CN204166669U - Be applied to the wireless self-networking data acquisition module of cable shaft early warning - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型涉及电缆井预警数据采集技术领域，尤其涉及应用于电缆井预警的无线自组网数据采集模块。 The utility model relates to the technical field of cable well early warning data collection, in particular to a wireless ad hoc network data collection module applied to cable well early warning.
背景技术 Background technique
电缆井是电力系统中与人们生产、生活息息相关的节点，承担着巨大和不可替代的作用。电缆井内空间狭窄电缆分布密集，电缆情况复杂，容易存在多种安全隐患，而且由于位置比较隐蔽，一旦出现故障不容易被发现，将造成更严重后果，所以，当前的防范措置研究方向是通过监测系统监测电力电缆的各种运行数据与环境数据，然后将所得到的实时监测值与设定报警值比较，从而判断并及时发现安全隐患。 The cable well is a node closely related to people's production and life in the power system, and it plays a huge and irreplaceable role. The space in the cable shaft is narrow and the cables are densely distributed, and the cable conditions are complex, and there are many potential safety hazards, and because the location is relatively hidden, once a fault occurs, it is not easy to be found, and it will cause more serious consequences. Therefore, the current research direction of preventive measures is to monitor The system monitors various operating data and environmental data of the power cable, and then compares the obtained real-time monitoring value with the set alarm value, so as to judge and find potential safety hazards in time.
申请号为201020632038.8的中国专利涉及一种结构简单，使用方便的智能电缆沟、井在线监测系统。它包括安装在电缆沟或电缆井中的电缆，在电缆各接头的两侧设有接头局部放电测量单元，接头局部放电测量单元与信号采集单元连接，信号采集单元通过光纤与上位机连接；同时在电缆上还设有分布式光纤测温装置，该装置与温度显示模块连接，温度显示模块与上位机连接；在电缆沟或电缆井的出口处电缆设有接地电流测量单元，该单元通过光纤与上位机连接；在电缆沟或电缆井中还设有电缆运行环境参数监测装置，该装置与上位机连接。 The Chinese patent with the application number 201020632038.8 relates to an intelligent cable trench and well online monitoring system with simple structure and convenient use. It includes cables installed in cable trenches or cable wells, and there are joint partial discharge measurement units on both sides of the cable joints. The joint partial discharge measurement units are connected to the signal acquisition unit, and the signal acquisition unit is connected to the host computer through optical fibers; There is also a distributed optical fiber temperature measuring device on the cable, which is connected to the temperature display module, and the temperature display module is connected to the host computer; the cable is provided with a grounding current measurement unit at the exit of the cable trench or cable well, and the unit is connected to the Host computer connection; there is also a monitoring device for cable operating environment parameters in the cable trench or cable well, which is connected to the host computer.
申请号为201220472310.X的中国专利设计了一种智能建筑电缆井电气火灾监控系统，包括探测器、监控设备和总线，该探测器和监控设备与总线连接，其中探测器包括温度探测器、烟雾探测器、剩余电流电量探测器；监控设备包括温度信号监控装置、烟雾信号监控装置、剩余电流电量信号监控装置；所述温度信号监控装置、烟雾信号监控装置、剩余电流电量信号监控装置上分别设有自动报警功能的手机模块。本实用新型具有防范措施强、能有效的对电缆竖井火灾预警、报警等优点。本实用新型通过探测器部分对被监测物的温度信号、烟雾信号、剩余电流信号进行采集传输给监控部分，由监控部分对温度信号、烟雾信号、剩余电流信号进行分析判断对超标信号提出报警，并对数据进行显示、存储和打印。 The Chinese patent with application number 201220472310.X designs an electrical fire monitoring system for intelligent building cable wells, including detectors, monitoring equipment and a bus. The detectors and monitoring equipment are connected to the bus. The detectors include temperature detectors, smoke Detector, residual current power detector; monitoring equipment includes temperature signal monitoring device, smoke signal monitoring device, residual current power signal monitoring device; said temperature signal monitoring device, smoke signal monitoring device, residual current power signal monitoring device are respectively set Mobile phone module with automatic alarm function. The utility model has the advantages of strong preventive measures, effective early warning and alarm for cable shaft fires, and the like. The utility model collects and transmits the temperature signal, smoke signal and residual current signal of the monitored object to the monitoring part through the detector part, and the monitoring part analyzes and judges the temperature signal, smoke signal and residual current signal to raise an alarm for the over-standard signal And display, store and print the data.
