CN204093852U - A kind of Equal-channel Angular Pressing special purpose device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a special device for equal-channel corner extrusion, which comprises: a fixed frame; a belt transmission mechanism, the belt transmission mechanism is used to transmit the rotational power output of the motor to the input shaft of the reducer, and after being decelerated by the reducer, Output; chain transmission mechanism, the chain transmission device is used to transmit the rotational motion output by the reducer to the horizontal movement mechanism; the horizontal movement mechanism, the horizontal movement mechanism is used to convert the rotational movement into low-speed horizontal movement; the mold fixing mechanism , the mold fixing mechanism is used to fix the mold for equal channel angular extrusion, and the mold is moved horizontally by the horizontal moving mechanism to complete the equal channel angular extrusion. This special device for equal-channel angular extrusion is specially developed according to the equal-channel angular extrusion process. It can change the high-speed rotation of the motor into low-speed horizontal movement, and the output extrusion force can be adjusted at any time according to the needs of the equal-channel angular extrusion process. With the speed of extrusion, it has the advantages of high efficiency, simple structure, good reliability and safe operation.

Description

A special device for equal channel angular extrusion

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanical processing and material forming, in particular to a special device for equal-channel corner extrusion.

Background technique

Equal channel angular extrusion is a technology that refines the structure of the material and improves the performance of the material by subjecting the material to large plastic deformation. In the 1990s, Valiev et al. used this technology to obtain ultra-fine-grained aluminum alloys with sub-micron grain sizes, which set off a wave of research by scholars from all over the world on the refinement of material structures by equal-channel angular extrusion. Up to now, more than ten kinds of materials, including pure metals, single-phase alloys, multi-phase alloys, and metal matrix composites, have been researched on the structure refinement of ECAEP, and submicron or nanometer microstructures have been obtained. Class ultra-fine grain structure, the performance of the material has been greatly improved after being refined by equal channel angular extrusion.

At present, the equal-channel angular extrusion process has been gradually popularized and applied through the experimental research in the laboratory, but there is no special device specially for the characteristics of this process. Since the equal-channel angular extrusion process is a large plastic deformation process, the extrusion speed is relatively slow during equal-channel angular extrusion, and excessive speed may easily lead to extrusion failure. At present, the sample preparation is mainly completed by a large-tonnage punching machine. Extrusion is mainly carried out by means of hydraulic pressure, but the production efficiency of this method is low and the operation is inconvenient, which limits the promotion and application of the equal-channel corner extrusion process.

Utility model content

The utility model aims at at least solving one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the purpose of this utility model is to propose a special device for equal channel angular extrusion for the equal channel angular extrusion process.

According to a special device for equal-channel corner extrusion of the present invention, it comprises: a fixing frame for fixing and installing other mechanisms, and the fixing frame is constructed into upper and lower layers. Motor, belt and reducer transmission mechanism; variable frequency motor that provides power, the frequency conversion motor can change its output speed according to actual needs; belt and reducer transmission mechanism, the belt and reducer transmission mechanism is connected with the motor through a pulley, can The speed of the motor is reduced and output through the reduction ratio of the belt and the reducer; the chain transmission mechanism is used to connect the lower layer of the fixed frame with the mechanism on the upper layer of the fixed frame, and the speed of the motor is reduced by the transmission ratio of the sprocket. Lower and output again; the horizontal moving mechanism, the horizontal moving mechanism is used to convert the rotational motion of the motor into a horizontal moving motion, and then push the mold to complete the equal channel corner extrusion; the mold fixing mechanism, the mold fixing mechanism is used to extrude As for the fixing of the die, one or more dies can be installed according to the needs of the equal channel angular extrusion, and the extrusion of one or more samples can be completed at one time.

According to a special device for equal-channel angular extrusion of the utility model, after the four-stage deceleration of the belt, reducer, chain and gear, the high-speed rotary motion of the motor can be changed into the low-speed horizontal movement of the horizontal moving mechanism, satisfying the equal-channel According to the relevant requirements of the angle extrusion process, by changing the power of the motor and the speed of the motor, the requirements of different sample sizes and different extrusion speeds can be met, and the installation position and size of the mold fixing mechanism can be changed to realize simultaneous extrusion of multiple samples. Extrusion significantly improves the efficiency of equal channel angular extrusion, and has a simple structure and convenient operation.

