CN203882629U - Passive heat exporting system of safety shell - Google Patents
Passive heat exporting system of safety shell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN203882629U CN203882629U CN201420152117.7U CN201420152117U CN203882629U CN 203882629 U CN203882629 U CN 203882629U CN 201420152117 U CN201420152117 U CN 201420152117U CN 203882629 U CN203882629 U CN 203882629U
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- water
- water tank
- pipeline section
- liquid
- containment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a design technology of a reactor safety system and particularly relates to a passive heat exporting system of a safety shell. The passive heat exporting system comprises a heat exchanger arranged in the safety shell, wherein the heat of high-temperature humid air in the safety shell is exported by wall condensation and convective heat transfer on a heat exchange pipe of the heat exchanger, and cooling water in the heated pipe is discharged outside the safety shell by means of natural circular driving force (density difference between a descending pipe section and an ascending pipe section). For the generated high-temperature cooling water, one part of the cooling water is scattered to atmosphere in the form of steam, and the other part of the cooling water is collected again in the form of liquid water, and is converged into a water tank. The top part of the water tank is provided with a liquid water collecting and cooling system with functions of steam-water separation, evaporation, water collection and filtering. The passive heat exporting system has the advantages that when the accident conditions (including design reference accidents and serious accidents) of the temperature rising and pressure rising phenomena in the safety shell occurs at a nuclear power station, the pressure and the temperature of the safety shell are reduced to the acceptable level, so that the completeness of the safety shell can be maintained.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to reactor safety system designing technique, is specifically related to a kind of passive containment thermal conduction system.
Background technology
Since the eighties in last century, the countries such as the U.S., Japan, France, Germany, Russia have carried out the research of passive technology, and the non-passive safety advanced nuclear plant AP1000 generation Ⅲ nuclear power unit of wherein take is representative.
The Passive containment cooling system of U.S. AP1000 adopt non-enabling fashion the dissipation of heat in containment to ultimate heat sink-atmosphere, as shown in Figure 1.Under accidental conditions, air enters from shielding structures top entrance 1, flows through after decline passway again oppositely by rising runner, takes away the heat of containment chamber wall transmission, finally from chimney, drains into environment, and gravity water injecting tank 2 is set above containment.Receive after containment high pressure signal, after the accident of system, operation starts automatically, only needs to open three normal any one of closing in isolation valve, does not need other actions can start system.The startup of system also can be manually booted at master-control room or long-range shutdown workstation by operator.
No matter from security or economy, consider, the security level that adopts passive containment thermal conduction system to improve nuclear power plant is trend of the times, adopt passive containment thermal conduction system, guarantee the long-term heat extraction of containment in beyond design basis accident situation, can maintain the integrality of containment, alleviate the consequence of major accident.Reactor is reached or there is the security level of three generations's nuclear power station.Passive containment thermal conduction system is set and can meets China nuclear safety codes HAF102(2004) keep the requirement of containment integrity and containment heat extraction under the major accident stipulated in < < nuclear power plant design safety regulation > >, meet in EUR and URD about guaranteeing the heat extraction requirement of containment under beyond design basis accident.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is the needs for nuclear plant safety design, a kind of passive containment thermal conduction system is provided, the accident conditions of increasing temperature and pressure phenomenon in nuclear power station exists containment is when (comprising design basis accident and major accident), containment pressure and temperature is reduced to acceptable level, to keep the integrality of containment.
The technical solution of the utility model is as follows: a kind of passive containment thermal conduction system, comprise the heat interchanger that is arranged on containment inside and the water tank that is arranged on containment outside, the position of described water tank is higher than described heat interchanger, heat interchanger is provided with rising pipeline section and decline pipeline section, described water tank bottom is connected with heat exchanger entrance by described decline pipeline section, described rising pipeline section is upward through described water tank, the top outlet of rising pipeline section is connected with cooling system with the liquid water collection of water tank top, in described tedge section, be positioned at different liquid levels place on the body of water tank and be provided with several ascent stages outlet and valvings.
Further, passive containment thermal conduction system as above, wherein, described liquid water collection and cooling system comprise liquid water collection and the evaporation filtration unit that is arranged on described water tank top, liquid water collection and evaporation filtration unit outside are provided with drainage hood, on the top of drainage hood, wind force intensified device is set, the bottom of drainage hood arranges air-vent, and described liquid water collection is connected water tank water filling port with evaporation filtration unit.
