CN203850835U - A suppression system for induced current and voltage between double-circuit lines on the same tower - Google Patents
A suppression system for induced current and voltage between double-circuit lines on the same tower Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种同塔双回线路间感应电流电压的抑制系统,它包括分别与线路Ⅰ和线路Ⅱ连接的两个变电站及其接地刀闸控制系统,在第一变电站的接地刀闸与地网之间串联设置一个阻抗,阻抗并联连接一个接触器。本实用新型通过采用在变电站的接地刀闸与地网之间串联阻抗-接触器的并联系统来实现既抑制感应电流又不增加线路电压的目的,为降低检修时操作的复杂度,针对原有接地刀闸的操作回路进行优化设计,实现对与阻抗并联接触器投切的自动控制。本实用新型即能有效降低电磁感应电流,满足开合大容量、长距离、紧凑型同塔双回输电线路的需要,降低了设备造价;而且也提供了一种在已建成变电站电磁感应电流电压超标时不需要更换接地刀闸的解决方案。
A suppression system for induced current and voltage between double-circuit lines on the same tower, which includes two substations connected to line I and line II respectively and their grounding switch control system, between the grounding switch of the first substation and the ground network One impedance is set in series, and one contactor is connected in parallel with the impedance. The utility model achieves the purpose of suppressing the induced current without increasing the line voltage by adopting a parallel system of impedance-contactors connected in series between the grounding switch and the ground network of the substation. In order to reduce the complexity of the operation during maintenance, the original The operation circuit of the grounding knife switch is optimized to realize the automatic control of the switching of the contactor connected in parallel with the impedance. The utility model can effectively reduce the electromagnetic induction current, meet the needs of opening and closing large-capacity, long-distance, compact double-circuit power transmission lines on the same tower, and reduce the equipment cost; and also provide an electromagnetic induction current voltage in the completed substation. The solution that does not need to replace the grounding knife switch when the standard is exceeded.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及输电线路检修技术领域,具体地说是一种同塔双回线路间感应电流电压的抑制系统。The utility model relates to the technical field of transmission line maintenance, in particular to a suppression system for induced current and voltage between double-circuit lines on the same tower.
背景技术Background technique
随着电网的发展以及输电线路走廊的日趋紧张,为降低输电走廊的占地面积,同塔双回甚至多回输电线路得到大面积应用。同塔双回输电线路的两回线路之间存在着较强的静电耦合和电磁耦合,当一回线路正常运行,另一回线路停电检修时,停运线路上会产生感应电流电压。With the development of the power grid and the increasing tension of transmission line corridors, in order to reduce the area occupied by transmission corridors, double-circuit or even multi-circuit transmission lines on the same tower have been widely used. There is strong electrostatic coupling and electromagnetic coupling between the two circuits of the double-circuit transmission line on the same tower. When one circuit is in normal operation and the other circuit is powered off for maintenance, induced current and voltage will be generated on the outage line.
同塔双回输电线路两条线路之间的耦合主要有静电耦合和电磁耦合,假设线路Ⅰ正常运行,线路Ⅱ停电检修,以检修线路的A相作为研究对象,则线路间的耦合如图1和图2所示,在图1和图2中,CⅠAⅡA、CⅠBⅡA、CⅠCⅡA表示线路ⅠABC三相与线路ⅡA相之间单位长度的电容,CⅡA表示线路Ⅱ单位长度的电容;MⅠAⅡA、MⅠBⅡA、MⅠCⅡA表示线路ⅠABC三相与线路ⅡA相之间单位长度的互感,LⅡA表示线路Ⅱ单位长度的自感。线路Ⅰ电压为UⅠA、UⅠB、UⅠC电流为IⅠA、IⅠB、IⅠC;线路ⅡA相静电感应电压为UⅡSA,静电感应电流为IⅡSA;线路ⅡA相电磁感应电压为UⅡMA,电磁感应电流为IⅡMA。The coupling between the two lines of the double-circuit transmission line on the same tower mainly includes electrostatic coupling and electromagnetic coupling. Assuming that line I is in normal operation and line II is powered off for maintenance, and taking phase A of the maintenance line as the research object, the coupling between lines is shown in Figure 1 As shown in Fig. 2, in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, C ⅠAIIA , C IBⅡA , and C ICⅡA represent the capacitance per unit length between the three-phase line ⅠABC and the line ⅡA phase, and C ⅡA represents the capacitance per unit length of line Ⅱ; M ⅠAIIA , M Ⅰ B Ⅱ A , M IC Ⅱ A represent the mutual inductance per unit length between the three-phase line ⅠABC and the line ⅡA phase, and L ⅡA represents the self-inductance per unit length of line Ⅱ. Line Ⅰ voltage is U ⅠA , U ⅠB , U IC current is I ⅠA , I IB , I IC ; line ⅡA phase electrostatic induction voltage is U ⅡSA , electrostatic induction current is I ⅡSA ; line ⅡA phase electromagnetic induction voltage is U ⅡMA , electromagnetic induction The current is I ⅡMA .
