly installed, which avoids the interference caused by vibration; at the same time, the three-dimensional printer It can surpass the bottleneck of the working surface size of many existing traditional printers, and can create a printer with a larger format under the premise of ensuring accuracy.

Description

A three-dimensional printer

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of printing equipment, in particular to a three-dimensional printer.

Background technique

At present, the current hot melt deposition type (English abbreviation is FDM, English full name is Fused Deposition Manufacture) 3D printers are developing rapidly, and many different forms of printers have been produced, but generally the XY axis plane motion modes in printers can be summarized into the following two types : Type A and Type B.

As shown in Figure 1, Type A adopts the traditional "gantry" prototype structure. The principle of its XY-axis plane movement is: the second motor 32 is connected with the print head assembly 2 through the X-axis synchronous belt 8, and the print head assembly 2 is driven along the X-axis by the second motor 32 on the upper part of the gantry beam; correspondingly, the first A motor 31 is connected with the printing tray 5 through the Y-axis timing belt 7, and the printing tray 5 is driven along the Y-axis by the first motor 31 on one side of the gantry column 6.

The main disadvantage of the A-type structure is that as the printing model is gradually generated and increased, the overall weight of the printing tray will gradually increase, resulting in a larger momentum of the Y-axis moving unit, thereby increasing the Y-axis drive unit. load. As a result, the print quality in the Y-axis direction is reduced; in addition, the print tray moves up and down along the Z-axis direction together with the Y-axis drive module, which will be disturbed by the stability of the Z-axis movement, so that the print quality is affected by the Y-axis and Z-axis. The additive effects of motion errors are reduced.

As shown in Figure 2, the B-type structure is another typical structure. Its working principle is: the print head assembly 5 is driven along the X-axis by the second motor 32 on one side, the print head assembly 5 and its drive unit form a Y-axis assembly module, and the first motor 31 drives along the Y-axis drive.

Like the A-type structure, because the mass of the overall moving unit formed by the print head assembly and the X-axis assembly is too large, its momentum is too large, which increases the load on the Y-axis drive motor, thereby reducing the printing quality and speed. However, because the movement of the printing tray of the B-type structure in the Z-axis direction is relatively independent, and it is not interfered by any part in the XY-axis, it is better than the A-type structure in this respect.

At the same time, the common shortcomings of the above-mentioned Type A and Type B, in addition to the large mass of the mobile unit, also have:

(1) Due to the unequal mass driven by the X-axis and Y-axis motors, the accuracy of the two axes in the XY geometric plane is inconsistent. For example, if you print a regular cylinder model, the output of these two structures is an ellipsoid that approximates a cylinder due to the unbalanced traction force on the XY two axes.

(2) Due to the complex design of the X-axis or Y-axis moving unit, if the printing area is to be increased, the mass of a certain unit will increase exponentially, resulting in a more complex design of the overall mechanism, which is not suitable for developing into a large printing size FDM printers. At present, the output size of the printer adopting the above two structures is within 30 centimeters in both the X-axis and Y-axis directions.

(3) Since the drive motor moves with the mobile unit, the vibration generated when the motor rotates forward and reverse will interfere with the working accuracy. In addition, since the motor cable needs to be repeatedly bent with the movement of the motor, metal fatigue will cause the motor cable to break.

Therefore, in view of the above deficiencies, there is a need for a three-dimensional printer capable of controlling the vector movement of the print head assembly in a plane, improving printing accuracy and printing speed, and reducing printing load and vibration interference.

Utility model content

(1) Technical problems to be solved

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to solve the problems of large printing load, low printing accuracy and printing speed, and serious interference between various components in the printing process in the existing printer.

(2) Technical solutions

In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a three-dimensional printer, including:

frame;

a print head assembly, the print head assembly is movably mounted on the frame;

A drive mechanism, the drive mechanism includes a first motor, a second motor, a first transmission belt and a second transmission belt; the first motor and the second motor are fixed on the frame; the first motor passes through the first transmission belt and the second transmission belt; The print head assembly is connected; the second motor is connected with the print head assembly through a second transmission belt.

Wherein, Y-axis guide rails are respectively provided on both sides of the frame, and an X-axis guide rail is slidably connected between the two Y-axis guide rails; the print head assembly is slidably connected to the X-axis guide rails.