Further, passive containment thermal conduction system as above, wherein, a kind of implementation of described liquid water collection and evaporation filtration unit is the evaporation Water-collecting filtering plate that is arranged on the outlet below, the top of described rising pipeline section; Or, the another kind of implementation of described liquid water collection and evaporation filtration unit comprises liquid water collection plate and spiral liquid film evaporation cold plate, described spiral liquid film evaporation cold plate is spiral structure drop, the bottom of spiral liquid film evaporation cold plate is connected with porous filtering water collection sheet, and described porous filtering water collection sheet connects water tank water filling port.
Further, passive containment thermal conduction system as above, wherein, the valving that is positioned at several ascent stage exits settings of water tank in described tedge section is normal closed gate device, normal closed gate device is connected with liquid level sensor, with low-water level signal, triggers and opens.
Further, passive containment thermal conduction system as above, wherein, in described several ascent stage outlets between any two, installs for weakening the porous fabric that water tank water flow inside is mixed respectively.
Further, passive containment thermal conduction system as above wherein, arranges at containment the containment isolating valve of often opening outward respectively on described rising pipeline section and decline pipeline section.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: (1) adopts non-active scheme to discharge heat in containment, has improved the inherent safety of system; (2) system can guarantee the long-term heat extraction of containment in design basis and beyond design basis accident situation, comprise the accident relevant with spray system fault to station blackout, improve the dependence of traditional active security system nuclear power plant to safe level power supply, improved the security of power plant; (3) can significantly improve radiomaterial under major accident and to environment, discharge the probabilistic safety index of frequency (LERF); (4) can automatic realizing system heat removal capacity and the power match of containment heat extraction demand, intelligentized adjusting cooling effect, especially can provide obviously higher heat removal capacity at the accident initial stage; (5) can realize making full use of of the interior cooling medium of water tank, for the nonintervention time after winning longer accident provides equipment basis.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The Passive containment cooling system schematic diagram of Tu1Wei U.S. AP1000;
Fig. 2 is passive containment thermal conduction system structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the utility model liquid water collection and cooling system.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is described in detail.
A kind of passive containment thermal conduction system provided by the utility model (pcs system) adopts passive technology, while there is station blackout, in the situation that there is no Operator actions, system puts into operation automatically, utilizes Natural Circulation to realize the long-term heat extraction of containment.In the situation that operating without operator, the non-active heat extraction time of containment can maintain more than 100 hours, after 100 hours, can consider other moisturizing means.
As shown in Figure 2, pcs system design adopts non-active design concept, comprise the heat interchanger 11 that is arranged on containment 10 inside and the water tank 7 that is arranged on containment 10 outsides, heat interchanger 11 is connected with decline pipeline section 19 by rising pipeline section 9 with water tank 7, is provided with respectively the containment isolating valve 18,20 of often opening on rising pipeline section 9 and decline pipeline section 19 outside containment 10.Utilization is arranged in the heat interchanger 11 in containment 10, condensation and the convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection of the heat exchanger tube outside wall surface by heat interchanger 11, the heat of containment 10 interior High Temperature Moist Airs is taken out of, by Natural Circulation driving force (density differences that decline pipeline section 19 and rising pipeline section are 9), by cooling water drainage in heated pipe outside containment 10, the high-temperature cooling water producing, a part is fallen apart toward atmosphere with vapor form, and another part is collected again with the form of aqueous water.In the collection process of liquid water collection and evaporation filtration unit, high-temperature cooling water can obtain significantly cooling (cooling 20-40 degree), thereby with the remittance water tank 7 of lower temperature.The position of water tank 7 is higher than heat interchanger 11, and water tank 7 bottoms are connected with heat interchanger 11 entrances by decline pipeline section 19, can under Action of Gravity Field, cooling medium constantly be injected to heat interchanger in a steady stream, to complete lasting system band thermal cycle.Because system is driven by Natural Circulation, the interior temperature of containment 10 is higher, the heat transfer intensity on heat interchanger 11 surfaces is larger, water in heat-transfer pipe will obtain higher temperature, also mean that rising pipeline section 9 has less density, thereby cause density difference larger between rising pipeline section 9 and decline pipeline section 19, so system obtains larger drive ram, bring stronger circulation velocity.Vice versa.Be that the heat removal capacity of system can be realized Auto-matching and the balance with heat extraction demand.