如图1所示,当检修线路两侧接地开关均处于断开状态时,静电感应电压在检修线路上起重要作用,容易得到:As shown in Figure 1, when the grounding switches on both sides of the maintenance line are in the off state, the electrostatic induction voltage plays an important role on the maintenance line, and it is easy to obtain:
由(1)式可见,静电感应电压仅与电压等级及线路相间电容的不平衡有关系,与线路长度及传输功率无关。It can be seen from formula (1) that the electrostatic induction voltage is only related to the voltage level and the unbalance of capacitance between phases of the line, and has nothing to do with the length of the line and the transmission power.
当检修线路一侧接地开关处于断开状态,另一侧接地开关处于合闸状态,线路上流过的电流主要为静电感应电流,可得:When the grounding switch on one side of the maintenance line is in the off state and the grounding switch on the other side is in the closing state, the current flowing on the line is mainly electrostatic induction current, which can be obtained as follows:
ISIIA=jωl(CIAIIA·UIA+CIBIIA·UIB+CICIIA·UIC) (2)I SIIA =jωl(C IAIIA ·U IA +C IBIIA ·U IB +C ICIIA ·U IC ) (2)
由(2)式可见,静电感应电流与电压等级、线路相间电容的不平衡、线路长度均有关系,与线路传输功率无关。It can be seen from formula (2) that the electrostatic induction current is related to the voltage level, the unbalance of capacitance between phases of the line, and the length of the line, but has nothing to do with the transmission power of the line.
如图2所示,当检修线路一侧接地开关处于断开状态,另一侧接地开关处于合闸状态,线路接地开关断开侧的电压主要为电磁感应电压,可得:As shown in Figure 2, when the grounding switch on one side of the maintenance line is in the disconnected state and the grounding switch on the other side is in the closing state, the voltage on the disconnected side of the line grounding switch is mainly electromagnetic induction voltage, which can be obtained as follows:
UMIIA=jωl(MIAIIA·IIA+MIBIIA·IIB+MICIIA·IIC) (3)U MIIA =jωl(M IAIIA ·I IA +M IBIIA ·I IB +M ICIIA ·I IC ) (3)
由(3)式可见,电磁感应电压与线路传输功率、线路相间耦合电感的不平衡、线路长度均有关系,与电压等级无关。It can be seen from formula (3) that the electromagnetic induction voltage is related to the transmission power of the line, the unbalance of the coupling inductance between the phases of the line, and the length of the line, and has nothing to do with the voltage level.
当检修线路两侧接地开关均处于闭合状态时,流过线路的电流主要为电磁感应电流,可得:When the grounding switches on both sides of the maintenance line are in the closed state, the current flowing through the line is mainly electromagnetic induction current, which can be obtained as follows:
由(4)式可见,电磁感应电流仅与线路传输功率和线路相间耦合电感的不平衡有关系,与电压等级及线路长度无关。It can be seen from (4) that the electromagnetic induction current is only related to the unbalance of the line transmission power and the coupling inductance between the lines, and has nothing to do with the voltage level and the line length.
