CN203922727U - 一种浓废酸生产硫酸净化原料气系统 - Google Patents
一种浓废酸生产硫酸净化原料气系统 Download PDFInfo
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- CN203922727U CN203922727U CN201420313259.7U CN201420313259U CN203922727U CN 203922727 U CN203922727 U CN 203922727U CN 201420313259 U CN201420313259 U CN 201420313259U CN 203922727 U CN203922727 U CN 203922727U
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- gas
- acid
- spent acid
- sulphur
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- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound 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OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L Iron(II) chloride Chemical compound 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Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound 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[S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000002829 reduced Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
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- UIXRSLJINYRGFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium carbide Chemical compound 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[Ca+2].[C-]#[C-] UIXRSLJINYRGFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种浓废酸生产硫酸净化原料气系统，属于废酸处理和硫酸生产领域。是以硫磺为还原剂，浓废酸为氧化剂进行部分氧化还原反应生产硫酸净化原料气，未反应的高固含量的废酸进一步送气化分解，回收废酸中硫元素，分离废酸中固相渣；包括控温气化分解工序，氧化还原反应工序、热能回收工序和硫磺溶解工序。本实用新型的有益效果是：(1)通过加入硫磺，发生氧化还原反应，进入气化室的废酸量大幅下降，有效降低了气化热能消耗；大幅提高了硫酸原料气的产量；(2)控温气化比高温气化气化温度低，能耗低；(3)能源回收充分；(4)废固以干的固态渣形式排出，减少了污染。
Description
技术领域
[0001] 本发明属于废酸液处理领域和硫酸生产领域。本发明涉及一种浓废酸生产硫酸净化原料气系统。
背景技术
[0002] 一些工业生产使用硫酸产生浓废酸，如电石法PVC生产中混合气干燥用酸和乙炔清净用酸，都产生高浓度黑废硫酸(浓度为70%〜95% )，其外观黑粘、组成复杂，难以回收利用，给生态环保造成很大的压力。
[0003] 关于浓废酸的相关专利有:
[0004] CN1751984公开了一种废硫酸高温裂解、绝热增湿酸洗净化、两转两吸工艺，即烷基化废硫酸经高温裂解生产硫酸处理工艺，分废酸裂解净化工段、转化工段、干吸工段三部分，通过废酸处理工艺，使废硫酸在1000〜1100°c高温下裂解，经过酸洗净化、两次接触法转化及两次吸收，生产出合格的硫酸产品，以供烷基化装置再次使用，同时达到保护环境的目的，本工艺过程所使用的原料是单一的85〜90%的烷基化废硫酸，废硫酸回收率可达到90%。
