CN203758998U - Blue-green algae monitor utilizing solar energy based on ZigBee wireless communication technology - Google Patents
Blue-green algae monitor utilizing solar energy based on ZigBee wireless communication technology Download PDFInfo
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- 241000192700 Cyanobacteria Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本实用新型的目的是提供一种使用太阳能的基于ZigBee无线通信技术的蓝藻监测器，有供电装置和水环境参数采集装置，供电装置内设置有太阳能电池板，太阳能控制器连接着锂电池，太阳能控制器和锂电池上都连接有12V电压转换器来转换电压，锂电池上还连接有5V电压转换器；水环境参数采集装置内有溶解氧传感器、氮浓度传感器、磷浓度传感器、风力风向传感器和温度传感器；水环境参数采集装置连接有微控制器，微控制器连接有Zigbee无线通讯器来传送数据。本装置拥有传感、采集和处理数据、远程通信和自供电能力，使用太阳能和锂电池互备供电，具有成本低、耗能低、长寿命等特点。
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of cyanobacteria monitor based on ZigBee wireless communication technology that uses solar energy, has power supply device and water environment parameter collection device, is provided with solar panel in the power supply device, solar controller is connected with lithium battery, solar energy Both the controller and the lithium battery are connected with a 12V voltage converter to convert the voltage, and the lithium battery is also connected with a 5V voltage converter; the water environment parameter acquisition device has a dissolved oxygen sensor, a nitrogen concentration sensor, a phosphorus concentration sensor, a wind force and direction sensor and a temperature sensor. The sensor; the water environment parameter acquisition device is connected with a microcontroller, and the microcontroller is connected with a Zigbee wireless communicator to transmit data. This device has the ability of sensing, collecting and processing data, long-distance communication and self-power supply. It uses solar energy and lithium battery for mutual power supply. It has the characteristics of low cost, low energy consumption and long life.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型涉及一种光伏发电和无线通信领域，尤其涉及一种使用太阳能的基于ZigBee无线通信技术的蓝藻监测器。 The utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation and wireless communication, in particular to a cyanobacteria monitor using solar energy and based on ZigBee wireless communication technology.
背景技术 Background technique
近20年，我国经济快速发展、人口急剧增长，许多湖泊水库生态环境受到严重破坏，湖泊水库富营养化问题日益严重，导致藻类和水生植物生产力的增加，直接导致蓝藻的爆发，降低水中溶解氧，从而导致水质下降，影响人类的健康生活。如何高效、实时、准确的获取水环境参数，建立蓝藻监测预警系统，预防蓝藻爆发已成为迫切需要。 In the past 20 years, my country's rapid economic development and rapid population growth have severely damaged the ecological environment of many lakes and reservoirs. The eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs has become increasingly serious, leading to an increase in the productivity of algae and aquatic plants, directly leading to the outbreak of blue-green algae, and reducing dissolved oxygen in water. , leading to a decline in water quality and affecting human health. How to obtain water environment parameters efficiently, in real time and accurately, establish a cyanobacteria monitoring and early warning system, and prevent cyanobacteria outbreaks have become an urgent need.
蓝藻爆发的需要三个重要条件：1）蓝藻生长与水中总氮、磷等富营养盐浓度有关；2）蓝藻大量繁殖与气度变化密切相关；3）藻类分布于风力风向密切相关。通过对水环境中氮、磷富营养盐浓度、气温、风力风向的采集，再通过蓝藻浓度传感器直接检测蓝藻浓度，提供给观察者分析处理，能够预知蓝藻爆发的概率，提前采取预防措施，有效降低蓝藻爆发。 Three important conditions are required for the bloom of cyanobacteria: 1) The growth of cyanobacteria is related to the concentration of eutrophic salts such as total nitrogen and phosphorus in the water; 2) The mass reproduction of cyanobacteria is closely related to the change of air temperature; 3) The distribution of algae is closely related to the wind force and direction. Through the collection of nitrogen and phosphorus eutrophic salt concentration, air temperature, and wind direction in the water environment, and then directly detect the concentration of cyanobacteria through the cyanobacteria concentration sensor, and provide it to the observer for analysis and processing, it is possible to predict the probability of cyanobacteria outbreaks and take preventive measures in advance, effectively Reduces algal blooms.