In addition, according to a special device for equal channel angular extrusion of the present invention, it can also have the following additional technical features:

The special device for equal-channel angular extrusion: belt and reducer transmission mechanism, the belt and reducer transmission mechanism is the transmission mechanism between the motor and the reducer, and the high-speed rotation of the motor is input to the reducer after being decelerated by the belt transmission. The input shaft of the reducer is decelerated by the reducer and output to the chain reduction mechanism through the output shaft of the reducer.

Specifically, the belt and reducer transmission mechanism mainly includes: a motor pulley, the motor pulley is installed on the output shaft of the motor; a reducer pulley, the reducer pulley is installed on the reducer input shaft; the belt, the The belt is mounted on the motor pulley and the reducer pulley.

The special device for equal-channel corner extrusion: a chain transmission mechanism, the chain transmission mechanism is a transmission mechanism between the reducer and the horizontal movement mechanism, and the rotational motion of the output shaft of the reducer is decelerated again by the chain transmission mechanism and then transmitted to the Horizontal movement mechanism.

Specifically, the chain transmission mechanism mainly includes: a small sprocket, the small sprocket is installed on the output shaft of the reducer; a large sprocket, the large sprocket is installed on the input shaft of the horizontal movement mechanism; the chain, The chain is installed on the small sprocket and the large sprocket; the key is installed between the small sprocket, the large sprocket and the shaft for torque transmission.

The special device for equal-channel angular extrusion: a horizontal movement mechanism, which adopts a rack and pinion transmission method to convert rotational motion into horizontal reciprocating motion.

Specifically, the horizontal movement mechanism includes: a gear shaft, the gear shaft is used to install a gear and a large sprocket; a gear, the gear is used to mesh with the rack, and its forward rotation or reverse rotation can drive the rack to reciprocate ; the rack, the rack is meshed with the gear, and the mold is pushed to complete the extrusion; the rack frame, the rack frame is designed with a track, which constrains the position of the rack to ensure that the rack moves in the horizontal direction; the shaft seat, the The shaft seat is used to fix and support the gear shaft; the pad, the pad is used to support the shaft seat; the rack shaft, the rack shaft is installed inside the rack, and rollers are installed at both ends of the rack shaft; the rollers, The rollers cooperate with the inner track of the rack frame to limit the degree of freedom of the rack and ensure that the rack moves along the horizontal direction.

The special device for equal-channel angular extrusion: a horizontal movement mechanism, which adopts a rack and pinion transmission method to convert rotational motion into horizontal reciprocating motion.

Specifically, the horizontal movement mechanism includes: a gear shaft, the gear shaft is used to install a gear and a large sprocket; a gear, the gear is used to mesh with the rack, and its forward rotation or reverse rotation can drive the rack to reciprocate ; the rack, the rack is meshed with the gear, and the mold is pushed to complete the extrusion; the rack frame, the rack frame is designed with a track, which constrains the position of the rack to ensure that the rack moves in the horizontal direction; the shaft seat, the The shaft seat is used to fix and support the gear shaft; the pad, the pad is used to support the shaft seat; the rack shaft, the rack shaft is installed inside the rack, and rollers are installed at both ends of the rack shaft; the rollers, The rollers cooperate with the inner track of the rack frame to limit the degree of freedom of the rack and ensure that the rack moves along the horizontal direction.

The special device for equal channel angular extrusion: a mold fixing mechanism, the mold fixing mechanism is used to fix one or more extrusion molds, so as to limit the positions of the molds from shifting during the extrusion process.

Specifically, the mold fixing mechanism includes: a mold, the mold is a special mold, an extrusion sample is installed inside the mold, and one end of the mold is embedded in the inside of the mold fixing block; a mold fixing block, the mold fixing block is installed on the fixing frame On, the mold fixing block is processed with grooves for inlaying one or more extrusion molds; the extrusion plate is installed on the rack and moves horizontally under the drive of the rack to push one or more extrusion dies. Multiple dies complete the extrusion.

According to a special device for equal channel angle extrusion of the utility model, the adjustment of extrusion number, extrusion force and extrusion speed can be realized, and the equal channel angle of different material properties, different sample sizes and different extrusion speeds can be satisfied. Extrusion process requirements, the device is specially designed for the equal-channel angular extrusion process, which can speed up the promotion and application of the equal-channel angular extrusion process, is conducive to the preparation of more high-performance materials, and provides another way to further improve the performance of materials. a way.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Description of drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present utility model will become apparent and easy to understand from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a front view of a special device for equal channel angular extrusion according to the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a rear view of a special device for equal channel angular extrusion according to the utility model;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a pushing mechanism according to the utility model; and

Fig. 4 is an isometric view of a special device for equal channel angular extrusion according to the utility model.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In this utility model, unless otherwise specified and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two elements. In the description of the present utility model, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

The following describes a special device for equal channel angular extrusion according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 4, which can be used in the fields of processing and manufacturing of metal materials and extrusion molding of materials.

A special device for equal-channel angular extrusion according to an embodiment of the utility model includes: a fixed frame 1, a belt and reducer transmission mechanism 2, a chain transmission mechanism 3, a horizontal movement mechanism 4, a mold fixing mechanism 5 and a motor 6.

As shown in Figure 1, the fixed frame 1 is structured into upper and lower layers, the motor 6, the belt and the reducer transmission mechanism 2 are installed and fixed on the lower layer of the fixed frame 1, and the horizontal moving mechanism 4 and the mold fixing mechanism 5 are installed on the bottom of the fixed frame 1. upper layer. The belt and reducer transmission mechanism is used for deceleration and torque increase, and transmits the motion of the motor after deceleration to the input shaft of the reducer, and then outputs after being further decelerated by the reducer. The horizontal movement mechanism 4 is used to convert the rotary motion into horizontal movement, and pushes the mold to complete the extrusion. The die fixing mechanism 5 is used for the fixed installation of one or more extrusion dies, which improves the spatial constraints for the extrusion dies and prevents the dies from moving during the extrusion process. As shown in FIG. 2 , the motor 6 is installed and fixed on the lower layer of the fixed frame 1 to provide power and rotational movement.

Belt and reducer transmission mechanism 2 is made up of motor pulley 21, reducer pulley 22, belt 23, reducer 24 and reducer fixing bolt 25, specifically, as shown in Figure 1, motor pulley 21 is installed on the output shaft of motor 6 Above, reducer pulley 22 is installed on the input shaft of reducer 24, belt 23 is installed between motor pulley 21 and reducer pulley 22, reducer 24 is fixedly installed on the fixed frame 1 by reducer fixing bolt 25. When the motor 6 rotates, it drives the motor belt 21 to rotate, and the motor pulley 21 drives the reducer pulley 22 to rotate through the belt 23. Through the belt transmission, the output speed of the motor 6 drives the reducer 24 input shaft through the reducer pulley 22 after the first stage of deceleration The rotation is output to the chain transmission mechanism 3 after being decelerated in the second stage by the speed reducer 24.

Chain transmission mechanism 3 is made up of small sprocket 31, key 32, large sprocket 33 and chain 34, specifically, as shown in Figure 1, small sprocket 31 is installed on the reducer 24 output shafts, and small sprocket 31 and deceleration A key 32 is installed between the output shafts of the device 24 for torque transmission, the large sprocket 33 is installed and fixed on the horizontal movement mechanism 4, and a chain 34 is installed between the small sprocket 31 and the large sprocket 33. When the output shaft of the reducer 24 rotates, the key 32 drives the small sprocket 31 to rotate, and the small sprocket drives the large sprocket 33 to rotate through the chain 34, so that the rotation of the reducer 24 is decelerated by the third stage of the sprocket transmission mechanism 3 The rotational motion of the motor 6 is transmitted to the horizontal movement mechanism 4 .