为了保证检修人员的安全,对于同塔双回线路进行检修时,必须先合上检修线路两侧的接地刀闸并挂上接地线;检修结束,转正常运行方式时,又需要先断开检修线路两侧接地刀闸,然后进行倒闸操作送电。在整个过程中,线路两侧接地刀闸需要先投入后退出,期间需要开合从运行线路向检修线路感应过来的电流电压。In order to ensure the safety of the maintenance personnel, when performing maintenance on the double-circuit line on the same tower, the grounding knife switch on both sides of the maintenance line must be closed and the grounding wire must be connected; Ground the knife switch on both sides of the line, and then perform switching operation to transmit power. During the whole process, the grounding switch on both sides of the line needs to be put in first and then withdrawn. During this period, the current and voltage induced from the running line to the maintenance line need to be switched on and off.
由于接地刀闸本身结构的特点,其切断电流电压的能力很弱。同塔双回线路间的耦合作用对接地刀闸的切除能力造成了很大的考验,尤其是随着经济的发展,大容量、长距离、紧凑型同塔双回路的出现,对接地刀闸的性能要求更为苛刻。Due to the characteristics of the structure of the grounding switch itself, its ability to cut off the current and voltage is very weak. The coupling effect between the double-circuit lines on the same tower has caused a great test to the cutting ability of the grounding switch. performance requirements are more stringent.
目前根据国家标准及相关企业标准的要求,为满足切断不同感应电流电压的要求,接地刀闸分为A类、B类、超B类,其中A、B类属于常规产品,超B类属于特殊定制产品,由制造单位和用户商定,专门用于切断较大的感应电流电压,需专门的设计、造价较高、运维复杂。At present, according to the requirements of national standards and related enterprise standards, in order to meet the requirements of cutting off different induced currents and voltages, the grounding switch is divided into Class A, Class B, and Super B Class, of which Class A and B are conventional products, and Class Super B is a special product. Customized products, negotiated by the manufacturer and the user, are specially used to cut off the large induced current and voltage, requiring special design, high cost, and complicated operation and maintenance.
另外,在实践中也发现,原来两侧配置常规接地刀闸的同塔双回线路,随着负荷增长、线路改接、运行方式的,会出现同塔双回线路感应电流电压超标,导致两侧的接地刀闸无法满足新接入线路切断感应电流电压的要求,此时需要对已经建成的变电站内接地刀闸整体更换。已建成变电站的设备更换受制于场地面积、设备形式、停电施工方案等多种因素制约,实现不易,同时设备寿命未到期即更换,也造成了很大的经济上的浪费。In addition, it is also found in practice that the original dual-circuit line on the same tower with conventional grounding switch on both sides, as the load increases, the line is reconnected, and the operating mode is changed, the induced current and voltage of the double-circuit line on the same tower will exceed the standard, resulting in two The grounding switch on the side cannot meet the requirements of cutting off the induced current and voltage of the newly connected line. At this time, it is necessary to replace the grounding switch in the completed substation as a whole. The replacement of equipment in completed substations is restricted by various factors such as site area, equipment form, and power outage construction plan.
实用新型内容Utility model content
为了解决上述问题,本实用新型提供了一种同塔双回线路间感应电流电压的抑制系统,其结构简单,能够有效抑制检修时同塔双回线路之间的感应电流和电压。In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a suppression system for induced current and voltage between double-circuit lines on the same tower, which has a simple structure and can effectively suppress the induced current and voltage between double-circuit lines on the same tower during maintenance.
