CN204131214U - A kind of ammeter - Google Patents
A kind of ammeter Download PDFInfo
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- CN204131214U CN204131214U CN201420438866.6U CN201420438866U CN204131214U CN 204131214 U CN204131214 U CN 204131214U CN 201420438866 U CN201420438866 U CN 201420438866U CN 204131214 U CN204131214 U CN 204131214U
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- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010044565 Tremor Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of ammeter abandoning rechargeable battery power supply composition in support completely, only uses the scheme of electrochemical capacitor power supply in support.The utility model utilizes DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module, make the capacitor of back-up source can provide more electric energy, further, on aforementioned base, increase voltage comparison module and control module, and threshold voltage when more than the minimum operating voltage of performance loop, normal power supply are set below supply power voltage, by voltage comparison module, control module, realize charging and the power supply of automatic switchover energy storage device.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the device field of the time integral for measuring electrical power or electric current, is specifically related to the back-up source of ammeter.
Background technology
Generally there is light current circuit in ammeter.During normal power supply, use municipal administration to power the direct current that is transformed as its power supply, its performance loop provides data storing, Treatment Analysis etc. function.Power due to municipal administration and there is the possibility of power failure, for ensureing outage, important performance loop is still in power supply state, therefore for ammeter is provided with back-up source and stand-by power supply circuit thereof, during normal power supply, the direct current that municipal administration power supply is transformed, just by the positive terminal of back-up source, charges to the energy storage device in the energy-storage module of back-up source, run into can not normal power supply time, then powered to performance loop by back-up source and stand-by power supply circuit thereof.
The energy storage device of ammeter back-up source, the combination adopting rechargeable battery or rechargeable battery and electrochemical capacitor more.But rechargeable battery has multinomial defect, first, discharge and recharge, the quick charge of rechargeable battery, repeatedly transmit high power pulse, the life-span of rechargeable battery can be caused to decline; The second, battery is operated in narrower voltage range by the restriction of self chemical reaction, puts may cause permanent damage if crossed; 3rd, battery raw material is formed, produce, use, store and disassemble process, causes environmental pollution; 4th, there is the unstable problem of contact; The most important thing is, need often to safeguard, battery often uses a period of time, just needs to safeguard to change.
Summary of the invention
The utility model, for the defect of prior art, discloses a kind of ammeter abandoning rechargeable battery power supply composition in support completely,---this capacitor is also called " the ultracapacitor "---scheme of power supply in support that only uses electrochemical capacitor.
Due to electrochemical capacitor in support power supply time, there is the problem of output voltage shakiness, after causing output voltage to drop to can not to make performance loop work, capacitor still stores a large amount of electric charge can the use of power supply source.Therefore, the utility model utilizes DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module, and make the capacitor of back-up source can provide more electric energy: its input is connected with the positive terminal of energy-storage module, its output is connected with the positive terminal of back-up source by rectifier cell.The negative pole end ground connection of back-up source.
When there is municipal administration power supply, the voltage of DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module output is less than or equal to the municipal direct voltage be converted of powering, and therefore, this circuit turn-on also forbidden by rectifier cell; Can not normal power supply time, the voltage of the voltage ratio rectifier cell other end of DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module output is high, and therefore rectifier cell makes circuit turn-on, and the electric energy that therefore it save by energy-storage module is powered to performance loop by the positive terminal of back-up source.The selection of rectifier cell and connection, should meet above-mentioned functions and describe.
Power supply during foregoing summary only discloses energy storage.Further, on aforementioned base, increase voltage comparison module and control module, and threshold voltage when more than the minimum operating voltage of performance loop, normal power supply are set below supply power voltage, by the control end of voltage comparison module, control module and DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module, realize charging and the power supply of automatic switchover energy storage device.
Voltage comparison module is connected the positive terminal of back-up source, make it detect supply power voltage, according to its change, signal is outputted to the control end of control module, DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module; The signal that control module inputs according to control end, control positive terminal and the energy-storage module of whether conducting back-up source, to charge to energy storage device, the signal that DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module inputs according to control end, judge whether to be in the state that back-up source is powered, decide DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module the need of work; When DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module works, the supply power voltage of output is less than threshold voltage, the voltage of back-up source positive terminal just can be made to be unlikely to that DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module is takeed for and be in normal power supply state.
Voltage comparison module, when back-up source positive terminal is greater than threshold voltage, exports the first control signal to control module, and power supply is charged to the energy storage device of back-up source by the positive terminal of back-up source;
Voltage comparison module, when the voltage of back-up source positive terminal is less than threshold voltage, exports the second control signal to DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module, and back-up source is powered to performance loop by the output of DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module and rectifier cell (D1).
The method to set up of threshold voltage, draws according to above-mentioned design.Further, reference voltage circuit is utilized.The setting of reference voltage circuit, the utility model make use of the characteristic that voltage stabilizing didoe both end voltage difference is 2.5 volts.
Alleged " decoupling ", " dividing potential drop ", " current limliting ", " rectification " element, only need the element possessing one of this kind of function, do not require to adopt the element such as electric capacity, resistance, do not require that Main Function is above-mentioned effect yet, only need the element including above-mentioned effect, can actualizing technology effect to specifications.
The characteristic of electrochemical capacitor, can overcome the shortcoming using rechargeable battery power supply in support.The relative rechargeable battery of electrochemical capacitor, can meet the requirement worked in more extreme natural environment, and can realize long-term non-maintaining, and can weld, and then solves contact problem loosely.
This circuit makes charging and power supply have employed same circuit, therefore easily safeguards, detect simpler, production cost is also lower.And this circuit also can be used for the situation using rechargeable battery power supply in support, be beneficial to batch production, strengthen versatility.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the schematic diagram of the utility model ammeter power backup circuit.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the circuit diagram of the utility model ammeter power backup circuit specific embodiment.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the back-up source of ammeter comprises positive terminal, negative pole end; Control module comprises input, output, control end; DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module comprises input, output, control end; Energy-storage module comprises positive terminal, negative pole end; Voltage comparison module enclosed mass input, output.
The input of control end is connected with the positive terminal of back-up source, and the output of control end is connected with the positive terminal of energy-storage module; The input of DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module is connected with the positive terminal of energy-storage module, and output is connected with the anode of rectifier cell D1; The input of voltage comparison module is connected with the positive terminal of back-up source, and output is connected with the control end of control module, the control end of DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module; The negative electrode of rectifier cell D1 is connected with the positive terminal of back-up source; The negative pole end of back-up source and the negative pole end ground connection of energy-storage module.
First control signal is outputted to control module by the output of voltage comparison module, and the second control signal outputs to DC boosting voltage stabilizing control module.
As shown in Figure 2, when there is main electricity, VM is the operating voltage in ammeter light current module work loop, is also the voltage of back-up source positive terminal, the voltage namely charged; VCAP is the voltage of back-up source energy-storage module positive terminal, namely the output voltage of back-up source; R12 and R8 constitutes the first dividing potential drop group jointly, and in the present embodiment, voltage stabilizing didoe ZD3 and electric capacity C5 constitutes reference voltage circuit jointly.R12 is 9.1 kilo-ohms, and R12 is 12 kilo-ohms, and U1 is the first comparator, and U2 is the second comparator, and the first dividing potential drop group and first, second comparator, reference voltage circuit, current-limiting resistance R11 together constitute voltage comparison module; DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module have employed SX1308 chip, and its SW pin is the output of DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module; R13-R15 is the second dividing potential drop group, together constitutes DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module with SX1308 chip, L1; Voltage stabilizing didoe ZD3 provides reference voltage V R, is 2.5 volts herein, and now according to the first dividing potential drop group, the threshold voltage that can calculate setting is: 2.5 × (R12+R8) ÷ R8=2.5 × (9.1+12) ÷ 12=4.4(lies prostrate); Q4 is P type field effect transistor, forms control module; The program have employed the energy storage device of 4 pieces of electrochemical capacitors power supply in support in parallel between two; C1-C6 is bypass or decoupling capacitor, C5 simultaneously or storage capacitor, and when making the situations such as power failure occur, in conjunction with voltage stabilizing didoe ZD3, in power down moment, storage capacitor C5 two ends also keep reference voltage V R; R1-R7, R9 are current-limiting resistance, and R18 is feedback resistance; In C1-C6 except C5, R1-R7, R9, R18 be only optimized circuit and exist, the not necessary condition of actualizing technology effect.In embodiment, described " decoupling ", " energy storage ", " dividing potential drop ", " current limliting ", " rectification " element, adopt electric capacity, electric capacity, resistance, resistance, diode respectively.
Be below the annexation description of each element:
Voltage stabilizing didoe ZD3 is in parallel with electric capacity C5, its plus earth, and negative electrode is connected with the positive input terminal of the positive terminal of back-up source, the negative input end of the first comparator U1 and the second comparator U2; The positive input terminal of the first comparator U1 is connected with one end of resistance R12, and the other end of resistance R12 is connected with the positive terminal of back-up source, and the positive input terminal of the first comparator U1 is also connected with one end of resistance R8, the other end ground connection of resistance R8; The output of the first comparator U1 is connected with the negative input end of the second comparator U2; The output of the second comparator U2 is connected with the control end of DC boosting voltage stabilizing chip, the grid of field effect transistor Q4.