Described rising pipeline section 9 is upward through described water tank 7, on described rising pipeline section 9, is provided with a plurality of outlets, and wherein, A5 is higher than water tank 7 in the top of rising pipeline section outlet--ascent stage outlet, and its location arrangements is in liquid water collection and cooling system.At rising pipeline section 9, be positioned at different liquid levels place on the body of water tank 7 and be respectively equipped with several ascent stages outlets, as the ascent stage outlet B15 in Fig. 2, ascent stage outlet C16 and ascent stage outlet D17, and arrange in turn in short transverse, each exit correspondence arranges valving.Described valving is normal closed gate device, and normal closed gate device is connected with liquid level sensor, and triggers and open with low-water level signal.
Along with evaporation of water, the water level 14 in water tank 7 declines gradually, so trigger step by step ascent stage outlet B15, the valve open of ascent stage outlet C16 and ascent stage outlet D17.On the one hand, the valve of opening has step by step guaranteed the maintaining of the systemic circulation ability gateway difference in height of the natural cycle system (excessive may cause circulation to set up), on the other hand, open step by step after the ascent stage outlet valve of lower position, steam is still discharged by ascent stage outlet A5, and aqueous water directly imports water tank 7 by the ascent stage outlet of lower position.
In described water tank 7 inside, respectively at ascent stage outlet B15, ascent stage outlet C16 and ascent stage outlet D17 between any two, have installed for weakening water tank water flow inside and have mixed, but do not hindered the porous fabric 8 being communicated with between the water layer of differing heights.
Porous fabric 8 can play and hinder the object that the interior current of water tank 7 are mixed, guarantee that high-temperature water floats over top, water at low temperature is gathered in water tank 7 bottoms, can bring thus two effects, the one, water tank 7 bottom cooling mediums will be directly along decline pipeline section 19 inflow heat exchangers 11, and the inlet water temperature of heat interchanger 11 is lower, and the heat extraction power of system is stronger, be conducive to the interior heat of containment 10 and discharge faster, can realize the maximization of its security function; The 2nd, hot water floats on top, is more conducive to the evaporative effect of the water surface, thereby more can strengthen the evaporative cooling effect of atmosphere to water tank 7, thereby indirectly reduces heat interchanger 11 inlet water temperatures, the i.e. heat removal capacity of consolidation system.
The utility model has designed liquid water collection and cooling system above water tank, and its structure as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3.Liquid water collection and cooling system comprise liquid water collection and the evaporation filtration unit that is arranged on described water tank 7 tops, liquid water collection and evaporation filtration unit outside are provided with drainage hood 4, wind force intensified device 3 is set on the top of drainage hood 4, and the bottom of drainage hood 4 arranges air-vent 6,12.
Described liquid water collection and evaporation filtration unit can be better simply structure, be positioned at as shown in Figure 2 the evaporation Water-collecting filtering plate 13 of ascent stage outlet A5 below, evaporation Water-collecting filtering plate 13 expansion evaporation from water surface areas are also collected condensate water, and aqueous water is imported to water tank.
The utility model also provides the structure of another kind of liquid water collection and evaporation filtration unit simultaneously, as shown in Figure 3, comprise liquid water collection plate 21 and spiral liquid film evaporation cold plate 22, the position of liquid water collection plate 21 is corresponding with the position of ascent stage outlet A5, described spiral liquid film evaporation cold plate 22 is spiral structure drop, the bottom of spiral liquid film evaporation cold plate 22 is connected with porous filtering water collection sheet 24, and described porous filtering water collection sheet 24 connects water tank water filling port 25.Heated high-temperature cooling water sprays to liquid water collection plate 21, liquid water stream is to the top of spiral liquid film evaporation cold plate 22, along with the inclined-plane of cold plate, current spiral declines, and launches to become liquid film, in reverse flow and the strong wind field of disturbance, evaporation is obvious, and is significantly lowered the temperature simultaneously, and the current of low temperature are assembled in the bottom of spiral liquid film evaporation cold plate 22, by porous filtering water collection sheet 24, finally enter water tank water filling port 25.