现有的蓝藻监测方法主要有：1）人工现场观测和实验室分析技术，该方法存在监测周期长、数据采集慢、劳动强度大、覆盖范围有限等问题，不易提早发现蓝藻的爆发。2）“全球眼”网络视频监控技术预警，该方法能够24小时监控敏感水域，直观的了解到蓝藻爆发情况，但该技术只适用于小型、特殊功能水域、易于铺设线路的湖泊水库。3）卫星遥感技术监测，该方法具有宏观、动态、观测范围广等特点，但该方法监测蓝藻易受到云层遮挡，存在空间分辨率低、不适用于中小型湖泊的预警监测等问题。因此解决上述问题就显得十分必要了。 The existing cyanobacteria monitoring methods mainly include: 1) Manual on-site observation and laboratory analysis technology. This method has problems such as long monitoring period, slow data collection, high labor intensity, and limited coverage. It is not easy to detect the outbreak of cyanobacteria early. 2) "Global Eye" network video surveillance technology early warning, this method can monitor sensitive waters 24 hours a day, and intuitively understand the situation of blue-green algae outbreaks, but this technology is only suitable for small, special function waters, lakes and reservoirs that are easy to lay lines. 3) Satellite remote sensing technology monitoring. This method has the characteristics of macroscopic, dynamic, and wide observation range. However, the monitoring of cyanobacteria by this method is easily blocked by clouds, has low spatial resolution, and is not suitable for early warning and monitoring of small and medium-sized lakes. Therefore, it is necessary to solve the above problems.
实用新型内容 Utility model content
本实用新型针对蓝藻监测现有技术的不足，提供了一种使用太阳能的基于ZigBee无线通信技术的蓝藻监测器，该装置成本低、通信能力强、耗能低，并具有太阳能和锂电池互备供电功能，提高了节点的长寿命工作。 The utility model aims at the deficiencies in the prior art of cyanobacteria monitoring, and provides a cyanobacteria monitor based on ZigBee wireless communication technology using solar energy. The power supply function improves the long-life work of the node.
本实用新型的目的是提供一种使用太阳能的基于ZigBee无线通信技术的蓝藻监测器，其主要包括有供电装置和水环境参数采集装置，供电装置内设置有太阳能电池板利用太阳能发电并供电，太阳能电池板连接有太阳能控制器，太阳能控制器连接着锂电池，太阳能电池通过太阳能控制器给锂电池充电，太阳能控制器和锂电池上都连接有12V电压转换器来转换电压，锂电池上还连接有5V电压转换器来转换电压；水环境参数采集装置内有溶解氧传感器、氮浓度传感器、磷浓度传感器、风力风向传感器和温度传感器；水环境参数采集装置连接有微控制器来采集数据，微控制器连接有Zigbee无线通讯器来传送数据。 The purpose of this utility model is to provide a cyanobacteria monitor based on ZigBee wireless communication technology using solar energy, which mainly includes a power supply device and a water environment parameter acquisition device. The solar panel is connected to the solar controller, the solar controller is connected to the lithium battery, the solar battery charges the lithium battery through the solar controller, the solar controller and the lithium battery are connected to a 12V voltage converter to convert the voltage, and the lithium battery is also connected to a 5V The voltage converter is used to convert the voltage; the water environment parameter acquisition device has a dissolved oxygen sensor, a nitrogen concentration sensor, a phosphorus concentration sensor, a wind force wind direction sensor and a temperature sensor; the water environment parameter acquisition device is connected with a microcontroller to collect data, and the microcontroller A Zigbee wireless communicator is connected to transmit data.