本实用新型解决其技术问题所采取的技术方案是:一种同塔双回线路间感应电流电压的抑制系统,包括分别与线路Ⅰ和线路Ⅱ连接的变电站及其接地刀闸控制系统,其特征是:还包括阻抗和接触器,所述变电站包括第一变电站和第二变电站,所述的第一变电站和第二变电站的接地刀闸与地网连接,在所述第一变电站的接地刀闸与地网之间串联设置一个阻抗,所述阻抗分别并联连接一个接触器。The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is: a suppression system for induced current and voltage between double-circuit lines on the same tower, including substations and their grounding knife gate control systems respectively connected to line I and line II, and its characteristics Yes: It also includes impedance and contactors, the substation includes a first substation and a second substation, the grounding switch of the first substation and the second substation is connected to the ground network, and the grounding switch of the first substation An impedance is set in series with the ground grid, and the impedances are respectively connected in parallel with a contactor.
进一步地,所述接地刀闸控制系统包括第一时间继电器和第二时间继电器,所述第一时间继电器和第二时间继电器的触点分别设置在接地刀闸控制系统的一次回路的接触器控制回路中,线圈设置在二次回路中。Further, the grounding knife switch control system includes a first time relay and a second time relay, the contacts of the first time relay and the second time relay are respectively set in the contactor control of the primary circuit of the grounding knife switch control system In the loop, the coil is placed in the secondary loop.
进一步地,所述接触器的线圈与第一时间继电器和第二时间继电器的触点串联连接,触点与第一时间继电器的触点并联连接。Further, the coil of the contactor is connected in series with the contacts of the first time relay and the second time relay, and the contacts are connected in parallel with the contacts of the first time relay.
进一步地,所述接触器采用型号为JCZ5-7.2/400的接触器。Further, the contactor adopts a model JCZ5-7.2/400 contactor.
本实用新型的有益效果是:本实用新型通过采用在变电站的接地刀闸与地网之间串联阻抗-接触器的并联系统来实现既抑制感应电流又不增加线路电压的目的,为降低检修时操作的复杂度,针对原有接地刀闸的操作回路进行优化设计,实现对与阻抗并联接触器投切的自动控制。常规接地刀闸附加该抑制系统即能有效降低电磁感应电流,满足开合大容量、长距离、紧凑型同塔双回输电线路的需要,降低了设备造价;在已建成变电站电磁感应电流电压超标时,也提供了一种不需要更换接地刀闸的解决方案。The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the utility model realizes the purpose of suppressing the induced current without increasing the line voltage by adopting the parallel system of the impedance-contactor connected in series between the grounding switch of the substation and the ground network, and reducing the maintenance time. Due to the complexity of the operation, the operation circuit of the original grounding switch is optimized to realize the automatic control of the switching of the contactor connected in parallel with the impedance. Adding the suppression system to the conventional grounding switch can effectively reduce the electromagnetic induction current, meet the needs of opening and closing large-capacity, long-distance, compact double-circuit transmission lines on the same tower, and reduce the cost of equipment; the electromagnetic induction current and voltage of the completed substation exceed the standard At the same time, it also provides a solution that does not need to replace the grounding switch.
附图说明Description of drawings
通过阅读参照以下附图所作的对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述,本实用新型的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显:Other characteristics, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:
图1为同塔双回线路之间静电耦合示意图;Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of electrostatic coupling between double-circuit lines on the same tower;
图2为同塔双回线路之间电磁耦合示意图;Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of electromagnetic coupling between double-circuit lines on the same tower;
图3为本实用新型抑制系统的设备连接结构示意图;Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the device connection structure of the suppression system of the present invention;
图4为本实用新型所述抑制系统的一次回路电路图;Fig. 4 is the primary loop circuit diagram of suppression system described in the utility model;
图5为本实用新型所述抑制系统的二次回路电路图;Fig. 5 is the secondary loop circuit diagram of suppression system described in the utility model;
图6为接地刀闸只串接阻抗的结构示意图;Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a grounding knife switch connected in series only with impedance;
图7为接地刀闸只串接阻抗时500kV线路电磁感应电流随电阻变化的仿真曲线图;Fig. 7 is a simulation curve diagram of the electromagnetic induction current of the 500kV line changing with the resistance when the grounding switch is only connected in series with impedance;
图8为接地刀闸只串接阻抗时500kV线路电阻端电压随电阻变化的仿真曲线图。Fig. 8 is a simulation curve diagram of the voltage at the resistance terminal of a 500kV line changing with resistance when the grounding switch is only connected in series with impedance.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下文的公开提供了许多不同的实施例或例子用来实现本实用新型的不同结构。为了简化本实用新型的公开,下文中对特定例子的部件和设置进行描述。此外,本实用新型可以在不同例子中重复参考数字和/或字母。这种重复是为了简化和清楚的目的,其本身不指示所讨论各种实施例和/或设置之间的关系。应当注意,在附图中所图示的部件不一定按比例绘制。本实用新型省略了对公知组件和处理技术及工艺的描述以避免不必要地限制本实用新型。The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for realizing different structures of the present invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in different instances. This repetition is for simplicity and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or arrangements discussed. It should be noted that components illustrated in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. The present invention omits descriptions of known components and processing techniques and processes to avoid unnecessarily limiting the present invention.