[0005] 该专利很好地解决了单一的85〜90%的烷基化废硫酸的回收问题，但该工艺存在以下问题:(I)废酸裂解炉直接喷酸气化易使燃气燃烧不稳定、不完全；(2)高温裂解气经废热锅炉，温度降至350°C，易造成局部酸气冷凝，腐蚀废热锅炉；(3)废热锅炉回收热量后，直接采用稀酸洗涤降温，未能充分利用这一部分热能，还要因此增加废稀酸的量；(4)用稀酸洗涤后进一步用间冷器冷却，间冷器设备大，传热效率低。
[0006] CN102745653A公开了一种浓废酸生产硫酸净化原料气工艺，是以燃煤或燃气为能源，通过高温气化分解、余热回收、净化和降温除水工序，除水后的气体送硫酸生产的干燥、转化和吸收工序生产硫酸。
[0007] 该专利具有工艺流程设计合理，高温气化稳定，无酸气冷凝腐蚀废热锅炉，热能利用充分，废酸回收率高，传热传质效率高的优点。但废酸依然是全部气化，气化热较大，能源消耗依然有改进的余地。
发明内容
[0008] 本发明的目的在于提供一种浓废酸(浓度> 70% )的综合回收方法，进一步降低能源消耗，更多地生产硫酸净化原料气。
[0009] 一种浓废酸生产硫酸净化原料气系统，是以硫磺为还原剂，浓废酸为氧化剂进行部分氧化还原反应生产硫酸净化原料气，未反应的高固含量的废酸进一步送气化分解，回收废酸中硫元素，分离废酸中固相渣；包括控温气化分解工序，氧化还原反应工序、热能回收工序和硫磺溶解工序。
[0010] 所述控温气化分解工序由燃烧装置、烟道、气化室组成；
[0011] 所述氧化还原反应工序由文丘里反应混合器、反应分离器和高固废酸泵组成；
[0012] 所述热能回收工序由文丘里混合器、分离器和热废酸泵组成；
[0013] 所述硫磺熔解工序由熔硫釜和熔料泵组成。
[0014] 应用本申请的一种浓废酸生产硫酸净化原料气系统，包括以下步骤:
[0015] a、硫磺熔解
[0016] 用热的废酸在熔硫釜中熔解硫磺，熔硫釜中液相温度控制在110〜150°C，熔硫后用熔料泵输送到氧化还原反应工序；
[0017] b、氧化还原反应
[0018] 熔料泵输送来的反应混合料进入文丘里反应混合器的喉部，与含SO3的烟气混合，反应混合料吸收SO3气体，硫酸浓度得到提高，同时吸收烟气的热，温度得到升高，在热的浓硫酸氛围下，反生氧化还原反应，生产得到SO2;在反应分离器中进一步发生氧化还原反应并实现气液分离，反应气相送热能回收工序，反应后液固混合物用高固浓酸泵送控温气化工序；
[0019] C、控温气化分解
[0020] 以燃煤或燃气为能源，在燃烧装置中燃烧，高温烟气通过烟道进入气化室，气化室中烟气进口温度600〜900°C，出口温度调节至300〜500°C ;高固浓酸泵送来的高固废酸在气化室中喷雾与烟气接触，高固含量的废酸反生气化分离，气化气相送氧化还原工序，固相为酸渣从气化室底部排放；
[0021] d、热能回收与净化
[0022] 氧化还原反应工序产生的硫酸原料气与烟气混合气中含有少量酸气，在文丘里混合器中与输入的浓废酸混合，混合气温度降低，混合气中少量酸气被吸收，与此同时，浓废酸回收了混合气的热能，温度提高，物料在分离器中实现气液分离，净化的硫酸原料气送后续过程；液相用热废酸泵输送到硫磺熔解工序。
[0023] 本发明具体体现在以下几点:
[0024] (I)通过加入硫磺，发生氧化还原反应，进入气化室的废酸量大幅下降，有效降低了气化热能消耗；大幅提闻了硫酸原料气的广量；
[0025] (2)控温气化比高温气化气化温度低，能耗低；更是确保了氧化还原反应工序的硫酸浓度，从而保障了氧化还原反应的顺利进行；
[0026] (3)能源回收充分，氧化还原反应工序是在吸收烟气热的前提下进行的，吸收热的同时也净化了烟气；用原料浓废酸进一步回收热量，也同时进一步净化了硫酸生产原料气。
[0027] (4)废固以干的固态渣形式排出，减少了污染也便于进一步处理。
附图说明
[0028] 附图1是本发明的工艺流程示意图
[0029] 图1中1-燃烧装置，2-烟道，3-气化室，4-文丘里反应混合器，5-反应分离器，6-高固废酸泵，7-文丘里混合器，8-分离器，9-热废酸泵，10-熔硫釜，11-熔料泵；A-空气，B-燃煤或燃气，C-净化原料气，D-浓废酸，E-硫磺，F-酸渣G。
[0030] 以下具体实施方式结合附图对本发明的生产工艺作进一步说明。
具体实施方式
[0031] 实施例1
[0032] 参照图1，一种浓废酸生产硫酸净化原料气系统，是以硫磺为还原剂，浓废酸为氧化剂进行部分氧化还原反应生产硫酸净化原料气，未反应的高固含量的废酸进一步送气化分解，回收废酸中硫元素，分离废酸中固相渣；包括控温气化分解工序，氧化还原反应工序、热能回收工序和硫磺溶解工序。
[0033] 所述控温气化分解工序由燃烧装置1、烟道2、气化室3组成；