进一步改进在于：所述12V电压转换器上设置有单刀三掷开关，太阳能控制器与单刀三掷开关连在一起，锂电池与单刀三掷开关连在一起，微处理器与单刀三掷开关的控制端口连在一起，从而控制选择太阳能电池直接供电或锂电池输出的12V电压供电或者切断锂电池输出的12V电压，实现太阳能和锂电池互备为水环境参数采集模块的大部分传感器供电。 The further improvement is: the 12V voltage converter is provided with a single-pole three-throw switch, the solar controller is connected with the single-pole three-throw switch, the lithium battery is connected with the single-pole three-throw switch, and the microprocessor is connected with the single-pole three-throw switch. The control ports are connected together to control the direct power supply of the solar battery or the 12V voltage output by the lithium battery or cut off the 12V voltage output by the lithium battery, so as to realize mutual backup of solar energy and lithium battery to supply power for most sensors of the water environment parameter acquisition module.
进一步改进在于：所述有水环境参数采集装置内的溶解氧传感器、氮浓度传感器、磷浓度传感器和风力风向传感器共同连接有放大电路器将这些传感器输出微弱的电压、电流信号通过放大电路转换为标准电压信号，放大电路器连接着微控制器来采集传感器的数据，温度传感器连接着微控制器采集数据。 The further improvement is: the dissolved oxygen sensor, nitrogen concentration sensor, phosphorus concentration sensor and wind direction sensor in the water environment parameter acquisition device are commonly connected with an amplifier circuit to convert the weak voltage and current signals output by these sensors into The standard voltage signal, the amplifier circuit is connected to the microcontroller to collect data from the sensor, and the temperature sensor is connected to the microcontroller to collect data.
进一步改进在于：所述12V电压转换器连接着水环境参数采集装置内的溶解氧传感器、氮浓度传感器、磷浓度传感器、风力风向传感器和放大电路器，为这些传感器供电，微控制器连接着12V电压转换器来控制其运行。 The further improvement is: the 12V voltage converter is connected to the dissolved oxygen sensor, nitrogen concentration sensor, phosphorus concentration sensor, wind force and direction sensor and amplifier circuit in the water environment parameter acquisition device to supply power for these sensors, and the microcontroller is connected to the 12V voltage converter to control its operation.
进一步改进在于：所述5V电压转换器连接着微控制器和Zigbee无线通讯器来为其供电。 A further improvement is that: the 5V voltage converter is connected with the microcontroller and the Zigbee wireless communicator to provide power for it.
本实用新型的有益效果：该蓝藻监测器拥有传感、采集和处理数据、远程通信和自供电能力，具有成本低、耗能低、长寿命等特点，与现有的蓝藻监测器相比，本监测器使用寿命长，使用太阳能和锂电池互备供电，而且软硬件系统均采用低功耗设计，提高了能量的利用效率，大大延长了监测器的使用寿命，并且通信能力强，监测范围广，使用ZigBee无线通信器，提高监测节点通信能力，减少数据的丢失。提高蓝藻爆发预警的准确性，使用新型蓝藻浓度传感器，监测中心能够直接获得监测水域的藻类含量，再考虑监测水域的气温、风力风向和水中富营养盐含量能够准确的分析出蓝藻爆发的概率，从而提前预防，降低损失。系统成本低。与现有的三种蓝藻监测方法相比，设备和人工投入的费用都大大降低。 Beneficial effects of the utility model: the cyanobacteria monitor has the ability of sensing, collecting and processing data, remote communication and self-power supply, and has the characteristics of low cost, low energy consumption, long life, etc. Compared with the existing cyanobacteria monitor, The monitor has a long service life, using solar energy and lithium batteries for mutual power supply, and the hardware and software systems are designed with low power consumption, which improves the energy utilization efficiency and greatly prolongs the service life of the monitor, and has strong communication capabilities and a wide monitoring range. Wide, use ZigBee wireless communicator to improve the communication ability of monitoring nodes and reduce data loss. Improve the accuracy of early warning of cyanobacteria outbreaks, using a new type of cyanobacteria concentration sensor, the monitoring center can directly obtain the algae content of the monitoring waters, and then consider the temperature, wind direction and nutrient content in the monitoring waters to accurately analyze the probability of cyanobacteria outbreaks, So as to prevent in advance and reduce losses. System cost is low. Compared with the existing three cyanobacteria monitoring methods, the cost of equipment and labor input is greatly reduced.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型的示意图。 Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the utility model.