然而，上述对比文件中，电缆井的安全运行监控功能并不完善，监测参数比较单一，数据集中与传递不方便，所以需要一种简便易行、高效准确的电缆井预警数据采集与传递模块。 However, in the above comparison documents, the safety operation monitoring function of the cable shaft is not perfect, the monitoring parameters are relatively simple, and the data collection and transmission are inconvenient. Therefore, a simple, efficient and accurate cable shaft early warning data collection and transmission module is needed.
实用新型内容 Utility model content
本实用新型的目的在于解决上述技术问题，提供应用于电缆井预警的无线自组网数据采集模块，不仅能够有效地采集电缆井数据并加以汇总，还可以实现预警的寻址定位功能，简便易行、高效准确，具有很好的应用前景。 The purpose of this utility model is to solve the above technical problems and provide a wireless ad hoc network data acquisition module applied to cable well early warning, which can not only effectively collect cable well data and summarize them, but also realize the addressing and positioning function of early warning, which is simple and easy Line, efficient and accurate, has a good application prospect.
为实现上述目的，本实用新型采用的技术方案是：应用于电缆井预警的无线自组网数据采集模块，包括无线网络平台以及在平台上建立的数据采集单元和预警定位单元，所述无线网络平台包括由多个数据存储器构成的多层数据库，所述数据采集单元包括探测器与控制器，所述预警定位单元包括载波信号发送器、数据寄存器和数据编码器，所述预警定位单元与所述控制器一一对应，所述控制器包括单片机芯片。 In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a wireless ad hoc network data acquisition module applied to cable well early warning, including a wireless network platform and a data acquisition unit and an early warning positioning unit established on the platform, the wireless network The platform includes a multi-layer database composed of multiple data storages, the data acquisition unit includes a detector and a controller, the early warning and positioning unit includes a carrier signal transmitter, a data register and a data encoder, and the early warning and positioning unit is connected to the There is a one-to-one correspondence between the controllers, and the controllers include a single-chip microcomputer chip.
所述探测器与所述控制器连接，所述控制器包括数据集中器与双向网络接口。 The detector is connected to the controller, and the controller includes a data concentrator and a bidirectional network interface.
所述无线网络平台包括CDMA数传网络，所述数据集中器分布于所述CDMA数传网络上。 The wireless network platform includes a CDMA data transmission network, and the data concentrators are distributed on the CDMA data transmission network.
所述无线网络平台包括GSM数传网络，所述数据集中器分布于所述GSM数传网络上。 The wireless network platform includes a GSM data transmission network, and the data concentrator is distributed on the GSM data transmission network.
所述探测器包括分布于电缆井中的环境温度探测器以及安装于电缆接头处的线芯温度探测器。 The detectors include ambient temperature detectors distributed in the cable shaft and wire core temperature detectors installed at cable joints.
所述预警定位单元包括状态巡检单元与预警筛查单元。 The early warning positioning unit includes a status inspection unit and an early warning screening unit.
目前国内主要开展的研究包括电缆井温度水位在线监测预警、电缆沟道综合状态监控、电缆综合在线监测及预警等等，在形式上主要以有线光纤为主，监测项目通常为电缆接头温度或沟井可燃气体监测，不能综合监测电缆沟井内多项综合环境因素，并存在有线监测安装范围局限（只在一条线路内），不能适应电缆多分布监测的需要，投资大，施工难强度大。并对于监测的数据不能分析处理储存，不能预测预警，为有效地评估预测安排相应检修工作带来困难，建设自组网络，研发新综合监测系统及可靠地数据收发、分析管理评估预测尤为重要。 At present, the main researches carried out in China include online monitoring and early warning of cable well temperature and water level, comprehensive status monitoring of cable trench, comprehensive online monitoring and early warning of cable, etc., mainly in the form of wired optical fiber, and the monitoring items are usually cable joint temperature or trench. Well combustible gas monitoring cannot comprehensively monitor multiple comprehensive environmental factors in cable trench wells, and there is a limitation in the installation range of wired monitoring (only in one line), which cannot meet the needs of multi-distributed monitoring of cables, which requires large investment and difficult construction. The monitoring data cannot be analyzed, processed and stored, and cannot be predicted and warned, which brings difficulties to effectively evaluate, predict and arrange corresponding maintenance work. It is particularly important to build an ad hoc network, develop a new comprehensive monitoring system, and reliably send and receive data, analyze, manage, evaluate and predict.
