CN203795439U

CN203795439U - Ecological revetment structure used for soil fixing and moisturizing of high-liquid-limit soil slope

Info

Publication number: CN203795439U
Application number: CN201420122964.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汪继泉; 王永强; 王云; 吴万平; 谢松林; 邓涛; 阮艳彬; 何斌; 王晓东; 付伟; 张静波; 刘丙生
Original assignee: China Communications Second Highway Survey Design And Research Institute Co Lt
Current assignee: China Communications Second Highway Survey Design And Research Institute Co Lt
Priority date: 2014-03-19
Filing date: 2014-03-19
Publication date: 2014-08-27
Anticipated expiration: 2024-03-19

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ecological revetment structure used for soil fixing and moisturizing of a high-liquid-limit soil slope. The ecological revetment structure is characterized in that a slope protection system is arranged on the surface of a slope, a root pile anchorage system penetrates the slope protection system to be planted into a shallow slope layer, and an ecological slope protection net of the shallow slope layer is jointly formed; pile holes are drilled in the slope, movable piles provided with wooden positioning supports are placed in the pile holes, and organic water base materials are filled into the pile holes; the slope protection system is characterized in that grass is planted in framework, the surface of the slope is slotted around root piles to build the framework, flanged water retaining bricks are arranged on the edge of the framework to form a slope drainage groove, a lateral concentration drain is longitudinally arranged at each certain distance in the slope along a slope body, expansion joints are synchronously arranged among the lateral drains, the organic water base materials are refilled in the framework prior to seed sowing and grass planting, and compact formation is achieved. The ecological revetment structure is simple in structure and convenient to use; the problems about reinforcing and protecting, dewatering and moisturizing and environmental landscape protecting of the high-liquid-limit soil slope which is prone to drying shrinkage and cracking and the shallow surface sliding are solved.

Description

A kind of ecological slope protection structure for the solid native moisturizing of high liquid limit soil matter side slope

Technical field

The utility model relates to geotechnical engineering side slope protection technical field, relates in particular to a kind of ecological slope protection structure for the solid native moisturizing of high liquid limit soil matter side slope, and it is applicable to high liquid limit clay side slope surface reinforcement protection and the landscape planting that natural moisture content is large.

Background technology

In geotechnical engineering, common side slope protection form has engineering protection, vegetative protection and the protection of vegetation skeleton, and along with geotechnical engineering ecological, environmental protective and landscape function require to promote, ecological slope protection structure is more and more welcome in side slope protection.

High liquid limit soil generally contains the clay mineral compositions such as higher montmorillonite, illite, kaolinite, natural moisture content is large, void ratio is high, conventionally dry ground intensity is large, but intensity sharp-decay after water suction, after dehydration, drying shrinkage makes domatic formation crack, and under condition of raining, rainwater flows directly into slope body by crack,, often there is shallow-layer and slip the disease of collapsing in slope stability variation.General greening side slope protection method; domatic to protecting, prevent that rain drop erosion from playing a role; because vegetation root system buried depth is shallow; conventionally can only form the dark protective cover of vegetation of 0.5～1.0m on side slope surface; thereby be difficult to high liquid limit soil slope body within the scope of 2.0～3.0m weather-influenced depth to play reinforcement effect; meanwhile, the main root of conventional side slope tree planting and the timber of living straight down, is difficult to bring into play optimum reinforcement effects.And the engineering measures such as grouting and reinforcing, the protection of anchor bolt frame beam, cost cost is higher, and environmental protection landscape function a little less than.In addition, at slope greening construction period and vegetation growth initial stage, side slope humidity changes strong, as controls improperly, certainly will affect vegetation growth, brings out domatic dry shrinkage and cracking, how to conserve moisturizing, is also the technical barrier of high liquid limit soil matter side slope protection.Therefore, for high liquid limit soil matter side slope, how taking into account the solid soil of side slope, moisturizing and environmental protection landscape function, is novel protective slope structure problem demanding prompt solution.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is in order to overcome the deficiency in above-mentioned technical background, to be to provide a kind of ecological slope protection structure for the solid native moisturizing of high liquid limit soil matter side slope, simple in structure, easy to use, solve the problem of the reinforcement protection, hydrophobic moisturizing and the environmental protection view that are easy to occur the high liquid limit clay side slope that dry shrinkage and cracking, shallow top layer slide.