[0034] 所述氧化还原反应工序由文丘里反应混合器4、反应分离器5和高固废酸泵6组成；
[0035] 所述热能回收工序由文丘里混合器7、分离器8和热废酸泵9组成；
[0036] 所述硫磺熔解工序由熔硫釜10和熔料泵11组成。
[0037] 应用本申请的一种浓废酸生产硫酸净化原料气系统，包括以下步骤:
[0038] a、硫磺熔解
[0039] 用热的废酸在熔硫釜10中熔解硫磺E，熔硫釜10中液相温度控制在90〜110°C，熔硫后用熔料泵11输送到氧化还原反应工序；
[0040] b、氧化还原反应
[0041] 熔料泵11输送来的反应混合料进入文丘里反应混合器4的喉部，与含SO3的烟气混合，反应混合料吸收SO3气体，硫酸浓度得到提高，同时吸收烟气的热，温度得到升高，在热的浓硫酸氛围下，反生氧化还原反应，生产得到SO2 ;在反应分离器5中进一步发生氧化还原反应并实现气液分离，反应气相送热能回收工序，反应后液固混合物用高固浓酸泵6送控温气化工序；
[0042] C、控温气化分解
[0043] 以燃煤或燃气B为能源，通入助燃空气A，在燃烧装置I中燃烧，高温烟气通过烟道2进入气化室3，气化室3中烟气进口温度600〜900°C，出口温度调节至300〜500°C ;高固浓酸泵送来的高固废酸在气化室3中喷雾与燃烧烟气接触，高固含量的废酸反生气化分离，气化气相送氧化还原工序，固相为酸渣F从气化室3底部排放；
[0044] d、热能回收与净化
[0045] 氧化还原反应工序产生的硫酸原料气与烟气混合气中含有少量酸气，在文丘里混合器7中与输入的浓废酸D混合，混合气温度降低，混合气中少量酸气被吸收，与此同时，浓废酸回收了混合气的热能，温度提高，物料在分离器8中实现气液分离，净化的硫酸原料气C送后续过程；液相用热废酸泵9输送到硫磺熔解工序。
[0046] 实施效果:废硫酸回收率> 99%。
[0047] 本发明的有益效果是:(I)通过加入硫磺，发生氧化还原反应，进入气化室的废酸量大幅下降，有效降低了气化热能消耗；大幅提高了硫酸原料气的产量；(2)控温气化比高温气化气化温度低，能耗低；(3)能源回收充分；(4)废固以干的固态渣形式排出，减少了污染。
Claims (3)
1.一种浓废酸生产硫酸净化原料气系统，是以硫磺为还原剂，浓废酸为氧化剂进行部分氧化还原反应生产硫酸净化原料气，未反应的高固含量的废酸进一步送气化分解，回收废酸中硫元素，分离废酸中固相渣；包括控温气化分解工序，氧化还原反应工序、热能回收工序和硫磺溶解工序。
2.根据权利要求1所述的浓废酸生产硫酸净化原料气系统，其特征在于: 所述控温气化分解工序由燃烧装置、烟道、气化室组成； 所述氧化还原反应工序由文丘里反应混合器、反应分离器和高固废酸泵组成； 所述热能回收工序由文丘里混合器、分离器和热废酸泵组成； 所述硫磺熔解工序由熔硫釜和熔料泵组成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的浓废酸生产硫酸净化原料气系统，其特征在于:包括以下步骤: a、硫磺熔解 用热的废酸在熔硫釜中熔解硫磺，熔硫釜中液相温度控制在110〜150°C，熔硫后用熔料泵输送到氧化还原反应工序； b、氧化还原反应 熔料泵输送来的反应混合料进入文丘里反应混合器的喉部，与含SO3的烟气混合，反应混合料吸收SO3气体，硫酸浓度得到提高，同时吸收烟气的热，温度得到升高，在热的浓硫酸氛围下，反生氧化还原反应，生产得到SO2 ;在反应分离器中进一步发生氧化还原反应并实现气液分离，反应气相送热能回收工序，反应后液固混合物用高固浓酸泵送控温气化工序; C、控温气化分解 以燃煤或燃气为能源，在燃烧装置中燃烧，高温烟气通过烟道进入气化室，气化室中烟气进口温度600〜900°C，出口温度调节至300〜500°C ;高固浓酸泵送来的高固废酸在气化室中喷雾与烟气接触，高固含量的废酸反生气化分离，气化气相送氧化还原工序，固相为酸渣从气化室底部排放； d、热能回收与净化 氧化还原反应工序产生的硫酸原料气与烟气混合气中含有少量酸气，在文丘里混合器中与输入的浓废酸混合，混合气温度降低，混合气中少量酸气被吸收，与此同时，浓废酸回收了混合气的热能，温度提高，物料在分离器中实现气液分离，净化的硫酸原料气送后续过程；液相用热废酸泵输送到硫磺熔解工序。
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| CN104016311B (zh) * | 2014-06-09 | 2016-03-02 | 淮南市明月环保科技有限责任公司 | 一种浓废酸生产硫酸净化原料气系统 |
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