如图3、图4和图5所示,本实用新型的一种同塔双回线路间感应电流电压的抑制系统,包括分别与线路Ⅰ和线路Ⅱ连接变电站及其接地刀闸控制系统,还包括阻抗和接触器,所述变电站包括第一变电站和第二变电站,所述的第一变电站和第二变电站的接地刀闸与地网连接,在所述第一变电站的接地刀闸与地网之间串联设置一个阻抗,所述阻抗分别并联连接一个接触器;所述接地刀闸控制系统包括第一时间继电器和第二时间继电器,所述第一时间继电器和第二时间继电器的触点分别设置在接地刀闸控制系统的一次回路的接触器控制回路中,线圈设置在二次回路中;所述接触器的线圈与第一时间继电器和第二时间继电器的触点串联连接,触点与第一时间继电器的触点并联连接。所述接触器采用型号为JCZ5-7.2/400的接触器。As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4 and Figure 5, a system for suppressing induced current and voltage between double-circuit lines on the same tower of the present invention includes a substation and a grounding switch control system respectively connected to Line I and Line II, and Including an impedance and a contactor, the substation includes a first substation and a second substation, the grounding switches of the first substation and the second substation are connected to the ground grid, and the grounding switch of the first substation is connected to the ground grid An impedance is set in series between them, and the impedances are respectively connected in parallel with a contactor; the grounding knife switch control system includes a first time relay and a second time relay, and the contacts of the first time relay and the second time relay are respectively It is arranged in the contactor control circuit of the primary circuit of the grounding knife switch control system, and the coil is arranged in the secondary circuit; the coil of the contactor is connected in series with the contacts of the first time relay and the second time relay, and the contacts and The contacts of the first time relay are connected in parallel. The contactor adopts a model of JCZ5-7.2/400 contactor.
在同塔双回线路检修时,采用本实用新型所述抑制系统来抑制同塔双回线路之间的感应电流和电压,其操作过程如下:During maintenance of double-circuit lines on the same tower, the suppression system described in the utility model is used to suppress the induced current and voltage between the double-circuit lines on the same tower. The operation process is as follows:
1)在第一变电站的接地刀闸与地网之间分别串接一个阻抗,且每个阻抗分别并联连接一个接触器,所述接触器出去分闸状态;1) An impedance is connected in series between the grounding switch and the ground network of the first substation, and each impedance is connected in parallel with a contactor, and the contactor is out of the opening state;
2)检修前首先合上第二变电站的接地刀闸,然后在合上第一变电站的接地刀闸,此时第一变电站的接地刀闸通过串接阻抗与地网连接;2) Before maintenance, first close the grounding switch of the second substation, and then close the grounding switch of the first substation. At this time, the grounding switch of the first substation is connected to the ground network through the serial impedance;
3)合上接触器,将阻抗短接,进行线路检修;3) Close the contactor, short the impedance, and carry out line maintenance;
4)检修完成后,首先断开接触器,将阻抗串联在第一变电站的接地刀闸与地网之间,然后依次断开第一变电站的接地刀闸和第二变电站的接地刀闸。4) After the maintenance is completed, first disconnect the contactor, connect the impedance in series between the grounding switch of the first substation and the ground grid, and then disconnect the grounding switch of the first substation and the grounding switch of the second substation in turn.