The output of the second comparator U2 is the output of voltage comparison module, and one end that current limiting element R11 connects back-up source positive terminal is connected back-up source positive terminal one end with sectional pressure element R12 constitutes the input of voltage comparison module jointly.
Resistance R11 is also connected with between the negative electrode of voltage stabilizing didoe ZD3 and the positive terminal of back-up source, one end that resistance R11 connects back-up source positive terminal is also connected with electric capacity C4, the other end ground connection of electric capacity C4, the positive input terminal of described first comparator U1 also connects electric capacity C3, the other end ground connection of electric capacity C3, between the output of described first comparator U1 and the positive terminal of back-up source, go back contact resistance R7.
The source electrode of field effect transistor Q4 is the input of control module, and its grid is the control end of control module, and its drain electrode is the output of control module, is also connected with resistance R5 between the output of grid and the second comparator U2.
The negative electrode of diode D1 also connects electric capacity C2, the other end ground connection of electric capacity C2, the input of DC boosting voltage stabilizing chip also connects electric capacity C1, the other end ground connection of electric capacity C1, the other end of the control end end also contact resistance R6 of DC boosting voltage stabilizing chip, resistance R6 connects the positive terminal of back-up source.
The anode of electrochemical capacitor E1, E2 is connected with the negative electrode of voltage stabilizing didoe ZD1, ZD2 respectively, the anode of voltage stabilizing didoe ZD1, ZD2 is connected with resistance R1, R2 respectively, the other end of resistance R1, R2 connects the negative electrode of electrochemical capacitor E1, E2 respectively, is also connected with resistance R3 between the positive terminal of energy-storage module and the drain electrode of field effect transistor Q4.Electrochemical capacitor E3, E4 are in parallel with electrochemical capacitor E1, E2 respectively.
When there is main electricity, VM is the operating voltage of ammeter, roughly at 5 volts.Because VM is greater than threshold voltage, so the first comparator exports high level, voltage is 5 volts.Because VR2.5 is less than the first comparator output voltage, so the second comparator output low level, the source voltage of Q4 is greater than grid voltage, is thus in conducting state, and therefore VM charges to the electrochemical capacitor of back-up source.Now due to the second comparator output low level, so DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module does not work.
When the situations such as power failure occur, lose the moment of main electricity, because VM is less than threshold voltage, the first comparator output low level, VR2.5 is greater than the first comparator output voltage, thus exports the grid of high level to Q4, and then makes Q4 end; The high level that simultaneously the second comparator exports makes DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module start working, and being risen to by the output voltage of back-up source can the degree of watt-hour meter work.
After back-up source work, it is 4.3 volts because DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module exports, after R12 dividing potential drop, the first comparator can not be made to export high level, therefore the second comparator exports is still high level, makes Q4 end and the work of DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module, forms stable operating state.
P type field effect transistor Q4 also can use PNP type triode to replace.When adopting PNP type triode as control module, its base stage, emitter, collector electrode are corresponding with the method for attachment of the grid of P type field effect transistor, source electrode, drain electrode respectively.
Claims (13)
1. an ammeter, comprises back-up source, it is characterized in that, back-up source comprises energy-storage module, DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module; The energy storage device of energy-storage module is made up of electrochemical capacitor;
The positive terminal of energy-storage module is connected with the input of DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module;
The output of DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module is connected with the positive terminal of back-up source by rectifier cell (D1).
2. ammeter as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise voltage comparison module, control module;
The input of voltage comparison module is connected with the positive terminal of described back-up source, and its output is connected with the control end of control module, the control end of described DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module;
The input of control module is connected with the positive terminal of back-up source, and its output is connected with the positive terminal of described energy-storage module;
Voltage comparison module, when the positive terminal voltage of back-up source is greater than threshold voltage, exports the first control signal to control module, the positive terminal of back-up source is connected with the positive terminal of energy-storage module;
When the positive terminal voltage of back-up source is less than threshold voltage, export the second control signal to described DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module, make DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module output export the voltage being less than threshold voltage.
3. ammeter as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described voltage comparison module comprises reference voltage circuit, the first comparator (U1), the second comparator (U2), current limiting element (R11), sectional pressure element (R8), sectional pressure element (R12);
The minus earth of reference voltage circuit, the positive input terminal of its positive pole and one end of current limiting element (R11), the negative input end of the first comparator (U1) and the second comparator (U2) is connected; The other end of current limiting element (R11) is connected with the positive terminal of described back-up source; The positive input terminal of the first comparator (U1) is connected with one end of sectional pressure element (R12), the other end of sectional pressure element (R12) is connected with the positive terminal of back-up source, the positive input terminal of the first comparator (U1) is also connected with one end of sectional pressure element (R8), the other end ground connection of sectional pressure element (R8); The output of the first comparator (U1) is connected with the negative input end of the second comparator (U2); The output of the second comparator (U2) is connected with the control end of DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module, the control end of control module.