In order to realize above-mentioned object, the utility model adopts following technical measures:

A kind of ecological slope protection structure for the solid native moisturizing of high liquid limit soil matter side slope, comprise slope body, pile anchoring system, slope protection system, establish slope protection system at slope surface, pile anchoring system implants slope body shallow-layer 1.5～3.0m through slope protection system, combines and forms Ti Qian top layer, slope ecological revetment net; Described pile anchoring system is made up of the timber of living, organic water conservation base material, stake hole, wooden locating support, first bores on domatic and digs a hole, then the timber alive that wooden locating support is housed is placed to a hole, the more organic water conservation base material of backfill, closely knit moulding; Described slope protection is skeleton grass planting, described skeleton grass planting is made up of skeleton, fringing dash fragment of brick, central drainage ditch, shrinkage joint, organic water conservation base material, the grass planting of sowing grass seeds by duster, slot and build skeleton by laying bricks or stones centered by pile at slope surface, establish fringing dash fragment of brick at skeleton edge and form slope drainage groove, along slope body longitudinally every 20～50m in domatic setting together laterally central drainage ditch, synchronously in the middle of transverse drain ditch, establish shrinkage joint, finally by the backfill of organic water conservation base material in the middle of the skeleton and the grass-seed of sowing grass seeds by duster, compaction moulding; Described slope protection system also can be substituted by Three-Dimensional Network Seeding, and described Three-Dimensional Network Seeding is made up of three dimensional network, organic water conservation base material, the grass planting of sowing grass seeds by duster, and lays three dimensional network at slope surface, is filled with the water base material of organizational security the grass planting of sowing grass seeds by duster, compaction moulding last time at three dimensional network.

In technique scheme, described slope body is high liquid limit soil matter side slope, monolithic stability, and side slope is delayed in 1:1.0.

In technique scheme, described timber alive is selected the seeds of well developed root system, as any combination of wherein a kind of such as willow, willow, banyan or two to three kinds, and can cottage propagation, survival rate is high, vitality is strong, the seeds of well developed root system, as willow, willow, banyan etc.; Described timber diameter d alive 0 is 5～10cm, and length is 150～300cm.

In technique scheme, it is trumpet-shaped cylindrical that a described stake hole is that opening is, and a stake hole orifice diameter d2 is 40～60cm, and a stake hole interior diameter d1 is 10～20cm, the long 10～20cm of hole depth timber more alive.Described stake hole is ' quincunx ' layout on domatic, and spacing is 100～300cm, blowing angle and domatic near normal.

In technique scheme, described organic water conservation base material by local loam and modifying agent in mass ratio 3:1 mixed preparing form, described modifying agent is made up of woody fiber, Herbaceous Fiber, water-loss reducer, the controlled-release fertilizer of mass ratio 1:1:0.01:0.3, and described controlled-release fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium compound of mass ratio 1:1:1.

In technique scheme, described skeleton is diamond pattern on domatic, or is pattern, arch form, chevron shaped, and spacing is 200～400cm, adopts mortar flag stone or cement concrete to build by laying bricks or stones.

In technique scheme, described skeleton fringing dash fragment of brick, prefabricated by cement concrete, higher than skeleton surface 5～10cm.

In technique scheme, described grass planting is selected the grass seeds that local vitality is strong, survival rate is high, as black malt, Festuca Arundinacea, Bermuda grass etc.

The utility model compared with prior art, has the following advantages and effect:

A kind of ecological slope protection structure for the solid native moisturizing of high liquid limit soil matter side slope, there is the feature of reinforcement Gu Po, hydrophobic moisturizing, economic environmental protection, compared with existing protecting slope ecology, pile anchoring system implants the timber of living in the soil layer of certain depth, be anchored at the effect that timber in soil layer can play antislide pile and counterfort, the shear stress producing to resist landslide; Simultaneously along with the timber deep root system of living is constantly multiplied, form more and more stronger vegetation root net on the shallow top layer of side slope, the tensile stress that the shear stress in soil layer is changed into root is crossed by root Netcom, strengthen the shear strength of the shallow top layer soil body, thereby give play to reinforcement fixation, can effectively control the shallow top layer slip of side slope disease.In addition, the root branches and leaves that slope protection system and the timber of living grow can form on the shallow top layer of side slope lived vegetative protection network, can effectively tackle Atmospheric precipitation on the one hand, and discharge slope ground surface water by skeleton hydrophobic channel, reduce side slope rain infiltration; On the other hand, organic water conservation base material has the characteristic of self-restraint moisturizing, in the bank protection domatic humidity of energy Effective Regulation in early days, the domatic dry shrinkage and cracking and the vegetation that avoid body water suction in slope too much to cause that strength retrogression and dehydration too much bring out are withered, when the shallow top layer of side slope, vegetative protection network is bred after maturation, forms a regulating temperature and humidity buffer strip at slope surface, by the rising rhythm of vegetation self-control, stablize slope body humidity, thereby suppress the stability of slope disease causing because water content is too high or too low.Compared with existing bolt anchorage engineering measure, the utility model possesses the solid slope of certain reinforcement function, also has in addition the advantageous characteristic of hydrophobic moisturizing, environmental protection view, and engineering cost is low simultaneously, has good economic society and ecological, environmental protective benefit.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of timber rhombus skeleton grass planting protective slope structure complete layout of living.

Fig. 2 is a kind of timber rhombus skeleton grass planting bank protection layout plan of living.

Fig. 3 is a kind of timber Three-Dimensional Network Seeding bank protection layout plan of living.

Fig. 4 is a kind of timber detail structure figure that lives.

Fig. 5 is a kind of stake hole plan view (A-A section in Fig. 4).

Wherein have, slope body 1, pile anchoring are 2, slope protection is 3, the timber 4 of living, rhombus skeleton 5, grass planting 6, fringing dash fragment of brick 7, central drainage ditch 8, shrinkage joint 9, three-dimension vegetative net 10, stake hole 11, organic water conservation base material 12, wooden locating support 13, timber diameter d 0, stake hole interior diameter d1, stake hole orifice diameter d2.

Detailed description of the invention

embodiment 1:

For an ecological slope protection structure for the solid native moisturizing of high liquid limit soil matter side slope, comprise that slope body 1, pile anchoring are 2, slope protection is 3.It is characterized in that: establishing slope protection on slope body 1 surface is 3, pile anchoring is 2 to be 3 implantation slope body 1 shallow-layers 1.5 or 1.8 or 2 or 2.2 or 2.5 or 2.8 or 3.0m through slope protection, combines and forms Ti Qian top layer, slope ecological revetment net, pile anchoring is 2 to be made up of live timber 4, organic water conservation base material 12, stake hole 11, wooden locating support 13, first bore on domatic and dig a hole 11, then the timber alive 4 that wooden locating support 13 is housed is placed to a hole 11, the more organic water conservation base material 12 of backfill, closely knit moulding, slope protection is 3 for skeleton grass planting, described skeleton grass planting is by skeleton 5, fringing dash fragment of brick 7, central drainage ditch 8, shrinkage joint 9, organic water conservation base material 12, the grass planting 6 of sowing grass seeds by duster forms, slot and build skeleton 5 by laying bricks or stones centered by pile 4 on slope body 1 surface, establish fringing dash fragment of brick 7 at skeleton edge and form slope drainage groove, along slope body longitudinally every 20 or 25 or 30 or 36 or 42 or 46 or 50m in domatic setting together laterally central drainage ditch 8, synchronously in the middle of transverse drain ditch 8, establish shrinkage joint 9, finally by organic water conservation base material 12 backfills in the middle of skeleton 5 and the grass plantings 6 of sowing grass seeds by duster, closely knit moulding, described slope protection is 3 also can be substituted by Three-Dimensional Network Seeding, and described Three-Dimensional Network Seeding is made up of three dimensional network, organic water conservation base material, the grass planting of sowing grass seeds by duster, and lays three dimensional network at slope surface, is filled with the water base material of organizational security the grass planting of sowing grass seeds by duster, compaction moulding last time at three dimensional network.

Described slope body 1 is high liquid limit soil matter side slope, monolithic stability, and slope gradient delays in 1:1.0.

Described timber alive 4 should be selected can cottage propagation, and survival rate is high, the seeds of well developed root system, as willow, willow, banyan etc.; Described timber diameter d alive 0 is 5～10cm, and length is 150～300cm.

Described stake hole 11 is trumpet-shaped cylindrical for opening, and a stake hole orifice diameter d2 is 40～60cm, and a stake hole interior diameter d1 is 10～20cm, and hole depth timber more alive is grown 10～20cm.Described stake hole 11 is ' quincunx ' layout on domatic, and spacing is 100～300cm, blowing angle and domatic near normal.

Described organic water conservation base material 12 by local loam and modifying agent in mass ratio 3:1 mixed preparing form, described modifying agent is made up of woody fiber, Herbaceous Fiber, water-loss reducer, the controlled-release fertilizer of mass ratio 1:1:0.01:0.3, and described controlled-release fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium compound of mass ratio 1:1:1.

Described skeleton 5 is diamond pattern on domatic, or is pattern, arch form, chevron shaped, and spacing is 200～400cm, adopts mortar flag stone or cement concrete to build by laying bricks or stones.

Described skeleton fringing dash fragment of brick 7, prefabricated by cement concrete, higher than skeleton surface 5～10cm.

Described grass planting 6 is selected the grass seeds that local vitality is strong, survival rate is high, and grass planting 6 is any combination of wherein a kind of of black malt, Festuca Arundinacea, Bermuda grass or two to three kinds.

certain highway admaic earth side slope utilization timber rhombus alive skeleton grass planting bank protecting method is as follows:

1. certain high 8m, ratio of slope are 1:1.5, the long admaic earth side slope of embankment for 100m, after embankment moulding, carry out side slope surface protection and ecological afforestation.

2. by nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in mass ratio 1:1:1 be configured to controlled-release fertilizer, woody fiber, Herbaceous Fiber, water-loss reducer, controlled-release fertilizer and loam, in mass ratio for 10:10:0.1:3:76.9 is mixed with organic water conservation base material, are prepared to the organic water conservation base material of about 100m3 for subsequent use altogether.By black malt, Festuca Arundinacea, Bermuda grass 1:1:1 preparation grass-seed in mass ratio, it is for subsequent use that altogether about 100kg mixes grass-seed.

3. select to grow fine, the branch of poplar 200 of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 8cm, long 200cm follows, and ABT root-inducing powder is made into the solution of 50～200mg/L, and branch of poplar is immersed in to 2～12h in solution, forms work timber for subsequent use.

4. the domatic four row's rhombus skeletons of pressing are measured to setting-out (as Fig. 2), adopt M7.5 mortar flag stone to build rhombus skeleton and basis by laying bricks or stones, skeleton edge adopts the concrete prefabricated fragment of brick fringing of C20, every 10～15m arranges domatic central drainage ditch together, and the wide shrinkage joint of 2cm is set one in the middle of gutter, clog along seam with pitch loose hemp fiber.

5. layout at each rhombus pane center, setting-out, employing diameter 15cm spiral drilling machine boring 220cm, as Fig. 4, wooden locating support is fixed on timber alive, the timber hand-hole of living is installed, organic water conservation base material is inserted to a hole closely knit, water seasoning.

6. organic water conservation base material is mixed with grass-seed, according to order from bottom to up, from left to right, the organic water conservation base material in the backfill of each rhombus pane containing grass-seed, then waters, covers single-layer nonwoven maintenance.

certain Reservoir Bank high liquid limit clay side slope utilization timber Three-Dimensional Network Seeding alive bank protecting method is as follows:

1. certain high 6m, ratio of slope are 1:1.0, the long slope, bank, high liquid limit clay matter storehouse for 200m, after embankment moulding, carry out side slope surface protection and ecological afforestation.

2. by nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in mass ratio 1:1:1 be configured to controlled-release fertilizer, woody fiber, Herbaceous Fiber, water-loss reducer, controlled-release fertilizer and loam, in mass ratio for 10:10:0.1:3:76.9 is mixed with organic water conservation base material, are prepared to the organic water conservation base material of about 150m3 for subsequent use altogether.By black malt, Festuca Arundinacea, Bermuda grass 1:1:1 preparation grass-seed in mass ratio, it is for subsequent use that altogether about 150kg mixes grass-seed.