无线网络平台是本实用新型方案的应用基础，CDMA和GSM均是目前已经应用成熟与稳定的2G通信的主流制式，在通话质量上，CDMA的通话质量要高于GSM，在相同环境下语音通信，CDMA的杂音要比GSM小很多，在手机辐射上，CDMA采用了出色的功率控制技术，也要比GSM小；然而，GSM在信号传输的稳定性上，采用时分多址的数字移动通信模式，在应用范围以及简单的短信传输上，在成本与应用范围上均具有优势，所以在本实用新型中应根据电缆井的具体情况，择优选取。 The wireless network platform is the application foundation of the utility model scheme. Both CDMA and GSM are the mainstream systems of 2G communication that have been applied maturely and stably at present. In terms of call quality, the call quality of CDMA is higher than that of GSM. In the same environment, voice communication , the noise of CDMA is much smaller than that of GSM. In terms of mobile phone radiation, CDMA uses excellent power control technology, which is also smaller than GSM; however, GSM adopts the digital mobile communication mode of time division multiple access in terms of signal transmission stability. , in the scope of application and simple short message transmission, both have advantages in cost and scope of application, so in the utility model should be selected according to the specific conditions of the cable well.
本系统建立数据采集单元的拓扑网络连接，实现了网络数据模块的自组网，探测器作为无线网组成的细胞单元，也是无线网数据采集、监控、定位所作用的基础单元，尤其是在数据采集监控中，可以依托网络在数据库中建立电缆井的实际点位图，在检测发生故障时，可以由预警定位单元实施定位。 This system establishes the topological network connection of the data acquisition unit and realizes the ad hoc network of the network data module. In the collection and monitoring, the actual point map of the cable well can be established in the database by relying on the network. When a fault occurs in the detection, the early warning and positioning unit can be used for positioning.
控制器中的数据集中器是将探测器的采集数据信息进行汇集，并经双向网络接口传输，双向网络通信接口，接口包括数据适配器，具备连接数据源，实现导入、导出功能，安全认证功能、加密解密功能、数据传输功能，数据适配器连接服务器的编程接口数据总线作为数据收发/转发的网关，专门负责整个网络环境下的数据传递。数据源通过适配器将源数据发送到总线上，总线根据数据转换规约将源数据转换成目的数据，目的子系统则通过数据适配器到总线上获取已转换好的目的数据。由于是网络通信连接，处理器可以将采集监控的数据与分析方案的数据整合为各自的通用型报表，其过程在于用灵活方便的报表定义，并能提取不同数据源的数据，经清洗、加工、布局后，以预定的格式呈现给最终用户，即管理及维修工作人员。无线网络平台也可以作为一个无线传输媒介，配合电力系统所原有的GIS软件平台，实现点位图的生成与定位，在探测器检测到报警信号时，预警定位单元将点位地址信息打包，并启动与其无线连接的载波信号发送器提取定位模块在数据寄存器中的信息，并经数据编码器进行解码从而找出故障点位的准确位置。 The data concentrator in the controller collects the collected data information of the detectors and transmits them through the two-way network interface. The two-way network communication interface includes a data adapter, which is capable of connecting data sources, realizing import and export functions, security authentication functions, Encryption and decryption functions, data transmission functions, the programming interface data bus of the data adapter connected to the server, as the gateway for data sending and receiving/forwarding, is responsible for data transmission in the entire network environment. The data source sends the source data to the bus through the adapter, and the bus converts the source data into the destination data according to the data conversion protocol, and the destination subsystem obtains the converted destination data from the bus through the data adapter. Because it is a network communication connection, the processor can integrate the data collected and monitored and the data of the analysis plan into their own general-purpose reports. The process is to use flexible and convenient report definitions, and can extract data from different data sources. After cleaning and processing , After layout, it will be presented to end users in a predetermined format, that is, management and maintenance staff. The wireless network platform can also be used as a wireless transmission medium to cooperate with the original GIS software platform of the power system to realize the generation and positioning of the point map. When the detector detects an alarm signal, the early warning positioning unit packs the point address information, And start the carrier signal transmitter wirelessly connected with it to extract the information in the data register of the positioning module, and decode it through the data encoder to find out the exact position of the fault point.
