Background technology
Equipment in petrochemical field extensive use is tubular heater, generally radiation chamber, convection cell and flue gas waste heat recovery system, consists of.The numerous boiler tube of magnitude setting in radiation chamber, heated medium flows in boiler tube.Fuel carries out radiant heat transfer at radiation Indoor Combustion generation flame or high-temperature flue gas to boiler tube, and in pipe, Absorption of Medium heat temperature raises, and radiation chamber is the main place that whole heating furnace carries out exchange heat, and the radiation chamber thermal efficiency is generally 50%~65%.Convection cell operated by rotary motion is on radiation chamber, and many grate furnaces pipe that gathers, carries out convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection from radiation chamber flue gas out to these boiler tubes.Residual neat recovering system is to leaving the flue gas of convection cell, further to reclaim the part of heat, and it is afterwards emptying that flue gas and residual neat recovering system carry out exchange heat.
Prior art one:
As shown in Figure 1, in order to reduce exhaust gas temperature, improve thermal efficiency of heating furnace, air preheater is set conventionally after convection cell with recovered flue gas heat, adopt at present the type of heat pipe preheater and plate air preheater more.Yet along with the prolongation of running time, some problems of air preheater ubiquity: while adopting heat pipe preheater, low-temperature dew point corrosion easily occurs heat exchanger tube; While adopting plate air preheater, because the gap between plate is compared with little and easy dust stratification incrustation.These problems cause air preheater heat exchange efficiency to reduce gradually, and exhaust gas temperature raises gradually, cause thermal efficiency of heating furnace lower than design thermal efficiency.Adopt the method for maintenance or replacing air preheater to improve thermal efficiency of heating furnace, exist maintenance cost high, and can not fundamentally solve the problem that thermal efficiency of heating furnace reduces.
Prior art two:
Regenerative combustion technology is Mist heat recovering to greatest extent, reduces exhaust gas temperature, and energy-saving effect is remarkable, and does not have dew point corrosion problem.Regenerative combustion technology is introduced in conventional tubular heater, can effectively be avoided the shortcoming of air preheater, improve thermal efficiency of heating furnace.In prior art, recuperative heater comprises heat-storage type burner, radiation chamber and exchange system etc., and heat-storage type burner is up and down or be symmetrically arranged.Chinese patent CN201779848U, CN201778008U, CN201779983U, CN201779982U, CN201737901U philosophy disclose a kind of heat accumulating combustion tube type gas heating furnace, thermal-storage burning-and-coking, heat accumulating-type combustion reformed heating furnace, heat storage combustion hydrogenation heating furnace and heat accumulating type burning hydrocarbon vapor cracking furnace.In actual application, when improving the thermal efficiency, also there is certain deficiency in this heat-storage tubular heating furnace, weak point shows as furnace pressure and is difficult to regulate, and furnace pressure is generally in barotropic state, safe operation based on device is considered, petrochemical industry tubular heater requires to operate under negative pressure state, has objectively limited the application of regenerative combustion technology in petrochemical industry.
At least there is following shortcoming in above-mentioned prior art one:
The feature of conventional tubular heating furnace is boiler tube One's name is legion, bulky, and in radiation chamber, the length of flame and boiler tube height differ larger, so fire box temperature uniformity is poor, and the radiation chamber thermal efficiency is low.In addition dew point corrosion and dust stratification problem that, air preheater exists also make thermal efficiency of heating furnace reduce gradually.
At least there is following shortcoming in above-mentioned prior art two:
The common feature of above-mentioned prior art two is to apply heat-storage type burner on conventional tubular heater, and burner is arranged symmetrically with, and heating furnace has been cancelled convection cell and air preheater, has realized high-temperature air burning, has improved thermal efficiency of heating furnace.But the weak point of above-mentioned prior art two shows as heating furnace and operates in barotropic state, furnace pressure is difficult to regulate, and this is for requiring the petrochemical industry tubular heater of negative-pressure operation to do one's utmost to be avoided.
The specific embodiment
To be described in further detail the utility model embodiment below.
The petrochemical industry tubular heater of application heat-storage type burner of the present utility model, its preferably the specific embodiment be:
Comprise body of heater, in described body of heater, be provided with successively radiation chamber, convection cell, chimney from bottom to top, in described radiation chamber, be provided with boiler tube, described chimney is connected with the first air-introduced machine with air preheater by smoke exhausting pipe at top road, body of heater corresponding to described radiation chamber part is provided with two groups of burners, between the inherent two groups of burners of described radiation chamber, be provided with partition wall, described burner is heat-storage type burner;
The tracheae of described heat-storage type burner is connected with bottom smoke-exhaust pipeline with preheated air pipeline respectively by conversion equipment, and described air preheat pipeline is connected with air blast by described air preheater, and described bottom smoke-exhaust pipeline is connected with the second air-introduced machine.