It is conical that described drainage hood 4 is, and drainage hood inner side along the circumferential direction can also arrange that several Secondary Flows mix the wing, in order to cause the cross flow of air-flow in drainage hood air channel.
Wind force intensified device 3 can adopt solar wind force intensifying device, comprises and is installed on the solar panel of air channel outside wall surface and the blower fan in air channel.By solar wind force intensifying device 3, drainage hood 4 with via the design of air-vent 6,12 and liquid water collection and the evaporation filtration unit of particular design, increase water surface wind-force and expanded evaporation from water surface area, strengthened the evaporation capacity of high temperature coolant, thereby make water tank 7 can finally collect the cooling medium of lower temperature, so indirectly promote the heat removal capacity of system, and finally realize in containment 10 decrease temperature and pressure greatly.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification and not depart from spirit and scope of the present utility model the utility model.Like this, if of the present utility model these are revised and within modification belongs to the scope of the utility model claim and equivalent technology thereof, the utility model is also intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.
Claims (7)
1. a passive containment thermal conduction system, comprise and be arranged on the inner heat interchanger (11) of containment (10) and be arranged on the outside water tank (7) of containment (10), the position of described water tank (7) is higher than described heat interchanger (11), heat interchanger (11) is provided with rising pipeline section (9) and decline pipeline section (19), described water tank (7) bottom is connected with heat interchanger (11) entrance by described decline pipeline section (19), it is characterized in that: described rising pipeline section (9) is upward through described water tank (7), the top outlet (5) of rising pipeline section is connected with cooling system with the liquid water collection of water tank (7) top, at described rising pipeline section (9), be positioned at different liquid levels place on the body of water tank (7) and be provided with several ascent stages outlets (15, 16, 17) and valving.
2. passive containment thermal conduction system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described liquid water collection and cooling system comprise liquid water collection and the evaporation filtration unit that is arranged on described water tank (7) top, liquid water collection and evaporation filtration unit outside are provided with drainage hood (4), on the top of drainage hood (4), wind force intensified device (3) is set, the bottom of drainage hood (4) arranges air-vent (6,12), and described liquid water collection is connected water tank water filling port (25) with evaporation filtration unit.
3. passive containment thermal conduction system as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described liquid water collection and evaporation filtration unit are the evaporation Water-collecting filtering plate (13) that is arranged on the top outlet (5) below of described rising pipeline section.
4. passive containment thermal conduction system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described liquid water collection and evaporation filtration unit comprise liquid water collection plate (21) and spiral liquid film evaporation cold plate (22), described spiral liquid film evaporation cold plate (22) is spiral structure drop, the bottom of spiral liquid film evaporation cold plate (22) is connected with porous filtering water collection sheet (24), and described porous filtering water collection sheet (24) connects water tank water filling port (25).
5. the passive containment thermal conduction system as described in any one in claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: at described rising pipeline section (9), being positioned at the valving that several outlets (15,16,17) of water tank locate to arrange ascent stages is normal closed gate device, normal closed gate device is connected with liquid level sensor, with low-water level signal, triggers and opens.
6. passive containment thermal conduction system as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: in described several ascent stage outlets (15,16,17) between any two, install for weakening the porous fabric (8) that water tank water flow inside is mixed respectively.
7. the passive containment thermal conduction system as described in any one in claim 1-4, is characterized in that: on described rising pipeline section (9) and decline pipeline section (19), at containment, the containment isolating valve (18,20) of often opening is set outward respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201420152117.7U CN203882629U (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2014-03-31 | Passive heat exporting system of safety shell |
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CN201420152117.7U CN203882629U (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2014-03-31 | Passive heat exporting system of safety shell |
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CN201420152117.7U Withdrawn - After Issue CN203882629U (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2014-03-31 | Passive heat exporting system of safety shell |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103956193A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-07-30 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Passive containment heat removal system |
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2014
- 2014-03-31 CN CN201420152117.7U patent/CN203882629U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103956193A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-07-30 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Passive containment heat removal system |
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C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20141015 Effective date of abandoning: 20170104 |
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AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |