CN204184308U - A kind of gaseous combustion producer for safe automobile air bag - Google Patents
A kind of gaseous combustion producer for safe automobile air bag Download PDFInfo
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- CN204184308U CN204184308U CN201420510736.9U CN201420510736U CN204184308U CN 204184308 U CN204184308 U CN 204184308U CN 201420510736 U CN201420510736 U CN 201420510736U CN 204184308 U CN204184308 U CN 204184308U
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 208000012260 Accidental injury Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010039203 Road traffic accident Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 sodium nitride Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种用于汽车安全气囊的混合式气体燃烧发生器。本实用新型将微燃烧技术应用于气囊的气体燃烧发生器，与原有的固体燃料燃烧发生器共同作用，提高安全气囊点火、充气系统的可靠性。该装置包括气囊引爆装置和微燃烧系统；汽车发生事故时，能根据恶劣程度，触发相应的点火系统发生作用，控制气囊内部产生气体的速率，从而更好地保护驾乘人员，最大程度地降低事故的伤害率。
The utility model relates to a hybrid gas combustion generator used for an automobile safety air bag. The utility model applies the micro-combustion technology to the gas combustion generator of the airbag, and cooperates with the original solid fuel combustion generator to improve the reliability of the ignition and inflation system of the safety airbag. The device includes an airbag detonation device and a micro-combustion system; when a car accident occurs, it can trigger the corresponding ignition system to take effect according to the severity of the car, and control the rate of gas generated inside the airbag, so as to better protect the driver and passengers and minimize Accident injury rate.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型涉及一种用于汽车安全气囊的气体燃烧发生器，具体涉及一种引入了微燃烧技术的用于汽车安全气囊的气体燃烧发生器。 The utility model relates to a gas combustion generator for automobile safety airbags, in particular to a gas combustion generator for automobile safety airbags which introduces micro-combustion technology.
背景技术 Background technique
微尺度燃烧是预混气体在有限空间内进行燃烧反应发出光和热的剧烈反应，通常在立方厘米数量级的容积内发生。上世纪90年代中期MIT的Epstein教授最早开始了相关的研究，成功实现了微尺度下氢气和氧气的预混合稳定燃烧。近年来，随着微系统的发展和微加工技术的进步，微尺度燃烧技术获得迅速发展。基于微尺度燃烧技术的微燃烧器具有占用空间小，反应时间可控，能运用于对反应时间有严苛要求的汽车安全气囊气体发生器。安全气囊一般由传感器(sensor)、电控单元（EUC）、气体发生器(inflator)、气囊(bag)、续流器(clockspring)等组成。当汽车发生事故时，传感器感受汽车碰撞强度，并将感受到的信号传送到控制器，控制器接收传感器的信号并进行处理，当它判断有必要打开气囊时，立即发出点火信号以触发气体发生器，气体发生器接收到点火信号后，迅速点火井产生大量气体给气囊充气。据计算，正规的安全气囊必须在发生汽车碰撞后的0.01秒内微处理器开始工作，0.03秒内点火装置启动，0.05秒内高压气体进入气囊，0.08秒内气囊向外膨胀，0.11秒内气囊完全胀大，此刻之后，驾车者才会撞上气囊。目前，多采用的是单级点火系统，气体燃烧发生器中采取的是固体燃料氮化钠（NaN3）。这在应用中存在一些缺点： Micro-scale combustion is a violent reaction in which premixed gas undergoes a combustion reaction in a limited space to emit light and heat, usually within a volume of the order of cubic centimeters. In the mid-1990s, Professor Epstein of MIT first started related research, and successfully realized the premixed and stable combustion of hydrogen and oxygen at the microscale. In recent years, with the development of microsystems and the advancement of microfabrication technology, microscale combustion technology has developed rapidly. The micro-combustor based on the micro-scale combustion technology has a small footprint and a controllable response time, which can be applied to the automotive airbag gas generator that has strict requirements on the response time. An airbag is generally composed of a sensor, an electronic control unit (EUC), an inflator, an airbag, and a clockspring. When a car has an accident, the sensor senses the intensity of the car’s collision and transmits the sensed signal to the controller. The controller receives the signal from the sensor and processes it. When it judges that it is necessary to open the airbag, it immediately sends an ignition signal to trigger the gas generation After the gas generator receives the ignition signal, it will quickly ignite and generate a large amount of gas to inflate the airbag. According to calculations, a regular airbag must start working within 0.01 seconds after a car collision, the ignition device should start within 0.03 seconds, high-pressure gas enters the airbag within 0.05 seconds, the airbag expands outward within 0.08 seconds, and the airbag must be activated within 0.11 seconds. Fully inflated, after this moment, the motorist hits the airbag. At present, the single-stage ignition system is mostly used, and the solid fuel sodium nitride (NaN 3 ) is used in the gas combustion generator. This has some disadvantages in application:
（1） NaN3 接触到水分会失去活性，这样在事故发生时会阻碍其点火，达不到应有的作用；并且燃料反应后会产生一定的有害物质。 (1) NaN 3 will lose its activity when exposed to water, which will hinder its ignition in the event of an accident and fail to achieve its due effect; and certain harmful substances will be produced after the fuel reacts.
（2） 固体燃料引爆后给气囊充气的剧烈程度要高于气体燃料，这样在较轻事故场合，气囊膨胀的冲击力会对驾乘人员造成一定的伤害。 (2) After the solid fuel is detonated, the intensity of inflating the airbag is higher than that of the gaseous fuel. In this way, in the event of a minor accident, the impact force of the airbag inflation will cause certain injuries to the driver and passengers.
（3） 在发生严重事故的场合，单级气体发生器系统往往不能满足气囊应有的安全可靠性的要求。 (3) In the event of a serious accident, the single-stage gas generator system often cannot meet the safety and reliability requirements of the airbag.
因此在现有技术的基础上，将微尺度燃烧技术应用于气体发生器系统，将有如下改进： Therefore, on the basis of the existing technology, applying the micro-scale combustion technology to the gas generator system will have the following improvements:
（1） 气体燃料保质期较长，不易失效；且有些气体燃料燃烧后不会产生有害物质。 (1) Gas fuel has a long shelf life and is not easy to fail; and some gas fuels will not produce harmful substances after burning.
（2） 引入微燃烧技术，采用双级气体燃烧发生器系统。可以根据事故的恶劣程度选择不同的气体发生方式。这样，在发生较轻的交通事故时，气体燃料燃烧，气体充满气囊会减小对驾乘人员的冲击力，防止造成事故外的伤害。 (2) Introduce micro-combustion technology and adopt a two-stage gas combustion generator system. Different gas generation methods can be selected according to the severity of the accident. Like this, when lighter traffic accident takes place, gaseous fuel burns, and gas is filled with air bag and can reduce the impact force to driver and occupant, prevents from causing the injury outside the accident.
（3） 当事故较严重时，两级系统同时作用，相辅相成，使得点火、气体生成速率以及气体充满气囊过程这一系列的时间再进一步缩短更适用于严重的事故场合。 (3) When the accident is serious, the two-stage system works at the same time and complements each other, so that the series of time of ignition, gas generation rate and gas filling the airbag process can be further shortened, which is more suitable for serious accidents.
实用新型内容 Utility model content
为了克服现有技术的缺陷，解决固体燃料易失效，反应程度剧烈等问题，有效提高汽车安全气囊系统（SRS）的安全可靠性，本实用新型的目的是提供了一种用于汽车安全气囊的气体燃烧发生器，在气体发生器中引入微燃烧技术，充分发挥微燃烧在小空间范围内的作用，实现了气体燃料燃烧在SRS系统中的应用。 In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, solve the problems that solid fuels are prone to failure and severe reaction, and effectively improve the safety and reliability of the automobile airbag system (SRS), the purpose of this utility model is to provide a The gas combustion generator introduces micro-combustion technology into the gas generator to give full play to the role of micro-combustion in a small space and realize the application of gas fuel combustion in the SRS system.
所述装置包括气囊引爆装置（a级系统）和微燃烧系统（b级系统），活塞5，高压气瓶瓶体6，能密封高压气瓶的瓶盖7，气囊引爆装置和微燃烧系统位于瓶体底部与活塞5之间，活塞5通过连杆与所述瓶盖7连接，所述高压气瓶瓶体6中有惰性气体N2。 The device includes an airbag detonating device (a-level system) and a micro-combustion system (b-level system), a piston 5, a high-pressure gas cylinder body 6, and a bottle cap 7 capable of sealing the high-pressure gas cylinder. The airbag detonating device and the micro-combustion system are located at Between the bottom of the bottle body and the piston 5, the piston 5 is connected to the bottle cap 7 through a connecting rod, and the high-pressure gas cylinder body 6 contains inert gas N 2 .
所述气囊引爆装置包括：点火装置，与点火装置相连接的传感器17，固体燃料产气室3，金属过滤网4。 The airbag detonating device includes: an ignition device, a sensor 17 connected to the ignition device, a solid fuel gas generating chamber 3 and a metal filter screen 4 .
其中，点火装置位于固体燃料产气室3的一侧，且点火装置的第一点火管2与固体燃料产气室3相连，在固体燃料产气室3的另一侧设有金属过滤网4。 Wherein, the ignition device is located on one side of the solid fuel gas generation chamber 3, and the first ignition tube 2 of the ignition device is connected with the solid fuel gas generation chamber 3, and the other side of the solid fuel gas generation chamber 3 is provided with a metal filter screen 4.
所述微燃烧系统包括：预混有燃烧气体和氧气的预混瓶9、能够点燃预混瓶9内气体的点火装置、传感器设备14、气体预混瓶瓶盖8，气体预混瓶盖8设置在预混瓶9的瓶口上，点火装置与传感器设备14相连。 The micro-combustion system includes: a premixed bottle 9 premixed with combustion gas and oxygen, an ignition device capable of igniting the gas in the premixed bottle 9, a sensor device 14, a gas premixed bottle cap 8, and a gas premixed bottle cap 8 It is arranged on the bottle mouth of the premix bottle 9 , and the ignition device is connected with the sensor device 14 .
燃烧气体是甲烷，甲烷与氧气的体积比控制为CH4/O2=1.46。 The combustion gas is methane, and the volume ratio of methane to oxygen is controlled as CH 4 /O 2 =1.46.
微燃烧系统还包括：氧气高压气瓶11，氧气高压气瓶11上设有阀门12，氧气高压气瓶11通过连通管10和预混瓶9相连通；阀门12和传感器设备14相连。 The micro-combustion system also includes: an oxygen high-pressure gas cylinder 11, which is provided with a valve 12, and the oxygen high-pressure gas cylinder 11 is connected to the premixed bottle 9 through a communication pipe 10; the valve 12 is connected to a sensor device 14.
点火装置包括发火组件和点火管；其中发火组件与点火管固定连接。 The ignition device includes an ignition component and an ignition tube; wherein the ignition component is fixedly connected with the ignition tube.
微燃烧系统的点火装置位于预混瓶9的一侧，且点火装置的第二点火管13与预混瓶9相连。 The ignition device of the micro-combustion system is located at one side of the premix bottle 9, and the second ignition tube 13 of the ignition device is connected with the premix bottle 9.
燃烧器中的气体燃料选用甲烷，氧化剂选用氧气。依据是甲烷在常温下比较稳定，其与氧气的燃烧反应较活跃，且完全燃烧的产物只有二氧化碳和水，不会对环境造成污染。为了缩短反应时间，事先将一定比例的甲烷和氧气预混好，汽车发生事故时，点火系统引爆预混气体，瞬时产生CO2气体充入气囊中，使预混合气体混合比能够点燃。预混瓶（燃烧室）采用密封的钢瓶，当燃烧室内气体的温度和压力突然升高时，钢瓶瓶盖就会爆开。纯氧中，甲烷的爆炸极限是5%~60%，即甲烷和氧气的体积比为CH4/O2=0.057~1.451。因此，预混气体的体积比控制为CH4/O2=1.46，甲烷过量。根据经验，气囊的容积为50~90L不等。本设计中，气囊容积取56L。单级气体发生器系统中（只使用固体燃料），囊中气体压力约2.2MPa，温度300K，体积112L（标况下），需要NaN3140g。 The gas fuel in the burner is methane, and the oxidant is oxygen. The basis is that methane is relatively stable at room temperature, its combustion reaction with oxygen is more active, and the products of complete combustion are only carbon dioxide and water, which will not pollute the environment. In order to shorten the reaction time, a certain proportion of methane and oxygen is pre-mixed in advance. When a car accident occurs, the ignition system will detonate the pre-mixed gas, and instantly generate CO2 gas to fill the airbag, so that the pre-mixed gas mixture ratio can be ignited. The premix bottle (combustion chamber) adopts a sealed steel cylinder. When the temperature and pressure of the gas in the combustion chamber suddenly rise, the cap of the steel cylinder will burst open. In pure oxygen, the explosion limit of methane is 5%~60%, that is, the volume ratio of methane and oxygen is CH 4 /O 2 =0.057~1.451. Therefore, the volume ratio of the premixed gas is controlled as CH 4 /O 2 =1.46, with excess methane. According to experience, the volume of the airbag ranges from 50 to 90L. In this design, the airbag volume is 56L. In a single-stage gas generator system (using only solid fuel), the gas pressure in the bag is about 2.2MPa, the temperature is 300K, the volume is 112L (under standard conditions), and 140g of NaN 3 is needed.
本实用新型使用的是双极气体发生器系统，因此要同时考虑各级系统的产气量。常温下，钢瓶中预混气体的压力应该满足稳定性要求，通过查找资料，取20MPa。通过计算，预混气体中，甲烷的质量至少40g，氧气48g。固体燃料NaN3取70g。预混瓶的体积为202cm3，壁厚0.4mm。 The utility model uses a bipolar gas generator system, so the gas production volume of the systems at all levels should be considered at the same time. At room temperature, the pressure of the premixed gas in the steel cylinder should meet the stability requirements. By searching the information, take 20MPa. By calculation, in the premixed gas, the mass of methane is at least 40g, and the mass of oxygen is 48g. The solid fuel NaN 3 takes 70g. The premix bottle has a volume of 202 cm 3 and a wall thickness of 0.4 mm.
本实用新型与的有益效果是：The beneficial effect of the utility model is:
（1）气体燃料克服了固体燃料遇水失效的弱点，保质期长。 (1) The gaseous fuel overcomes the weakness of the solid fuel to fail in contact with water, and has a long shelf life.
（2）气体燃料的使用能够减少固体燃料的使用，降低成本（NaN3价格75元/100g，甲烷18元/kg），并且可以减少固体燃料燃烧产生的污染物。 (2) The use of gaseous fuels can reduce the use of solid fuels and reduce costs (the price of NaN 3 is 75 yuan/100g, and methane is 18 yuan/kg), and it can reduce the pollutants produced by the combustion of solid fuels.
（3）增加了SRS系统的调节性能，会根据事故的恶劣情况选择不同的气体发生方式，减小气囊突然爆开时产生的冲击力对驾乘人员的伤害。 (3) The adjustment performance of the SRS system is increased, and different gas generation methods will be selected according to the severe situation of the accident, so as to reduce the impact force generated when the airbag bursts suddenly and cause damage to the driver and passengers.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型所述气体燃烧发生器的结构示意图； Fig. 1 is the structural representation of gas combustion generator described in the utility model;
图2是图1中A处放大图； Figure 2 is an enlarged view of A in Figure 1;
附图标记说明如下： The reference signs are explained as follows:
1-第一发火组件；2-第一点火管；3-固体燃料产气室；4-金属过滤网；5-活塞；6-高压气瓶瓶体；7-高压气瓶瓶盖；8-气体预混瓶瓶盖；9-预混瓶（燃烧室）；10-连通管；11-氧气高压气瓶；12-阀门；13-第二点火管；14-传感器设备；15-第二发火组件；16-金属导热板；17-传感器。 1-First ignition component; 2-First ignition tube; 3-Solid fuel gas production chamber; 4-Metal filter; 5-Piston; 6-High-pressure gas cylinder body; 7-High-pressure gas cylinder cap; 8 -Gas premix bottle cap; 9-premix bottle (combustion chamber); 10-connecting pipe; 11-oxygen high pressure cylinder; 12-valve; 13-second ignition tube; 14-sensor equipment; 15-second Ignition component; 16-metal heat conduction plate; 17-sensor.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图以及具体实施例对本实用新型作进一步的说明，但本实用新型的保护范围并不限于此。 The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited thereto.