本实用新型的工作原理如下。The working principle of the present utility model is as follows.
理论计算与实测均证明同塔双回线路间的耦合电容、耦合电感均非常小,电容值在微法量级、耦合电感在毫亨量级。分析式(2)和式(3)可见,由于耦合电容、耦合电感很小,故静电感应电流、电磁感应电压很小,在感应电流电压的研究中处于次要因素。分析式(1)和式(4)可见,虽然耦合电容、耦合电感与线路自身电容、电感相比是比较低的,但是两者相除,仍然具有一定的比值,故静电感应电压、电磁感应电流相对较大。进一步的分析,由于系统的电压往往控制在一个稳定的数值,因而对于某一电压等级线路来说,静电感应电压受运行方式变化不大,一般来说是可预测的,并且根据实测结果采取导线换位等措施后,可将静电感应电压限制在合适的数值。但是由式(4)可知,电磁感应电流大小在运线路的电流影响很大,呈线性关系;而电力系统中运行方式的改变、潮流的变化、接入方式的变化均会对运行线路电流造成影响,使电磁感应电流发生变化。一般来说,需要按照在运线路的导线极限传输电流计算停运线路的电磁感应电流,按此标准选择接地刀闸,可确保接地刀闸在开合时能够可靠工作而不发生损坏。Both theoretical calculation and actual measurement prove that the coupling capacitance and coupling inductance between the double-circuit lines on the same tower are very small, the capacitance value is on the order of microfarads, and the coupling inductance is on the order of millihenries. Analyzing formula (2) and formula (3), it can be seen that due to the small coupling capacitance and coupling inductance, the electrostatic induced current and electromagnetic induced voltage are very small, which are secondary factors in the research of induced current and voltage. Analyzing formula (1) and formula (4), it can be seen that although the coupling capacitance and coupling inductance are relatively low compared with the line's own capacitance and inductance, they still have a certain ratio when divided, so the electrostatic induction voltage and electromagnetic induction current relatively bigger. Further analysis, because the voltage of the system is often controlled at a stable value, so for a line of a certain voltage level, the electrostatic induction voltage is not changed much by the operation mode, generally speaking, it is predictable, and the wire is replaced according to the measured results. After taking some measures, the electrostatic induction voltage can be limited to an appropriate value. However, it can be seen from formula (4) that the size of the electromagnetic induction current has a great influence on the current of the operating line, and the relationship is linear; and the change of the operation mode, the change of the power flow, and the change of the connection mode in the power system will all have a negative impact on the current of the operating line. The effect is to change the electromagnetic induction current. Generally speaking, it is necessary to calculate the electromagnetic induction current of the out-of-service line according to the limit transmission current of the conductor in operation. According to this standard, the grounding switch can be selected to ensure that the grounding switch can work reliably without damage when opening and closing.
根据在运极限传输电流校验停运线路电磁感应电流时,一般会出现静电感应电压、静电感应电流、电磁感应电压三个参数数值均不高,在常规A、B类接地刀闸要求的范围内;电磁感应电流数值较大,超过了常规A、B类接地刀闸要求。When checking the electromagnetic induction current of the outage line according to the limit transmission current in operation, the three parameters of electrostatic induction voltage, electrostatic induction current and electromagnetic induction voltage are generally not high, which are within the range required by conventional A and B grounding knife switches; The value of the electromagnetic induction current is large, exceeding the requirements of conventional A and B grounding knife switches.
考虑到耦合电感很低,本实用新型通过在接地刀闸与地网之间串接阻抗,来有效增加电磁感应电流回路的阻抗值,起到抑制电磁感应电流的目的。Considering that the coupling inductance is very low, the utility model effectively increases the impedance value of the electromagnetic induction current loop by connecting the impedance in series between the grounding knife switch and the ground grid, thereby achieving the purpose of suppressing the electromagnetic induction current.