Horizontal movement mechanism 4 is mainly made up of gear shaft 41, shaft seat 42, shaft seat fixing bolt 43, rack frame 44, rack 45, roller shaft 46, roller 47 and gear 48, specifically, as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 As shown, a large sprocket 33 is installed on one end of the gear shaft 41, and a gear 46 is installed on the middle part. The gear 45 is placed in the rack frame 44, the bottom of the rack 45 is equipped with a roller shaft 46, the roller shaft 46 is equipped with a roller 47, and the roller 47 cooperates with the track processed in the rack frame 44 to ensure that the rack 45 can only move along the horizontal direction. move. When the large sprocket 33 rotates, it drives the gear shaft 41 to rotate, the gear shaft 41 drives the gear 48 to rotate, the gear 48 meshes with the rack 45, and the driving rack 45 moves in the rack frame 44 to convert the rotational motion of the motor into horizontal movement , when the equal-channel angular extrusion is completed, the motor 6 rotates in reverse, and the rack 45 moves in reverse.

Mold fixing mechanism 5 is made up of mold fixing block 51, mold 52, extruding plate 53 and mold fixing block fixing bolt 54, as shown in Fig. 54 is fixedly installed on the fixed frame 1, and the extruding plate 53 is connected with the ejector pin of the mold. The mold fixing block can be embedded with one or more molds according to extrusion needs. When the rack 45 moves, the rack 45 pushes the extrusion plate 53 to move, and the extrusion plate 53 pushes the mold 52 to complete the equal-channel corner extrusion.

When equal-channel angular extrusion is required, first put the sample into the mold 52, insert the mold 52 into the mold fixing block 51, start the motor 6, and then pass the belt and the reducer transmission mechanism 2, the chain transmission mechanism 3 And the horizontal moving mechanism 4 pushes the extrusion plate 53 through the rack 45 to complete the equal-channel angular extrusion of one or more samples.

When extrusion of samples of different sizes is required, the installation position of the mold fixing block 51 can be adjusted, and the mold 52 can be replaced to meet the extrusion needs of different sample sizes; when the number of extrusions needs to be changed, just Extrusion requirements can be met by changing the number of dies 52 .

In short, according to a special device for equal-channel angular extrusion according to the embodiment of the present invention, the high-speed rotational motion of the motor is converted into the low-speed moving motion of the rack after passing through various reduction mechanisms, changing the installation position of the mold block and the mold The number of samples can realize the equal-channel angular extrusion of different sample sizes and different sample numbers, and the extrusion speed and extrusion force required for extrusion can be adjusted by changing the speed and power of the motor. It has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and high efficiency. The device can be widely used in the molding of materials and the improvement of material properties, and is conducive to accelerating the popularization and application of equal-channel corner extrusion technology.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and modifications, the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (4)

1. an Equal-channel Angular Pressing special purpose device, is characterized in that, this device mainly comprises fixed mount, belt and decelerator transmission mechanism, chain drive, horizontal mobile mechanism and mould fixed mechanism.

2. a kind of Equal-channel Angular Pressing special purpose device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, by the Multi-stage transmission such as belt transmission, chain drive, the high speed rotary motion of motor is become the horizontal movement progress equal channel angular extrusion die of low speed of tooth bar, meet the requirement of Equal Channel Angular Pressing.

3. a kind of Equal-channel Angular Pressing special purpose device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, changes the size of the extruding force that this device exports by controlling the large I of alternating-current variable frequency motor power output; Can realize extruding and the conversion completing extruding by the direction of rotation controlling motor; The speed of Equal-channel Angular Pressing speed can be changed by the rotating speed changing motor, thus meet the demand of different extrusion process.

4. a kind of Equal-channel Angular Pressing special purpose device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, by changing the installation site of mould fixed mechanism, can realize the Equal-channel Angular Pressing of different size sample; Extruding while the installation number changing the mould of mould fixed mechanism can realize multiple sample.