当车辆发生紧急情况时，控制系统会根据事故的恶劣情况判断点火动作，通过传感器17控制点火装置。现有的气囊引爆装置即为a级系统，当汽车发生事故时，点火装置第一发火组件1、第一点火管2会点燃固体燃料，在固体燃料产气室3中迅速产生气体充满气囊。 When an emergency occurs in the vehicle, the control system will judge the ignition action according to the severe situation of the accident, and control the ignition device through the sensor 17 . The existing airbag detonating device is a Class A system. When an accident occurs to the car, the first ignition component 1 and the first ignition tube 2 of the ignition device will ignite the solid fuel, and gas will be rapidly generated in the solid fuel gas generating chamber 3 to fill the airbag. .
当汽车发生轻微事故时，只有 b级微燃烧系统启动。传感器设备14控制点火装置，第二发火组件15收到发火信号后迅速点燃第二点火管13中的点火药剂，冲开点火管壳间接引燃预混瓶9中甲烷和氧气的预混气体，与此同时，传感设备14控制打开氧气高压气瓶11的阀门12，氧气通过连通管10注入预混气体中进行剧烈反应。高温高压的气体冲破气体预混瓶瓶盖8，推开活塞5，和瓶体6中少量惰性气体N2进入气囊，气囊膨胀，保护驾乘人员。 When the car has a minor accident, only the B-level micro-combustion system starts. The sensor device 14 controls the ignition device, and the second ignition component 15 ignites the ignition agent in the second ignition tube 13 quickly after receiving the ignition signal, flushes the ignition tube shell and indirectly ignites the premixed gas of methane and oxygen in the premix bottle 9, At the same time, the sensor device 14 controls to open the valve 12 of the high-pressure oxygen cylinder 11, and the oxygen is injected into the premixed gas through the communication pipe 10 to undergo a violent reaction. The gas of high temperature and high pressure breaks through the bottle cap 8 of the gas premixed bottle, pushes away the piston 5, and a small amount of inert gas N in the bottle body 6 enters the airbag, and the airbag expands to protect the driver and passengers.
需要注意的是预混瓶9中充入的是一定体积比的甲烷和氧气的预混气体，CH4/O2=1.46。氧气高压气瓶11中充入的是高压氧气，并通过连通管10与预混瓶9连通，，正常情况下，阀门12紧闭，氧气高压气瓶11与预混瓶9中的气体没有流通。阀门12跟传感设备14相连，受传感器设备14控制。当发生严重事故时，两级系统将同时作用，即固体燃料被点燃爆炸产生N2（这里不作详细说明），气体燃料燃烧产生CO2气体，充满气囊，第一时间保护驾乘人员。 It should be noted that the premixed bottle 9 is filled with a certain volume ratio of methane and oxygen premixed gas, CH 4 /O 2 =1.46. The high-pressure oxygen cylinder 11 is filled with high-pressure oxygen, and communicates with the premix bottle 9 through the connecting pipe 10. Under normal circumstances, the valve 12 is tightly closed, and the gas in the high-pressure oxygen cylinder 11 and the premix bottle 9 does not communicate. . The valve 12 is connected with the sensor device 14 and is controlled by the sensor device 14 . When a serious accident occurs, the two-stage system will work simultaneously, that is, the solid fuel is ignited and exploded to produce N 2 (not described in detail here), and the gas fuel is burned to produce CO 2 gas, which is filled with airbags to protect drivers and passengers immediately.
所述实施例为本实用新型的优选的实施方式，但本实用新型并不限于上述实施方式，在不背离本实用新型的实质内容的情况下，本领域技术人员能够做出的任何显而易见的改进、替换或变型均属于本实用新型的保护范围。 Described embodiment is the preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the present utility model is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, under the situation of not departing from the essential content of the present utility model, any obvious improvement that those skilled in the art can make , replacement or modification all belong to the protection scope of the present utility model.
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| CN104228752B (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2016-11-30 | 江苏大学 | A kind of gas combustion generator for safe automobile air bag |
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