Wherein, the first transmission belt is tensioned by the first transmission wheel, the rotating shaft of the first motor, the second transmission wheel, the third transmission wheel and the fourth transmission wheel, and both ends of the first transmission belt are connected to the printer. Head assembly; the second transmission belt is tensioned through the fifth transmission wheel, the rotating shaft of the second motor, the sixth transmission wheel, the seventh transmission wheel and the eighth transmission wheel, and both ends of the second transmission belt are connected on the printhead assembly.

Wherein, the first transmission wheel and the fifth transmission wheel are respectively located at one end of the X-axis guide rail; the fourth transmission wheel and the eighth transmission wheel are respectively located at the other end of the X-axis guide rail; the second transmission wheel and the sixth transmission wheel are respectively located at one corner of the frame; the third transmission wheel and the seventh transmission wheel are respectively located at the other corner of the frame.

Wherein, the first transmission wheel, the second transmission wheel, the fifth transmission wheel and the sixth transmission wheel are respectively arranged along the axial direction of the Y-axis guide rail corresponding to the first motor.

Wherein, the third transmission wheel, the fourth transmission wheel, the seventh transmission wheel and the eighth transmission wheel are respectively arranged along the axial direction of the Y-axis guide rail corresponding to the second motor.

Wherein, the first transmission belt is located above the second transmission belt.

Wherein, it also includes a printing tray and a lifting mechanism, and the printing tray is located under the print head assembly through the lifting mechanism.

Wherein, the frame is a cube frame.

Wherein, the first motor and the second motor are respectively fixed on the same side of the cube frame.

(3) Beneficial effects

The above-mentioned technical solution of the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the 3D printer of the utility model can control the vector movement of the print head assembly in the plane, thereby effectively improving the printing accuracy and printing speed; moreover, the two driving motors are fixedly installed Mode, the vibration generated when the motor rotates forward and backward will not be superimposed on the mobile unit, avoiding the interference caused by the vibration; at the same time, this structure of the utility model can also exceed the size of the working surface of many existing traditional printers The bottleneck, on the premise of ensuring accuracy, is conducive to creating a larger format printer.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing A-type printer;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of existing B-type printer;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional printer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a perspective view of a three-dimensional printer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a top view of a three-dimensional printer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Among them, 1: frame; 2: print head assembly; 3: drive mechanism; 5: print tray; 6: gantry column; 7: Y-axis synchronous belt; 8: X-axis synchronous belt; : X-axis guide rail; 31: first motor; 32: second motor; 33: first transmission belt; 34: second transmission belt; 41: first transmission wheel; 42: second transmission wheel; 43: third transmission wheel; 44: the fourth transmission wheel; 45: the fifth transmission wheel; 46: the sixth transmission wheel; 47: the seventh transmission wheel; 48: the eighth transmission wheel.

Detailed ways

The implementation of the present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the utility model, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer" ", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description. It does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In addition, in the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, or It can be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model in specific situations.

As shown in Figures 3-5, a three-dimensional printer provided in this embodiment includes a frame 1, a print head assembly 2, and a drive mechanism 3; the print head assembly 2 is movably installed on the frame 1, where the print head The moving mode of the head assembly 2 is not limited to a certain specific structure, for example: it can be vector-moved on the printing plane (that is, the geometric plane where the X-axis and the Y-axis are located) through guide rails, sliding sleeves, etc.; and the driving mechanism 3 includes The first motor 31, the second motor 32, the first transmission belt 33 and the second transmission belt 34; wherein, the first motor 31 and the second motor 32 are all fixed on the frame 1, and the two motors adopt a fixed installation mode. The vibration generated during reversing will not be superimposed on the mobile unit, which avoids the interference caused by the vibration. At the same time, the first motor 31 is connected with the print head assembly 2 through the first transmission belt 33; correspondingly, the second motor 32 is connected with the print head assembly 2 through the second transmission belt 34, so that the phase between the two motors can be controlled. The difference achieves the purpose of controlling the vector movement of the print head assembly 2 in the plane.

It is worth noting that the principle of this embodiment is that the dual motors control the movement of the print head assembly 2 on the printing plane through the "step difference" mode. The two motors are both fixed, and drive the conveyor belt through the rotating shafts at their respective ends, and then pull the vector movement of the printing head assembly 2 on the X-axis and Y-axis. And as for the positional relationship and the connection form of the first motor 31, the second motor 32, the first transmission belt 33 and the second transmission belt 34, there can be many kinds, as long as the above-mentioned effects can be satisfied. One of the preferred ways is described below:

Both sides of the frame 1 are provided with Y-axis guide rails 11, and the first motor 31 and the second motor 32 are respectively located at one end of the Y-axis guide rails 11; and an X-axis guide rail 12 is slidably connected between the two Y-axis guide rails 11 . Specifically, the X-axis guide rail 12 and the Y-axis guide rail 11 are vertically arranged, and the X-axis guide rail 12 can be connected with the Y-axis guide rail 11 through a sliding sleeve. chute, as long as the X-axis guide rail 12 can move on the X-axis guide rail 12. At the same time, the print head assembly 2 is also slidingly connected to the X-axis guide rail 12, the print head assembly 2 can slide along the axial direction of the X-axis guide rail 12, and the print head assembly 2 is controlled by the first motor 31 and the second motor 32. Vector movement in print plane.

Further, the first transmission belt 33 is tensioned by the first transmission wheel 41, the rotating shaft of the first motor 31, the second transmission wheel 42, the third transmission wheel 43 and the fourth transmission wheel 44, and the two ends of the first transmission belt 33 Both are connected to the print head assembly 2, and are connected to the print head assembly 2 to form a closed-loop structure. Correspondingly, the second transmission belt 34 and the first transmission belt 33 are arranged in a cross-braided manner (both will not interfere with each other), and the second transmission belt 34 passes through the fifth transmission wheel 45, the rotating shaft of the second motor 32, the sixth transmission wheel 46. The seventh transmission wheel 47 and the eighth transmission wheel 48 are tensioned, and both ends of the second transmission belt 34 are connected to the print head assembly 2 to form a closed-loop structure. On the premise of ensuring that the print head assembly 2 can perform vector motion in the plane, the specific position of each transmission wheel can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs, and is not limited to a specific position.

Preferably, the first transmission wheel 41 and the fifth transmission wheel 45 are respectively located at one end of the X-axis guide rail 12, and the fourth transmission wheel 44 and the eighth transmission wheel 48 are respectively located at the other end of the X-axis guide rail 12; the second transmission wheel 42, The sixth transmission wheel 46 is respectively located at one corner of the frame 1 ; the third transmission wheel 43 and the seventh transmission wheel 47 are respectively located at the other corner of the frame 1 .

Moreover, the first transmission wheel 41 , the second transmission wheel 42 , the fifth transmission wheel 45 and the sixth transmission wheel 46 are respectively arranged along the axial direction of the Y-axis guide rail 11 corresponding to the first motor 31 . The third transmission wheel 43 , the fourth transmission wheel 44 , the seventh transmission wheel 47 and the eighth transmission wheel 48 are respectively arranged along the axial direction of the Y-axis guide rail 11 corresponding to the second motor 32 .

When this embodiment is working, it is assumed that the displacement of the first transmission belt 33 is △A, and the displacement of the second transmission belt 34 is ΔB. Combined with the relevant theory of the movement track of the print head assembly 2 and the phase difference, it can be obtained: print head The moving vector △X=1/2(△A+△B) of the assembly 2 in the X-axis direction (the axial direction of the X-axis guide rail 12); Axial) movement vector △Y=1/2(△A－△B).

In order to avoid interference between the various transmission belts, the first transmission belt 33 and the second transmission belt 34 are distributed vertically up and down. For example, the first transmission belt 33 is located above the second transmission belt 34 ; of course, it is also possible that the second transmission belt 34 is located above the first transmission belt 33 .

The three-dimensional printer in this embodiment also includes a printing tray 5 and a lifting mechanism, and the printing tray 5 is located below the print head assembly 2 through the lifting mechanism. The printing tray 5 is set separately and can move up and down under the print head assembly 2, so as not to increase the printing load. There can be various forms of the lifting mechanism, for example, another motor and a lifting guide rail can be added to drive the printing tray 5 .

Preferably, the frame 1 is a cube frame, and the first motor 31 and the second motor 32 are respectively fixed on the same side of the cube frame, for example, the first motor 31 is located at a corner of the top of the frame 1, and the second motor 32 is located at the top of the frame 1. The other corner on top of Rack 1.