3. select to grow fine, the willow branch 300 of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 5cm, long 150cm follows, and ABT root-inducing powder is made into the solution of 50～200mg/L, and willow branch is immersed in to 2～12h in solution, forms work timber for subsequent use.

4. to side slope layout, setting-out (as Fig. 2), adopt diameter 7cm drill rod reaming 160cm dark, lay timber hand-hole alive, the organic water conservation base material of backfill is closely knit, water seasoning.

5. as Fig. 3, centered by the timber of living, in domatic upper laying three dimensional network, with the fixing three dimensional network of " U " shaped steel nail.

6. organic water conservation base material is mixed with grass-seed, according to order from top to bottom, from left to right, sow grass seeds by duster containing organic water conservation base material of grass-seed hanging up properly on three dimensional network domatic, then water, cover single-layer nonwoven maintenance.

Claims

1. the ecological slope protection structure for the solid native moisturizing of high liquid limit soil matter side slope, comprise slope body (1), pile anchoring system (2), slope protection system (3), it is characterized in that: establish slope protection system (3) on slope body (1) surface, pile anchoring system (2) implants slope body (1) shallow-layer 1.5～3.0m through slope protection system (3), combine and form the shallow top layer of slope body (1) ecological revetment net, pile anchoring system (2) is by the timber (4) of living, organic water conservation base material (12), stake hole (11), wooden locating support (13) composition, bore and dig a hole (11) on domatic, the timber alive (4) that wooden locating support (13) will be housed is placed to a hole (11), the organic water conservation base material of backfill (12) again, closely knit moulding, slope protection system (3) is skeleton grass planting, described skeleton grass planting is by skeleton (5), fringing dash fragment of brick (7), central drainage ditch (8), shrinkage joint (9), organic water conservation base material (12), the grass planting (6) of sowing grass seeds by duster composition, on slope body (1) surface, fluting centered by pile (4) is built skeleton (5) by laying bricks or stones, establish fringing dash fragment of brick (7) at skeleton (5) edge and form slope drainage groove, along slope body longitudinally every 20～50m in domatic setting together laterally central drainage ditch (8), in the middle of (8), establish shrinkage joint (9) in transverse drain ditch, by organic water conservation base material (12) backfill in the middle of the skeleton (5) and the grass planting of sowing grass seeds by duster (6), closely knit moulding.

2. a kind of ecological slope protection structure for the solid native moisturizing of high liquid limit soil matter side slope according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described timber alive (4) is selected any combination of wherein a kind of of willow, willow, banyan or two to three kinds, described timber alive (4) diameter d 0 is 5～10cm, and length is 150～300cm.

3. a kind of ecological slope protection structure for the solid native moisturizing of high liquid limit soil matter side slope according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described stake hole (11) is trumpet-shaped cylindrical for opening, stake hole orifice diameter d2 is 40～60cm, stake hole interior diameter d1 is 10～20cm, long 10～the 20cm of hole depth timber more alive, described stake hole (11) is quincuncial arrangement on domatic, and spacing is 100～300cm, and blowing angle is with domatic vertical.

4. a kind of ecological slope protection structure for the solid native moisturizing of high liquid limit soil matter side slope according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described organic water conservation base material (12) is by local loam and modifying agent 3:1 mixed preparing in mass ratio, described modifying agent is made up of woody fiber, Herbaceous Fiber, water-loss reducer, the controlled-release fertilizer of mass ratio 1:1:0.01:0.3, and described controlled-release fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium compound of mass ratio 1:1:1.

5. a kind of ecological slope protection structure for the solid native moisturizing of high liquid limit soil matter side slope according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described skeleton (5) is diamond pattern, pattern, arch form or chevron shaped on domatic, spacing is 200～400cm, adopts mortar flag stone or cement concrete to build by laying bricks or stones.

6. a kind of ecological slope protection structure for the solid native moisturizing of high liquid limit soil matter side slope according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described skeleton (5) fringing dash fragment of brick (7), and prefabricated by cement concrete, higher than skeleton surface 5～10cm.

7. a kind of ecological slope protection structure for the solid native moisturizing of high liquid limit soil matter side slope according to claim 1, is characterized in that: any combination that described grass planting (6) is wherein a kind of of black malt, Festuca Arundinacea, Bermuda grass or two to three kinds.