Described air preheat pipeline is also connected with described air blast by bypass air pipeline.
Described burner is located on the sidewall and/or diapire of described body of heater.
Described smoke exhausting pipe at top road is provided with flue gas discharge capacity adjusting device.
Every group of burner comprises at least one heat-storage type burner.
The petrochemical industry tubular heater of application heat-storage type burner of the present utility model, can effectively avoid the shortcoming of conventional tubular heating furnace and heat-storage tubular heating furnace, has both been applicable to heating furnace newly-built, is also applicable to heating furnace reformation; Can effectively improve petrochemical industry Thermal Efficiency of Pipe Heaters, and the positive pressure operation problem of having avoided heat-storage type burner to be applied in producing on tubular heater;
The utility model discharges through radiation chamber, convection cell, chimney and smoke exhausting pipe at top road by control section flue gas to realize the object that regulates furnace pressure, and this partial fume amount is adjustable, guarantees that heating furnace operates under negative pressure state;
Heating furnace in the utility model is different from traditional heat-storage tubular heating furnace, heating furnace has retained convection cell and chimney, heat-storage type burner need not up and down or be symmetrically arranged, and heat-storage type burner can be arranged on heating furnace bottom or side wall, and the method for operation of heat-storage type burner is:
Two adjacent burners of left and right use in pairs, between two rows (group) burner, establish a partition wall, when partition wall one side burner is during in fired state, opposite side burner is in smoke evacuation state, changed under flue gas (on) enter upperly to go out or left (right side) enters the type of flow that the right side (left side) goes out.Effect due to partition wall, the stroke of high-temperature flue gas in radiation chamber increases, and in radiation chamber, the time of staying extends, and has effectively improved temperature distribution evenness in stove, can make high-temperature flue gas fully boiler tube be carried out to radiant heat transfer, the radiation chamber thermal efficiency can bring up to 80~90% by 50~65% simultaneously;
The utility model has been realized and take radiant heat transfer as main heat transfer type, and convection cell volume can obviously reduce;
In the utility model, the course of work of heating furnace is:
Heating furnace discharge flue is divided into two parts, part of smoke is discharged after radiation chamber, convection cell, chimney, smoke exhausting pipe at top road and air preheater, part of smoke is discharged through heat-storage type burner in addition, can be by regulating the circulation area of top flue, the exhaust gas volumn that top is discharged accounts for 10~25% of total exhaust gas volumn.A normal temperature air part is carried out heat exchange by bypass air pipeline, another part by air preheater pipeline and the partial fume of discharging from top, after converging, above-mentioned two parts air enters the air inlet of heat-storage type burner, through heat storage, absorb after heat heats up and participate in burning, can be by the air capacity of two-way air pipe line be regulated, make the flue-gas temperature of discharging air preheater on dew point, avoid causing the cold end corrosion of air preheater; The utility model can make the heating furnace comprehensive thermal efficiency improve 2~5%.
Specific embodiment:
As Fig. 2, shown in Fig. 3, a kind of method of petrochemical industry tubular heater application heat-storage type burner described in the utility model, in the utility model, heating furnace device mainly comprises radiation chamber 1, convection cell 2, chimney 3, heat-storage type burner, boiler tube 6, air preheater 7, smoke exhausting pipe at top road, partition wall 8, bypass air pipeline, regenerative combustion system smoke-exhaust pipeline, air-introduced machine and air blast etc., bypass air pipeline is with in parallel through air preheater 7 air pipe lines, smoke exhausting pipe at top road wherein, heat-storage type burner smoke-exhaust pipeline, partition wall 8 and bypass air pipeline are in the utility model, to realize heat-storage type burner for the key components on tubular heater,
The utility model discharges through radiation chamber 1, convection cell 2, chimney 3 and smoke exhausting pipe at top road by control section flue gas to realize the object that regulates furnace pressure, and this partial fume amount accounts for 10~25% of total exhaust gas volumn, guarantees that heating furnace operates under negative pressure state;
In the utility model, heating furnace device is different from heat-storage tubular heating furnace, heating furnace has retained convection cell 2 and chimney 3, heat-storage type burner need not up and down or be symmetrically arranged, and in the present embodiment, heat-storage type burner is arranged in heating furnace bottom, also can be arranged in as shown in Figure 3 on side wall;
The method of operation of heat-storage type burner is, two burners 4 that left and right is adjacent and 5 use in pairs, between two row's burners, establish a partition wall 8, when partition wall 8 one side burners 4 are during in fired state, opposite side burner 5 is in smoke evacuation state, changed under flue gas (on) enter upperly to go out or left (right side) enters the type of flow that the right side (left side) goes out;
The course of work of heating furnace:
Heating furnace discharge flue is divided into two parts, part of smoke is discharged after radiation chamber 1, convection cell 2, chimney 3, smoke exhausting pipe at top road and air preheater 7, part of smoke is carried out after heat exchange through radiation chamber 1, convection cell 2 in addition, radiation chamber 1 continues to turn back back, after the heat storage recovered flue gas heat in heat-storage type burner, by regenerative combustion system smoke-exhaust pipeline, discharged, can be by regulating the circulation area of top flue, the exhaust gas volumn that top is discharged accounts for 10~25% of total exhaust gas volumn.A normal temperature air part is carried out heat exchange by bypass air pipeline, another part by air preheater pipeline and the partial fume of discharging from top, after converging, above-mentioned two parts enter the air inlet of heat-storage type burner, through heat storage, absorb after heat heats up and participate in burning, can be by the air capacity of two-way air pipe line be regulated, make the flue-gas temperature of discharging air preheater 7 on dew point, avoid causing the cold end corrosion of air preheater 7.
The utility model improves the principle of thermal efficiency of heating furnace:
As shown in Figure 1, in conventional tubular heating furnace, the high-temperature flue gas type of flow is to discharge after radiation chamber 1, convection cell 2 and chimney 3.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, in the utility model, owing to having increased partition wall 8, in heating furnace, high-temperature flue gas is flowed through after radiation chamber 1, convection cell 2, and the radiation chamber 1 that continues to turn back is back discharged after the heat storage recovered flue gas heat in heat-storage type burner.Visible, in the utility model, the stroke of high-temperature flue gas in radiation chamber 1 increases, the time of staying of high-temperature flue gas in radiation chamber 1 extends, effectively improved temperature distribution evenness in stove, in radiation chamber, arrange under the condition of identical boiler tube area, can make high-temperature flue gas fully boiler tube be carried out to radiant heat transfer, be conducive to improve thermal efficiency of heating furnace.In addition, the heat storage in heat-storage type burner is recovered flue gas heat to greatest extent, reduces exhaust gas temperature, has also improved thermal efficiency of heating furnace;
In the utility model, the radiation chamber thermal efficiency can bring up to 80~90% by 50~65%, has realized that to take radiant heat transfer be main heat transfer type, and radiation chamber volume can reduce 20~40%, and convection cell volume can reduce 60~80%; The utility model can make the heating furnace comprehensive thermal efficiency improve 2~5%.
The beneficial effect that technical solutions of the utility model are brought:
The utility model discharges to realize by controlling 10~25% flue gas the object that regulates furnace pressure through radiation chamber, convection cell, chimney and smoke exhausting pipe at top road, guarantee that the tubular heater of application heat-storage type burner operates under negative pressure state.
The arranging of the utility model mid-board changed under flue gas (on) enter upperly to go out or left (right side) enters the type of flow that the right side (left side) goes out.Effect due to partition wall, the stroke of high-temperature flue gas in radiation chamber increases, and in radiation chamber, the time of staying extends, and has effectively improved temperature distribution evenness in stove, can make high-temperature flue gas fully boiler tube be carried out to radiant heat transfer, the heating furnace comprehensive thermal efficiency improves 2~5% simultaneously.
In the utility model, the radiation chamber thermal efficiency can bring up to 80~90% by 50~65%, has realized that to take radiant heat transfer be main heat transfer type, and convection cell volume can obviously reduce.
The heat of the flue gas by top discharge in the utility model reclaims through air preheater, and this part heat, for warm-up combustion-supporting air, when avoiding causing air preheater cold end corrosion, can reduce exhaust gas temperature to greatest extent.
The above; it is only the preferably specific embodiment of the utility model; but protection domain of the present utility model is not limited to this; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the utility model discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement, within all should being encompassed in protection domain of the present utility model.Therefore, protection domain of the present utility model should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.