预警定位单元包括状态巡检单元与预警筛查单元，分别执行状态轮巡机制与预警筛查机制，其中，状态轮巡机制为平台整体运行正常，以及保障终端装置运行正常，系统采用可以调节周期的轮巡手段，管理人员可以按照要求（季节、气候、大气、环境、运行条件等）制定队列，采用定时或者周期循环的方式进行自动巡检。运行维护人员也可以在特定的时间段进行巡视；预警筛查机制制定告警阀值指标，根据告警类型和告警级别制定相应的上下限，保证能够在发现异常或隐患时及时告警，及时方便筛查、有法可依，有据可查。用户自定义设定阀值，系统在轮巡时，可以根据这些过滤条件有选择地排查异常或隐患，并报告告警事件，平台实现告警误报处理、系统运维误报处理，只要是误报，都作为紧急事件加以处理，在减少误报警的同时，减少漏报警，大大提高系统可靠性。 The early warning positioning unit includes a status inspection unit and an early warning screening unit, which respectively implement the status patrol mechanism and the early warning screening mechanism. The management personnel can formulate queues according to the requirements (season, climate, atmosphere, environment, operating conditions, etc.), and conduct automatic inspections in a regular or periodic manner. Operation and maintenance personnel can also conduct inspections in a specific time period; the early warning screening mechanism formulates alarm threshold indicators, and formulates corresponding upper and lower limits according to alarm types and alarm levels to ensure timely alarms when abnormalities or hidden dangers are found, and facilitate screening in a timely manner , There are laws to follow and evidence to check. User-defined thresholds can be set by the user. When the system is patrolling, it can selectively check for abnormalities or hidden dangers according to these filter conditions, and report alarm events. The platform implements alarm false alarm processing and system operation and maintenance false alarm processing. , are dealt with as emergencies, while reducing false alarms, reducing missed alarms and greatly improving system reliability.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型系统实施例一结构示意图。 Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the utility model system.
图2是本实用新型系统实施例一结构示意图。 Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the utility model system.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
实施例一 Embodiment one
如图1所示，应用于电缆井预警的无线自组网数据采集模块，包括无线网络平台1以及在平台上建立的数据采集单元2和预警定位单元3，无线网络平台包括由多个数据存储器构成的多层数据库4，数据采集单元2包括探测器与控制器，预警定位单元3包括载波信号发送器5、数据寄存器6和数据编码器7，预警定位单元与控制器一一对应，控制器包括单片机芯片11，无线网络平台包括CDMA数传网络8，数据集中器分布于CDMA数传网络上，探测器包括分布于电缆井中的环境温度探测器以及安装于电缆接头处的线芯温度探测器，探测器与控制器连接，控制器包括数据集中器9与双向网络接口10，预警定位单元3包括状态巡检单元12与预警筛查单元13。 As shown in Figure 1, the wireless ad hoc network data acquisition module applied to early warning of cable wells includes a wireless network platform 1 and a data acquisition unit 2 and an early warning positioning unit 3 established on the platform. The wireless network platform includes a plurality of data storage devices. A multi-layer database 4 is formed, the data acquisition unit 2 includes a detector and a controller, the early warning positioning unit 3 includes a carrier signal transmitter 5, a data register 6 and a data encoder 7, the early warning positioning unit corresponds to the controller one by one, and the controller It includes a single-chip microcomputer chip 11, the wireless network platform includes a CDMA data transmission network 8, the data concentrators are distributed on the CDMA data transmission network, and the detectors include ambient temperature detectors distributed in cable wells and wire core temperature detectors installed at cable joints , the detector is connected to the controller, the controller includes a data concentrator 9 and a bidirectional network interface 10 , and the early warning location unit 3 includes a status inspection unit 12 and an early warning screening unit 13 .