其中：1-供电装置，2-水环境参数采集装置，3-太阳能电池板，4-太阳能控制器，5-锂电池，6-12V电压转换器，7-5V电压转换器，8-溶解氧传感器，9-氮浓度传感器，10-磷浓度传感器，11-风力风向传感器，12-蓝藻浓度传感器，13-温度传感器，14-微控制器，15-Zigbee无线通讯器，16-单刀三掷开关，17-放大电路器。 Among them: 1-power supply device, 2-water environment parameter collection device, 3-solar panel, 4-solar controller, 5-lithium battery, 6-12V voltage converter, 7-5V voltage converter, 8-dissolved oxygen Sensor, 9-nitrogen concentration sensor, 10-phosphorus concentration sensor, 11-wind force and direction sensor, 12-cyanobacteria concentration sensor, 13-temperature sensor, 14-microcontroller, 15-Zigbee wireless communicator, 16-single pole three throw switch , 17- amplifier circuit.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
为了加深对本实用新型的理解，下面将结合实施例对本实用新型作进一步详述，该实施例仅用于解释本实用新型，并不构成对本实用新型保护范围的限定。 In order to deepen the understanding of the utility model, the utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the examples, which are only used to explain the utility model, and do not constitute a limitation to the protection scope of the utility model.
如图1所示，本实施例提供一种使用太阳能的基于ZigBee无线通信技术的蓝藻监测器包括供电装置1、水环境参数采集装置2、微控制器13、Zigbee无线通讯器14。供电装置1使用一块型号为SUN-15的太阳能电池板3、一块型号为GH5A的太阳能控制器4、一块型号为18650的锂电池5，太阳能电池板3与太阳能控制器4光电池端相连，太阳能控制器4的充电电池端与锂电池5相连，太阳能控制器4的负载端与12V电压转换器6的单刀三掷开关15相连，锂电池5分别于12V电压转换器6的单刀三掷开关15和5V电压转换器7相连，单刀三掷开关15的控制端口与微控制器13相连，单刀三掷开关15已有成熟的连接电路。12V电压转换器6以NSC公司的LM2577-12为核心构建，5V电压转换器7以LM2577-5为核心构建。12V电压转换器6为溶解氧传感器8、氮浓度传感器9、磷浓度传感器10、风力风向传感器11、蓝藻浓度传感器12、放大电路17供电，5V电压转换器7为温度传感器13、微控制器14、Zigbee无线通讯器15供电。太阳能控制器4在锂电池5电量降低时为其充电，保证锂电池5的电量充足。放大电路器17以运算放大器LM258为核心构建，溶解氧传感器8、氮浓度传感器9、磷浓度传感器10、风力风向传感器11、蓝藻浓度传感器12输出的微弱电流、电压信号通过放大电路器17转换成标准信号，送入微控制器13的A/D转换器进行处理，完成蓝藻监测预警所需的水环境参数采集；温度传感器13采用的是数字式温度传感器DS18B20，微控制器13直接采集温度数据，微控制器13采用ATMEL公司的MEGA48PA低功耗微处理器，用于控制水环境参数采集处理和ZigBee无线通信。微控制器13利用单刀三掷开关15控制以LM2577-12为核心的12V电压转换器6，实现选择太阳能控制器4直接供电或者锂电池5供电，若蓝藻监测相关参数采集完成，微控制器13控制单刀三掷开关15切断太阳能控制器4直接供电或者锂电池5供电，锂电池5为微控制器13和Zigbee无线通讯器14供电，节点此时进入休眠状态，节省系统能量，提高能量的利用率。Zigbee无线通讯器14按照协议要求，寻找网络中最佳传输路径，保证数据的实时性。 As shown in FIG. 1 , this embodiment provides a cyanobacteria monitor based on ZigBee wireless communication technology using solar energy, including a power supply device 1 , a water environment parameter collection device 2 , a microcontroller 13 , and a ZigBee wireless communicator 14 . The power supply device 1 uses a solar panel 3 of model SUN-15, a solar controller 4 of model GH5A, and a lithium battery 5 of model 18650. The solar panel 3 is connected to the photocell terminal of the solar controller 4. The rechargeable battery terminal of the device 4 is connected with the lithium battery 5, the load terminal of the solar controller 4 is connected with the single-pole three-throw switch 15 of the 12V voltage converter 6, and the lithium battery 5 is respectively connected with the single-pole three-throw switch 15 and the single-pole three-throw switch 15 of the 12V voltage converter 6. The 5V voltage converter 7 is connected, the control port of the single-pole three-throw switch 15 is connected with the microcontroller 13, and the single-pole three-throw switch 15 has a mature connection circuit. The 12V voltage converter 6 is built with the LM2577-12 of NSC Company as