The three-dimensional printer can be applied to the MPP standard three-dimensional printer series and the large-format MEGA three-dimensional printer series developed by the applicant. A 3D printer using this technology can solve the contradictory problems of speed, accuracy and volume limitations in FDM technology. At the same time, because the motor driving the XY axis has no displacement during work, the noise is greatly reduced, and it can be used in general office space. With this structure, in the MEGA series developed by the applicant, the printing size is already greater than 50 cm, and can even be larger. Moreover, the theoretical precision of the overall mechanical design is 0.01mm. After many experiments and measurements, the actual working accuracy of this structure is within 0.1 mm in all directions, far exceeding other structures of the same type.

In summary, the 3D printer of the utility model can control the vector movement of the print head assembly in the plane, thereby effectively improving the printing accuracy and printing speed; moreover, the two drive motors are fixed installation mode, and when the motor rotates positively and negatively The vibration generated during the operation will not be superimposed on the mobile unit, which avoids the interference caused by the vibration; at the same time, this structure of the utility model can also surpass the bottleneck of the size of the working surface of many existing traditional printers, on the premise of ensuring the accuracy Next, it is beneficial to create a larger format printer.

The embodiments of the invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description, but are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to better explain the principle and practical application of the invention, and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for particular purposes.

Claims (10)

1. A three-dimensional printer, characterized in that, comprising: Rack(1); A print head assembly (2), the print head assembly (2) is movably mounted on the frame (1); A drive mechanism (3), the drive mechanism (3) comprising a first motor (31), a second motor (32), a first transmission belt (33) and a second transmission belt (34); the first motor (31) and the second motor (32) are fixed on the frame (1); the first motor (31) is connected to the print head assembly (2) through the first transmission belt (33); the second motor (32) It is connected with the print head assembly (2) through the second transmission belt (34). 2. The three-dimensional printer according to claim 1, characterized in that Y-axis guide rails (11) are respectively provided on both sides of the frame (1), and are slidably connected between the two Y-axis guide rails (11) There is an X-axis guide rail (12); the print head assembly (2) is slidingly connected to the X-axis guide rail (12). 3. The three-dimensional printer according to claim 2, characterized in that, the first transmission belt (33) passes through the first transmission wheel (41), the rotating shaft of the first motor (31), the second transmission wheel (42), The third transmission wheel (43) and the fourth transmission wheel (44) are tensioned, and both ends of the first transmission belt (33) are connected to the print head assembly (2); the second transmission belt (34) The fifth transmission wheel (45), the rotating shaft of the second motor (32), the sixth transmission wheel (46), the seventh transmission wheel (47) and the eighth transmission wheel (48) are tensioned, and the second Both ends of the transmission belt (34) are connected to the print head assembly (2). 4. The three-dimensional printer according to claim 3, characterized in that, the first transmission wheel (41) and the fifth transmission wheel (45) are located at one end of the X-axis guide rail (12) respectively; The transmission wheel (44) and the eighth transmission wheel (48) are located at the other end of the X-axis guide rail (12); the second transmission wheel (42) and the sixth transmission wheel (46) are respectively located at the frame (1) at one corner; the third transmission wheel (43) and the seventh transmission wheel (47) are respectively located at the other corner of the frame (1). 5. The three-dimensional printer according to claim 4, characterized in that, the first transmission wheel (41), the second transmission wheel (42), the fifth transmission wheel (45) and the sixth transmission wheel (46) respectively Arrange along the axial direction of the Y-axis guide rail (11) corresponding to the first motor (31). 6. The three-dimensional printer according to claim 4, characterized in that, the third transmission wheel (43), the fourth transmission wheel (44), the seventh transmission wheel (47) and the eighth transmission wheel (48) respectively Arrange along the axial direction of the Y-axis guide rail (11) corresponding to the second motor (32). 7. The three-dimensional printer according to claim 4, characterized in that, the first transmission belt (33) is located above the second transmission belt (34). 8. The three-dimensional printer according to any one of claims 1-7, further comprising a printing tray (5) and a lifting mechanism, the printing tray (5) is positioned at the print head assembly (2) by the lifting mechanism ) below. 9. The three-dimensional printer according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, the frame (1) is a cube frame. 10. The three-dimensional printer according to claim 9, characterized in that, the first motor (31) and the second motor (32) are respectively fixed on the same side of the cube frame.