如图6所示,设串接阻抗后线路上的电磁感应电流为I'MⅡA,端部由于静电感应电流引起的电压升为U'SⅡA。As shown in Figure 6, it is assumed that the electromagnetic induction current on the line after connecting the impedance in series is I'MIIA , and the voltage at the end due to the electrostatic induction current rises to U'SIIA .
当接地刀闸QE1串接阻抗Z后,流过线路的电磁感应电流得到抑制:When the grounding switch QE1 is connected in series with impedance Z, the electromagnetic induction current flowing through the line is suppressed:
由(5)式可见,当传输容量及线路参数不发生变化的情况下,串接阻抗相当于增加了线路的自感,从而缩小的电磁感应电流。It can be seen from (5) that when the transmission capacity and line parameters do not change, the series connection impedance is equivalent to increasing the self-inductance of the line, thereby reducing the electromagnetic induction current.
然而,由于感应电流流过附加阻抗将会在附加阻抗上产生电压,从而抬高停电线路的电位,导致停电线路电位升高为:However, since the induced current flows through the additional impedance, a voltage will be generated on the additional impedance, thereby raising the potential of the outage line, resulting in the potential increase of the outage line as follows:
根据典型500kV同塔双回线路数据,分别在接地刀闸回路中串接不同的电阻,得出感应电流电压(各相中的最大值)随电阻变化的曲线如图7和图8所示:According to the data of a typical 500kV double-circuit line on the same tower, different resistors are connected in series in the grounding knife switch circuit, and the curves of the induced current voltage (the maximum value in each phase) changing with the resistance are obtained as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8:
由图7和图8可知,串接电阻后电磁感应电流随着串接电阻的增大急剧减小,同时也会在串接电阻端部造成较高的电位升,从而抬高停电线路的电位,可能对检修人员造成伤害。进一步分析可见,串接电阻端部的电位升随电阻增大,但不高于线路未串接电阻时的电磁感应电压。为解决这一电压的影响,如图3所示,本实用新型的抑制系统由阻抗Z以及与阻抗Z并联的接触器KM组成。It can be seen from Figure 7 and Figure 8 that after connecting the resistors in series, the electromagnetic induction current decreases sharply with the increase of the series resistance, and at the same time, it will cause a higher potential rise at the end of the series resistance, thereby raising the potential of the power failure line , may cause injury to maintenance personnel. Further analysis shows that the potential at the end of the series resistor increases with the resistance, but it is not higher than the electromagnetic induction voltage when the line is not connected in series. In order to solve the influence of this voltage, as shown in Figure 3, the suppression system of the present invention is composed of an impedance Z and a contactor KM connected in parallel with the impedance Z.
当线路Ⅱ停电检修时,先合上第二变电站B的接地刀闸QE2,然后合上第一变电站A的接地刀闸QE1,将阻抗Z接入系统,起到抑制接地刀闸QE1合闸时的电磁感应电流的作用;接地刀闸QE1合闸后,合上接触器KM,将阻抗Z短接,同时抑制检修线路上的电位升高。When line II is powered off for maintenance, first close the grounding switch QE2 of the second substation B, then close the grounding switch QE1 of the first substation A, and connect the impedance Z to the system to suppress the closing of the grounding switch QE1 The role of the electromagnetic induction current; after the grounding knife switch QE1 is closed, close the contactor KM, short the impedance Z, and suppress the potential rise on the maintenance line at the same time.
当线路Ⅱ退出检修时,先断开接触器KM,将阻抗Z接入系统,抑制接地刀闸QE1分闸时的较大的电磁感应电流;然后顺序断开接地刀闸QE1和接地刀闸QE2接地刀闸,将检修线路退出。When the line Ⅱ is out of maintenance, first disconnect the contactor KM, connect the impedance Z to the system, and suppress the large electromagnetic induction current when the grounding knife switch QE1 is opened; then disconnect the grounding knife switch QE1 and the grounding knife switch QE2 in sequence Ground the knife switch and exit the maintenance line.