the core, and the 5V voltage converter 7 is built with the LM2577-5 as the core. 12V voltage converter 6 supplies power for dissolved oxygen sensor 8, nitrogen concentration sensor 9, phosphorus concentration sensor 10, wind force and direction sensor 11, cyanobacteria concentration sensor 12, amplifying circuit 17, and 5V voltage converter 7 is temperature sensor 13, microcontroller 14 , Zigbee wireless communicator 15 is powered. Solar controller 4 is charged for it when lithium battery 5 electric quantity reduces, guarantees that the electric quantity of lithium battery 5 is sufficient. Amplifying circuit 17 is built with operational amplifier LM258 as the core, dissolved oxygen sensor 8, nitrogen concentration sensor 9, phosphorus concentration sensor 10, wind force wind direction sensor 11, the weak current and voltage signal output by cyanobacteria concentration sensor 12 are converted into The standard signal is sent to the A/D converter of the microcontroller 13 for processing to complete the collection of water environment parameters required for cyanobacteria monitoring and early warning; the temperature sensor 13 is a digital temperature sensor DS18B20, and the microcontroller 13 directly collects temperature data. Microcontroller 13 adopts MEGA48PA low-power consumption microprocessor of ATMEL Company, which is used to control the collection and processing of water environment parameters and ZigBee wireless communication. The micro-controller 13 controls the 12V voltage converter 6 with LM2577-12 as the core by using the single-pole three-throw switch 15 to realize the direct power supply of the solar controller 4 or the lithium battery 5. Control the single-pole three-throw switch 15 to cut off the direct power supply of the solar controller 4 or the power supply of the lithium battery 5, the lithium battery 5 supplies power for the microcontroller 13 and the Zigbee wireless communicator 14, and the node enters a dormant state at this time to save system energy and improve energy utilization Rate. The Zigbee wireless communicator 14 searches for the best transmission path in the network according to the protocol requirements to ensure the real-time performance of data.
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Cited By (2)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106153678A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-23 | 天津大学 | A kind of utilize solar powered automatically cleaning PH counter device |
| CN106198632A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-12-07 | 天津大学 | A kind of utilize solar powered environment-friendly type ocean water quality integrated sensor device |
-
2014
- 2014-03-18 CN CN201420121248.9U patent/CN203758998U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106153678A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-23 | 天津大学 | A kind of utilize solar powered automatically cleaning PH counter device |
| CN106198632A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-12-07 | 天津大学 | A kind of utilize solar powered environment-friendly type ocean water quality integrated sensor device |
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