目前国内主要开展的研究包括电缆井温度水位在线监测预警、电缆沟道综合状态监控、电缆综合在线监测及预警等等，在形式上主要以有线光纤为主，监测项目通常为电缆接头温度或沟井可燃气体监测，不能综合监测电缆沟井内多项综合环境因素，并存在有线监测安装范围局限（只在一条线路内），不能适应电缆多分布监测的需要，投资大，施工难强度大。并对于监测的数据不能分析处理储存，不能预测预警，为有效地评估预测安排相应检修工作带来困难，建设自组网络，研发新综合监测系统及可靠地数据收发、分析管理评估预测尤为重要。 At present, the main researches carried out in China include online monitoring and early warning of cable well temperature and water level, comprehensive status monitoring of cable trench, comprehensive online monitoring and early warning of cable, etc., mainly in the form of wired optical fiber, and the monitoring items are usually cable joint temperature or trench. Well combustible gas monitoring cannot comprehensively monitor multiple comprehensive environmental factors in cable trench wells, and there is a limitation in the installation range of wired monitoring (only in one line), which cannot meet the needs of multi-distributed monitoring of cables, which requires large investment and difficult construction. The monitoring data cannot be analyzed, processed and stored, and cannot be predicted and warned, which brings difficulties to effectively evaluate, predict and arrange corresponding maintenance work. It is particularly important to build an ad hoc network, develop a new comprehensive monitoring system, and reliably send and receive data, analyze, manage, evaluate and predict.
无线网络平台是本实用新型方案的应用基础，CDMA是目前已经应用成熟与稳定的2G通信的主流制式，在通话质量上，CDMA的通话质量要高于GSM，在相同环境下语音通信，CDMA的杂音要比GSM小很多，在手机辐射上，CDMA采用了出色的功率控制技术，也要比GSM小，在本实用新型中应根据电缆井的具体情况，择优选取。 The wireless network platform is the application basis of the utility model scheme. CDMA is the mainstream system of 2G communication that has been applied maturely and stably at present. In terms of call quality, the call quality of CDMA is higher than that of GSM. In the same environment, voice communication, CDMA's Noise is much smaller than GSM, and on mobile phone radiation, CDMA has adopted excellent power control technology, also will be smaller than GSM, should be selected according to the specific situation of cable well in the utility model.
本系统建立数据采集单元的拓扑网络连接，实现了网络数据模块的自组网，探测器作为无线网组成的细胞单元，也是无线网数据采集、监控、定位所作用的基础单元，尤其是在数据采集监控中，可以依托网络在数据库中建立电缆井的实际点位图，在检测发生故障时，可以由预警定位单元实施定位。 This system establishes the topological network connection of the data acquisition unit and realizes the ad hoc network of the network data module. In the collection and monitoring, the actual point map of the cable well can be established in the database by relying on the network. When a fault occurs in the detection, the early warning and positioning unit can be used for positioning.
实施例二 Embodiment two
如图2所示，应用于电缆井预警的无线自组网数据采集模块，包括无线网络平台1以及在平台上建立的数据采集单元2和预警定位单元3，无线网络平台包括由多个数据存储器构成的多层数据库4，数据采集单元2包括探测器与控制器，预警定位单元3包括载波信号发送器5、数据寄存器6和数据编码器7，预警定位单元与控制器一一对应，控制器包括单片机芯片11，无线网络平台包括GSM数传网络14，数据集中器分布于GSM数传网络上，探测器包括分布于电缆井中的环境温度探测器以及安装于电缆接头处的线芯温度探测器，探测器与控制器连接，控制器包括数据集中器9与双向网络接口10，预警定位单元3包括状态巡检单元12与预警筛查单元13。 As shown in Figure 2, the wireless ad hoc network data acquisition module applied to early warning of cable wells includes a wireless network platform 1 and a data acquisition unit 2 and an early warning positioning unit 3 established on the platform. The wireless network platform includes a plurality of data storage devices. A multi-layer database 4 is formed, the data acquisition unit 2 includes a detector and a controller, the early warning positioning unit 3 includes a carrier signal transmitter 5, a data register 6 and a data encoder 7, the early warning positioning unit corresponds to the controller one by one, and the controller Including single-chip microcomputer chip 11, the wireless network platform includes GSM digital transmission network 14, the data concentrator is distributed on the GSM digital transmission network, and the detectors include ambient temperature detectors distributed in cable wells and core temperature detectors installed at cable joints , the detector is connected to the controller, the controller includes a data concentrator 9 and a bidirectional network interface 10 , and the early warning location unit 3 includes a status inspection unit 12 and an early warning screening unit 13 .
目前国内主要开展的研究包括电缆井温度水位在线监测预警、电缆沟道综合状态监控、电缆综合在线监测及预警等等，在形式上主要以有线光纤为主，监测项目通常为电缆接头温度或沟井可燃气体监测，不能综合监测电缆沟井内多项综合环境因素，并存在有线监测安装范围局限（只在一条线路内），不能适应电缆多分布监测的需要，投资大，施工难强度大。并对于监测的数据不能分析处理储存，不能预测预警，为有效地评估预测安排相应检修工作带来困难，建设自组网络，研发新综合监测系统及可靠地数据收发、分析管理评估预测尤为重要。 At present, the main researches carried out in China include online monitoring and early warning of cable well temperature and water level, comprehensive status monitoring of cable trench, comprehensive online monitoring and early warning of cable, etc., mainly in the form of wired optical fiber, and the monitoring items are usually cable joint temperature or trench. Well combustible gas monitoring cannot comprehensively monitor multiple comprehensive environmental factors in cable trench wells, and there is a limitation in the installation range of wired monitoring (only in one line), which cannot meet the needs of multi-distributed monitoring of cables, which requires large investment and difficult construction. The monitoring data cannot be analyzed, processed and stored, and cannot be predicted and warned, which brings difficulties to effectively evaluate, predict and arrange corresponding maintenance work. It is particularly important to build an ad hoc network, develop a new comprehensive monitoring system, and reliably send and receive data, analyze, manage, evaluate and predict.
无线网络平台是本实用新型方案的应用基础，GSM是目前已经应用成熟与稳定的2G通信的主流制式，GSM在信号传输的稳定性上，采用时分多址的数字移动通信模式，在应用范围以及简单的短信传输上，在成本与应用范围上均具有优势，所以在本实用新型中应根据电缆井的具体情况，择优选取。 The wireless network platform is the application basis of the utility model scheme. GSM is the mainstream system of 2G communication that has been applied maturely and stably at present. On the stability of signal transmission, GSM adopts the digital mobile communication mode of time division multiple access. Simple short message transmission has advantages in both cost and application range, so in the utility model, it should be selected according to the specific conditions of the cable well.
本系统建立数据采集单元的拓扑网络连接，实现了网络数据模块的自组网，探测器作为无线网组成的细胞单元，也是无线网数据采集、监控、定位所作用的基础单元，尤其是在数据采集监控中，可以依托网络在数据库中建立电缆井的实际点位图，在检测发生故障时，可以由预警定位单元实施定位。 This system establishes the topological network connection of the data acquisition unit and realizes the ad hoc network of the network data module. In the collection and monitoring, the actual point map of the cable well can be established in the database by relying on the network. When a fault occurs in the detection, the early warning and positioning unit can be used for positioning.
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| CN104240465A (en) * | 2014-10-07 | 2014-12-24 | 国网河南省电力公司南阳供电公司 | Wireless ad hoc network data collecting module used for cable well early warming |
| CN110926631A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-03-27 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司宁波供电公司 | Automatic alarm device for explosion of cable well intermediate joint |
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| CN104240465A (en) * | 2014-10-07 | 2014-12-24 | 国网河南省电力公司南阳供电公司 | Wireless ad hoc network data collecting module used for cable well early warming |
| CN110926631A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-03-27 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司宁波供电公司 | Automatic alarm device for explosion of cable well intermediate joint |
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