对于典型的220-500kV分裂导线而言,线路自感L≈1.7×10-3H/km,数值较小。由式(5)可见,电磁感应电流大小基本上与串接电阻阻值成反比例关系。设当k=2即Zad2=L时,静电感应电流将降低至原来的50%。根据上文提高的线路自感值,对应的串接电阻Z=0.5338l。对于40km的220kV线路串接电阻大约为22Ω;对于100km的500kV线路串接电阻大约为53Ω。For a typical 220-500kV split conductor, the line self-inductance L≈1.7×10 -3 H/km, which is relatively small. It can be seen from formula (5) that the magnitude of the electromagnetic induction current is basically inversely proportional to the resistance value of the series resistor. set up When k=2, that is, Z ad2 =L, the electrostatic induction current will be reduced to 50% of the original. According to the self-inductance value of the line increased above, the corresponding series resistance Z=0.5338l. For a 40km 220kV line, the series resistance is about 22Ω; for a 100km 500kV line, the series resistance is about 53Ω.
根据图7和图8所示的仿真曲线,可见当串接电阻分别为20Ω、50Ω时相应的电磁感应电流基本上降低一半,仿真结果与理论分析相一致。According to the simulation curves shown in Figures 7 and 8, it can be seen that when the series resistances are 20Ω and 50Ω, the corresponding electromagnetic induction current is basically reduced by half, and the simulation results are consistent with the theoretical analysis.
当检修线路接地刀闸合上时,随后并联接触器将串接电阻短接。此时,流过接触器的电流为全部电磁感应电流。当检修线路接地开关断开前,需要先断开并联接触器,所以并联接触器需具备开断全部电磁感应电流的能力。接触器断开时,需要承受串接电阻上的电压,根据上文的分析该电压不会超过线路的电磁感应电压。When the maintenance line grounding switch is closed, then the parallel contactor will short-circuit the series resistance. At this time, the current flowing through the contactor is all electromagnetic induction current. Before the grounding switch of the maintenance line is disconnected, the parallel contactor needs to be disconnected first, so the parallel contactor must have the ability to break all electromagnetic induction currents. When the contactor is disconnected, it needs to withstand the voltage on the series resistor, which will not exceed the electromagnetic induction voltage of the line according to the above analysis.
考虑到一般线路的电磁感应电流均不超过300A,220-500kV线路电磁感应电压一般不大于6.3kV,可选择JCZ5-7.2/400型号的接触器。该型号接触器的额定工作电压为7.2kV,额定工作电流为400A,关合电流可达4kA,开断电流可达3.2kA。Considering that the electromagnetic induction current of general lines does not exceed 300A, and the electromagnetic induction voltage of 220-500kV lines is generally not greater than 6.3kV, the JCZ5-7.2/400 type contactor can be selected. The rated operating voltage of this type of contactor is 7.2kV, the rated operating current is 400A, the closing current can reach 4kA, and the breaking current can reach 3.2kA.
如图4和图5所示,为降低操作的复杂性,对接地刀闸的控制回路进行了优化设计,图4和图5中,T1、T2为时间继电器,KM1、KM2为接地刀闸QE控制回路,KM3为接触器KM的控制回路。通过在原有的接地刀闸控制回路中增加时间继电器,可以自动实现合上接地刀闸后自动投入接触器,断开接地刀闸之前自动先断开接触器,简化了操作过程。As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, in order to reduce the complexity of the operation, the control circuit of the grounding knife switch is optimized. In Figure 4 and Figure 5, T1 and T2 are time relays, and KM1 and KM2 are grounding knife switch QE Control loop, KM3 is the control loop of contactor KM. By adding a time relay to the original grounding knife switch control circuit, the contactor can be automatically put into operation after the grounding knife switch is closed, and the contactor is automatically disconnected before the grounding knife switch is disconnected, which simplifies the operation process.
以上所述只是本实用新型的优选实施方式,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本实用新型原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也被视为本实用新型的保护范围。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the utility model, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications are also regarded as It is the protection scope of the utility model.
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