4. ammeter as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described reference voltage circuit comprises voltage stabilizing didoe (ZD3), electric capacity (C5), the two is in parallel, the anode of voltage stabilizing didoe (ZD3) is the negative pole of reference voltage circuit, and the negative electrode of voltage stabilizing didoe (ZD3) is the positive pole of reference voltage circuit.
5. ammeter as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, one end that described current limiting element (R11) connects back-up source positive terminal is also connected with decoupling element (C4), the other end ground connection of decoupling element (C4), the positive input terminal of described first comparator (U1) also connects decoupling element (C3), the other end ground connection of decoupling element (C3), is also connected current limiting element (R7) between the output of described first comparator (U1) and the positive terminal of back-up source.
6. ammeter as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, be also connected with resistance (R18) between the positive input terminal of described first comparator (U1) and its output.
7. ammeter as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described control module comprises P type field effect transistor or PNP type triode, its grid or base stage are the control ends of described control module, its source electrode or emitter connect the positive terminal of back-up source, and its drain electrode or collector electrode connect the positive terminal of energy-storage module.
8. ammeter as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, be also connected with current limiting element (R5) between the control end of described control module and the output of described voltage comparison module.
9. ammeter as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module comprises DC boosting voltage stabilizing chip, sectional pressure element (R13), sectional pressure element (R15);
The input of DC boosting voltage stabilizing chip is connected with the positive terminal of energy-storage module, its control end is the control end of DC boosting Voltage stabilizing module, its output is connected with described rectifier cell (D1), inductive element (L1) is also connected with between this end and input, the other end of rectifier cell (D1) is connected with the positive terminal of back-up source, this end is also connected with one end of sectional pressure element (R13), the other end of sectional pressure element (R13) connects the feedback end of DC boosting voltage stabilizing chip, this end also connects sectional pressure element (R15), the other end ground connection of sectional pressure element (R15), sectional pressure element (R13) and sectional pressure element (R15) combine, sectional pressure element (R13) is made to connect the voltage of rectifier cell (D1) one end below threshold voltage.
10. ammeter as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, described rectifier cell (D1) is diode, and its anode is the one end connecting described DC boosting voltage stabilizing chip output, and its negative electrode is the one end connecting described back-up source positive terminal.
11. ammeters as claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that, the negative electrode of described diode (D1) also connects decoupling element (C2), the other end ground connection of decoupling element (C2), the input of described DC boosting voltage stabilizing chip also connects decoupling element (C1), the other end ground connection of decoupling element (C1), the Enable Pin of described DC boosting voltage stabilizing chip also connects current limiting element (R6), and the other end of current limiting element (R6) connects the positive terminal of described back-up source.
12. ammeters as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described electrochemical capacitor is in parallel with voltage stabilizing didoe (ZD1), and the negative electrode of voltage stabilizing didoe (ZD1) connects the anode of electrochemical capacitor, and the anode of voltage stabilizing didoe (ZD1) connects the negative electrode of electrochemical capacitor.
13. ammeters as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the anode of described electrochemical capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of voltage stabilizing didoe (ZD1), the anode of voltage stabilizing didoe (ZD1) is connected with current limiting element (R1), the other end of current limiting element (R1) connects the negative electrode of electrochemical capacitor, is also connected with current limiting element (R3) between the positive terminal of described energy-storage module and the output of control module.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420438866.6U CN204131214U (en) | 2014-08-06 | 2014-08-06 | A kind of ammeter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420438866.6U CN204131214U (en) | 2014-08-06 | 2014-08-06 | A kind of ammeter |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN204131214U true CN204131214U (en) | 2015-01-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420438866.6U Expired - Fee Related CN204131214U (en) | 2014-08-06 | 2014-08-06 | A kind of ammeter |
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| CN (1) | CN204131214U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104092289A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2014-10-08 | 广东电网公司珠海供电局 | Ammeter |
| CN110932559A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-03-27 | 成都长城开发科技有限公司 | Power module of ammeter |
-
2014
- 2014-08-06 CN CN201420438866.6U patent/CN204131214U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104092289A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2014-10-08 | 广东电网公司珠海供电局 | Ammeter |
| CN110932559A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-03-27 | 成都长城开发科技有限公司 | Power module of ammeter |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20150128 |